sexdens. Formica sexdens Linnaeus, 1758: 581 (w) "America meridionali". Mayr, 1865: 82 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 681 (l.). Combination in Atta: Fabricius, 1804: 422; in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 349. Senior synonym of sexdentata: Latreille, 1802a: 228; of abdominalis, coptophylla: Mayr, 1865: 80; of flavicornis: Forel, 1905b: 161; of autuorii, fuscata, piriventris (and its junior synonym lugens), and rubropilosa: Borgmeier, 1959b: 359.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes atratus TRUE TRUE FALSEatratus. Formica atrata Linnaeus, 1758: 581 (w.) "AMERICA MERIDIONALI". Latreille, 1802c: 274 (q.); Spinola, 1851b: 47; Spinola, 1853: 63 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 154 (l.). Combination in Cephalotes: Latreille, 1802a: 358; in Cryptocerus: Latreille, 1803: 280; in Cryptocerus (Cephalotes): Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 12; in Cephalotes: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 19. Senior synonym of quadridens: Retzius, 1783: 76; Latreille, 1802c: 272; Kempf, 1951: 115; of dubitatus: Smith, F. 1858b: 188; of crassispina, nitidiventris, rufiventris and material of the unavailable name dehnowi referred here: Kempf, 1951: 115; of erectus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 112.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus bidens TRUE TRUE FALSEbidens. Formica bidens Linnaeus, 1758: 581 (w.) "America meridionali". Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 173 (l.); Mackay, 1993b: 40 (q.m.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Mayr, 1862: 707; Kempf, 1972a: 119; in Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Dolichoderus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 157; Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of perditor: Roger, 1862b: 285; of auromaculatus: Emery, 1894c: 234; of attenuatus, bahiana: Mackay, 1993b: 40.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus haematodus TRUE TRUE FALSEhaematodus. Formica haematoda Linnaeus, 1758: 582 (q.) "America meridionali". Emery, 1899c: 5 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 646 (l.). Combination in Odontomachus: Latreille, 1804: 179. Senior synonym of maxillosa: Retzius, 1783: 75; Olivier, 1792: 502; Latreille, 1802c: 192; of hirsutiusculus: Roger, 1863b: 22; Brown, 1976a: 104; of pallipes and material of the unavailable name bruneipes referred here: Brown, 1976a: 104.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla foetida TRUE TRUE FALSEfoetida. Formica foetida Linnaeus, 1758: 582 (q) "America meridionali". Roger, 1860: 312 (w.). Combination in Ponera: Smith, F. 1858b: 95; in Pachycondyla: Roger, 1863b: 18, Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305; in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47. Senior synonym of lobata: Retzius, 1783: 75; Olivier, 1792: 502; Latreille, 1802c: 206. See also: Linnaeus, 1767: 965; Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 332.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus TRUE TRUE FALSE9 subspecies
sexguttatus. Formica sexguttata Fabricius, 1793: 354 (q.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1879a: 71 (s.w.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 195 (l.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 656; in C. (Myrmosphincta): Forel, 1912i: 92; in C. (Myrmothrix): Bruch, 1914: 230; in C. (Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmosphincta): Emery, 1925b: 151. Subspecies of sylvaticus: Mayr, 1880: 23. Revived status as species: Forel, 1885a: 346; Forel, 1895b: 104; Emery, 1896d: 375. Senior synonym of ruficeps (and its junior synonym albofasciata): Emery, 1894f: 2; Emery, 1896d: 375; of bimaculata: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 58; of fusciceps: Wild, 2007b: 48. Current subspecies: nominal plus albotaeniolatus, antiguanus, basirectus, biguttatus, decorus, montserratensis, ornatus, perturbans, unitaeniatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus antiguanus TRUE TRUE FALSEantiguanus. Camponotus sexguttatus var. antiguanus Wheeler, W.M. 1923c: 7 (s.w.m.) ANTIGUA. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Kempf, 1972a: 58.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex antiguanus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
antiguanus. Pseudomyrma antiguana Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 78 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 215. Current subspecies: nominal plus brunnipes.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex antiguanus brunnipes TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunnipes. Pseudomyrma antiguana var. brunnipes Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 79 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex Kempf, 1972a: 215.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 19 species, 6 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Prenolepis Mayr, 1861: 52. Type-species: Tapinoma nitens, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 325.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica imparis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1906b: 134, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171 and Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 940.]
Prenolepis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 52 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 32 [Formicidae].
Prenolepis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 377 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 453 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 177.
Prenolepis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 209.
Prenolepis in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 103; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 125; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Prenolepis in Camponotinae, Prenolepidini: Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 117; Forel, 1917: 249; Arnold, 1922: 605.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Prenolepidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 697; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 219; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 685.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Brachymyrmecini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Lasiini: Emery, 1925b: 224; Stitz, 1939: 379, Kempf, 1972a: 209; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1444; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Jaffe, 1993: 14; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Bolton, 2003: 23, 105.
Genus Prenolepis references
Roger, 1863b: 10 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 451 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 7 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 71 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 947 (all species key); Forel, 1878: 377 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 203 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 177 (catalogue); Bingham, 1903: 326 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1910a: 127 (Palaearctic species key); Arnold, 1922: 605 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 216, 697, 940 (diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 224 (diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1950a: 410 (North America species review); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 219 (Asia checklist); Kempf, 1972a: 209 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442 (North America catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 363 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 137 (China species key); Xu, 1995c: 338 (Southern & Eastern Asia species key); Fontenla Rizo, 2000: 81 (Antilles Is species key); Zhou, 2001b: 170 (China, Guangxi species key); Wang, W. & Wu, 2007: 721 (China species key); LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 129 (diagnosis).
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga smithii TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithii. Acropyga (Rhizomyrma) smithii Forel, 1893g: 349 (q.) ANTILLES IS. Senior synonym of kathrynae, urichi: LaPolla, 2004a: 43.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Anochetus mayri Emery, 1884a: 378 (diagnosis in key) (w.) ANTILLES IS. Emery, 1890a: 65 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 455 (l.). Senior synonym of laeviusculus: Brown, 1978c: 557 (see also p. 617).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus testaceus TRUE TRUE FALSEtestaceus. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) emarginatus r. testaceus Forel, 1893g: 356 (w.m.) ANTILLES. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 646 (l.). Raised to species: Brown, 1978c: 559 (see also p. 610).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca delpini antillana TRUE TRUE FALSEantillana. Azteca delpini r. antillana Forel, 1899c: 111 (w.) ANTILLES.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex minutus TRUE TRUE FALSEminutus. Brachymyrmex minutus Forel, 1893g: 346 (w.q.) ANTILLES.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex obscurior TRUE TRUE FALSEobscurior. Brachymyrmex heeri var. obscurior Forel, 1893g: 345 (w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Subspecies of heeri: Forel, 1897b: 298; Forel, 1912i: 62. Raised to species: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 92.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus chazaliei TRUE TRUE FALSEchazaliei. Camponotus novogranadensis r. chazaliei Forel, 1899c: 149 (s.w.) ANTILLES. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155. Raised to species: Forel, 1902b: 172; Emery, 1903: 74.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus saussurei TRUE TRUE FALSEsaussurei. Camponotus saussurei Forel, 1879a: 103, pl. 1, fig. 3 (w.) ANTILLES. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1912i: 92.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus TRUE TRUE FALSE9 subspecies
sexguttatus. Formica sexguttata Fabricius, 1793: 354 (q.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1879a: 71 (s.w.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 195 (l.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 656; in C. (Myrmosphincta): Forel, 1912i: 92; in C. (Myrmothrix): Bruch, 1914: 230; in C. (Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmosphincta): Emery, 1925b: 151. Subspecies of sylvaticus: Mayr, 1880: 23. Revived status as species: Forel, 1885a: 346; Forel, 1895b: 104; Emery, 1896d: 375. Senior synonym of ruficeps (and its junior synonym albofasciata): Emery, 1894f: 2; Emery, 1896d: 375; of bimaculata: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 58; of fusciceps: Wild, 2007b: 48. Current subspecies: nominal plus albotaeniolatus, antiguanus, basirectus, biguttatus, decorus, montserratensis, ornatus, perturbans, unitaeniatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ustus TRUE TRUE FALSEustus. Camponotus ustus Forel, 1879a: 75 (s.w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974a: 61 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 205. Senior synonym of depolitus, furnissi, larvigerus, maculifrons, sublautus, ulysses: Snelling & Torres, 1998: 2.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conspicuus williamsi TRUE TRUE FALSEwilliamsi. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) conspicuus r. williamsi Forel, 1916: 442 (s.) ANTILLES. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus auricomus vincentensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvincentensis. Camponotus auricomus var. vincentensis Forel, 1899c: 139 (w.) ANTILLES. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 163.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conspicuus sharpi TRUE TRUE FALSEsharpi. Camponotus sharpi Forel, 1893g: 335 (s.w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80. Subspecies of abdominalis: Forel, 1899c: 133. Currently subspecies of conspicuus: Santschi, 1922c: 101.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus auricomus lucianus TRUE TRUE FALSElucianus. Camponotus auricomus var. lucianus Forel, 1899c: 139 (w.q.) ANTILLES. Wheeler, W.M. 1913d: 243 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 163.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus montserratensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmontserratensis. Camponotus sexguttatus var. montserratensis Wheeler, W.M. 1923c: 7 (w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Kempf, 1972a: 58.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes emeryi TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryi. Cryptocerus emeryi Forel, 1912e: 203 (w.) NETHERLANDS ANTILLES (Curaçao I.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 233; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 521.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster steinheili TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
steinheili. Crematogaster steinheili Forel, 1881: 15 (w.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1912f: 216 (q.m.); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 154 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Junior synonym of victima: Mayr, 1887: 624. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of victima: Dalla Torre, 1893: 87; Emery, 1895c: 288 (footnote). Revived status as species: Forel, 1912f: 216; Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 460; Gallardo, 1934: 45. Current subspecies: nominal plus argentina.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex antillana TRUE TRUE FALSEantillana. Dorymyrmex antillana Snelling, R.R. 2005: 285 (w.) ANTILLES.
