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Genus: Tetramorium   Mayr, 1855 


Classification:

Taxonomic History (provided by Barry Bolton, 2017)

Extant: 567 species, 15 subspecies

Fossil: 2 species

Tetramorium Mayr, 1855 PDF: 423. Type-species: Formica caespitum, by subsequent designation of Girard, 1879: 1016. AntCat AntWiki HOL

Taxonomic history

Tetramorium in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877b PDF: 81.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855 PDF: 423 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861 PDF: 61 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865 PDF: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 457 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893 PDF: 130.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b PDF: 125; Forel, 1899B: 52; Kusnezov, 1964 PDF: 57 (anachronism).
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895l PDF: 770; Ashmead, 1905c PDF: 383; Wheeler, 1910a: 141; Emery, 1914e: 42; Arnold, 1917 PDF: 271; Forel, 1917 PDF: 245; Wheeler, 1922: 664; Emery, 1924f: 275; all subsequent authors.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Crematogastrini: Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2015 PDF: 17.
Genus Tetramorium references
Roger, 1863b: 26, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863a PDF: 456 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865 PDF: 20 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b PDF: 972 (all species key); André, 1883a: 285 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887 PDF: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1893g PDF: 214 (Triglyphothrix species key); Dalla Torre, 1893 PDF: 130, 135 (Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Forel, 1903a PDF: 700, 703 (India & Sri Lanka Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix species keys); Bingham, 1903 PDF: 172, 175 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 517 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909f: 695 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916a PDF: 195 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1917 PDF: 271, 275, 334, 345 (diagnosis, South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium), Tetramorium (Triglyphothrix), Tetramorium (Xiphomyrmex) species keys); Bondroit, 1918 PDF: 106 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1919 PDF: 353 (Papuasia Triglyphothrix species key); Wheeler, 1922: 187, 190, 193, 196 (Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix diagnoses); Wheeler, 1922: 886, 889, 893, 906, 909 (Afrotropical Atopula, Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Wheeler, 1922: 1030, 1031, 1032 (Malagasy Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Emery, 1924f: 242 (Atopula diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924f: 272 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924f: 275 (Tetramorium diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924f: 286 (Xiphomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1924b PDF: 210 (Macromischoides species key); Arnold, 1926 PDF: 241 (South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium) species key); Menozzi, 1933b PDF: 74 (Israel species key); Finzi, 1936 PDF: 183 (Egypt species key); Smith, 1938a PDF: 127 (North America Xiphomyrmex species key); Kratochvíl, 1941b: 84 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941 PDF: 84 (Central Europe species key); Smith, 1943b PDF: 2 (North America species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944 PDF: 76, 95 (Central Europe species key); Creighton, 1950a PDF: 290, 293 (North America Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951 PDF: 174, 178, 179 (Asia Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix, Xiphomyrmex checklists); Brown, 1958h PDF: 27 (New Zealand species); Bernard, 1967a PDF: 227 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972b PDF: 249, 255 (Neotropical Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 18 (Cuba species key); Tarbinsky, 1976 PDF: 105 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Bolton, 1976 PDF: 310, 314, 341 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, Afrotropical, Oriental & Malesian species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1976 PDF: 359 (Tetramorium diagnosis, review of genus, synonymy); Bolton, 1977 PDF: 72, 133 (Oriental & Malesian, Australia species revisions, keys); Kutter, 1977c: 150 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 544 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978 PDF: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979 PDF: 82 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, 1979: 1399, 1400 (North America Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium catalogues); Bolton, 1979 PDF: 132, 159 (Malagasy, New World species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1980 PDF: 196, 205 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Collingwood, 1985 PDF: 262 (Saudi Arabia species key); Gösswald, 1985: 311 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, 1985: 88 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a PDF: 78 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b PDF: 277 (Balkans species key); Wang, Xiao & Wu, 1988: 264 (China species key); Radchenko & Arakelian, 1990 PDF: 371 (Crimea & Caucasus Tetramorium ferox complex, key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990 PDF: 197 (Turkmenistan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 149 (Bulgaria species key); Radchenko, 1992a PDF: 44 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 33 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994 PDF: 60 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 109 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a PDF: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 403 (catalogue); Wu & Wang, 1995a: 79 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996 PDF: 332 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996B: 158 (Central Europe species key); Cagniant, 1997: 89 (Morocco species key); Radchenko, Czechowski & Czechowsa, 1998: 107 (Poland species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 17 (Portugal species key); Sanetra, Güsten & Schulz, 1999 PDF: 317 (Italy, species); Shattuck, 1999: 168 (Australia synopsis); Chang & He, 2001B PDF: 1 (northwest China species key); Zhou, 2001A PDF: 100 (China, Guangxi species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002 PDF: 145 (Poland species key); Mackay & MacKay, 2002 PDF: 214 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Seifert, 2007: 145 (North and Central Europe species key); Csosz, Radchenko & Schulz, 2007 PDF: 8 (Tetramorium chefketi complex key); Terayama, 2009 PDF: 162 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009 PDF: 177 (south-western Australia species key); Csosz & Schulz, 2010 PDF: 12 (Tetramorium ferox complex key); Hita Garcia, Fischer & Peters, 2010 PDF: 12 (Afrotropical Tetramorium weitzeckeri species group key); Vásquez-Bolaños, Castaño-Meneses & Guzmán-Mendoza, 2011 PDF: 454 (Neotropical Tetramorium tortuosum group key); Sharaf, Aldawood & Taylor, 2012 PDF: 7 (Arabia species key); Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2012a: 10, 31, 57, 91, 113 (Malagasy Tetramorium bessonii, Tetramorium bonibony, Tetramorium dysalum, Tetramorium marginatum, Tetramorium tsingy group keys); Bharti & Kumar, 2012 PDF: 29 (India species key) ; Czechowski, Radchenko, et al. 2012: 369 (Poland species key); Sarnat & Economo, 2012 PDF: 137 (Fiji species key); Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2012b: 8, 14 (Malagasy Tetramorium kelleri, Tetramorium tortuosum species groups keys); Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2013 PDF (Afrotropical Tetramorium tortuosum species group revision, species key); Sharaf, Abdel-Dayem, Al Dhafer & Aldawood, 2013 PDF: 577 (Sharaf, Aldawood & Taylor, 2012 PDF's Saudi Arabia species key update); Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2014 PDF: 71, 77 (synonymy, Afrotropical Tetramorium decem species group, revision and key); Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2014 PDF: 10, 31, 57, 156 (Malagasy Tetramorium naganum, Tetramorium plesiarum, Tetramorium schaufussii, Tetramorium severini species groups, revisions and keys); Radchenko & Dlussky, 2015 PDF (fossils); Radchenko & Scupola, 2015 PDF (striativentre species group revision); Salata & Borowiec, 2017 10.3161/00034541ANZ2017.67.2.008 PDF: 279 (Tetramorium semilaeve species groups, revisions and keys).

