melanogaster. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) irritans var. melanogaster Stitz, 1938: 114 (q.) MICRONESIA (Caroline Is).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella yapensis TRUE TRUE FALSEyapensis. Romblonella yapensis Smith, M.R. 1953a: 78 (w.) MICRONESIA (Caroline Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys TRUE TRUE FALSE146 species
Cerapachys Smith, F. 1857a: 74. Type-species: Cerapachys antennatus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 28.
Taxonomic history
Cerapachys in Myrmicinae: Smith, F. 1857a: 74 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 47 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 329 [Myrmicidae].
Cerapachys in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Cerapachys in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1901a: 34.
Cerapachys in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162 (also misspelled Orapachys, same page); Forel, 1900d: 331; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 8; Arnold, 1915: 11; Forel, 1917: 239; Brown, 1975: 18; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Cerapachys in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 632; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 17; Kempf, 1972a: 76; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Bolton, 1990a: 67; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Jaffe, 1993: 9; Bolton, 1994: 19; Bolton, 2003: 34.
Junior synonyms of CERAPACHYS
Syscia Roger, 1861a: 19. Type-species: Syscia typhla, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Syscia in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Syscia in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Syscia in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1900d: 329; Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Syscia as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Forel, 1900d: 329; Bingham, 1903: 31.
Syscia as subgenus of Cerapachys: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Emery, 1902c: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 10; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 730.
Syscia as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Kempf, 1972a: 76; Brown, 1975: 18; all subsequent authors.
Ooceraea Roger, 1862a: 248. Type-species: Ooceraea fragosa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ooceraea in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae].
Ooceraea in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Ooceraea in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1871a: 324.
Ooceraea in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Ooceraea in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162.
Ooceraea in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1901a: 34.
Ooceraea in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 25.
Ooceraea as genus: Roger, 1862a: 248; Smith, F. 1871a: 324; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Forel, 1900d: 329; Bingham, 1903: 31.
Ooceraea as subgenus of Cerapachys: Emery, 1902c: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 10; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 678.
Ooceraea as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Lioponera Mayr, 1879: 666. Type-species: Lioponera longitarsus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Lioponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Lioponera in Pachycondylinae, Lioponerini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Lioponera in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1900d: 329; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 11; Forel, 1917: 239.
Lioponera in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Lioponera in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 657.
Lioponera as subgenus of Cerapachys: Forel, 1892l: 244.
Lioponera as genus: Mayr, 1879: 666; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Forel, 1900d: 329; Bingham, 1903: 26; Emery, 1911d: 11; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 657.
Lioponera as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Parasyscia Emery, in André, 1882c: 235. Type-species: Parasyscia piochardi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Parasyscia in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Parasyscia in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Parasyscia in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162 [Cerapachysii]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Parasyscia as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Parasyscia as subgenus of Cerapachys: Forel, 1892l: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 9; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681; Creighton, 1950a: 57.
Parasyscia as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Kempf, 1972a: 76; Brown, 1975: 18; all subsequent authors.
Phyracaces Emery, 1902c: 23. Type-species: Cerapachys mayri, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Phyracaces in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 10; Arnold, 1915: 17; Forel, 1917: 239.
Phyracaces in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 683.
Phyracaces as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Cysias Emery, 1902c: 24 [as subgenus of Cerapachys]. Type-species: Ooceraea papuana, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cysias in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Cysias as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Cysias as subgenus of Cerapachys: Emery, 1902c: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.
Cysias as junior synonym of Syscia: Emery, 1911d: 10; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Ceratopachys Schulz, W.A. 1906: 155, unjustified emendation of Cerapachys.
Taxonomic history
Ceratopachys as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 755.
Chrysapace Crawley, 1924: 380. Type-species: Chrysapace jacobsoni (junior secondary homonym in Cerapachys, replaced by Cerapachys crawleyi), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Chrysapace in Ponerinae: Crawley, 1924: 380.
Chrysapace in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633.
Chrysapace as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Neophyracaces Clark, 1941: 76. Type-species: Phyracaces clarus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neophyracaces in Cerapachyinae: Clark, 1941: 76.
Neophyracaces as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Yunodorylus Xu, 2000b: 297. Type-species: Yunodorylus sexspinus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Yunodorylus in Dorylinae: Xu, 2000b: 297.
Yunodorylus in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Bolton, 2003: 141, 268.
Yunodorylus as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Bolton, 2003: 141, 268; Borowiec, 2009: 57.
Genus Cerapachys references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 25 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 403, 439, 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 15, 24 (Syscia, Ooceraea diagnoses); André, 1882c: 236 (Europe & Algeria species); Dalla Torre, 1893: 17 (Lioponera, Cerapachys, Parasyscia, Ooceraea, Syscia catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 331 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 27, 28 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Lioponera, Cerapachys species keys); Emery, 1911d: 8 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 9 (C. (Parasyscia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 10 (C. (Ooceraea) & C. (Syscia) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 10 (Phyracaces diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 11 (Lioponera diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 11 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1918a: 239 (Australia Phyracaces species key); Mann, 1921: 408 (Fiji species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 52, 53, 639 (Cerapachys & Phyracaces diagnoses, subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1924d: 224 (Chrysapace, comments); Arnold, 1926: 193 (South Africa species, revised key); Donisthorpe, 1939a: 253 (Lioponera diagnosis); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 17, 21, 22 (Asia Cerapachys, Lioponera, Phyracaces checklists); Wilson, 1959b: 44, 52, 55, 56 (Melanesia, Fiji Is, New Guinea & New Caledonia species keys); Kempf, 1972a: 76 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1975: 18, 26 (diagnosis, keys); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1333 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 16 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Terayama, Kubota, Sakai & Kawazoe, 1988: 35 (Taiwan species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1989: 30 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 142 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 47 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 312 (Saudi Arabia species key); Terayama, 1996: 18 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 60 (Australia synopsis); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 36 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Borowiec, 2009: 46 (C. sexspinus group key); Terayama, 2009: 122 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 126 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 487 species
Fossil:
Strumigenys Smith, F. 1860c: 72. Type-species: Strumigenys mandibularis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 334; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 26 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145.
Strumigenys in Cryptoceridae, Dacetini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1892d: 344; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 133; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Arnold, 1917: 372; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 319; Brown, 1948e: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of STRUMIGENYS
Labidogenys Roger, 1862a: 249. Type-species: Labidogenys lyroessa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as genus: Roger, 1862a: 249; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Bingham, 1903: 147; Emery, 1924d: 320; Brown & Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, 1960b: 38; Bolton, 1983: 358; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946: 294. Type-species: Proscopomyrmex londianensis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Proscopomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Patrizi, 1946: 294 [Dacetonini].
Proscopomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948d: 598. Type-species: Eneria excisa (junior synonym of Strumigenys loriae), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Eneria as genus: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104 (anachronism).
Eneria as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Quadristruma Brown, 1949b: 47. Type-species: Epitritus emmae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Quadristruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1949b: 47; all subsequent authors.
Quadristruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Genus Strumigenys references
Roger, 1863b: 40 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 26 (diagnosis); Forel, 1886a: 216 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 568 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 145 (catalogue); Emery, 1895c: 325 (North America species key); Emery, 1897c: 574 (New Guinea species key); Forel, 1903a: 707 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 147 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 146 (New World species key); Santschi, 1913b: 257 (Afrotropical species key); Arnold, 1917: 373 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Mann, 1921: 467 (Fiji Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 917, 1034 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 319 (diagnosis, catalogue); Brown, 1948e: 108 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brown, 1949d: 21 (Japan, China & Taiwan species key); Creighton, 1950a: 301 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104, 107 (Asia Eneria, Strumigenys (Strumigenys) checklists); Brown, 1954k: 10 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Brown, 1958h: 38 (New Zealand species); Brown, 1962c: 238 (Neotropical species synopsis, key); Kempf, 1972a: 226, 243 (Neotropical Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 19 (Cuba species key); Kempf, 1976b: 43 (additions to Brown, 1962c key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1403, 1409 (North America Strumigenys, Quadristruma catalogues); Bolton, 1983: 358, 400 (Afrotropical Strumigenys, Quadristruma species revisions, keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 85, 87 (Australia Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Taylor, 1987a: 66, 76 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Terayama & Kubota, 1989: 780 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 380 (Neotropical catalogue); Arakelian & Dlussky, 1991: 150 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 63 (Japan species key); Dlussky, 1993: 53 (Fiji Is, Tonga and Samoa species key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 377, 395 (catalogue); Gronenberg, 1996: 2021 (mandible morphology); Lin & Wu, 1996: 139 (Taiwan species key); Lattke & Goitía, 1997: 370 (Venezuela species key); Shattuck, 1999: 160, 167 (Australia synopsis); Bolton, 1999: 1657, 1673 (morphology, diagnosis, review of genus, phylogeny); Bolton, 2000: 496, 583, 716, 942 (Neotropical-Nearctic, Afrotropical, Malesian-Oriental-East Palaearctic, Austral species revisions, keys); Fisher, 2000: 614 (Malagasy species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 78 (China, Guangxi species key); Lin & Wu, 2001: 166 (Taiwan species key); Zhou & Xu, 2003: 737 (China species key); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2007: 676 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009: 142 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma TRUE TRUE FALSE27 species
Lordomyrma Emery, 1897c: 591. Type-species: Lordomyrma furcifera, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Podomyrma caledonica, incorrect subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1919f: 98.]
Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini: Emery, 1912b: 105; Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 238 [subtribe Podomyrmini]; all subsequent authors to those below; Kugler, C. 1994: 25.
Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16.
Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of LORDOMYRMA
Promeranoplus Emery, 1914f: 412. Type-species: Promeranoplus rouxi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Promeranoplus in Myrmicinae, Meranoplini: Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 225; Wheeler, W.M. 1934a: 176; Wheeler, W.M. 1935a: 6 (in key); all subsequent authors to the following.
Promeranoplus in Myrmicinae, Calyptomyrmecini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Promeranoplus as junior synonym of Lordomyrma: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14; Bolton, 1994: 106; Taylor, 2009: 17.
Prodicroaspis Emery, 1914f: 414. Type-species: Prodicroaspis sarasini, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Prodicroaspis in Myrmicinae, Meranoplini: Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 223; Wheeler, W.M. 1934a: 176; Wheeler, W.M. 1935a: 6 (in key); all subsequent authors to the following.
Prodicroaspis in Myrmicinae, Calyptomyrmecini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Prodicroaspis as junior synonym of Lordomyrma: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14; Bolton, 1994: 106; Taylor, 2009: 16.
Genus Lordomyrma references
Wheeler, W.M. 1919f: 98 (diagnosis, all species key); Emery, 1924d: 223 (Prodicroaspis diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 223 (Promeranoplus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 238 (diagnosis, catalogue); Donisthorpe, 1941a: 37 (all species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 116 (Asia checklist); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 65 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 37, 65, 66 (Australia, New Caledonia checklists); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 248 (catalogue); Kugler, C. 1997: 193 (sting structure); Shattuck, 1999: 137 (Australia synopsis); Sarnat, 2006: 13 (Fiji Is species, key); Taylor, 2009: 16 (notes on synonyms).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 970 species, 142 subspecies
Fossil: 4 species
Pheidole Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Atta providens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidole in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 172.
Pheidole in Attidae: Smith, F. 1860a: 74; Smith, F. 1862a: 49.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 331; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 69 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 463 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 88.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 127; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 64; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kempf, 1972a: 183 (anachronism).