Formicinae Formicini Formica albipennis FALSE FALSE FALSEalbipennis. Formica albipennis Fabricius, 1793: 354 (m.) ANTILLES. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 191.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys mucronata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
mucronata. Leptogenys mucronata Forel, 1893g: 360 (w.) ANTILLES. Current subspecies: nominal plus columbica.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys pubiceps vincentensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvincentensis. Leptogenys pubiceps var. vincentensis Forel, 1901f: 328 (w.) ANTILLES.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium ebeninum TRUE TRUE FALSEebeninum. Monomorium minutum r. ebeninum Forel, 1891b: 165 (in text) (w.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1893g: 388 (q.); Forel, 1897b: 300 (m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 88 (q.m.). Subspecies of carbonarium: Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 88; Forel, 1912g: 3; Mann, 1922: 29; Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 198. Raised to species: Forel, 1913l: 218; DuBois, 1986: 103.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium subcoecum TRUE TRUE FALSEsubcoecum. Monomorium subcoecum Emery, 1894c: 150 (w.q.) ANTILLES.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus smithii TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithii. Atta (Mycocepurus) smithii Forel, 1893g: 370 (w.) ANTILLES. Kempf, 1963b: 425 (q.). Combination in Mycocepurus: Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 42. Senior synonym of attaxenus, bolivianus, borinquenensis, eucarnitae, manni, reconditus, tolteca, trinidadensis: Kempf, 1963b: 425.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista ambigua TRUE TRUE FALSEambigua. Myrmelachista ambigua Forel, 1893g: 350 (w.) ANTILLES. Combination in M. (Decamera): Bruch, 1914: 227; in M. (Myrmelachista): Kempf, 1972a: 147.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex antillanus TRUE TRUE FALSEantillanus. Eciton antillanum Forel, 1897b: 299 (w.) ANTILLES. Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1910b: 24; in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1948a: 197; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 418.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex klugii TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
klugii. Labidus klugii Shuckard, 1840b: 260 (m.) ANTILLES. Combination in Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 4; in E. (Labidus): Forel, 1893g: 369; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. Current subspecies: nominal plus distans. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 598.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia pubens TRUE TRUE FALSEpubens. Prenolepis fulva r. pubens Forel, 1893g: 338 (w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Trager, 1984b: 143; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Junior synonym of fulva: Creighton, 1950a: 406. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Trager, 1984b: 143.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia steinheili TRUE TRUE FALSEsteinheili. Prenolepis steinheili Forel, 1893g: 342 (w.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1908b: 64 (q.); Forel, 1912i: 66 (m.). Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1912i: 66; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 223; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 168; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Current subspecies: nominal plus minuta (unresolved junior homonym).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia vividula antillana TRUE TRUE FALSEantillana. Prenolepis guatemalensis r. antillana Forel, 1893g: 340 (w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1912i: 66; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 223; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 168; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 368; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Currently subspecies of vividula: Forel, 1912i: 66.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole antillana TRUE TRUE FALSEantillana. Pheidole guilelmimuelleri r. antillana Forel, 1893g: 401 (s.w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 654.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole godmani TRUE TRUE FALSEgodmani. Pheidole godmani Forel, 1893g: 404 (s.w.q.) ANTILLES. See also: Wilson, 2003: 698.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole orbica TRUE TRUE FALSEorbica. Pheidole orbica Forel, 1893g: 415 (s.w.q.m.) ANTILLES. See also: Wilson, 2003: 480.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sculptior TRUE TRUE FALSEsculptior. Pheidole flavens r. sculptior Forel, 1893g: 414 (s.w.q.) ANTILLES. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 506. Senior synonym of tayroni: Longino, 2009: 74.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole flavens thomensis TRUE TRUE FALSEthomensis. Pheidole flavens var. thomensis Emery, 1894c: 156 (s.w.q.) ANTILLES IS. See also: Wilson, 2003: 419.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Prionopelta antillana TRUE TRUE FALSEantillana. Prionopelta punctulata subsp. antillana Forel, 1909a: 239 (w.) ANTILLES. Raised to species: Brown, 1960a: 177.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica alberti TRUE TRUE FALSEalberti. Strumigenys alberti Forel, 1893g: 380 (w.q.) ANTILLES. Brown, 1953g: 95 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1960b: 27 (l.). Combination in S. (Cephaloxys): Emery, 1924d: 325; in Smithistruma: Brown, 1953g: 93; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Senior synonym of guianensis, intermedia: Brown, 1953g: 94. See also: Bolton, 2000: 154.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica eggersi TRUE TRUE FALSEeggersi. Strumigenys eggersi Emery, 1890b: 69, pl. 7, fig. 9 (w.q.) ANTILLES. Combination in S. (Pyramica): Brown, 1948e: 110; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Brown, 1960b: 46; Bolton, 2000: 184.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica margaritae TRUE TRUE FALSEmargaritae. Strumigenys margaritae Forel, 1893g: 378 (w.q.m.) ANTILLES. Combination in S. (Cephaloxys): Emery, 1924d: 325; in S. (Trichoscapa): Smith, M.R., 1947f: 587; in Smithistruma: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 827; Brown, 1953g: 108; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 221.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria curvipubens TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvipubens. Rogeria curvipubens Emery, 1894c: 190 (w.q.) ANTILLES. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 66.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria foreli TRUE TRUE FALSEforeli. Rogeria foreli Emery, 1894c: 191 (w.) ANTILLES. [Previously referred to as Tetramorium foreli Emery by Forel, 1893g: 383. Nomen nudum.] Kugler, C. 1994: 71 (q.). Senior synonym of gaigei, huachucana: Kugler, C. 1994: 71.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis azteca TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
azteca. Solenopsis azteca Forel, 1893g: 390 (w.) ANTILLES. Current subspecies: nominal plus pallida.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis castor TRUE TRUE FALSEcastor. Solenopsis castor Forel, 1893g: 391 (w.q.) ANTILLES.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis corticalis TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
corticalis. Solenopsis corticalis Forel, 1881: 13 (w.q.) ANTILLES. Current subspecies: nominal plus amazonensis, binotata, margotae, virgula. See also: Thompson, 1989: 281.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis pollux TRUE TRUE FALSEpollux. Solenopsis pollux Forel, 1893g: 393 (w.q.m.) ANTILLES.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis globularia steinheili TRUE TRUE FALSEsteinheili. Solenopsis steinheili Forel, 1881: 11 (w.) ANTILLES. Junior synonym of globularia: Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 130; Emery, 1922e: 199. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of globularia and senior synonym of borinquenensis, cubaensis: Creighton, 1930b: 116.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys emmae TRUE TRUE FALSEemmae. Epitritus emmae Emery, 1890b: 70, pl. 8, fig. 6 (w.) ANTILLES. Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 149 (q.). Combination in Quadristruma: Brown, 1949b: 48; in Strumigenys: Bolton, 1999: 1674. Senior synonym of clypeatus, malesiana, wheeleri: Brown, 1949b: 48. See also: Bolton, 1983: 400; Bolton, 2000: 950.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys rogeri TRUE TRUE FALSErogeri. Strumigenys rogeri Emery, 1890b: 68, pl. 7, fig. 6 (w.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1893g: 378 (q.). Senior synonym of incisa: Donisthorpe, 1915d: 341; of sulfurea: Brown, 1954k: 20. See also: Bolton, 1983: 387; Bolton, 2000: 604.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax pulchellus TRUE TRUE FALSEpulchellus. Macromischa pulchella Emery, 1894c: 162 (w.q.) ANTILLES. Combination in M. (Antillaemyrmex): Mann, 1920: 408; in Antillaemyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 482; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex jamaicensis antiguensis TRUE TRUE FALSEantiguensis. Trachymyrmex jamaicensis subsp. antiguensis Weber, 1938b: 196 (w.) ANTILLES. See also: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2007: 3.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 19 species, 6 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Prenolepis Mayr, 1861: 52. Type-species: Tapinoma nitens, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 325.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica imparis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1906b: 134, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171 and Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 940.]