Taxon Page Images:



Neighboring nests of Tetramorium pavement ants often fight extended territorial battles as colonies expand in the spring. The unfortunate ant in the center has been outnumbered by ants from an opposing colony. (Tetramorium "species E") Nixon, Nevada, USA.
Tetramorium pulcherrimum is a small, furry, forest-dwelling ant found in the rainforests of central Africa. Here, a forager explores the mossy microscape on top of a rotting log. Kibale Forest, Uganda.
Image © Alex Wild.

Distribution:

(based on species list records)   Genus is native to: Afrotropical, Australasia, Indomalaya, Malagasy, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oceania, Palearctic bioregions.

Afrotropical Region: Africa, Angola, Ashanti, Benin, Bioko Sur, Borgou, Botswana, Buikwe, Bundibugyo, Bungoma, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Bururi, Bushenyi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central, Central African Republic, Chad, Coast, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eastern, Eastern Africa, Eastern Cape, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Erongo, Estuaire, Ethiopia, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Gauteng, Ghana, Greater Accra, Guinea, Haut-Uélé, Huambo, Iringa, Ituri, Ivory Coast, Kabarole, Kakamega, Kenya, Kigoma, Kilifi, Kilimanjaro, Kongo Central, KwaZulu-Natal, Kwanza Norte, Lac, Laikipia, Leribe, Lesotho, Liberia, Limpopo, Lindi, Machakos, Malawi, Mali, Manicaland, Matabeleland North, Middle Africa, Morogoro, Mozambique, Mpumalanga, Mtwara, Nairobi, Nakuru, Namibia, Niari, Niger, Nigeria, North West, North-West, North-Western, Northern, Northern Cape, Ogooué-Maritime, Oromīya, Otjozondjupa, Pool, Pwani, Ruvuma, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Sangha-Mbaéré, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Siaya, Sierra Leone, Sofala, South, South Africa, South Sudan, South-West, Southern, Southern Africa, Sud-Kivu, Sudan, Swaziland, São Tomé, Tahoua, Tanga, Tanzania, Tete, Tharaka-Nithi, Togo, Tshopo, Uganda, Vihiga, Wakiso, Western, Western, Western Africa, Western Cape, Woleu-Ntem, YeDebub Bihēroch Bihēreseboch na Hizboch, Zambia, Zambézia, Zimbabwe, Ānseba
Australasia Region: Auckland, Australia, Australia and New Zealand, Central, Chimbu, East Sepik, Eastern Highlands, Gulf, Lord Howe Island, Madang, Makira-Ulawa, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Manus, Morobe, New Caledonia, New Ireland, New South Wales, New Zealand, Nord, Norfolk Island, Northern, Northern Territory, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Oceania, Papua, Papua Barat, Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Solomon Islands, South Australia, Southern Highlands, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu, Western, Western Australia, Western Highlands
Indomalaya Region: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Asia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Brunei, Cambodia, Central, Chachoengsao, Chaiyaphum, Chandigarh, Chiang Mai, Goa, Gorontalo, Hong Kong, Hà Nội, India, Indonesia, Jawa Barat, Jiangxi, Johor, Kalimantan Timur, Karnataka, Kerala, Krakatau Islands, Laguna, Lampung, Laos, Loei, Madhya Pradesh, Magway, Malaysia, Meghalaya, Myanmar, Nakhon Nayok, Negeri Sembilan, Nepal, Nicobar Island, Odisha, Okinawa, Pahang, Pakistan, Palawan, Perak, Phetchabun, Philippines, Quezon, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Singapore, South-Eastern Asia, Southern Asia, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Utara, Taiwan, Tak, Tamil Nadu, Terengganu, Thailand, Vietnam, West Bengal, Yunnan, Zhejiang