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Arnold, 1920a: 414; Emery, 1921f: 77; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors except Kempf, 1972a: 183, above.
Junior synonyms of PHEIDOLE
Oecophthora Heer, 1852: 15. Type-species: Oecophthora pusilla (junior synonym of Formica megacephala), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Oecophthora in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 453 [Myrmicidae].
Oecophthora as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, F. 1858a: 282; Smith, F. 1858b: 172; Roger, 1863b: 30.
Ischnomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 738. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 461; Bingham, 1903: 270.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1891b: 166; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98; Forel, 1899c: 59; Emery, 1908c: 313; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1902h: 439; Forel, 1903a: 693.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 49.
Ischnomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1862: 738; Emery, 1914a: 40; Viehmeyer, 1914d: 601; Forel, 1917: 241; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Emery, 1922e: 113. Stitz, 1911a: 367; Kusnezov, 1952b: 10 (in key).
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Leptomyrma Motschoulsky, 1863: 17. Type-species: Leptomyrma gracilipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Leptomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 329.
Leptomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1892b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Pheidolacanthinus Smith, F. 1865: 75. Type-species: Pheidolacanthinus armatus (junior synonym of Myrmica quadrispinosa), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 333.
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Pheidolacanthinus as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Pheidolacanthinus as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Ceratopheidole Pergande, 1896: 889 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) granulata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ceratopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ceratopheidole as genus: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 104 (anachronism).
Ceratopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Pergande, 1896: 889; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Ceratopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Epipheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1903f: 664. Type-species: Epipheidole inquilina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Epipheidole also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 14.]
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 114; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Creighton, 1950a: 192.
Epipheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Cole, 1965: 174; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Phidole Bingham, 1903: 220, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Wheeler, 1922a: 806.
Sympheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 7. Type-species: Sympheidole elecebra, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors to the following.
Sympheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Phidola Schulz, W.A. 1906: 155, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidola as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365.
Allopheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole kingi (junior synonym of Pheidole tepicana), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79.
Taxonomic history
Allopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237; Forel, 1917: 241.
Allopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Decapheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole perpusilla, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Decapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661.
Decapheidole as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Borgmeier, 1927c: 78.
Decapheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237, Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Decapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Isopheidole Forel, 1912m: 765 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isopheidole as junior synonym of Ischnomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1913k: 49; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680 (in key). [Ischnomyrmex and Isopheidole share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Elasmopheidole Forel, 1913k: 43 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole aberrans, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1915i: 190.
Taxonomic history
Elasmopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 43; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 110; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Elasmopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Cardiopheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole vaslitii, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cardiopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48; Forel, 1917: 241.
Cardiopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Anergatides Wasmann, 1915b: 281. Type-species: Anergatides kohli (junior secondary homonym in Pheidole, replaced by Pheidole neokohli), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 243 [subtribe Anergatini]; Emery, 1922e: 116 [subtribe Anergatidini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623.
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).
Anergatides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 328; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Parapheidole Emery, 1915d: 68. Type-species: Aphaenogaster oculata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Parapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Parapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Macropheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole fimbriata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Macropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Macropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 800; Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Scrobopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole scrobifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Scrobopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Scrobopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Stegopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) upeneci, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stegopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1921f: 83; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Stegopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Trachypheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole bicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachypheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Trachypheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Electropheidole Mann, 1921: 438 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Electropheidole) roosevelti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 642.
Taxonomic history
Electropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Mann, 1921: 438; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 672; all subsequent authors to the following.
Electropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Bruchomyrma Santschi, 1922d: 248. Type-species: Bruchomyrma acutidens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 42.
Bruchomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Bolton, 1994: 106; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Bruchomyrma as genus: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Cephalomorium Forel, 1922: 91 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Cephalomorium) bahai, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cephalomorium as junior synonym of Hendecapheidole: Santschi, 1925d: 228.
Hendecapheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1922d: 3 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole tachigaliae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hendecapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma Bruch, 1932: 271. Type-species: Gallardomyrma argentina, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646.
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 110.
Gallardomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 110; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Conothoracoides Strand, 1935: 176.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Conothorax Karavaiev; junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothoracoides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Homonym replaced by Conothoracoides
Conothorax Karavaiev, 1935a: 75. Type-species: Conothorax bilobum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Conothorax Karavaiev junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothorax in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Karavaiev, 1935a: 75.
Eriopheidole Kusnezov, 1952a: 10. Type-species: Eriopheidole symbiotica (unresolved junior secondary homonym in Pheidole), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Kusnezov, 1952a: 10.
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 107.
Eriopheidole junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Eriopheidole as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 107; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Xenoaphaenogaster Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 50. Type-species: Xenoaphaenogaster inquilina (junior synonym of Myrmica pallidula), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional].
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Pheidole: Bolton, 1987: 291.
Genus Pheidole references
Smith, F. 1858b: 172 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 70 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 27, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 440 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 18, 22 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 92, 96 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1870b: 977, 979 (Australia & New World species keys); Mayr, 1876: 102 (Australia species key); André, 1883b: 382 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1879: 674 (Asia species key); Mayr, 1887: 582 (New World species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A., catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 75 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 88, 98 (Pheidole, Pheidolacanthinus catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 288 (North America species key); Mayr, 1896: 241 (Africa species, partial key); Emery, 1896g: 80 (P. flavens group, key); Forel, 1902c: 165 (India species key); Forel, 1902f: 523 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 223 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 133 (Puerto Rico species key); Arnold, 1920a: 414 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1921f: 78 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 81 (P. (Macropheidole) & P. (Pheidolacanthinus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1921f: 83 (P. (Stegopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Mann, 1921: 442 (Fiji Is species key); Emery, 1922e: 110 (P. (Elasmopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 111 (P. (Trachypheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 112 (P. (Scrobopheidole), P. (Decapheidole) & P. (Ceratopheidole) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 113 (Ischnomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 114 (Epipheidole diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 115 (Sympheidole, Parapheidole diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 116 (Anergatides diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 126, 672 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 806, 879 (Afrotropical Pheidole, Anergatides catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1017, 1021 (Malagasy Pheidole, Parapheidole catalogues); Gallardo, 1932c: 179 (Argentina Elasmopheidole species key); Finzi, 1936: 165 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 298 (Himalaya species key); Cole, 1942: 362 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Buren, 1944a: 285 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 163 (North America species key); Creighton, 1950a: 192, 194 (North America Epipheidole, Sympheidole species); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135, 137 (Asia Ceratopheidole, Conothorax, Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole checklists); Kusnezov, 1952b: 61 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1955c: 302 (P. (Hendecapheidole) species key); Gregg, 1959: 9 (U.S.A. species key); Gregg, 1963: 407 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 126 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 149 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Gregg, 1969: 95 (addition to Gregg, 1959 U.S.A. key); Kempf, 1972a: 183 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 11 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 441 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Ogata, 1982: 191 (Japan species key); Collingwood, 1985: 253 (Saudi Arabia species key); Naves, 1985: 54 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 74 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 41 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 53 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 271 (Balkans species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 15 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 123 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 368 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 22 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 345 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 316 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 99 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 322 (Saudi Arabia species key); Park & Kim, 2000: 109 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 152 (Australia synopsis); Eguchi, 1999: 103 (Borneo P. longipes group, key); Ward, 2000: 96 (U.S.A. P. hyatti complex, key); Zhou, 2001b: 121 (China, Guangxi species key); Eguchi, 2001b: 10 (Borneo species key); ; Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 149 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key)Wilson, 2003: 27 (New World, all species revision, keys); Sarnat, 2008: 8 (Fiji Is P. roosevelti group, key); Eguchi, 2008: 8 (North Vietnam species key); Terayama, 2009: 171 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 169 (south-western Australia species key); Sarnat & Moreau, 2011: 114 (P. roosevelti group phylogeny and radiation).
Genera incertae sedis in Pheidolini
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex hirsutus TRUE TRUE FALSEhirsutus. Adelomyrmex (Arctomyrmex) hirsutus Mann, 1921: 458, fig. 21 (w.). FIJI IS. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 18.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bryani TRUE TRUE FALSEbryani. Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani Santschi, 1928c: 72, fig. 2 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in C. (Colobopsis): Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 423.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cristatus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
cristatus. Camponotus cristatus Mayr, 1866a: 489, fig. 3 (w.) FIJI IS. Mann, 1921: 479 (s.q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmogonia): Forel, 1912i: 92. Current subspecies: nominal plus nagasau, sadinus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus dentatus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
dentatus. Colobopsis dentata Mayr, 1866a: 492, fig. 5 (w.) FIJI IS. Mann, 1921: 491 (s.q.m.). Combination in Camponotus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 228; in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 258; in C. (Colobopsis): Mann, 1921: 491. Current subspecies: nominal plus fijianus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus laminatus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
laminatus. Camponotus laminatus Mayr, 1866a: 489, fig. 4 (w.) FIJI IS. Mann, 1921: 477 (s.q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmogonia): Forel, 1912i: 92. Current subspecies: nominal plus levuanus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lauensis TRUE TRUE FALSElauensis. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) lauensis Mann, 1921: 488, fig. 35 (w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus maafui TRUE TRUE FALSEmaafui. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) maafui Mann, 1921: 482, fig. 31 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus manni TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
manni. Camponotus (Colobopsis) manni Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 418, fig. 4 (w.) FIJI IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus umbratilis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus maudella TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
maudella. Camponotus (Colobopsis) maudella Mann, 1921: 496, fig. 38 (s.w.q.m.) FIJI IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus seemanni.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus oceanicus TRUE TRUE FALSEoceanicus. Colobopsis oceanica Mayr, 1870b: 943 (q.) FIJI IS. Combination in Camponotus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 245; in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C.(Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 258; in C. (Colobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 146.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rotumanus TRUE TRUE FALSErotumanus. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) rotumanus Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 98, fig. 82 (w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus schmeltzi TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
schmeltzi. Camponotus schmeltzi Mayr, 1866a: 490 (w.) FIJI IS. Mann, 1921: 484 (s.). Combination in C. (Myrmogonia): Forel, 1912i: 92. Current subspecies: nominal plus kadi, loloma, trotteri.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Camponotus (Colobopsis) vitiensis Mann, 1921: 490, fig. 36 (w.) FIJI IS. Donisthorpe, 1946b: 69 (s.q.m.).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus manni umbratilis TRUE TRUE FALSEumbratilis. Camponotus (Colobopsis) manni subsp. umbratilis Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 420, fig. 4 (w.m.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus schmeltzi trotteri TRUE TRUE FALSEtrotteri. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) schmeltzii subsp. trotteri Mann, 1921: 486, fig. 34 (w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus maudella seemanni TRUE TRUE FALSEseemanni. Camponotus (Colobopsis) maudella var. seemanni Mann, 1921: 498 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cristatus sadinus TRUE TRUE FALSEsadinus. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) cristatus subsp. sadina Mann, 1921: 482 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus schmeltzi kadi TRUE TRUE FALSEkadi. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) schmeltzii var. kadi Mann, 1921: 485 (s.w.m.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus laminatus levuanus TRUE TRUE FALSElevuanus. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) laminatus var. levuanus Mann, 1921: 479 (w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus schmeltzi loloma TRUE TRUE FALSEloloma. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) schmeltzii var. loloma Mann, 1921: 486, fig. 33 (w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cristatus nagasau TRUE TRUE FALSEnagasau. Camponotus (Myrmogonia) cristatus var. nagasau Mann, 1921: 482 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Cardiocondyla nuda TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
nuda. Leptothorax nudus Mayr, 1866a: 508 (w.) FIJI IS. Emery, 1897c: 588 (q. ergatoid m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973a: 27 (l.); Imai, et al. 1984: 6 (k.). Combination in Cardiocondyla: Forel, 1881: 6. Current subspecies: nominal plus sculptinodis. See also: Seifert, 2003a: 245.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys cryptus TRUE TRUE FALSEcryptus. Cerapachys (Syscia) cryptus Mann, 1921: 408, fig. 1 (w.q.) FIJI IS. Wheeler, G.C. 1950: 105 (l.).