Prenolepis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 52 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 32 [Formicidae].
Prenolepis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 377 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 453 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 177.
Prenolepis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 209.
Prenolepis in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 103; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 125; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Prenolepis in Camponotinae, Prenolepidini: Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 117; Forel, 1917: 249; Arnold, 1922: 605.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Prenolepidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 697; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 219; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 685.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Brachymyrmecini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Lasiini: Emery, 1925b: 224; Stitz, 1939: 379, Kempf, 1972a: 209; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1444; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Jaffe, 1993: 14; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Prenolepis in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Bolton, 2003: 23, 105.
Genus Prenolepis references
Roger, 1863b: 10 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 451 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 7 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 71 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 947 (all species key); Forel, 1878: 377 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 203 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 177 (catalogue); Bingham, 1903: 326 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1910a: 127 (Palaearctic species key); Arnold, 1922: 605 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 216, 697, 940 (diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 224 (diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1950a: 410 (North America species review); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 219 (Asia checklist); Kempf, 1972a: 209 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442 (North America catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 363 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 137 (China species key); Xu, 1995c: 338 (Southern & Eastern Asia species key); Fontenla Rizo, 2000: 81 (Antilles Is species key); Zhou, 2001b: 170 (China, Guangxi species key); Wang, W. & Wu, 2007: 721 (China species key); LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 129 (diagnosis).
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga smithii TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithii. Acropyga (Rhizomyrma) smithii Forel, 1893g: 349 (q.) ANTILLES IS. Senior synonym of kathrynae, urichi: LaPolla, 2004a: 43.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Anochetus mayri Emery, 1884a: 378 (diagnosis in key) (w.) ANTILLES IS. Emery, 1890a: 65 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 455 (l.). Senior synonym of laeviusculus: Brown, 1978c: 557 (see also p. 617).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole flavens thomensis TRUE TRUE FALSEthomensis. Pheidole flavens var. thomensis Emery, 1894c: 156 (s.w.q.) ANTILLES IS. See also: Wilson, 2003: 419.
Dolichoderinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 28 genera, 692 species, 130 subspecies
Fossil: 16 genera, 103 species
Dolichoderidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Dolichoderus.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 127 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Dolichoderinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 18, 80.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.
Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.
Subfamily Dolichoderinae and tribes references, world
Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).
Ecitoninae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 5 genera, 149 species, 21 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Ecitonii Forel, 1893a: 163. Type-genus: Eciton.
Taxonomic history
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Dorylidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 23.
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Formicidae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; all subsequent authors.
Ecitoninae as dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 34, 142; Brady & Ward, 2005: 593.
Ecitoninae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Ecitoninae as formicoid dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ecitoninae: Cheliomyrmecini, Ecitonini.
Subfamily and tribe Ecitonini references
Emery, 1895j: 765 (diagnosis); Ashmead, 1906: 23, 24 (tribes & genera keys); Emery, 1910b: 15 (diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138, 558 (diagnosis, North America genera); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina genera, key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 634 (genera key); Borgmeier, 1923: 37 (Brazil catalogue); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 290 (U.S.A. males); Creighton, 1950a: 61 (North America); Borgmeier, 1955: 51, 57 (revision of subfamily, tribes key); Borgmeier, 1955: 79 (revision of tribe, genera key); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Watkins, 1976: 6 (genera keys); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 46 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392 (synoptic classification); Gotwald & Burdette, 1981: 78 (phylogeny); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico genera, key); Gotwald, 1982: 167 (genera key); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 74 (genera key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Bolton, 1990c: 1357 (diagnosis, morphology, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 392 (Neotropical fauna, synoptic classification); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Jaffe, 1993: 13 (Neotropical genera, synoptic classification); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 149 (genera key); Bolton, 1994: 38 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera key); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Hölldobler, Obermayer & Peeters, 1996: 158 (metatibial gland); Palacio, 1999: 143 (Colombia genera, key); Perfil’eva, 2002: 1239 (venation); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 240 (Neotropical genera key); Brady, 2003: 6575 (phylogeny); Bolton, 2003: 34, 142 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady & Ward, 2005: 593 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
Formicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 49 genera, 2,831 species, 839 subspecies
Fossil: 29 genera, 193 species, 1 subspecies
Formicariae Latreille, 1809: 124. Type-genus: Formica.
Taxonomic history
Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].
Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Formicinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 20, 93.
Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Formicinae as formicoid formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).
Subfamily Formicinae references, world
Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 141 genera, 6,087 species, 864 subspecies
Fossil: 31 genera, 130 species
Myrmicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169. Type-genus: Myrmica.
Taxonomic history
Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].
Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Myrmicidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Myrmicinae as myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 52, 182.
Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.
Myrmicinae as formicoid myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.
Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.
Collective group name in Myrmicinae: †Myrmicites.
Subfamily Myrmicinae references, world
Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).
Ponerinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 27 genera, 1,033 species, 155 subspecies
Fossil: 9 genera, 68 species, 2 subspecies
Ponerites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185. Type-genus: Ponera.
Taxonomic history
Ponerinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185 [Ponérites].
Ponerinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1858b: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894g: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895j: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899c: 2; Emery, 1901a: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134; Emery, 1911d: 2; Wheeler, 1915g: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.
Ponerinae as poneromorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 42, 156.
Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette, Fisher, et al. 2006: 365; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ponerinae: Platythyreini, Ponerini, Thaumatomyrmecini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Ponerinae: †Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia.
Subfamily Ponerinae references, world
Smith, F. 1858b: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses), Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911d: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi, Agosti & Carpenter, 1997: 20 (†Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette, Fisher et al. 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
.
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 170 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882b: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900c: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918b: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972a: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csösz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 256 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE57 species, 26 subspecies
Dorymyrmex Mayr, 1866a: 494. Type-species: Dorymyrmex flavescens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 383 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 167; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 103; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; all subsequent authors.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 36; Forel, 1917: 248; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; subsequent authors and Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Leptomyrmecini: Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
Junior synonyms of DORYMYRMEX
Psammomyrma Forel, 1912h: 43 [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex planidens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Psammomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1912h: 43; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Psammomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Santschi, 1922b: 365; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Conomyrma Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text) [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Prenolepis pyramica, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1922b: 365.
Taxonomic history
Conomyrma in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Forel, 1917: 248; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Conomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1917: 248; Santschi, 1922b: 365; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 837; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 140.
Conomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 78; Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 1; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Conomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Araucomyrmex Gallardo, 1919b: 249. Type-species: Dorymyrmex tener, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Araucomyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 625; Kempf, 1972a: 25; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Araucomyrmex as genus: Gallardo, 1919b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Kusnezov, 1956: 28; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 25; Snelling, R.R. 1975: 9; Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Araucomyrmex as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Santschi, 1922b: 365; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Kusnezov, 1952g: 428.
Araucomyrmex as junior synonym of Conomyrma: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402.
Araucomyrmex as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Ammomyrma Santschi, 1922b: 365 [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex exsanguis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ammomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Santschi, 1922b: 365; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Ammomyrma as junior synonym of Araucomyrmex: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93.
Ammomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Biconomyrma Kusnezov, 1952g: 429 [as subgenus of Conomyrma]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. brunneus (now Dorymyrmex brunneus), by subsequent designation of Kusnezov, 1959: 51.
Taxonomic history
Biconomyrma as subgenus of Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429.
Biconomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 67.
Biconomyrma as junior synonym of Conomyrma: Smith, M.R. 1958c: 140; Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Biconomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 78; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Spinomyrma Kusnezov, 1952g: 429 (diagnosis in key) [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex alboniger, by subsequent designation of Kusnezov, 1959: 51.
Taxonomic history
Spinomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Spinomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 30 (in key); Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66.
Spinomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 78; Shattuck, 1994: 74; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Genus Dorymyrmex references
Mayr, G. 1868a: 165 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 383 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 167 (catalogue); André, 1903: 364 (species key); Emery, 1913a: 36 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1916a: 21 (Argentina species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689 (subgenera key); Cole, 1942: 371 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Creighton, 1950a: 348 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1952g: 428 (subgenera key); Kempf, 1972a: 25, 78, 99 (Neotropical Araucomyrmex, Conomyrma, Dorymyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 1 (U.S.A. Conomyrma species, revision); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 96 (Chile Araucomyrmex species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah Conomyrma species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 57 (U.S.A., Nevada Conomyrma species key); Trager, 1988: 14 (Southeastern U.S.A. Conomyrma species revision, key): Johnson, 1989b: 191 (U.S.A. Conomyrma species revision, key); Brandão, 1991: 327, 338, 340 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 77 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 73 (catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1995: 9 (U.S.A. species revision, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 181 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 222 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius TRUE TRUE FALSE18 species
Forelius Emery, 1888d: 389. Type-species: Iridomyrmex mccooki, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Forelius in Dolichoderinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 168; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 102; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142.
Forelius in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Forelius in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 35; Forel, 1917: 248; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 690; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 645; all subsequent authors and Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Forelius in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 87; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 88.
Forelius in Dolichoderinae, Leptomyrmecini: Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
Junior synonym of FORELIUS
Neoforelius Kusnezov, 1953b: 327. Type-species: Neoforelius tucumanus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Neoforelius in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Kusnezov, 1953b: 327.
Neoforelius as genus: Kusnezov, 1953b: 327; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 160; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Neoforelius as junior synonym of Forelius: Shattuck, 1992c: 87; Shattuck, 1994: 91; Bolton, 1994: 26; Cuezzo, 2000: 204; Bolton, 2003: 88.
Genus Forelius references
Dalla Torre, 1893: 168 (catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 35 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1916a: 74 (Argentina species key); Creighton, 1950a: 343 (North America species, review); Kusnezov, 1957b: 16 (Neotropical species key); Kempf, 1972a: 108, 160 (Neotropical Forelius, Neoforelius catalogues); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419 (North America catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 56 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Brandão, 1991: 344 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 87 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 91 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 190 (catalogue); Cuezzo, 2000: 197 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 227 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Guerrero & Fernández, 2008: 58 (addition to key).
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes TRUE TRUE FALSE6 species
Lasiophanes Emery, 1895i: 16 [as subgenus of Melophorus]. Type-species: Formica nigriventris (junior primary homonym in Formica; Formica atriventris is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 165.
Taxonomic history
Lasiophanes in Camponotinae, Melophorini: Forel, 1917: 248.
Lasiophanes in Formicinae, Melophorini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 695; Emery, 1925b: 12; Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 70; all subsequent authors except the following.
Lasiophanes in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Lasiophanes in Formicinae, Lasiini: Bolton, 2003: 22, 96.
Lasiophanes as subgenus of Melophorus: Emery, 1895i: 16; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1917: 248; Emery, 1922a: 90; Emery, 1925b: 12; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.
Lasiophanes as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 695; Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 71; Kusnezov, 1952c: 90; Kusnezov, 1956: 31; Kempf, 1972a: 128; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104; all subsequent authors.
Genus Lasiophanes references
Emery, 1922a: 91 (species key); Emery, 1925b: 12 (Melophorus (Lasiophanes) diagnosis, catalogue); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina species key); Kempf, 1972a: 128 (catalogue); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (all species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 220 (catalogue).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Paratrechina TRUE TRUE FALSE1 species
Paratrechina Motschoulsky, 1863: 13. Type-species: Paratrechina currens (junior synonym of Formica longicornis), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 682.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Prenolepidini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 218; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Myrmelachistinini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 652; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Brachymyrmecini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Lasiini: Emery, 1925b: 216; Stitz, 1939: 379; Bernard, 1953b: 257; Kempf, 1972a: 182; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Jaffe, 1993: 14; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Bolton, 2003: 23, 104.
Paratrechina as junior synonym of Prenolepis: Dalla Torre, 1893: 177; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 940.
Paratrechina as genus: Emery, 1925b: 216; all subsequent authors.
Genus Paratrechina references
References prior to 2010 also include Nylanderia and Paraparatrechina.
André, 1882b: 203 (Europe & Algeria species key); Forel, 1894c: 406 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 941, 1037 (Afrotropical, Malagasy P. (Nylanderia) catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 216 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 217 (P. (Nylanderia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 224 (Andragnathus diagnosis, catalogue); Finzi, 1936: 191 (Egypt species key); Buren, 1944a: 295 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 404 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197, 214, 218 (Asia Andragnathus, Nylanderia, Paratrechina checklists); Kusnezov, 1956: 32 (Argentina species key); Bernard, 1967: 347 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 166, 182 (Neotropical Nylanderia, Paratrechina catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 556 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442 (North America, catalogue); Trager, 1984b: 65 (Nearctic species revision, key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 64 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Collingwood, 1985: 298 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 129 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 52 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Brandão, 1991: 365 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1991: 20 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 312 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 150 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 369 (Saudi Arabia species key); Terayama, 1999c: 50 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 104 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 177 (China, Guangxi species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 354 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Terayama, 2009: 210 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 104 (south-western Australia species key); LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127 (diagnosis).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 131 species, 10 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831b: 106. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrmex in Pseudomyrmecinae: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PSEUDOMYRMEX
Leptalea Erichson, 1839: 309. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
Leptalea in Pseudomyrmecinae: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656.
Leptalea as junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
[Leptalaea Spinola, 1851b: 52 and Spinola, 1853: 68, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
[Pseudomyrmex and Leptalea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Pseudomyrma Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma bicolor, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrma in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 153.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 328; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Myrmeciidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Pseudomyrminae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 86; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Pseudomyrma in Pseudomyrminae: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 654; Donisthorpe, 1941d: 27; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudomyrma as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; Kempf, 1972a: 214; Ward, 1990: 469; Bolton, 1994: 184.
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427. Type-species: Myrmex perboscii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Myrmex Sturm, 1826: 32 (Coleoptera).]
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Clavanoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Clavanoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469. [Pseudomyrmex and Clavanoda share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Ornatinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ornatinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Triangulinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma spinicola, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Triangulinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Apedunculata Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apedunculata as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Latinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma latinoda, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Latinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Genus Pseudomyrmex references
Smith, F. 1858b: 153 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 24 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 451 (Leptalea, Pseudomyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 407 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Smith, 1877b: 58 (checklist); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 55 (catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 28 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1932a: 44 (Argentina species key); Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 (all species keys); Creighton, 1950a: 79 (North America species key); Kempf, 1961a: 373 (P. gracilis group, partial key); Kempf, 1972a: 215 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 9 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1345 (North America catalogue); Ward, 1985b: 215 (Nearctic species key); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Ward, 1989: 407 (P. oculatus group, key); Ward, 1989: 430 (P. subtilissimus group, key); Ward, 1990: 469 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Ward, 1992: 76 (†Dominican Amber species key); Ward, 1993: 130 (swollen-thorn Acacia-associated species key); Bolton, 1994: 184 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 370 (catalogue); Ward, 1999b: 473 (P. viduus group, and other Tachigali- and Triplaris-associated species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton TRUE TRUE FALSE12 species, 17 subspecies
Eciton Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica hamata, by subsequent designation of Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 173.
Taxonomic history
Eciton in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 172.
Eciton in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 148.
Eciton in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 259[Myrmicidae].
Eciton in Dorylinae: Forel, 1878: 365 (footnote) [Dorylidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1; Forel, 1895b: 118; Forel, 1899c: 22.
Eciton in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 765 [Ecitonii]; Emery, 1910b: 17 [Ecitini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 312; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 101; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Eciton in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Eciton in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of ECITON
Ancylognathus Lund, 1831a: 121, 135. Type-species: Ancylognathus lugubris, nomen nudum. [Ancylognathus material referred to Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 160; all subsequent authors.]
Camptognatha Gray, G.R. 1832: 516. Type-species: Camptognatha testacea (junior synonym of Formica hamata), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Camptognatha as junior synonym of Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 160; Roger, 1863b: 36; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1; Emery, 1910b: 19; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Mayromyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 381. Type-species: Labidus fargeavii (junior synonym of Atta quadriglumis), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mayromyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Mayromyrmex as junior synonym of Eciton: Emery, 1906a: 718; Emery, 1910b: 19; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Holopone Santschi, 1925b: 11 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton rapax, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Holopone as junior synonym of Eciton: Borgmeier, 1936: 55; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Genus Eciton references
Smith, F. 1858b: 148 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 36 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 408 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 17, 77 (diagnosis, all species key); Mayr, 1886a: 115 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 1 (catalogue); Emery, 1900a: 176 (all species, males key); Emery, 1910b: 17 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 162, 175 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 101 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 9 (all species key); Watkins, 1982: 209 (Mexico species key); Billen, 1986: 170 (Dufour's gland); Brandão, 1991: 341 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 184 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 151 (Colombia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus TRUE TRUE FALSE7 species, 1 subspecies
Labidus Jurine, 1807: 282. Type-species: Labidus latreillii (junior synonym of Formica coeca), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidus in Dorylidae: Leach, 1815: 147 [Dorylida]; Haliday, 1836: 331; Shuckard, 1840a: 196; Smith, F. 1859b: 1; Cresson, 1887: 259.