Malagasy Region: Anjouan, Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Comoros, Europa Island, Fianarantsoa, Grande Comore, Juan de Nova Island, Madagascar, Mahajanga, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mohéli, Reunion, Rodrigues, Seychelles, Toamasina, Toliara
Nearctic Region: Alabama, Arizona, Baja California, Baja California Sur, California, Canada, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North America, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Sonora, Tennessee, Texas, United States, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Zacatecas
Neotropical Region: Americas, Argentina, Aruba, Atlántida, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Caribbean, Cayman Islands, Central America, Chiapas, Chile, Colombia, Costa Caribe Sur, Costa Rica, Cotopaxi, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Espírito Santo, Galapagos Islands, Galápagos, Gracias a Dios, Guadeloupe, Guanacaste, Guantánamo, Guerrero, Guyana, Haiti, Heredia, Honduras, Jalisco, Jamaica, Lima, Limón, Managua, Mexico, Minas Gerais, Morelos, Nacional, Napo, Nayarit, Nicaragua, Oaxaca, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Puntarenas, Risaralda, Sinaloa, South America, Tamaulipas, Trelawny, Trinidad and Tobago, Valparaíso, Veracruz
Oceania Region: Airai, American Samoa, Angaur, Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hatohobei, Hawaii, Kadavu, Kayangel, Kiribati, Koror, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Marshall Islands, Melanesia, Melekeok, Micronesia, Micronesia, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Peleliu, Pitcairn, Pohnpei, Polynesia, Rewa, Samoa, Serua, Sonsorol, Tailevu, Tokelau, Tonga, Tongatapu, Tuamasaga, Wallis and Futuna, Îles Marquises
Palearctic Region: Afghanistan, Al Bahah, Albania, Algeria, Alicante, Andalusia, Andorra, Antalya, Ar Riyad, Armenia, Asir, Attikí, Austria, Azerbaijan, Azores, Balearic Islands, Beja, Belarus, Belgium, Blagoevgrad, Brussels Capital, Bulgaria, Calabria, Canary Islands, Castile-La Mancha, Catalonia, Central Asia, Channel Islands, China, Corsica, Crete, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denizli, Denmark, Dobrich, East Flanders, Eastern Asia, Eastern Europe, Egypt, Emilia-Romagna, Estonia, Europe, Eşfahān, Finland, Flemish Brabant, France, Georgia, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hainaut, Hesse, Himachal Pradesh, Hovedstaden, Hungary, Ionía Nísia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jammu and Kashmir, Japan, Jazan, Jersey, Jiangsu, Jordan, Kairouan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kābul, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Liguria, Limburg, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madrid, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Murcia, Māzandarān, Namur, Netherlands, North Korea, Northern Africa, Northern Europe, Norway, Notío Aigaío, Occitanie, Oman, Peloponnísos, Poland, Portugal, Puglia, Rogaland, Romania, Russia, Saratov, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Shaanxi, Sicilia, Skåne, Slovakia, Slovenia, Smolyan, South Korea, Southern Europe, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanger-Tétouan-Al Hoceïma, Thessalía, Toscana, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan, Valais, Valencia, Vidin, Voreío Aigaío, Walloon Brabant, West Flanders, Western Asia, Western Europe, Yemen, Zanjān, Zurich