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys fuscior TRUE TRUE FALSEfuscior. Cerapachys (Syscia) cryptus subsp. fuscior Mann, 1921: 410 (w.) FIJI IS. Raised to species: Wilson, 1959b: 55.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys lindrothi TRUE TRUE FALSElindrothi. Cerapachys (Cerapachys) lindrothi Wilson, 1959b: 52 (w.q.) FIJI IS.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys majusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEmajusculus. Cerapachys (Cerapachys) majusculus Mann, 1921: 408 (w.) FIJI IS.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys sculpturatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsculpturatus. Cerapachys (Cerapachys) vitiensis subsp. sculpturatus Mann, 1921: 407 (w.) FIJI IS. Raised to species: Wilson, 1959b: 53.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Cerapachys (Cerapachys) vitiensis Mann, 1921: 406 (w.) FIJI IS.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys zimmermani TRUE TRUE FALSEzimmermani. Cerapachys (Cerapachys) zimmermani Wilson, 1959b: 54 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix insidiatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEinsidiatrix. Eurhopalothix insidiatrix Taylor, 1980b: 238, figs. 11-14 (w.q.) FIJI IS.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys aterrima TRUE TRUE FALSEaterrima. Wheeleripone aterrima Mann, 1921: 411, fig. 2 (w.q.m.) FIJI IS. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227. See also: Lattke, 2004: 60.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera monticola TRUE TRUE FALSEmonticola. Ponera monticola Mann, 1921: 418, fig. 5 (w.) FIJI IS. Santschi, 1928c: 67 (q.). Combination in Hypoponera: Taylor, 1967a: 12.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera turaga TRUE TRUE FALSEturaga. Ponera turaga Mann, 1921: 416 (w.q.) FIJI IS. Combination in Hypoponera: Dlussky, 1994: 53 (in list); Bolton, 1995b: 216.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Ponera vitiensis Mann, 1921: 414, fig. 4 (w.q.) FIJI IS. Combination in Hypoponera: Bolton, 1995b: 216. Given as junior synonym of confinis by Dlussky, 1994: 53 (in list only); unconfirmed.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys foveopunctata TRUE TRUE FALSEfoveopunctata. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) foveopunctata Mann, 1921: 421 (w.) FIJI IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys fugax TRUE TRUE FALSEfugax. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) fugax Mann, 1921: 422, fig. 7 (w.) FIJI IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys humiliata TRUE TRUE FALSEhumiliata. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) humiliata Mann, 1921: 421 (w.) FIJI IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys letilae TRUE TRUE FALSEletilae. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) letilae Mann, 1921: 419, fig. 6 (w.q.m.) FIJI IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys navua TRUE TRUE FALSEnavua. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) navua Mann, 1921: 423, figs. 8, 9 (w.m.) FIJI IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) vitiensis Mann, 1921: 424, fig. 10 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma curvata TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvata. Lordomyrma curvata Sarnat, 2006: 15, figs. 2, 3 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma desupra TRUE TRUE FALSEdesupra. Lordomyrma desupra Sarnat, 2006: 17, figs. 4, 5 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma levifrons TRUE TRUE FALSElevifrons. Rogeria (Irogera) tortuosa subsp. levifrons Mann, 1921: 453 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26. Raised to species: Sarnat, 2006: 20.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma polita TRUE TRUE FALSEpolita. Rogeria (Irogera) tortuosa subsp. polita Mann, 1921: 453 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26. Raised to species: Sarnat, 2006: 21.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma rugosa TRUE TRUE FALSErugosa. Rogeria (Irogera) rugosa Mann, 1921: 455, fig. 20 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26. See also: Sarnat, 2006: 23.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma stoneri TRUE TRUE FALSEstoneri. Rogeria (Irogera) tortuosa subsp. stoneri Mann, 1925b: 5 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26. Raised to species: Sarnat, 2006: 25.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma striatella TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatella. Rogeria (Irogera) striatella Mann, 1921: 454, fig. 19 (w.m.) FIJI IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26. See also: Sarnat, 2006: 27.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma sukuna TRUE TRUE FALSEsukuna. Lordomyrma sukuna Sarnat, 2006: 29, figs. 16, 17 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma tortuosa TRUE TRUE FALSEtortuosa. Rogeria (Irogera) tortuosa Mann, 1921: 452, fig. 18 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26. See also: Sarnat, 2006: 33.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma vanua TRUE TRUE FALSEvanua. Lordomyrma vanua Lucky & Sarnat, 2008: 42, figs. 1, 4, 5 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma vuda TRUE TRUE FALSEvuda. Lordomyrma vuda Sarnat, 2006: 34, figs. 20, 21 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium vitiense TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiense. Monomorium (Monomorium) vitiensis Mann, 1921: 444 (w.) FIJI IS. Given as junior synonym of talpa by Dlussky, 1994: 54 (in list only); unconfirmed.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Myrmecina cacabau TRUE TRUE FALSEcacabau. Archaeomyrmex cacabau Mann, 1921: 449, fig. 17 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Myrmecina: Brown, 1971a: 1. See also: Taylor, 1980d: 122.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) vitiensis Mann, 1921: 474, fig. 28 (w.m.) FIJI IS. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 221; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Given as junior synonym of vaga by Dlussky, 1994: 55 (in list only); unconfirmed.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Ochetellus sororis TRUE TRUE FALSEsororis. Iridomyrmex sororis Mann, 1921: 469, fig. 26 (w.q.m.) FIJI IS. Combination in Ochetellus: Shattuck, 1992a: 17.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus angulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEangulatus. Odontomachus angulatus Mayr, 1866a: 500, pl., fig. 10 (w.) FIJI IS. Mann, 1921: 427 (q.). Senior synonym of politus: Brown, 1976a: 102. See also: Brown, 1976a: 124.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus simillimus TRUE TRUE FALSEsimillimus. Odontomachus simillimus Smith, F. 1858b: 80, pl. 5, figs. 8, 9 (q.) FIJI IS. Mayr, 1867a: 79 (w.); Karavaiev, 1925c: 294 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1980: 530 (l.); Imai, Brown, et al. 1984: 67 (k.); Tjan, Imai, et al. 1986: 57 (k.). Junior synonym of haematodus: Roger, 1861a: 24; Mayr, 1865: 64; Emery, 1911d: 114. Revived from synonymy: Wilson, 1959a: 499; Brown, 1976a: 106. Senior synonym of fuscipennis: Wilson, 1959a: 499; of breviceps, pallidicornis: Brown, 1976a: 106. See also: Brown, 1976a: 165; Fisher & Smith, 2008: 15; Sorger & Zettel, 2011: 158.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Paraparatrechina oceanica TRUE TRUE FALSEoceanica. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) oceanica Mann, 1921: 476 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 221; in Paraparatrechina: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 128.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bula TRUE TRUE FALSEbula. Pheidole bula Sarnat, 2008: 12, figs. 32-34, 53-55, 74-76 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole caldwelli TRUE TRUE FALSEcaldwelli. Pheidole caldwelli Mann, 1921: 434, fig. 14 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole colaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcolaensis. Pheidole (Electropheidole) colaensis Mann, 1921: 441 (s.w.) FIJI IS. Sarnat, 2008: 17 (q.).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole furcata TRUE TRUE FALSEfurcata. Pheidole furcata Sarnat, 2008: 19, figs. 38-40, 59-61, 80-82 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole knowlesi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
knowlesi. Pheidole knowlesi Mann, 1921: 436, fig. 13 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus extensa.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole oceanica TRUE TRUE FALSEoceanica. Pheidole oceanica Mayr, 1866a: 510 (s.w.q.m.) FIJI IS. Senior synonym of boraborensis, pattesoni, upoluana: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 48.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole onifera TRUE TRUE FALSEonifera. Pheidole onifera Mann, 1921: 427, fig. 12 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pegasus TRUE TRUE FALSEpegasus. Pheidole pegasus Sarnat, 2008: 21, figs. 41-43, 62-64, 83-85 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole roosevelti TRUE TRUE FALSEroosevelti. Pheidole (Electropheidole) roosevelti Mann, 1921: 438, fig. 15 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS. See also: Sarnat, 2008: 22.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole simplispinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEsimplispinosa. Pheidole simplispinosa Sarnat, 2008: 26, figs. 47-49, 68-70, 89-91 (s.w.q.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole uncagena TRUE TRUE FALSEuncagena. Pheidole uncagena Sarnat, 2008: 28, figs. 50-52, 71-73 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vatu TRUE TRUE FALSEvatu. Pheidole vatu Mann, 1921: 431, fig. 13 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole wilsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEwilsoni. Pheidole wilsoni Mann, 1921: 433 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole knowlesi extensa TRUE TRUE FALSEextensa. Pheidole knowlesi subsp. extensa Mann, 1921: 438 (s.w.) FIJI IS.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Philidris nagasau TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
nagasau. Iridomyrmex nagasau Mann, 1921: 470, fig. 27 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Philidris: Shattuck, 1992a: 18. Current subspecies: nominal plus agnata, alticola.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Philidris nagasau alticola TRUE TRUE FALSEalticola. Iridomyrmex nagasau subsp. alticola Mann, 1921: 472 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Philidris: Shattuck, 1992a: 18.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Philidris nagasau agnata TRUE TRUE FALSEagnata. Iridomyrmex nagasau subsp. agnatus Mann, 1921: 472 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Philidris: Shattuck, 1992a: 18.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Poecilomyrma senirewae TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
senirewae. Poecilomyrma senirewae Mann, 1921: 446, fig. 16 (w.) FIJI IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus myrmecodiae.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Poecilomyrma senirewae myrmecodiae TRUE TRUE FALSEmyrmecodiae. Poecilomyrma senirewae subsp. myrmecodiae Mann, 1921: 448 (w.) FIJI IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis rotumana TRUE TRUE FALSErotumana. Polyrhachis (Chariomyrma) rotumana Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 99, fig. 83 (w.) FIJI IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera colaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcolaensis. Ponera colaensis Mann, 1921: 417 (w.) FIJI IS. Santschi, 1928c: 68 (q.). See also: Taylor, 1967a: 58.