Labidus in Dorylinae: Mayr, 1865: 16 [Dorylidae]; Forel, 1878: 365 (footnote) [Dorylidae].
Labidus in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Emery, 1910b: 21 [Ecitini]; Forel, 1917: 240; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 126; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Labidus in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Labidus in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Labidus as junior synonym of Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 1.
Labidus as subgenus of Eciton: Emery, 1910b: 21; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 312; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 41; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Creighton, 1950a: 61; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 779; Kusnezov, 1956: 9.
Labidus as genus: Jurine, 1807: 282; Shuckard, 1840a: 196; Borgmeier, 1953: 4; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of LABIDUS
Nycteresia Roger, 1861a: 21. Type-species: Formica coeca, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Nycteresia in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae].
Nycteresia as junior synonym of Eciton: Mayr, 1865: 76; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1.
Nycteresia as junior synonym of Labidus: Emery, 1910b: 21; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 675; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; all subsequent authors.
Pseudodichthadia André, 1885: 838. Type-species: Pseudodichthadia incerta (junior synonym of Formica coeca), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylidae: André, 1885: 838.
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 7.
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 765 [Ecitonii].
Pseudodichthadia as junior synonym of Eciton: André, in Forel, 1899c: 160 (footnote).
Pseudodichthadia as junior synonym of Labidus: Emery, 1910b: 21; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; all subsequent authors.
Genus Labidus references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 41 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 436 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 16 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1910b: 21 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina species key); Creighton, 1950a: 62 (North America species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 80, 84 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 126 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 8 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1327 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 209 (Mexico species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 219 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 153 (Colombia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 124 species, 1 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Neivamyrmex Borgmeier, 1940: 606 [as subgenus of Eciton].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Acamatus Emery, 1894c: 181; junior homonym of Acamatus Schoenherr, 1833: 20 (Coleoptera.]
Neivamyrmex in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Neivamyrmex in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Neivamyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Neivamyrmex as subgenus of Eciton: Creighton, 1950a: 64; Kusnezov, 1956: 8.
Neivamyrmex as genus: Borgmeier, 1950c: 624; Borgmeier, 1955: 277; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors except the above entry.
Junior synonym of NEIVAMYRMEX
Woitkowskia Enzmann, E.V. 1952: 443. Type-species: Woitkowskia connectens (junior synonym of Labidus walkerii), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Woitkowskia as junior synonym of Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 277; all subsequent authors.
Genus Neivamyrmex references
Emery, 1894c: 183 (species key); Emery, 1910b: 23 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 348 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1942c: 542 (U.S.A. species key); Buren, 1944a: 280 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 66 (North America species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 277, 290 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Watkins, 1971: 93 (U.S.A. species key); Kempf, 1972a: 152 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1972: 348 (U.S.A. species key); Watkins, 1976: 11 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1329 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico species key); Watkins, 1985: 481 (U.S.A. species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 19 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Brandão, 1991: 359 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 287 (catalogue); Ward, 1999a: 90 (modification of Watkins, 1985 key); Palacio, 1999: 154 (Colombia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 40 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Coovert, 2005: 30 (U.S.A., Ohio species key); Snelling, G.C & Snelling, R.R., 2007: 462 (U.S.A. species, keys).
Homonym replaced by NEIVAMYRMEX
Acamatus Emery, 1894c: 181 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton (Acamatus) schmitti (junior synonym of Labidus nigrescens), by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1906: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 157.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Acamatus Schoenherr, 1833: 20 (Coleoptera).]
Acamatus in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Acamatus in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Emery, 1910b: 23 [Ecitini].
Acamatus as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Acamatus as subgenus of Eciton: Emery, 1894c: 181; Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1910b: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 345; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 44; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618.
Extant: 15 species
Fossil: 1 species
Ectatomma Smith, F. 1858b: 102. Type-species: Formica tuberculata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 82.
Taxonomic history
Ectatomma in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 102; Smith, F. 1871a: 324.
Ectatomma in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 14 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 75 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23.
Ectatomma in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Forel, 1895b: 112; Forel, 1899c: 5; Forel, 1900d: 316.
Ectatomma in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectatomma in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 33; Forel, 1917: 236; Gallardo, 1918b: 27; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; all subsequent authors to the following.
Ectatomma in Ectatomminae, Ectatommini: Bolton, 2003: 46.
Genus Ectatomma references
Roger, 1863b: 17 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 409 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 14 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 87 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 23 (catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 41 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Gallardo, 1918b: 30 (Argentina species key); Kusnezov, 1957b: 13 (partial key); Brown, 1958g: 206 (review of genus, key); Kempf, 1972a: 104 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1336 (North America catalogue); Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 6 (all species key); Brandão, 1991: 341 (catalogue); Fernández, 1991: 551 (Colombia species key); Lattke, 1994: 109 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 186 (catalogue) ); Arias-Penna, 2008b: 56 (all species key).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 137 species
Fossil: 6 species
Gnamptogenys Roger, 1863a: 174. Type-species: Ponera tornata, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1911d: 44.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Ectatomma concinna, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164; see Emery, 1912d: 271 and Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79.]
Gnamptogenys in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Gnamptogenys in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Gnamptogenys in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 44; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; all subsequent authors to the following.
Gnamptogenys in Ectatomminae, Ectatommini: Bolton, 2003: 46.
Gnamptogenys as subgenus of Ectatomma: Mayr, 1887: 540; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23; Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 113; Forel, 1899c: 7; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 44; Gallardo, 1918b: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 644; Borgmeier, 1923: 60; Kusnezov, 1956: 14.
Gnamptogenys as genus: Roger, 1863a: 174; Forel, 1917: 236; Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of GNAMPTOGENYS
Stictoponera Mayr, 1887: 539 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ponera coxalis, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 82.
Taxonomic history
Stictoponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Stictoponera in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 47; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728.
Stictoponera as subgenus of Ectatomma: Mayr, 1887: 539; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23; Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 316; Bingham, 1903: 82; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Stictoponera as genus: Emery, 1911d: 47; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728.
Stictoponera as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Holcoponera Mayr, 1887: 540 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Gnamptogenys striatula, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1911d: 40.
Taxonomic history
Holcoponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Holcoponera in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 40; Forel, 1917: 236; Gallardo, 1918b: 21; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; all subsequent authors.
Holcoponera as subgenus of Ectatomma: Mayr, 1887: 540; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23; Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Holcoponera as genus: Emery, 1902a: 181; Emery, 1911d: 40; Forel, 1917: 236; Gallardo, 1918b: 21; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; Borgmeier, 1923: 55; Santschi, 1929h: 437; Kusnezov, 1956: 14.
Holcoponera as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Alfaria Emery, 1896e: 177 (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Alfaria simulans, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Alfaria also described as new by Emery, 1896g: 41.]
Alfaria in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Forel, 1899c: 3.
Alfaria in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Alfaria in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 46; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; all subsequent authors.
Alfaria as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Poneracantha Emery, 1897d: 547 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma (Holcoponera) bispinosum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Poneracantha as subgenus of Ectatomma: Emery, 1911d: 43; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643.
Poneracantha as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Rhopalopone Emery, 1897d: 549. Type-species: Rhopalopone epinotalis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhopalopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Rhopalopone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1911d: 34 [subtribe Typhlomyrmecini]; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; all subsequent authors.
Rhopalopone as genus: Emery, 1911d: 34; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Borgmeier, 1923: 54.
Rhopalopone as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Emeryella Forel, 1901e: 334. Type-species: Emeryella schmitti, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Emeryella in Pachycondylinae, Amblyoponini: Ashmead, 1905b: 283.
Emeryella in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 46; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 13; all subsequent authors.
Emeryella as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Mictoponera Forel, 1901e: 372 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma (Mictoponera) diehlii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mictoponera as subgenus of Ectatomma: Forel, 1901e: 372; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Mictoponera as junior synonym of Rhopalopone: Emery, 1911d: 34.
Mictoponera as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Parectatomma Emery, 1911d: 44 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma triangulare, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Parectatomma as subgenus of Ectatomma: Emery, 1911d: 44; Creighton, 1950a: 35; Kusnezov, 1956: 14.
Parectatomma as subgenus of Gnamptogenys: Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643.
Parectatomma as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Spaniopone Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 11. Type-species: Spaniopone haytiana, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Spaniopone in Ponerinae, Proceratiini: Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 13; Wheeler, W.M. 1916i: 36; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 645; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 727.