Taxonomic Treatment (provided by Plazi)

Scientific Name Status Publication Pages ModsID GoogleMaps
Tetramorium   Ward, P. S., 2005, A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., Zootaxa 936, pp. 1-68: 37, (download) 37 21008
Tetramorium   Forel, A., 1891, Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie: Les Formicides., Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar., Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale, pp. 1-231: 150, (download) 150 6734
Tetramorium   Forel, A., 1887, Fourmis récoltées à Madagascar, par le Dr. Conrad Keller., Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 7, pp. 381-389: 3 3 3924
Tetramorium   Paknia, O., Radchenko, A. & Alipanah, H., 2008, A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran., Myrmecologische Nachrichten 11, pp. 151-159: 155, (download) 155 21820
Wasmannia auropunctata   Longino, J. T. & Fernández, F., 2007, Taxonomic review of the genus Wasmannia., Advances in ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Homage to E. O. Wilson - 50 years of contributions. (Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80), pp. 271-289: 276-278, (download) 276-278 21284
Tetramorium   Forel, A., 1891, Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie: Les Formicides., Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar., Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale, pp. 1-231: 150, (download) 150 6734
Tetramorium   Wheeler, W. M., 1922, The ants collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition., Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 45, pp. 39-269: 190-191, (download) 190-191 20597
Tetramorium   Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8, pp. 1-174: 82-84, (download) 82-84 6175
Tetramorium   Csösz S., Radchenko, A. & Schulz, A., 2007, Taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic Tetramorium chefketi species complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., Zootaxa 1405, pp. 1-38: 2, (download) 2 21169
Tetramorium   Paknia, O., Radchenko, A. & Alipanah, H., 2008, A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran., Myrmecologische Nachrichten 11, pp. 151-159: 155, (download) 155 21820
Tetramorium   Paknia, O., Radchenko, A. & Alipanah, H., 2008, A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran., Myrmecologische Nachrichten 11, pp. 151-159: 155, (download) 155 21820
Tetramorium   Mohamed, S., Zalat, S. & Fadl, H., 2001, Taxonomy of ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) collected by pitfall traps from Sinai and Delta region, Egypt., Egyptian Journal of Natural History 3, pp. 40-61: 54-55, (download) 54-55 21622
Tetramorium   Eguchi, K., Viet, B. T. & Yamane, S., 2011, Generic synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part I - Myrmicinae and Pseudomyrmicinae., Zootaxa 2878, pp. 1-61: 30, (download) 30 23462
Tetramorium n. sp.  Forel, A., 1910, Note sur quelques fourmis d'Afrique., Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique 54, pp. 421-458: 426-427, (download) 426-427 4026


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