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Ponera manni Taylor, 1967a: 86, figs. 76, 77 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Pristomyrmex mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Pristomyrmex mandibularis Mann, 1921: 444 (w.) FIJI IS. See also: Wang, M. 2003: 505.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium oceanicum TRUE TRUE FALSEoceanicum. Proceratium oceanicum De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 310, fig. 127 (w.) FIJI IS.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium relictum TRUE TRUE FALSErelictum. Proceratium relictum Mann, 1921: 413, fig. 3 (w.q.) FIJI IS. See also: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 306.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica trauma TRUE TRUE FALSEtrauma. Pyramica trauma Bolton, 2000: 408 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Romblonella vitiensis Smith, M.R. 1953a: 79 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella scrobifera liogaster TRUE TRUE FALSEliogaster. Tetramorium scrobiferum var. liogaster Santschi, 1928c: 69 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Romblonella: Bolton, 1995b: 382.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys basiliska TRUE TRUE FALSEbasiliska. Strumigenys basiliska Bolton, 2000: 750 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys chernovi TRUE TRUE FALSEchernovi. Strumigenys chernovi Dlussky, 1993: 57, figs. 2, 3 (w.q.) FIJI IS. See also: Bolton, 2000: 805.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys daithma TRUE TRUE FALSEdaithma. Strumigenys daithma Bolton, 2000: 756 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys ekasura TRUE TRUE FALSEekasura. Strumigenys ekasura Bolton, 2000: 807 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys frivola TRUE TRUE FALSEfrivola. Strumigenys frivola Bolton, 2000: 817 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys jepsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEjepsoni. Strumigenys jepsoni Mann, 1921: 462, fig. 22 (w.) FIJI IS. See also: Bolton, 2000: 809.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys nidifex TRUE TRUE FALSEnidifex. Strumigenys nidifex Mann, 1921: 464, fig. 23 (w.q.m.) FIJI IS. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 140 (l.). See also: Brown, 1971c: 81; Bolton, 2000: 905.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys panaulax TRUE TRUE FALSEpanaulax. Strumigenys panaulax Bolton, 2000: 811 (w.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys praefecta TRUE TRUE FALSEpraefecta. Strumigenys praefecta Bolton, 2000: 826 (w.q.) FIJI IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys scelesta TRUE TRUE FALSEscelesta. Strumigenys scelestus Mann, 1921: 463, fig. 22 (w.) FIJI IS. See also: Bolton, 2000: 812.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys sulcata TRUE TRUE FALSEsulcata. Strumigenys sulcata Bolton, 2000: 828 (w.q.) FIJI IS.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Technomyrmex vitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitiensis. Technomyrmex albipes var. vitiensis Mann, 1921: 473 (w.) FIJI IS. Santschi, 1928a: 52 (m.). Junior synonym of albipes: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 82. Revived from synonymy, raised to species and senior synonym of rufescens: Bolton, 2007a: 104.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus reticulatus fullawayi TRUE TRUE FALSEfullawayi. Camponotus reticulatus subsp. fullawayi Wheeler, W.M. 1912a: 47 (s.w.) GUAM.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole recondita TRUE TRUE FALSErecondita. Pheidole recondita Clouse, 2007a: 10, pl. 4 (s.w.) GUAM I. [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 197, 242.]
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole recondita TRUE TRUE FALSErecondita. Pheidole recondita Clouse, 2007a: 10, pl. 4 (s.w.) GUAM I. [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 197, 242.]
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone zwaluwenburgi TRUE TRUE FALSEzwaluwenburgi. Stigmatomma (Fulakora) zwaluwenburgi Williams, 1946: 639 (w.) HAWAII. Combination in Amblyopone: Brown, 1960a: 169.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Cardiocondyla minutior TRUE TRUE FALSEminutior. Cardiocondyla nuda var. minutior Forel, 1899a: 120 (w.) HAWAII. Wheeler, W.M. 1922f: 317 (q.); Heinze, 1999: 251 (polymorphic m.). Subspecies of nuda: Smith, M.R. 1944a: 38. Creighton, 1950a: 198. Junior synonym of nuda: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 55. Revived from synonymy: Heinze, 1999: 251. Senior synonym of tsukuyomi: Seifert, 2003a: 283.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera zwaluwenburgi TRUE TRUE FALSEzwaluwenburgi. Pseudocryptopone zwaluwenburgi Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 14, fig. 5 (w.) HAWAII. Combination in Ponera: Wilson, 1957b: 375; in Hypoponera: Taylor, 1967a: 12.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium liliuokalanii TRUE TRUE FALSEliliuokalanii. Monomorium minutum var. liliuokalanii Forel, 1899a: 119 (w.) HAWAII. Subspecies of minutum: Forel, 1909d: 225. Junior synonym of minutum: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 67. Revived from synonymy, raised to species and senior synonym of samoanum: Bolton, 1987: 288.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia sharpii TRUE TRUE FALSEsharpii. Prenolepis sharpii Forel, 1899a: 121, fig. 1 (w.q.m.) HAWAII. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 221; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera swezeyi TRUE TRUE FALSEswezeyi. Pseudocryptopone swezeyi Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 16, fig. 6 (w.q.) HAWAII. Combination in Ponera: Wilson, 1957b: 370. See also: Taylor, 1967a: 85.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella townesi TRUE TRUE FALSEtownesi. Romblonella townesi Smith, M.R. 1953a: 80 (w.) MARIANAS IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica mumfordi TRUE TRUE FALSEmumfordi. Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) inezi subsp. mumfordi Wheeler, W.M. 1932c: 160 (w.) FRENCH POLYNESIA (Marquesas Is). Combination in Smithistruma: Brown, 1948e: 105; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Raised to species: Brown, 1953g: 124. See also: Brown, 1964a: 195; Bolton, 2000: 401.
Dolichoderinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 28 genera, 692 species, 130 subspecies
Fossil: 16 genera, 103 species
Dolichoderidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Dolichoderus.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 127 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Dolichoderinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 18, 80.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.
Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.
Subfamily Dolichoderinae and tribes references, world
Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).
Formicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 49 genera, 2,831 species, 839 subspecies
Fossil: 29 genera, 193 species, 1 subspecies
Formicariae Latreille, 1809: 124. Type-genus: Formica.
Taxonomic history
Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].
Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Formicinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 20, 93.
Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Formicinae as formicoid formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).
Subfamily Formicinae references, world
Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 141 genera, 6,087 species, 864 subspecies
Fossil: 31 genera, 130 species
Myrmicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169. Type-genus: Myrmica.
Taxonomic history
Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].
Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Myrmicidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Myrmicinae as myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 52, 182.
Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.
Myrmicinae as formicoid myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.
Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.
Collective group name in Myrmicinae: †Myrmicites.
Subfamily Myrmicinae references, world
Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).
Ponerinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 27 genera, 1,033 species, 155 subspecies
Fossil: 9 genera, 68 species, 2 subspecies
Ponerites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185. Type-genus: Ponera.
Taxonomic history
Ponerinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185 [Ponérites].
Ponerinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1858b: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894g: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895j: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899c: 2; Emery, 1901a: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134; Emery, 1911d: 2; Wheeler, 1915g: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.
Ponerinae as poneromorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 42, 156.
Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette, Fisher, et al. 2006: 365; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ponerinae: Platythyreini, Ponerini, Thaumatomyrmecini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Ponerinae: †Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia.
Subfamily Ponerinae references, world
Smith, F. 1858b: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses), Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911d: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi, Agosti & Carpenter, 1997: 20 (†Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette, Fisher et al. 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
.
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 170 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882b: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900c: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918b: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972a: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csösz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 256 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus eperiamorum TRUE TRUE FALSEeperiamorum. Camponotus eperiamorum Clouse, 2007a: 3, pl. 1A-C (w.q.m.) MICRONESIA (Pohnpei I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 202, 213.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus erythrocephalus TRUE TRUE FALSEerythrocephalus. Camponotus erythrocephalus Clouse, 2007a: 6, pl. 1D-F (w.) MICRONESIA (Yap I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 201, 214.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus marianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmarianensis. Camponotus marianensis Clouse, 2007a: 7, pl. 2D-F, 3A (w.) MICRONESIA (Yap I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 201, 214.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus irritans melanogaster TRUE TRUE FALSEmelanogaster. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) irritans var. melanogaster Stitz, 1938: 114 (q.) MICRONESIA (Caroline Is).
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Pristomyrmex largus TRUE TRUE FALSElargus. Pristomyrmex largus Wang, M. 2003: 497, figs. 213-214 (w.q.) MICRONESIA (Ponape I.).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella yapensis TRUE TRUE FALSEyapensis. Romblonella yapensis Smith, M.R. 1953a: 78 (w.) MICRONESIA (Caroline Is).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia kaselela TRUE TRUE FALSEkaselela. Vollenhovia kaselela Clouse, 2007a: 13, pl. 5 (w.) MICRONESIA (Pohnpei I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 192, 234.]
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia mwereka TRUE TRUE FALSEmwereka. Vollenhovia mwereka Clouse, 2007a: 15, pl. 6A-C (w.) MICRONESIA (Pohnpei I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 192, 234.]
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia pwidikidika TRUE TRUE FALSEpwidikidika. Vollenhovia pwidikidika Clouse, 2007a: 17, pl. 6D-F (w.) MICRONESIA (Pohnpei I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 192, 225.]
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera bableti TRUE TRUE FALSEbableti. Ponera bableti Perrault, 1993: 334 (w.) FRENCH POLYNESIA (Mururoa I.).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus flavicomans TRUE TRUE FALSEflavicomans. Camponotus flavicomans Clouse, 2007a: 6, pl. 2A-C (w.) PALAU I. [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 201, 214.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus peleliuensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpeleliuensis. Camponotus peleliuensis Clouse, 2007a: 9, pl. 3B-D (w.) PALAU (Peleliu I.). [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 201, 214.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus irritans kubaryi TRUE TRUE FALSEkubaryi. Camponotus kubaryi Mayr, 1876: 66 (s.w.) PALAU IS. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 94. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 370. Currently subspecies of irritans: Emery, 1920c: 7; Karavaiev, 1929c: 236.
Leptanillinae Leptanillini Leptanilla palauensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalauensis. Probolomyrmex palauensis Smith, M.R. 1953c: 128, figs. 1, 2 (m.) PALAU IS. Combination in Leptanilla: Taylor, 1965d: 363. See also: Petersen, 1968: 596.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Pristomyrmex minusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEminusculus. Pristomyrmex minusculus Wang, M. 2003: 507, figs. 229-232 (w.q.) PALAU IS (Peleliu I.).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella palauensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalauensis. Romblonella palauensis Smith, M.R. 1953f: 164 (w.m.) PALAU IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys stemonixys TRUE TRUE FALSEstemonixys. Strumigenys stemonixys Brown, 1971c: 81, figs. 2, 4 (w.) PALAU IS. See also: Bolton, 2000: 906.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus flavicomans TRUE TRUE FALSEflavicomans. Camponotus flavicomans Clouse, 2007a: 6, pl. 2A-C (w.) PALAU I. [Also described as new by Clouse, 2007b: 201, 214.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus irritans kubaryi TRUE TRUE FALSEkubaryi. Camponotus kubaryi Mayr, 1876: 66 (s.w.) PALAU IS. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 94. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 370. Currently subspecies of irritans: Emery, 1920c: 7; Karavaiev, 1929c: 236.
Leptanillinae Leptanillini Leptanilla palauensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalauensis. Probolomyrmex palauensis Smith, M.R. 1953c: 128, figs. 1, 2 (m.) PALAU IS. Combination in Leptanilla: Taylor, 1965d: 363. See also: Petersen, 1968: 596.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Pristomyrmex minusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEminusculus. Pristomyrmex minusculus Wang, M. 2003: 507, figs. 229-232 (w.q.) PALAU IS (Peleliu I.).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella palauensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalauensis. Romblonella palauensis Smith, M.R. 1953f: 164 (w.m.) PALAU IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys stemonixys TRUE TRUE FALSEstemonixys. Strumigenys stemonixys Brown, 1971c: 81, figs. 2, 4 (w.) PALAU IS. See also: Bolton, 2000: 906.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus irritans kubaryi TRUE TRUE FALSEkubaryi. Camponotus kubaryi Mayr, 1876: 66 (s.w.) PALAU IS. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 94. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 370. Currently subspecies of irritans: Emery, 1920c: 7; Karavaiev, 1929c: 236.