Spaniopone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1919c: 107.
Spaniopone as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Wheeleripone Mann, 1919: 282. Type-species: Wheeleripone albiclava, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wheeleripone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736.
Wheeleripone as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Opisthoscyphus Mann, 1922: 4. Type-species: Opisthoscyphus scabrosus (junior synonym of Alfaria minuta), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Opisthoscyphus in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 13; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 678.
Opisthoscyphus as junior synonym of Alfaria: Brown, in Borgmeier, 1957: 115.
Opisthoscyphus as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Commateta Santschi, 1929h: 476 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma (Parectatomma) bruchi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Commateta as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Tammoteca Santschi, 1929h: 476 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma concinnum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tammoteca as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Barbourella Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 10 [as subgenus of Emeryella]. Type-species: Emeryella (Barbourella) banksi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Barbourella as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Genus Gnamptogenys references
Roger, 1863b: 19 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 422 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 15 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 963 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 540 (diagnosis); Emery, 1889b: 494 (Ectatomma (Stictoponera) species key); Emery, 1896g: 43, 44 (G. (Holcoponera), G. (Gnamptogenys) species keys; Forel, 1900d: 316 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 82 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 34 (Rhopalopone diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 40 (Holcoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 43 (Ectatomma (Poneracantha) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 44 (Ectatomma (Parectatomma) & E. (Gnamptogenys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 46 (Emeryella diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 46 (Alfaria diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 47 (Stictoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1918b: 22, 42 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1919: 286 (Wheeleripone species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1924b: 240 (Rhopalopone species key); Santschi, 1929h: 471 (Holcoponera species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 26, 29 (Asia Rhopalopone, Stictoponera checklists); Brown, 1954h: 1 (G. coxalis group species); Brown, 1956: 489 (Holcoponera species notes); Brown, 1958g: 211 (revision of genus, all species keys); Brown, 1958g: 230 (New World species revision, key); Brown, 1958g: 237 (Old World species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 111 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1337 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 30 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 28 (Australia checklist); Brandão & Lattke, 1990: 489 (Alfaria group, status); Lattke, 1990b: 22 (Venezuela species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10 (synoptic classification); Brandão, 1991: 344 (Neotropical catalogue); Lattke, 1992a: 123 (G. minuta group, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 208 (catalogue); Lattke, 1995: 149 (New World species revision, key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 36 (China species key); Xu & Zhang, 1996: 56 (China species key); Shattuck, 1999: 185 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 31 (China, Guangxi species key); Lattke, 2004: 51 (Old World species revision, key); Lattke, Fernández & Palacio, 2007: 257 (New World species key); Lattke, Fernández, et al. 2008: 68 (Colombia species key).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 115 species
Fossil: 16 species
Cephalotes Latreille, 1802a: 357. Type-species: Formica atrata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cephalotes, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 160; corrected by Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 78.]
Cephalotes in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 303; all subsequent authors to 1949, and Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Cephalotes in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 19; Kempf, 1951: 105; all subsequent authors except the above.
Cephalotes as junior synonym of Cryptocerus: Fabricius, 1804: 419.
Junior synonyms of CEPHALOTES
Cryptocerus Latreille, 1803: 311. Type-species: Formica atrata, by subsequent designation of Latreille, 1810: 437.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Cryptocerus umbraculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1914c: 38, repeated in Emery, 1924d: 305.]
Cryptocerus in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 170.
Cryptocerus in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Smith, F. 1853: 214; Emery, 1877a: 81.
Cryptocerus in Poneridae, Cryptoceridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 187.
Cryptocerus in Cryptoceridae: Smith, F. 1876d: 605.
Cryptocerus in Cryptoceridae, Cryptocerinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Cryptocerus in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 25 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1866b: 907 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 140.
Cryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Forel, 1892d: 345; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 133; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 305; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 59.
Cryptocerus as junior synonym of Cephalotes: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 78; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 635; Smith, M.R. 1949c: 19; Kempf, 1951: 105; all subsequent authors except the above. [Cephalotes and Cryptocerus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
[Cryptocephalus Lowne, 1865b: 336, incorrect subsequent spelling of Cryptocerus in the combination Cryptocephalus pubescens; current combination Meranoplus pubescens: Bolton, 1981a: 47.]
Zacryptocerus Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 175 (see also footnote). Type-species: Cryptocerus clypeatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Zacryptocerus Ashmead, 1905b: 384, nomen nudum. (Based on a non-existent type-species: Cryptocerus multistrigus, nomen nudum, attributed to Smith, F.).]
Zacryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 304; all subsequent authors except the following; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Zacryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Kempf, 1951: 133; all subsequent authors.
Zacryptocerus as junior synonym of Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 59.
Paracryptocerus Emery, 1915i: 192 [as subgenus of Cryptocerus]. Type-species: Cryptocerus spinosus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 306; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 680.
Paracryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 20; Kempf, 1951: 153; all subsequent authors.
Paracryptocerus as subgenus of Cryptocerus: Emery, 1915i: 192; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 306.
Paracryptocerus as genus: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 20; Kempf, 1951: 153; Kempf, 1972a: 175.
Paracryptocerus as junior synonym of Zacryptocerus: Kempf, 1973c: 460; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1402.
Hypocryptocerus Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53 [as subgenus of Cryptocerus]. Type-species: Formica haemorrhoidalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypocryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 200; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 652.
Hypocryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Kempf, 1951: 143.
Hypocryptocerus as subgenus of Cryptocerus: Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665.
Hypocryptocerus as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 200; Kempf, 1951: 143; Kempf, 1972a: 120.
Hypocryptocerus as junior synonym of Zacryptocerus: Kempf, 1973c: 460; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1402.
Cyathomyrmex Creighton, 1933: 100 [as subgenus of Cryptocerus].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Cyathocephalus Emery; junior homonym of Cyathocephalus Kessler, 1868: 135 (Cestoda).]
Cyathomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 21.
Cyathomyrmex as subgenus of Cryptocerus: Creighton, 1933: 100; Creighton, 1950a: 298.
Cyathomyrmex as subgenus of Paracryptocerus: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 21; Kempf, 1951: 156.
Cyathomyrmex as junior synonym of Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1972a: 175.
Homonym replaced by Cyathomyrmex
Cyathocephalus Emery, 1915i: 192 [as subgenus of Cryptocerus]. Type-species: Cryptocerus pallens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Cyathocephalus Emery junior homonym of Cyathocephalus Kessler, 1868: 135 (Cestoda).]
Cyathocephalus as subgenus of Cryptocerus: Emery, 1915i: 192; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 311.
Harnedia Smith, M.R. 1949c: 20 [as subgenus of Paracryptocerus]. Type-species: Cryptocerus umbraculatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Harnedia in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 20; Kempf, 1951: 233.
Harnedia as subgenus of Paracryptocerus: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 20; Kempf, 1951: 233.
Harnedia as junior synonym of Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1972a: 175.
Eucryptocerus Kempf, 1951: 127. Type-species: Cryptocerus oculatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Eucryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Kempf, 1951: 127; all subsequent authors except the following.
Eucryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Eucryptocerus as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 107; Kempf, 1973c: 460; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Eucryptocerus as junior synonym of Cephalotes: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 59.
†Exocryptocerus Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 159. Type-species: †Exocryptocerus serratus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Exocryptocerus as junior synonym of Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 59.
Genus Cephalotes references
Smith, F. 1853: 215 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 187 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 38 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 405 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 25 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 140 (catalogue); Santschi, 1920f: 149 (species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665 (Cryptocerus subgenera, key); Emery, 1924d: 303 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 304 (Zacryptocerus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 305 (Cryptocerus diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 306 (C. (Paracryptocerus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 308 (C. (Cryptocerus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 311 (C. (Cyathocephalus) diagnosis, catalogue); Smith, M.R. 1947a: 29 (U.S.A. species key); Creighton, 1950a: 296 (North America species key); Kempf, 1951: 107 (diagnosis, revision, key); Kempf, 1951: 127 (Eucryptocerus species revision, key); Kempf, 1951: 134 (Zacryptocerus species revision, key); Kempf, 1951: 143 (Hypocryptocerus species revision, key); Kempf, 1951: 153 (Paracryptocerus species revision, key); Kempf, 1952: 5 (Paracryptocerus (Harnedia) pinellii complex revision, key); Kempf, 1958a: 10 (Argentina Paracryptocerus species key); Kempf, 1958a: 64 (Paracryptocerus subgenera, key); Kempf, 1958a: 66 (Paracryptocerus (Harnedia) species revision, key); Kempf, 1958a: 145 (Paracryptocerus (Cyathomyrmex) species revision, key); Kempf, 1960f: 443 (addition to 1958 key); Snelling, R.R. 1968a: 9 (C. wheeleri complex, key); Kempf, 1972a: 75, 107, 120, 175, 259 (Neotropical Cephalotes, Eucryptocerus, Hypocryptocerus, Paracryptocerus, Zacryptocerus catalogues); Kempf, 1974a: 73 (Paracryptocerus pinelii group, key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1402 (North America catalogue); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13 (synoptic classification); Brandão, 1991: 337, 343, 383 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 140, 189, 424 (catalogue); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 736 (diagnosis, all species revision, key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE30 species, 30 subspecies
Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865: 83 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Formica hystrix, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Acromyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Acromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 347; all subsequent authors.
Acromyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Mayr, 1865: 83; Forel, 1885a: 354; Dalla Torre, 1893: 151; Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 30; Emery, 1905c: 39; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669.
Acromyrmex as genus: Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Emery, 1924d: 347; Santschi, 1925a: 355; all subsequent authors.
Subgenera of ACROMYRMEX include the nominal plus the following.
Subgenus ACROMYRMEX (MOELLERIUS)
Moellerius Forel, 1893e: 589 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta (Acromyrmex) landolti, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.
Taxonomic history
Moellerius as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1893e: 589; Forel, 1899c: 30; Emery, 1905c: 39; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 669; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669.
Moellerius as junior synonym of Acromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional].
Moellerius as subgenus of Acromyrmex: Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Emery, 1924d: 350; all subsequent authors except the above.
Genus Acromyrmex references
Forel, 1885a: 361 (all species key); Emery, 1905c: 40 (all species key); Gallardo, 1916d: 325 (Argentina species key); Emery, 1924d: 347 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 350 (A. (Moellerius) diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1925a: 388 (all species revision, key); Creighton, 1950a: 326 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1956: 33 (Argentina species key); Gonçalves, 1961: 118 (Brazil species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 10 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 42 (Cuba checklist); Zolessi & Abenante, 1977: 73 (Uruguay species, male genitalia); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1412 (North America catalogue); Fowler, 1988: 284 (A. (Moellerius) species key); Cherrett & Cherrett, 1989: 1 (bibliography); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1047 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 54 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Attini Atta TRUE TRUE FALSE15 species
Atta Fabricius, 1804: 421. Type-species: Formica cephalotes, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 159.
Taxonomic history
Atta in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 172.
Atta in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 161.
Atta in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 459 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 77 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 65 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 333 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 259 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 150.
Atta in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Atta in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae, Attidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 30; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 352; all subsequent authors.
[Myrmegis (nomen nudum) referable to Atta: Brown, 1973b: 182 (see under Myrmegis).]
Junior synonyms of ATTA
Oecodoma Latreille, 1818: 222. Type-species: Formica cephalotes, by subsequent designation of Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 174.
Taxonomic history
Oecodoma in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 176.
Oecodoma in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 180.
Oecodoma as junior synonym of Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35. [Atta and Oecodoma share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Archeatta Gonçalves, 1942: 342 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Oecodoma mexicana, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Archeatta as subgenus of Atta: Gonçalves, 1942: 342; Borgmeier, 1959b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 27.
Archeatta as junior synonym of Atta: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 832; Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Neoatta Gonçalves, 1942: 346 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Formica sexdens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoatta as subgenus of Atta: Gonçalves, 1942: 346; Borgmeier, 1959b: 358; Kempf, 1972a: 27.
Neoatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Palaeatta Borgmeier, 1950d: 244 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta bisphaerica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Palaeatta as subgenus of Atta: Borgmeier, 1950d: 244; Borgmeier, 1959b: 377; Kempf, 1972a: 28.
Palaeatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Epiatta Borgmeier, 1950d: 246 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Oecodoma laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Epiatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8.
Epiatta as junior synonym of Neoatta: Borgmeier, 1959b: 358.
Genus Atta references
Mayr, 1855: 459 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 161, 180 (Atta, Oecodoma diagnoses); Mayr, 1861: 66 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 35 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 437 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 18 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 150 (catalogue); Gallardo, 1916d: 340 (Argentina species key); Emery, 1924d: 352 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gonçalves, 1942: 334 (all species key); Gonçalves, 1947a: 186 (south & central Brazil species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 82 (Asia checklist, anachronisms); Borgmeier, 1959b: 335 (subgenera key); Borgmeier, 1959b: 337 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 26 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1413 (North America catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 1988: 25 (Colombia species key); Cherrett & Cherrett, 1989: 1 (bibliography); Brandão, 1991: 328 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 75 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 39 species
Fossil: 2 species
Cyphomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 651 (diagnosis in key), 690. Type-species: Cyphomyrmex minutus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Cryptocerus rimosus, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161. Type-species not Meranoplus difformis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1924d: 340.]
Cyphomyrmex in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 651 (in key) [Formicidae].
Cyphomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Cyphomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 25 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 149.
Cyphomyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Dacetonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Cyphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 40; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d; 339; all subsequent authors.
Cyphomyrmex as junior synonym of Cataulacus: Roger, 1863b: 39.
Cyphomyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1912e: 188.
Cyphomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1862: 690; Mayr, 1863: 406; Emery, 1913b: 251; Bruch, 1914: 217; Emery, 1914a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d; 339; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CYPHOMYRMEX
Cyphomannia Weber, 1938b: 183 [as subgenus of Cyphomyrmex]. Type-species: Cyphomyrmex (Cyphomannia) laevigatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cyphomannia as subgenus of Cyphomyrmex: Weber, 1938b: 183; Weber, 1966: 166.
Cyphomannia as junior synonym of Cyphomyrmex: Kempf, 1962b: 29; Kempf, 1968a: 39; Kempf, 1972a: 92; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Genus Cyphomyrmex references
Mayr, 1863: 406 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 25 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1887: 556 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 149 (catalogue); Emery, 1924d; 340 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Kusnezov, 1949d: 436 (Argentina species key); Weber, 1940a: 408 (all species key); Creighton, 1950a: 316 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1957b: 9 (Neotropical species, partial key); Kempf, 1962b: 30 (species groups); Kempf, 1964d: 5 (C. strigatus group revision, key); Kempf, 1966: 161 (C. rimosus group revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 92 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1410 (North America catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 339 (catalogue); Snelling, R.R. & Longino, 1992: 480 (C. rimosus group revision, key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 167 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Pseudoatta TRUE TRUE FALSE1 species, 1 subspecies
Pseudoatta Gallardo, 1916d: 320. Type-species: Pseudoatta argentina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudoatta in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1924d: 346; all subsequent authors.
Pseudoatta as junior synonym of Acromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional].
Genus Pseudoatta references
Emery, 1924d: 346 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 214 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 369 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia TRUE TRUE FALSE10 species
Wasmannia Forel, 1893g: 383. Type-species: Tetramorium auropunctatum, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 174.
Taxonomic history
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae: Forel, 1893g: 383.
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 126; Forel, 1899c: 54.
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895j: 770.
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141.
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae, Ochetomyrmecini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664, 912; Emery, 1924d: 293; all subsequent authors to the following.
Wasmannia incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Kempf, 1975c: 358; Jaffe, 1993: 12.
Wasmannia in Myrmicinae, Blepharidattini: Bolton, 1994: 105.
Wasmannia as junior synonym of Ochetomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional].
Wasmannia as genus: Kempf, 1975c: 357; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 398; Bolton, 1994: 100, 102.
Junior synonym of WASMANNIA
Hercynia Enzmann, J. 1947a: 43. Type-species: Hercynia panamana (junior synonym of Tetramorium auropunctatum), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hercynia as junior synonym of Wasmannia: Brown, 1948d: 102.
Genus Wasmannia references
Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 912 (Afrotropical catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 293 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kusnezov, 1952e: 181 (Argentina species key); Kempf, 1972a: 257 (catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 81 (New Caledonia checklist); Brandão, 1991: 383 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 423 (catalogue); Longino & Fernández, 2007: 273 (all species revision, keys).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 386 species, 30 subspecies
Fossil: 3 species
Monomorium Mayr, 1855: 452. Type-species: Monomorium monomorium (replacement name for Monomorium minutum, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Monomorium in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 452 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 65.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 124; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 78; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Arnold, 1916: 203; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of MONOMORIUM
Phacota Roger, 1862b: 260. Type-species: Phacota sichelii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Phacota in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Phacota in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 71.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 187; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; all subsequent authors except the entry below; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Phacota as genus: Bolton, 1987: 281.
Phacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865: 19. Type-species: Trichomyrmex rogeri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 72.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733.
Trichomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
†Lampromyrmex Mayr, 1868c: 93. Type-species: †Monomorium mayrianum (replacement name for †Lampromyrmex gracillimus, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1868c: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 78.
