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Genus: Ponera   Latreille, 1804 

Classification:

Current Valid Name:



Taxonomic History (provided by Barry Bolton, 2023)

Extant: 59 valid species

Fossil: 5 valid species

Ponera Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica coarctata, by subsequent designation of Westwood, 1840a PDF: 83. AntCat AntWiki

Taxonomic history

[Note: type-designation is discussed by Taylor, 1967a PDF: 6.]
Ponera in Poneridae: Smith, 1858a PDF: 83; Smith, 1871b PDF: 320.
Ponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1855 PDF: 386 [Poneridae]; Smith, 1857a PDF: 65 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861 PDF: 54 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862 PDF: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865 PDF: 13 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879 PDF: 455 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893 PDF: 37.
Genus Ponera references
[References before Taylor, 1967a refer to both Ponera and Hypoponera.]
Mayr, 1855 PDF: 386 (diagnosis); Smith, 1858a PDF: 83 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862 PDF: 721 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b PDF: 16 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863a PDF: 447 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865 PDF: 13 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a PDF: 85 (diagnosis); Forel, 1874 PDF: 64 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1879 PDF: 661 (all species key); Emery, 1882a: 239 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887 PDF: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893 PDF: 37 (catalogue); Emery, 1895n PDF: 60 (Mediterranean species key); Emery, 1896g PDF: 53 (New World species key); Emery, 1900b PDF: 316 (Australia, Papuasia & Oceania species key); Forel, 1900f PDF: 322 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903 PDF: 89 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1909d PDF: 367 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1911e PDF: 88 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 76 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916a PDF: 107 (Italy species key); Bondroit, 1918 PDF: 81 (France & Belgium species key); Gallardo, 1918c PDF: 73 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1921 PDF: 419 (Fiji species key); Wheeler, 1922: 780, 1009 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1931b PDF: 266 (Costa Rica species key); Wheeler, 1933g PDF: 13 (Pseudocryptopone species key); Smith, 1936d PDF: 420 (North America species key); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany species key); Creighton, 1950a PDF: 47 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951 PDF: 68, 73, 74 (Asia Ponera, Pseudocryptopone, Selenopone checklists); Bernard, 1953b PDF: 197 (West Africa species key); Wilson, 1957b PDF: 359, 376 (Ponera tenuis, Ponera selenophora groups revisions, keys); Wilson, 1958g PDF: 323, 343 (Melanesia & Moluccas species, Fiji species revisions, keys); Brown, 1958h PDF: 22 (New Zealand species); Taylor, 1960 PDF: 180 (Ponera leae complex, key); Taylor, 1964 PDF: 139 (*fossil species, review); Taylor, 1967a PDF: 18 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bernard, 1967a PDF: 83 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Smith, 1979: 1341 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, 1985: 38 (Australia catalogue); Ogata, 1987a PDF: 120 (diagnosis, Japan); Taylor, 1987a PDF: 63 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand, checklist); Morisita et al., 1989: 22 (Japan species key); Perrault, 1993 PDF: 337 (addition to Taylor, 1967a key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a PDF: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 360 (catalogue); Terayama, 1996b PDF: 14 (Japan species key); Kim et al., 1998: 149 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 199 (Australia synopsis); Xu, 2001a PDF: 52 and Xu, 2001c PDF: 218 (China species keys); Zhou, 2001a PDF: 37 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003 PDF: 170 (synopsis); Yoshimura et al., 2009 PDF: 200 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009 PDF: 109 (Taiwan species key); Sarnat & Economo, 2012 PDF: 162 (Fiji species key); Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014 10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1 PDF: 200 (diagnosis, synoptic description, distribution, ecology and behavior, phylogenetic and taxonomic considerations); Bharti & Rilta, 2015a PDF: 9 (India species key); Cantone, 2017 PDF: 271 (brief male diagnosis); Pierce et al., 2019 10.3897/zookeys.867.36139 PDF: 20 (worker key to East Asian species); Borowiec & Salata, 2022 PDF: 29 (diagnosis, key to Greece species).

Taxon Page Images:



Ponera worker and larvae. Diamond Creek, Victoria, Australia.
Image © Alex Wild. // Distribution

Distribution:

  Geographic regions (According to curated Geolocale/Taxon lists):
    Africa: Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Reunion, Seychelles, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda
    Americas: Brazil, Canada, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, United States
    Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Borneo, China, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Krakatau Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, North Korea, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan
    Europe: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Balearic Islands, Belgium, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom
    Oceania: Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hawaii, Lord Howe Island, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna
  Biogeographic regions (According to curated Bioregion/Taxon lists):
    Afrotropical, Australasia, Indomalaya, Malagasy, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oceania, Palearctic
  Native biogeographic regions (according to species list records):
    Australasia, Indomalaya, Malagasy, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oceania, Palearctic

Taxonomic Treatment (provided by Plazi)

Scientific Name Status Publication Pages ModsID GoogleMaps
Ponera   Forel, A., 1891, Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie: Les Formicides., Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar., Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale, pp. 1-231: 123-124, (download) 123-124 6734
Ponera   Paknia, O., Radchenko, A. & Alipanah, H., 2008, A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran., Myrmecologische Nachrichten 11, pp. 151-159: 155, (download) 155 21820
Ponera   Jerdon, T. C., 1851, A catalogue of the species of ants found in southern India., Madras Journal of Literature and Science 17, pp. 103-127: 103, (download) 103 4764
Ponera   Yoshimura, M. & Fisher, B. L., 2007, A revision of male ants of the Malagasy region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Key to subfamilies and treatment of the genera of Ponerinae., Zootaxa 1654, pp. 21-40: 38, (download) 38 21365
Ponera   Mayr, G., 1862, Myrmecologische Studien., Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 12, pp. 649-776: 721, (download) 721 4445
Ponera   Förster, A., 1850, Hymenopterologische Studien. 1. Formicariae., Aachen: Unknown Publisher, pp. -1--1: 45, (download) 45 8138
Ponera   Smith, F., 1858, Catalogue of the hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae., London: British Museum, pp. -1--1: 83, (download) 83 8127
Ponera   Forel, A., 1891, Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie: Les Formicides., Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar., Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale, pp. 1-231: 124, (download) 124 6734
Ponera   Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London: British Museum, pp. -1--1: 6, (download) 6 8200
Ponera   Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8, pp. 1-174: 32, (download) 32 6175
Ponera   Jerdon, T. C., 1851, A catalogue of the species of ants found in southern India., Madras Journal of Literature and Science 17, pp. 103-127: 117, (download) 117 4764


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