Leptanillinae Leptanillini Leptanilla palauensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalauensis. Probolomyrmex palauensis Smith, M.R. 1953c: 128, figs. 1, 2 (m.) PALAU IS. Combination in Leptanilla: Taylor, 1965d: 363. See also: Petersen, 1968: 596.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Pristomyrmex minusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEminusculus. Pristomyrmex minusculus Wang, M. 2003: 507, figs. 229-232 (w.q.) PALAU IS (Peleliu I.).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella palauensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalauensis. Romblonella palauensis Smith, M.R. 1953f: 164 (w.m.) PALAU IS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys stemonixys TRUE TRUE FALSEstemonixys. Strumigenys stemonixys Brown, 1971c: 81, figs. 2, 4 (w.) PALAU IS. See also: Bolton, 2000: 906.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia cristata TRUE TRUE FALSEcristata. Aratromyrmex cristatus Stitz, 1938: 108 (q.) PHILIPPINES (Palawan I.). Combination in Vollenhovia: Baroni Urbani, 1980a: 95.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia luctuosa major TRUE TRUE FALSEmajor. Aratromyrmex luctuosus var. major Stitz, 1938: 108 (q.) PHILIPPINES (Palawan I.). Combination in Vollenhovia: Baroni Urbani, 1980a: 95.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 487 species
Fossil:
Strumigenys Smith, F. 1860c: 72. Type-species: Strumigenys mandibularis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 334; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 26 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145.
Strumigenys in Cryptoceridae, Dacetini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1892d: 344; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 133; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Arnold, 1917: 372; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 319; Brown, 1948e: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of STRUMIGENYS
Labidogenys Roger, 1862a: 249. Type-species: Labidogenys lyroessa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as genus: Roger, 1862a: 249; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Bingham, 1903: 147; Emery, 1924d: 320; Brown & Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, 1960b: 38; Bolton, 1983: 358; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946: 294. Type-species: Proscopomyrmex londianensis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Proscopomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Patrizi, 1946: 294 [Dacetonini].
Proscopomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948d: 598. Type-species: Eneria excisa (junior synonym of Strumigenys loriae), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Eneria as genus: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104 (anachronism).
Eneria as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Quadristruma Brown, 1949b: 47. Type-species: Epitritus emmae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Quadristruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1949b: 47; all subsequent authors.
Quadristruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Genus Strumigenys references
Roger, 1863b: 40 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 26 (diagnosis); Forel, 1886a: 216 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 568 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 145 (catalogue); Emery, 1895c: 325 (North America species key); Emery, 1897c: 574 (New Guinea species key); Forel, 1903a: 707 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 147 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 146 (New World species key); Santschi, 1913b: 257 (Afrotropical species key); Arnold, 1917: 373 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Mann, 1921: 467 (Fiji Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 917, 1034 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 319 (diagnosis, catalogue); Brown, 1948e: 108 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brown, 1949d: 21 (Japan, China & Taiwan species key); Creighton, 1950a: 301 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104, 107 (Asia Eneria, Strumigenys (Strumigenys) checklists); Brown, 1954k: 10 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Brown, 1958h: 38 (New Zealand species); Brown, 1962c: 238 (Neotropical species synopsis, key); Kempf, 1972a: 226, 243 (Neotropical Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 19 (Cuba species key); Kempf, 1976b: 43 (additions to Brown, 1962c key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1403, 1409 (North America Strumigenys, Quadristruma catalogues); Bolton, 1983: 358, 400 (Afrotropical Strumigenys, Quadristruma species revisions, keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 85, 87 (Australia Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Taylor, 1987a: 66, 76 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Terayama & Kubota, 1989: 780 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 380 (Neotropical catalogue); Arakelian & Dlussky, 1991: 150 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 63 (Japan species key); Dlussky, 1993: 53 (Fiji Is, Tonga and Samoa species key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 377, 395 (catalogue); Gronenberg, 1996: 2021 (mandible morphology); Lin & Wu, 1996: 139 (Taiwan species key); Lattke & Goitía, 1997: 370 (Venezuela species key); Shattuck, 1999: 160, 167 (Australia synopsis); Bolton, 1999: 1657, 1673 (morphology, diagnosis, review of genus, phylogeny); Bolton, 2000: 496, 583, 716, 942 (Neotropical-Nearctic, Afrotropical, Malesian-Oriental-East Palaearctic, Austral species revisions, keys); Fisher, 2000: 614 (Malagasy species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 78 (China, Guangxi species key); Lin & Wu, 2001: 166 (Taiwan species key); Zhou & Xu, 2003: 737 (China species key); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2007: 676 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009: 142 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex samoanus TRUE TRUE FALSEsamoanus. Adelomyrmex (Arctomyrmex) samoanus Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 77, fig. 62 (w.) SAMOA. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 27.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus graeffei TRUE TRUE FALSEgraeffei. Anochetus graeffei Mayr, 1870b: 961 (w.) SAMOA. Mayr, 1876: 86 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1212 (l.); Imai, Brown, et al. 1984: 5 (k.). Senior synonym of amati, minutus, oceanicus, punctiventris: Wilson, 1959a: 507; of rudis, ruginotus, taylori: Brown, 1978c: 557 (see also p. 586).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus chloroticus TRUE TRUE FALSEchloroticus. Camponotus maculatus subsp. chloroticus Emery, 1897d: 574 (w.) NEW GUINEA. Emery, 1914f: 424 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Emery, 1914f: 424; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 94. Subspecies of irritans: Emery, 1920c: 7; Karavaiev, 1933a: 316. Raised to species, senior synonym of chlorogaster, sanctaecrucis and material of the unavailable name samoaensis referred here: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 93.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus flavolimbatus TRUE TRUE FALSEflavolimbatus. Camponotus (Colobopsis) flavolimbatus Viehmeyer, 1922: 218 (q.) SAMOA. Senior synonym of buxtoni, nautarum: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 97.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus navigator TRUE TRUE FALSEnavigator. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) navigator Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 94, fig. 77 (s.w.q.) SAMOA.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix procera TRUE TRUE FALSEprocera. Rhopalothrix procera Emery, 1897c: 572, pl. 14, fig. 18 (w.q.) NEW GUINEA. Combination in Eurhopalothrix: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 225. Senior synonym of angulinodis, ballionii, borneensis, kokodensis, malua, manni, samoana, subdentatus and material of the unavailable name melanotica referred here: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 225.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium liliuokalanii TRUE TRUE FALSEliliuokalanii. Monomorium minutum var. liliuokalanii Forel, 1899a: 119 (w.) HAWAII. Subspecies of minutum: Forel, 1909d: 225. Junior synonym of minutum: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 67. Revived from synonymy, raised to species and senior synonym of samoanum: Bolton, 1987: 288.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla insulana TRUE TRUE FALSEinsulana. Ponera insulana Mayr, 1876: 87 (w.) SAMOA. Combination in Pachycondyla (Ectomomyrmex): Emery, 1901a: 46; in Ectomomyrmex: Wilson, 1958d: 364; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 306.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole aana TRUE TRUE FALSEaana. Pheidole aana Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 42, fig. 31 (s.w.) SAMOA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole atua TRUE TRUE FALSEatua. Pheidole atua Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 43, fig. 32 (s.w.) SAMOA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera loi TRUE TRUE FALSEloi. Ponera loi Taylor, 1967a: 60, figs. 52-55 (w.q.) SAMOA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera woodwardi TRUE TRUE FALSEwoodwardi. Ponera woodwardi Taylor, 1967a: 62, figs. 7, 55-58 (w.q.m.l.) SAMOA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica epipola TRUE TRUE FALSEepipola. Pyramica epipola Bolton, 2000: 399 (w.) SAMOA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria exsulans TRUE TRUE FALSEexsulans. Rogeria exsulans Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 74, fig. 60 (w.) SAMOA. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 64.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys godeffroyi TRUE TRUE FALSEgodeffroyi. Strumigenys godeffroyi Mayr, 1866a: 516 (w.) SAMOA. Mayr, 1887: 569 (q.); Imai, Brown, et al. 1984: 68 (k.). Senior synonym of butteli, indica: Brown, 1949d: 17; of geococci: Bolton, 2000: 791. See also: Bingham, 1903: 149.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys mailei TRUE TRUE FALSEmailei. Strumigenys mailei Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 38, fig. 28 (w.) SAMOA. Dlussky, 1993: 59 (q.). See also: Bolton, 2000: 823.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Zatapinoma wheeleri Mann, 1935: 36, fig. 2 (s.) SAMOA. Combination in Tapinoma: Shattuck, 1992c: 152.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia pacifica TRUE TRUE FALSEpacifica. Vollenhovia pacifica Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 56, fig. 41 (w.q.m.) SAMOA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia samoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsamoensis. Vollenhovia samoensis Mayr, 1876: 99 (w.m.) SAMOA. Senior synonym of agilis: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 57.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 614 species, 86 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Polyrhachis Smith, F. 1857a: 58. Type-species: Formica bihamata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Polyrhachis Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 172, nomen nudum.]
Polyrhachis in Formicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 58.
Polyrhachis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 652 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae].
Polyrhachis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 257.
Polyrhachis in Camponotinae, Polyrhachidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Polyrhachis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 194; Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 251; Arnold, 1924: 741.
Polyrhachis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 701; Emery, 1925b: 175; all subsequent authors except the following.
Polyrhachis in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Polyrhachis as subgenus of Myrma: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170. [Myrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 106; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702, 993; Emery, 1925b: 198; all subsequent authors (see note under Myrma).]
[Polyrachis Arnold, 1924: 741, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenera of POLYRHACHIS include the nominal plus the following.
All the earlier subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Polyrhachis by Brown, 1973b: 178 - 184. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 19 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (MYRMA)
Myrma Billberg, 1820: 104. Type-species: Formica militaris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 859.
Taxonomic history
[Although Myrma antedates Polyrhachis, the former has been treated as a subgenus of the latter since Forel, 1917: 251 (see Hung, 1967b: 396 for history). Dorow, Kohout & Taylor, 1997: 236 proposed the precedence of Polyrhachis over Myrma and that precedence was established by the ICZN (Opinion 1919) 1999: 92.]
Polyrhachis as subgenus of Myrma: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Myrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 106; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702, 993; Emery, 1925b: 198; all subsequent authors, see note above.
Junior synonyms of POLYRHACHIS (MYRMA)
Hoplomyrmus Gerstäcker, 1859: 262. Type-species: Hoplomyrmus schistaceus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Hoplomyrmus also described as new by Gerstäcker, 1862: 508.]
Hoplomyrmus as junior synonym of Polyrhachis: Roger, 1861b: 174; Roger, 1863b: 6; Mayr, 1863: 446; Dalla Torre, 1893: 257.
Hoplomyrmus as junior synonym of Myrma: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 993; Emery, 1925b: 198; Bolton, 1973b: 288.
Pseudocyrtomyrma Emery, 1921e: 18 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis revoili, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocyrtomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Emery, 1921e: 18; Emery, 1925b: 206.
Pseudocyrtomyrma as junior synonym of Myrma: Bolton, 1973b: 288.
Anoplomyrma Chapman, 1963: 258 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Anoplomyrma) parabiotica, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anoplomyrma as junior synonym of Myrma: Dorow, 1995: 30.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (HEMIOPTICA)
Hemioptica Roger, 1862a: 238. Type-species: Hemioptica scissa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hemioptica in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 769 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae].
Hemioptica in Camponotinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 271.
Hemioptica in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; all subsequent authors except the following.
Hemioptica in Camponotinae, Polyrhachidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Hemioptica as junior synonym of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1878: 368.
Hemioptica as subgenus of Myrma: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164.
Hemioptica as genus: Roger, 1862a: 238; Mayr, 1862: 769; Mayr, 1865: 6; Dalla Torre, 1893: 271; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Emery, 1925b: 209; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 649; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 255.
Hemioptica as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Mayr, 1872: 138; Forel, 1915b: 107; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 701; Dorow & Kohout, 1995: 95; Bolton, 1995b: 31; Dorow, 1995: 29.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (HAGIOMYRMA)
Hagiomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Formica ammon, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hagiomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702; Emery, 1925b: 184; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (HIRTOMYRMA)
Hirtomyrma Kohout, 2010: 199 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis hirta, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hirtomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Kohout, 2010: 199.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (CAMPOMYRMA)
Campomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1911g: 860 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis clypeata (junior synonym of Formica exercita), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Campomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702; Emery, 1925b: 178; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (MYRMOTHRINAX)
Myrmothrinax Forel, 1915b: 107 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis thrinax, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmothrinax as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 107; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 178; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of POLYRHACHIS (MYRMOTHRINAX)
Evelyna Donisthorpe, 1937c: 273 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Evelyna) cheesmanae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Evelyna as junior synonym of Myrmothrinax: Hung, 1967b: 402.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (CYRTOMYRMA)
Cyrtomyrma Forel, 1915b: 107 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Formica rastellata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cyrtomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 107; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 701; Emery, 1925b: 207; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (MYRMHOPLA)
Myrmhopla Forel, 1915b: 107 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Formica armata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmhopla as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 107; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 701; Emery, 1925b: 190; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of POLYRHACHIS (MYRMHOPLA)
Cephalomyrma Karavaiev, 1935a: 115 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Cephalomyrma) stylifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cephalomyrma as junior synonym of Myrmhopla: Hung, 1967b: 402.
Florencea Donisthorpe, 1937a: 624 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Florencea) kirkae (junior synonym of Polyrhachis nigriceps), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Florencea as junior synonym of Myrmhopla: Hung, 1967b: 402.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (CHARIOMYRMA)
Chariomyrma Forel, 1915b: 107 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis guerini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Chariomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 107; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702; Emery, 1925b: 185; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (HEDOMYRMA)
Hedomyrma Forel, 1915b: 107 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis ornata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hedomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1915b: 107; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702; Emery, 1925b: 189; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of POLYRHACHIS (HEDOMYRMA)
Dolichorhachis Mann, 1919: 386 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Dolichorhachis) malaensis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dolichorhachis as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Mann, 1919: 386; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702; Emery, 1925b: 188.
Dolichorhachis as junior synonym of Hedomyrma: Dorow, 1995: 26.
Morleyidris Donisthorpe, 1944c: 64 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Morleyidris) trina, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Morleyidris as junior synonym of Hedomyrma: Hung, 1967b: 402.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (MYRMATOPA)
Myrmatopa Forel, 1915b: 107 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis schang, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmatopa as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 702; Emery, 1925b: 180; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of POLYRHACHIS (MYRMATOPA)
Irenea Donisthorpe, 1938e: 502 [as subgenus of Dolichoderus]. Type-species: Dolichoderus (Irenea) omyrmex, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Irenea in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Donisthorpe, 1938e: 502; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 653; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 186.
Irenea as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Donisthorpe, 1938e: 502.
Irenea as genus: Donisthorpe, 1941h: 59; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 186.
Irenea as junior synonym of Polyrhachis (Myrmatopa): Bolton, 1994: 50; Dorow, 1995: 42.
Subgenus POLYRHACHIS (AULACOMYRMA)
Aulacomyrma Emery, 1921e: 17 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis porcata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Aulacomyrma as subgenus of Polyrhachis: Emery, 1921e: 17; Emery, 1925b: 197; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of POLYRHACHIS (AULACOMYRMA)
Johnia Karavaiev, 1927e: 43 [as subgenus of Polyrhachis]. Type-species: Polyrhachis (Johnia) schizospina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Johnia as junior synonym of Aulacomyrma: Hung, 1967b: 402.
Genus Polyrhachis references
Smith, F. 1858b: 58 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 6 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 422, 443 (Hemioptica, Polyrhachis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6 (Polyrhachis, Hemioptica diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 40, 41 (diagnosis, species groups (as "turmae")); Mayr, 1876: 68 (Australia species key); Forel, 1878: 368 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1879: 648 (species groups); André, 1887: 286 (Afrotropical species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 257, 271 (Polyrhachis, Hemioptica catalogues); Forel, 1893c: 17 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Emery, 1896d: 378 (catalogue); Emery, 1897d: 579, 582 (P. relucens & P. guerini groups, keys); Emery, 1898a: 227 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Bingham, 1903: 383 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Santschi, 1910h: 284 (P. rastellata group, key); Viehmeyer, 1914b: 50, 54 (P. rastellata & P. hostilis groups, keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 256, 701, 992 (diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical catalogue); Arnold, 1924: 741 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1925b: 175 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 178 (P. (Campomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 180 (P. (Myrmatopa) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 181 (P. (Polyrhachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 182 (P. (Myrmothrinax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 184 (P. (Hagiomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 185 (P. (Chariomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 188 (P. (Dolichorhachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 189 (P. (Hedomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 190 (P. (Myrmhopla) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 197 (P. (Aulacomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 198 (P. (Myrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 206 (P. (Pseudocyrtomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 207 (P. (Cyrtomyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 209 (Hemioptica diagnosis, catalogue); Donisthorpe, 1938c: 246 (P. (Cyrtomyrma) review); Santschi, 1939c: 13 (P. (Pseudocyrtomyrma) species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 186, 255, 256 (Asia Irenea, Hemioptica, Polyrhachis checklists); Hung, 1962: 24 (Taiwan species key); Hung, 1967b: 395 (review of subgenera); Hung, 1970: 5 (P. (Polyrhachis) species revision, key); Bolton, 1973b: 289 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Bolton, 1975c: 1 (P. sexspinosa group, key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 131 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 59 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Kohout, 1987: 169 (Philippines P. sexspinosa group, key); Kohout, 1989: 515 (Australia P. relucens group, key); Kohout, 1990: 500 (P. viehmeyeri group, key); Kohout & Taylor, 1990: 509 (Australia checklist); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 45 (Japan species key); Wang C. & Wu, 1991: 596 (China species key); Dorow & Kohout, 1995: 96 (P. (Hemioptica) species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 342 (catalogue); Dorow, 1995: 9 (subgenera revision, subgenera key, catalogue); Dorow, 1995: 10-11 (P. (Myrmhopla) species groups, key; P. arachne-, P. cryptoceroides- P. flavoflagellata-, P. furcata- and P. hector species groups, keys); Dorow, 1995: 12 (P. (Aulacomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 13 (P. (Campomoyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 16 (P. (Chariomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 21 (P. (Cyrtomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 24 (P. (Hagiomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 26 (P. (Hedomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 28 (P. (Hemioptica) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 30 (P. (Myrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 42 (P. (Myrmatopa) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 45 (P. (Myrmhopla) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 61 (P. (Myrmothrinax) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 63 (P. (Polyrhachis) synopsis); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 159 (China species key); Shattuck, 1999: 107 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 190 (China, Guangxi species key); Xu, 2002b: 523 (China P. (Cyrtomyrma) species key; Bolton, 2003: 122 (synopsis); Karmaly, 2004: 542 (India species key); Kohout, 2006a: 146 (P. cryptoceroides group, key); Kohout, 2006b: 87 (P. Cyrtomyrma) of Australia, Borneo, New Guinea, Solomon Is, keys); Kohout, 2007a: 189 (P. Aulacomyrma) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kohout, 2007c: 8 (P. (Campomyrma) Borneo, key); Kohout, 2008a: 255 (Sulawesi species, keys); Kohout, 2008b: 298 (P. vestita group key); Kohout, 2008d: 12 (flavoflagellata group key); Kohout, 2009: 40, 44 (modifications to Kohout 2006b key); Terayama, 2009: 218 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 106 (south-western Australia species key); Kohout, 2010: 169, 171, 200 (Australia subgenera key, Australia P. (Myrmhopla) species key, Australia P. (Hirtomyrma) species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 94 species
Fossil: 8 species
Anochetus Mayr, 1861: 53. Type-species: Odontomachus ghilianii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anochetus in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 712; Mayr, 1865: 11.
Anochetus in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Anochetus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1861: 53 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 47.
Anochetus in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 106; Arnold, 1915: 103; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31; Wilson, 1959a: 483; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Jaffe, 1993: 8.
Anochetus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Brown, 1976a: 71; Brown, 1978c: 550 [subtribe Odontomachiti]; Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 159.
Junior synonyms of ANOCHETUS
Stenomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 711. Type-species: Myrmecia emarginata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 173.
Taxonomic history
Stenomyrmex in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 711; Mayr, 1865: 11.
Stenomyrmex in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Stenomyrmex as subgenus of Anochetus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 47; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 47; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 110; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Borgmeier, 1923: 76; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728; Kempf, 1972a: 21.
Stenomyrmex as junior synonym of Anochetus: Forel, 1887: 382; Brown, 1978c: 552; all subsequent authors.
Myrmapatetes Wheeler, W.M. 1929b: 6. Type-species: Myrmapatetes filicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmapatetes in Dolichoderinae: Wheeler, W.M. 1929b: 7; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 186.
Myrmapatetes as junior synonym of Anochetus: Brown, 1953h: 2.
Genus Anochetus references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 22 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Anochetus, Stenomyrmex diagnoses); André, 1882b: 230 (Europe & Algeria species); Emery, 1884a: 378 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 47 (catalogue); Emery, 1894c: 185 (Neotropical species key); Forel, 1900c: 58 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 39 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 107 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 103 (South Africa species key); Gallardo, 1918b: 90 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1919: 303 (New Guinea & Solomon Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 96, 790, 1012 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 9 (Stenomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 39 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1959a: 503 (Melanesia & Moluccas species, revision, key); Kempf, 1964f: 244 (A. (Stenomyrmex) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 20 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1978c: 552, 565, 569, 571 (diagnosis & review of genus, Malesian species, Austral, Palaearctic, Afrotropical & Malagasy species, Neotropical species keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 20 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 7 (Australia checklist); Terayama, 1989a: 26 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 324 (Neotropical catalogue); Wang, M. 1993a: 226 (China species key); De Andrade, 1994: 24 (†Dominican Amber species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 63 (catalogue); Gronenberg & Ehmer, 1996: 183 (mandible morphology); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 309 (Saudi Arabia species key); Shattuck, 1999: 181 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 29 (China, Guangxi species key); Kugler, J. & Ionescu, 2007: 298 (Mediterraean & Middle East species key); Fisher & Smith, 2008: 4 (Malagasy species revision, key); González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008: 98 (Argentina & Paraguay species key); Zabala, in Fernández, 2008: 125 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 117 (Taiwan species key).
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga lauta TRUE TRUE FALSElauta. Acropyga (Rhizomyrma) lauta Mann, 1919: 365 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. See also: LaPolla, 2004a: 65.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone celata TRUE TRUE FALSEcelata. Stigmatomma (Fulakora) celata Mann, 1919: 279, fig. 2 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Amblyopone: Wilson, 1958a: 143. See also: Taylor, 1979: 830.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone gnoma TRUE TRUE FALSEgnoma. Amblyopone gnoma Taylor, 1979: 829, figs. 13-16 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus isolatus TRUE TRUE FALSEisolatus. Anochetus cato subsp. isolatus Mann, 1919: 302, fig. 11 (w.m.) SOLOMON IS. Raised to species: Wilson, 1959a: 508. Senior synonym of rossi, splendens: Brown, 1978c: 557 (see also p. 585).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus elysii TRUE TRUE FALSEelysii. Camponotus (Colobopsis) elysii Mann, 1919: 372 (s.w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus guppyi TRUE TRUE FALSEguppyi. Camponotus (Colobopsis) guppyi Mann, 1920: 370, figs. 43, 44 (s.w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus loa TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
loa. Camponotus (Colobopsis) loa Mann, 1919: 373, figs. 45, 46 (s.w.) SOLOMON IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus belli.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus loa belli TRUE TRUE FALSEbelli. Camponotus (Colobopsis) loa var. belli Mann, 1919: 375 (s.w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Cardiocondyla nivalis TRUE TRUE FALSEnivalis. Cardiocondyla nivalis Mann, 1919: 317 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara viehmeyeri TRUE TRUE FALSEviehmeyeri. Oligomyrmex viehmeyeri Mann, 1919: 331, fig. 25 (s.w.q.m.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 235.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys pawa TRUE TRUE FALSEpawa. Cerapachys (Syscia) pusilla subsp. pawa Mann, 1919: 277 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Raised to species: Wilson, 1959b: 51.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys terricola TRUE TRUE FALSEterricola. Cerapachys (Cerapachys) terricola Mann, 1919: 277, fig. 1 (w.m.) SOLOMON IS. Junior synonym of inconspicuus: Wilson, 1959b: 47. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of tulagi: Brown, 1975: 23.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster abrupta TRUE TRUE FALSEabrupta. Crematogaster abrupta Mann, 1919: 320 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster elysii TRUE TRUE FALSEelysii. Crematogaster elysii Mann, 1919: 319, fig. 22 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster foxi TRUE TRUE FALSEfoxi. Crematogaster foxi Mann, 1919: 321, fig. 23 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster nesiotis TRUE TRUE FALSEnesiotis. Crematogaster nesiotis Mann, 1919: 322, fig. 24 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster obnigra TRUE TRUE FALSEobnigra. Crematogaster obnigra Mann, 1919: 323 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Crematogaster (Rhachiocrema) wheeleri Mann, 1919: 318, fig. 21 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix greensladei TRUE TRUE FALSEgreensladei. Eurhopalothrix greensladei Taylor, 1968b: 342, figs. 6, 7 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix isabellae TRUE TRUE FALSEisabellae. Rhopalothrix isabellae Mann, 1919: 357, fig. 35 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Eurhopalothrix: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 225. See also: Taylor, 1968b: 344.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys albiclava TRUE TRUE FALSEalbiclava. Wheeleripone albiclava Mann, 1919: 283, fig. 3 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Lattke, 2004: 58 (q.). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227. See also: Lattke, 2004: 56.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys crenaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEcrenaticeps. Wheeleripone crenaticeps Mann, 1919: 285, fig. 4 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. See also: Lattke, 2004: 62.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys lucida TRUE TRUE FALSElucida. Wheeleripone lucida Mann, 1919: 285 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. See also: Lattke, 2004: 65.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys malaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmalaensis. Rhopalopone malaensis Mann, 1919: 281 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Lattke, 2004: 176 (q.). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys preciosa TRUE TRUE FALSEpreciosa. Gnamptogenys preciosa Lattke, 2004: 66, fig. 14 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys solomonensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsolomonensis. Gnamptogenys solomonensis Lattke, 2004: 69, fig. 15 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys foreli TRUE TRUE FALSEforeli. Leptogenys (Leptogenys) foreli Mann, 1919: 297, fig. 9 (not fig. 10 as given in the original description) (w.m.) SOLOMON IS. Senior synonym of walkeri: Wilson, 1958a: 126.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys oresbia TRUE TRUE FALSEoresbia. Leptogenys oresbia Wilson, 1958a: 131 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys truncata TRUE TRUE FALSEtruncata. Leptogenys (Leptogenys) truncatus Mann, 1919: 296, fig. 10 (not fig. 9 as indicated in the original description) (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lordomyrma epinotalis TRUE TRUE FALSEepinotalis. Rogeria epinotalis Mann, 1919: 343 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Lordomyrma: Kugler, C. 1994: 26.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Myrmecina modesta TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
modesta. Myrmecina modesta Mann, 1919: 335 (w.m.) SOLOMON IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus subarmata.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Myrmecina modesta subarmata TRUE TRUE FALSEsubarmata. Myrmecina modesta subsp. subarmata Mann, 1919: 337 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia dichroa TRUE TRUE FALSEdichroa. Nylanderia dichroa Wheeler, W.M. 1934a: 181 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Unnecessary replacement name: consuta Wheeler, 1935c: 72.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Paratrechina (Euprenolepis) manni Donisthorpe, 1941b: 41 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia stigmatica TRUE TRUE FALSEstigmatica. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) stigmaticus Mann, 1919: 367, fig. 41 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 221; in Euprenolepis: Donisthorpe, 1941c: 42; in Paratrechina: LaPolla, 2009: 5; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Camponotini Opisthopsis manni TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
manni. Opisthopsis manni Wheeler, W.M. 1918d: 361, pl. 3, figs. 25, 26 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus aruanus.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla aequalis TRUE TRUE FALSEaequalis. Ectomomyrmex exarata subsp. aequalis Mann, 1919: 289, fig. 7 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 302. Raised to species: Wilson, 1958d: 364.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Euponera (Mesoponera) melanaria subsp. manni Viehmeyer, 1924a: 228 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Mesoponera: Wilson, 1958d: 349; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 307. Raised to species and senior synonym of robiginosa: Wilson, 1958d: 349.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla sheldoni TRUE TRUE FALSEsheldoni. Euponera (Trachymesopus) sheldoni Mann, 1919: 292 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Trachymesopus: Wilson, 1958d: 354; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 309.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole belli TRUE TRUE FALSEbelli. Pheidole (Pheidolacanthinus) belli Mann, 1919: 306, fig. 14 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole erato TRUE TRUE FALSEerato. Pheidole (Pheidolacanthinus) erato Mann, 1919: 307 (s.w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole isis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
isis. Pheidole isis Mann, 1919: 311, figs. 16-18 (s.w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus taki.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mendanai TRUE TRUE FALSEmendanai. Pheidole mendanai Mann, 1919: 309, fig. 15 (s.w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nindi TRUE TRUE FALSEnindi. Pheidole nindi Mann, 1919: 314, figs. 19, 20 (s.w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole philemon TRUE TRUE FALSEphilemon. Pheidole philemon Forel, 1910b: 44 (s.w.m.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole isis taki TRUE TRUE FALSEtaki. Pheidole isis var. taki Mann, 1919: 314 (s.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Podomyrma basalis woodfordi TRUE TRUE FALSEwoodfordi. Podomyrma basalis subsp. woodfordi Mann, 1919: 334, fig. 26 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Podomyrma basalis salomo TRUE TRUE FALSEsalomo. Podomyrma basalis subsp. salomo Mann, 1919: 333 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis annae TRUE TRUE FALSEannae. Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) annae Mann, 1919: 377, fig. 48 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Wheeler, W.M. 1934a: 180 (q.).
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis campbelli TRUE TRUE FALSEcampbelli. Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) santschii subsp. campbelli Mann, 1919: 376 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Raised to species: Kohout, 1998: 513.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis emeryana TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryana. Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) emeryana Mann, 1919: 390, fig. 59 (w.) SOLOMON IS. See also: Kohout, 2006b: 139.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis fulakora TRUE TRUE FALSEfulakora. Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) rastellata var. fulakora Mann, 1919: 389 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Raised to species: Kohout, 2006b: 139.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis geminata TRUE TRUE FALSEgeminata. Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) geminata Mann, 1919: 376, fig. 47 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis greensladei TRUE TRUE FALSEgreensladei. Polyrhachis greensladei Kohout, 1990: 503 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis johnsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEjohnsoni. Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) rastellata var. johnsoni Mann, 1919: 390 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Subspecies of debilis: Donisthorpe, 1938c: 266. Raised to species: Kohout, 2006b: 140.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis kaipi TRUE TRUE FALSEkaipi. Polyrhachis (Chariomyrma) kaipi Mann, 1919: 382, fig. 52 (not 62 as given in text) (w.) SOLOMON IS .
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis malaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmalaensis. Polyrhachis (Dolichorhachis) malaensis Mann, 1919: 386, fig. 57 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in P. (Hedomyrma): Dorow, 1995: 28.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis nofra TRUE TRUE FALSEnofra. Polyrhachis nofra Bolton, 1975c: 9, fig. 8 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis obliqua TRUE TRUE FALSEobliqua. Polyrhachis labella var. obliqua Stitz, 1911a: 375, fig. 21 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in P. (Myrma): Emery, 1925b: 201. Raised to species and material of the unavailable name aloseana referred here: Kohout, 1998: 523.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis osae TRUE TRUE FALSEosae. Polyrhachis (Myrmatopa) osae Mann, 1919: 384, figs. 54-56 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis pacifica TRUE TRUE FALSEpacifica. Polyrhachis pacifica Kohout, 2006b: 140, figs. 12C-D (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis rere TRUE TRUE FALSErere. Polyrhachis (Chariomyrma) rere Mann, 1919: 381, fig. 51 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis salomo TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
salomo. Polyrhachis salomo Forel, 1910b: 87 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in P. (Myrma): Mann, 1919: 379. Current subspecies: nominal plus hiram.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis santschii TRUE TRUE FALSEsantschii. Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) santschi Mann, 1919: 375 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis setosa TRUE TRUE FALSEsetosa. Polyrhachis setosa Kohout, 2006b: 141, figs. 12E-F (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis ugiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEugiensis. Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) rastellata subsp. ugiensis Mann, 1919: 389 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Raised to species: Donisthorpe, 1938c: 260. See also: Kohout, 2006b: 142.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis ulysses TRUE TRUE FALSEulysses. Polyrhachis ulysses Forel, 1910b: 91 (w.q.m.) SOLOMON IS. Mann, 1919: 383 (q.). Combination in P. (Myrmatopa): Mann, 1919: 383.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis undulata TRUE TRUE FALSEundulata. Polyrhachis undulata Kohout, 2006b: 142, figs. 12G-H (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Polyrhachis (Myrmhopla) wheeleri Mann, 1919: 387, fig. 58 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Donisthorpe, 1941h: 63 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 649 (l.).
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis labella brunneipes TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunneipes. Polyrhachis (Myrma) labella var. brunneipes Wheeler, W.M. 1934a: 179 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis salomo hiram TRUE TRUE FALSEhiram. Polyrhachis salomo subsp. hiram Forel, 1912a: 80 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in P. (Myrma): Emery, 1925b: 202.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Pristomyrmex obesus TRUE TRUE FALSEobesus. Pristomyrmex obesus Mann, 1919: 339 (w.q.m.) SOLOMON IS. Senior synonym of melanoticus, pegasus: Wang, M. 2003: 509.
Proceratiinae Probolomyrmecini Probolomyrmex salomonis TRUE TRUE FALSEsalomonis. Probolomyrmex salomonis Taylor, 1965d: 358, figs. 20, 21 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Rhytidoponera araneoides TRUE TRUE FALSEaraneoides. Ponera araneoides Le Guillou, 1842: 317 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Ectatomma: Mayr, 1876: 92; in Rhytidoponera: Emery, 1897d: 548. Senior synonym of rugosa: Mayr, 1876: 92; Donisthorpe, 1932c: 454; of ceranensis, froggatti, impressinodis: Wilson, in Brown, 1958g: 202; Wilson, 1958d: 307; of arcuata: Brown, 1958g: 202.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria megastigmatica TRUE TRUE FALSEmegastigmatica. Rogeria megastigmatica Kugler, C. 1994: 35, fig. 13 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Romblonella elysii TRUE TRUE FALSEelysii. Tetramorium scrobiferum var. elysii Mann, 1919: 346, fig. 29 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Romblonella: Smith, M.R. 1956b: 18. Raised to species: Smith, M.R. 1956b: 18.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis pawaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpawaensis. Solenopsis pawaensis Mann, 1919: 329 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Stereomyrmex dispar TRUE TRUE FALSEdispar. Willowsiella dispar Wheeler, W.M. 1934a: 175, fig. 1 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Stereomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 273.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys decollata TRUE TRUE FALSEdecollata. Strumigenys decollata Mann, 1919: 353, figs. 32, 33 (w.m.) SOLOMON IS. See also: Brown, 1958i: 109; Bolton, 2000: 772.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium antennatum TRUE TRUE FALSEantennatum. Triglyphothrix fulviceps subsp. antennatus Mann, 1919: 350, fig. 30 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Tetramorium: Bolton, 1985: 247. Raised to species: Bolton, 1976: 344.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Triglyphothrix mayri Mann, 1919: 351 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Combination in Tetramorium: Bolton, 1985: 247. See also: Bolton, 1976: 352.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium melanogyna TRUE TRUE FALSEmelanogyna. Tetramorium melanogyna Mann, 1919: 345, fig. 28 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Junior synonym of insolens: Bolton, 1977: 99. Revived from synonymy: Bolton, 1979: 173.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium salomo TRUE TRUE FALSEsalomo. Tetramorium salomo Mann, 1919: 344 (w.) SOLOMON IS. See also: Bolton, 1977: 109.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium vombis TRUE TRUE FALSEvombis. Triglyphothrix vombis Bolton, 1976: 358, fig. 73 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS. Mann, 1919: 349 (m.). Combination in Tetramorium: Bolton, 1985: 247.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Turneria pacifica TRUE TRUE FALSEpacifica. Turneria pacifica Mann, 1919: 361, figs. 39, 40 (w.) SOLOMON IS. Wilson, 1962c: 17 (q.); Shattuck, 1990: 112 (m.).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia dentata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
dentata. Vollenhovia dentata Mann, 1919: 325 (w.m.) SOLOMON IS. Current subspecies: nominal plus marginata.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia elysii TRUE TRUE FALSEelysii. Vollenhovia elysii Mann, 1919: 327 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia foveaceps TRUE TRUE FALSEfoveaceps. Vollenhovia foveaceps Mann, 1919: 328 (w.q.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia loboii TRUE TRUE FALSEloboii. Vollenhovia loboii Mann, 1919: 324 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Vollenhovia dentata marginata TRUE TRUE FALSEmarginata. Vollenhovia dentata subsp. marginata Mann, 1919: 327 (w.) SOLOMON IS.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara tahitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEtahitiensis. Oligomyrmex tahitiensis Wheeler, W.M. 1936f: 11 (q.m.) TAHITIAN IS. Perrault, 1976: 304 (s.w.). Combination in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 235.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fervens TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
fervens. Pheidole fervens Smith, F. 1858b: 176 (s.) SINGAPORE. Ogata, 1982: 197 (m.). Senior synonym of cavannae, javana, nigriscapa and material of the unavailable name tahitiana referred here: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45; senior synonym of desucta: Eguchi, 2001b: 53; of amia, azumai, dharmsalana, dolenda, pungens, soror: Eguchi, 2004: 197. Current subspecies: nominal plus pectinata.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica insula TRUE TRUE FALSEinsula. Pyramica insula Bolton, 2000: 400 (w.) FRENCH POLYNESIA (Tahiti).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara tahitiensis TRUE TRUE FALSEtahitiensis. Oligomyrmex tahitiensis Wheeler, W.M. 1936f: 11 (q.m.) TAHITIAN IS. Perrault, 1976: 304 (s.w.). Combination in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 235.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 487 species
Fossil:
Strumigenys Smith, F. 1860c: 72. Type-species: Strumigenys mandibularis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 334; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 26 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145.
Strumigenys in Cryptoceridae, Dacetini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1892d: 344; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 133; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Arnold, 1917: 372; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 319; Brown, 1948e: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of STRUMIGENYS
Labidogenys Roger, 1862a: 249. Type-species: Labidogenys lyroessa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as genus: Roger, 1862a: 249; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Bingham, 1903: 147; Emery, 1924d: 320; Brown & Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, 1960b: 38; Bolton, 1983: 358; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946: 294. Type-species: Proscopomyrmex londianensis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Proscopomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Patrizi, 1946: 294 [Dacetonini].
Proscopomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948d: 598. Type-species: Eneria excisa (junior synonym of Strumigenys loriae), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Eneria as genus: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104 (anachronism).
Eneria as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Quadristruma Brown, 1949b: 47. Type-species: Epitritus emmae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Quadristruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1949b: 47; all subsequent authors.
Quadristruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Genus Strumigenys references
Roger, 1863b: 40 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 26 (diagnosis); Forel, 1886a: 216 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 568 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 145 (catalogue); Emery, 1895c: 325 (North America species key); Emery, 1897c: 574 (New Guinea species key); Forel, 1903a: 707 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 147 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 146 (New World species key); Santschi, 1913b: 257 (Afrotropical species key); Arnold, 1917: 373 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Mann, 1921: 467 (Fiji Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 917, 1034 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 319 (diagnosis, catalogue); Brown, 1948e: 108 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brown, 1949d: 21 (Japan, China & Taiwan species key); Creighton, 1950a: 301 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104, 107 (Asia Eneria, Strumigenys (Strumigenys) checklists); Brown, 1954k: 10 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Brown, 1958h: 38 (New Zealand species); Brown, 1962c: 238 (Neotropical species synopsis, key); Kempf, 1972a: 226, 243 (Neotropical Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 19 (Cuba species key); Kempf, 1976b: 43 (additions to Brown, 1962c key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1403, 1409 (North America Strumigenys, Quadristruma catalogues); Bolton, 1983: 358, 400 (Afrotropical Strumigenys, Quadristruma species revisions, keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 85, 87 (Australia Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Taylor, 1987a: 66, 76 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Terayama & Kubota, 1989: 780 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 380 (Neotropical catalogue); Arakelian & Dlussky, 1991: 150 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 63 (Japan species key); Dlussky, 1993: 53 (Fiji Is, Tonga and Samoa species key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 377, 395 (catalogue); Gronenberg, 1996: 2021 (mandible morphology); Lin & Wu, 1996: 139 (Taiwan species key); Lattke & Goitía, 1997: 370 (Venezuela species key); Shattuck, 1999: 160, 167 (Australia synopsis); Bolton, 1999: 1657, 1673 (morphology, diagnosis, review of genus, phylogeny); Bolton, 2000: 496, 583, 716, 942 (Neotropical-Nearctic, Afrotropical, Malesian-Oriental-East Palaearctic, Austral species revisions, keys); Fisher, 2000: 614 (Malagasy species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 78 (China, Guangxi species key); Lin & Wu, 2001: 166 (Taiwan species key); Zhou & Xu, 2003: 737 (China species key); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2007: 676 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009: 142 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conicus TRUE TRUE FALSEconicus. Colobopsis conica Mayr, 1876: 67 (w.) TONGA IS. Combination in Camponotus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 226; in C. (Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 258; in C. (Colobopsis): Forel, 1914a: 272; Emery, 1925b: 148.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus nigrifrons TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrifrons. Colobopsis nigrifrons Mayr, 1870b: 943 (q.) TONGA. Combination in Camponotus (Colobopsis): Dalla Torre, 1893: 244; in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Colobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 146.
Myrmicinae Cataulacini Cataulacus intrudens TRUE TRUE FALSEintrudens. Meranoplus intrudens Smith, F. 1876d: 609, pl. 11, fig. 7 (w.q.m.) SOUTH AFRICA. Combination in Cataulacus: Mayr, 1886c: 364. Senior synonym of batonga, baumi, densipunctatus, foveosquamosus, gazanus, hararicus, intermedius, johannae, pseudotrema, rugosus, subrugosus, umbilicatus and material of the unavailable names krugeri, tangana referred here: Bolton, 1974a: 43; of bulawayensis: Bolton, 1995b: 138.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole umbonata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
umbonata. Pheidole umbonata Mayr, 1870b: 978 (s.w.) TONGA. Mann, 1921: 431 (q.). Senior synonym of zimmermani: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 50. Current subspecies: nominal plus fusciventris.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys zakharovi FALSE FALSE FALSEzakharovi. Strumigenys zakharovi Dlussky, 1993: 60, fig. 2 (w.) TONGA. Unidentified taxon, incertae sedis in Strumigenys: Bolton, 2000: 995.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium amatongae TRUE TRUE FALSEamatongae. Tetramorium amatongae Bolton, 1980: 358, figs. 133, 137 (w.) MOZAMBIQUE.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium pacificum TRUE TRUE FALSEpacificum. Tetramorium pacificum Mayr, 1870b: 976 (w.q.) TONGA. Imai, Kubota, et al. 1985: 47 (k.). Senior synonym of subscabrum: Bolton, 1977: 102. See also: Schlick-Steiner, Steiner & Zettel, 2006: 182.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium tonganum TRUE TRUE FALSEtonganum. Tetramorium tonganum Mayr, 1870b: 976 (w.) TONGA. Santschi, 1928a: 50 (q.). Senior synonym of magitae: Bolton, 1977: 129.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conicus TRUE TRUE FALSEconicus. Colobopsis conica Mayr, 1876: 67 (w.) TONGA IS. Combination in Camponotus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 226; in C. (Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 258; in C. (Colobopsis): Forel, 1914a: 272; Emery, 1925b: 148.
Myrmicinae Metaponini Metapone truki TRUE TRUE FALSEtruki. Metapone truki Smith, M.R. 1953d: 135 (w.) TRUK I.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sexspinosa TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
sexspinosa. Pheidole sexspinosa Mayr, 1870b: 977 (s.w.) TUVALU. Combination in P. (Pheidolacanthinus): Mann, 1919: 307. Senior synonym of adamsoni: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 52. Current subspecies: nominal plus biroi, fuscescens.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pallens TRUE TRUE FALSEpallens. Formica pallens Le Guillou, 1842: 316 (q.) VAVAO I. Combination in Camponotus: Emery, 1921a: 25; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 95.