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 183 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.
†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45.
†Lampromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.
Holcomyrmex Mayr, 1879: 671. Type-species: Holcomyrmex scabriceps, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 280.
Taxonomic history
[Holcomyrmex Smith, F. 1873: ix, nomen nudum, attributed to Mayr.]
Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 181 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 650.
Holcomyrmex as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 65; Forel, 1903a: 692; Bingham, 1903: 280.
Holcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 181; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Holcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Emery, 1908h: 667; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 295.
Epoecus Emery, 1893a: cclxxvi. Type-species: Epoecus pergandei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Anergatini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 204; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.
Epoecus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.
Wheeleriella Forel, 1907f: 145.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171; junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]
Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 186; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wheeleriella as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 291.
Homonym replaced by Wheeleriella
Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171. Type-species: Wheeleria santschii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]
Epixenus Emery, 1908f: 556. Type-species: Epixenus andrei (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium advena), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Epixenus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 184; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.
Epixenus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown & Wilson, 1957bb: 244; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287; Tinaut & Ortiz, 1988: 167.
Mitara Emery, 1913b: 261 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium laeve, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mitara in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; all subsequent authors.
Mitara as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1913b: 261; Emery, 1915i: 190; Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242.
Mitara as junior synonym of †Lampromyrmex: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162, 676.
Mitara as genus: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 662.
Mitara as junior synoynm of Monomorium: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.
Chelaner Emery, 1914f: 410 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Chelaner) forcipatum, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1922e: 168.
Taxonomic history
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 168; all subsequent authors except the following.
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81.
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Chelaner as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1914f: 410; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Chelaner as genus: Ettershank, 1966: 93; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Chelaner (and its junior synonyms Notomyrmex, Protholcomyrmex, Schizopelta) as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 300; Heterick, 2001: 354.
Notomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Atta antarctica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Notomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Kusnezov, 1956: 20.
Notomyrmex as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 269 (in key); Kusnezov, 1960b: 343; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 60.
Notomyrmex as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Parholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Myrmica gracillima (junior synonym of Atta destructor), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Parholcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 179; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; subsequent authors to the following.
Parholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
[Paraholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 191, Forel, 1917: 242, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
Xeromyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica salomonis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xeromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677.
Xeromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 294.
Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915c: 259 [as subgenus of Monomorium.] Type-species: Monomorium modestum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 175; all subsequent authors to the following.
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81.
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Syllophopsis as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1915c: 259; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 729; Arnold, 1952a: 465.
Syllophopsis as genus: Santschi, 1921c: 119; Santschi, 1936a: 32; Ettershank, 1966: 100.
Syllophopsis as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 287.
[Syllopsis Santschi, 1921c: 120, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Corynomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Corynomyrmex) hospitum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Corynomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 174.
Corynomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.
Isolcomyrmex Santschi, 1917b: 296 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex santschii (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium santschianum), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isolcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1917b: 296; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Isolcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
[Isholcomyrmex Santschi, 1936a: 32, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Paraphacota Santschi, 1919d: 90. Type-species: Paraphacota surcoufi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Phacota noualhieri, unjustified subsequent designation by Santschi, 1927d: 245; repeated in Ettershank, 1966: 82 and Bolton, 1973a: 352.]
Paraphacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681.
Paraphacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Santschi, 1927d: 243; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 293.
Equestrimessor Santschi, 1919d: 92 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex chobauti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 644.
Taxonomic history
Equestrimessor as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1919d: 92;Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677; Santschi, 1936a: 32.
Equestrimessor as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287, 297.
[Equessimessor Santschi, 1936a: 32, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xenhyboma Santschi, 1919g: 405. Type-species: Xenhyboma mystes (junior synonym of Monomorium medinae), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xenhyboma in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736.
Xenhyboma as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Espadaler, 1982b: 112; Bolton, 1987: 293.
Protholcomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium rothsteini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Protholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Ireneidris Donisthorpe, 1943c: 81. Type-species: Ireneidris myops (junior synonym of Monomorium talpa), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ireneidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini [subtribe Monomoriini]: Donisthorpe, 1943c: 82.
Ireneidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 298.
Schizopelta McAreavey, 1949: 14. Type-species: Schizopelta falcata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Schizopelta as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Nothidris Ettershank, 1966: 105. Type-species: Monomorium latastei, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmex genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmecini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kempf, 1972a: 165; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Nothidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Pharaophanes Bernard, 1967: 168 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica pharaonis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pharaophanes Bernard, 1953b: 238 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Unavailable name; proposed without designation of type-species. Species included by Bernard (1953) are all referable to Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 288; Bolton, 1995b: 42 (see also note in Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 90).]
Pharaophanes as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 2003: 213.
Antichthonidris Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5. Type-species: Monomorium denticulatum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Antichthonidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Heterick, 2001: 361.
Epelysidris Bolton, 1987: 279. Type-species: Epelysidris brocha, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995a: 1049; Bolton, 1995b: 188.
Epelysidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Genus Monomorium references
Roger, 1863b: 30, 31 (Phacota, Monomorium catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 429, 440 (Monomorium, Phacota catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 22 (Trichomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 95 (Monomorium diagnosis); Mayr, 1876: 100 (Australia Monomorium species key); Emery, 1881b: 530 (Mediterranean & Red Sea Monomorium species key); André, 1883a: 331, 343 (Europe & Algeria Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); André, 1883b: 397 (Phacota); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. Monomorium catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 69 (Russia Monomorium species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 65, 71, 72, 78 (Holcomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota, Trichomyrmex, †Lampromyrmex catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 685, 692 (India & Sri Lanka Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Bingham, 1903: 200, 282 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 633 (Russian Empire Monomorium species key); Emery, 1908h: 664 (Palaearctic Monomorium species key); Emery, 1915i: 190 (Monomorium subgenera key); Arnold, 1916: 203, 204 (Monomorium diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916b: 161 (Italy Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1921c: 121 (Syllophopsis species key); Emery, 1922e: 166 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 168 (M. (Chelaner) & M. (Notomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 170 (M. (Monomorium) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 174 (M. (Corynomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 175 (M. (Syllophopsis) & M. (Xeromyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 179 (M. (Parholcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 181 (M. (Holcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 183 (M. (Lampromyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 184 (Epixenus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 185 (Trichomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 186 (Wheeleriella diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 187 (Phacota diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 204 (Epoecus diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 161, 675, 862, 1026 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1933b: 64 (Israel Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1936a: 33 (Mediterranean & Africa M. (Xeromyrmex) key); Buren, 1944a: 289 (U.S.A., Iowa Monomorium species key); Kusnezov, 1949a: 431 (Argentina Monomorium species); Creighton, 1950a: 217 (North America Monomorium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 239 (Epoecus, review of genus); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 162, 169 (Asia Ireneidris, Monomorium, Trichomyrmex, Wheeleriella checklists); Bernard, 1955b: 282 (Epixenus species key); Brown, 1958h: 28 (New Zealand Monomorium species key); Gregg, 1963: 367 (U.S.A., Colorado Monomorium species key); Ettershank, 1966: 82, 93, 100 (Monomorium, Chelaner, Syllophopsis diagnoses, reviews of genera, checklists); Bernard, 1967: 165 (Monomorium diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 143 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 165 (Nothidris catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 14 (Cuba Monomorium species key); Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5 (Nothidris all species key); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 79 (Nothidris all species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (former European U.S.S.R. Monomorium species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula Monomorium species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381 (North America Monomorium catalogue); Tohmé & Tohmé, 1980a: 1087 (Lebanon & Syria Epixenus species key); Collingwood, 1985: 267 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55, 70 (Australia Chelaner, Monomorium catalogues); DuBois, 1986: 74 (Nearctic Monomorium species revision, key); Bolton, 1987: 281 (Phacota diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 283 (Antichthonidris, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 284 (Nothidris review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 287 (Monomorium diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Taylor, 1987a: 19, 40 and Taylor, 1987b: 2 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand Monomorium checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 272 (Balkans Monomorium species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 231 (Turkmenistan Monomorium species key); Brandão, 1991: 326, 357 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 361 (Nothidris catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 38 (Japan Monomorium species key); Arakelian, 1994: 46 (Armenia Monomorium species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048, 1050, 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 67, 258, 292, 316 (Antichthonidris, Monomorium, Nothidris, Phacota catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 88 (China Monomorium species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 337 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Radchenko, 1997f: 211 (M. scabriceps group revision, key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 19 (Portugal Monomorium species key); Shattuck, 1999: 145 (Australia synopsis); Heterick, 2001: 367 (Australia Monomorium species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 112 (China, Guangxi Monomorium species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 127 (U.S.A., New Mexico Monomorium species key); Heterick, 2006: 84 (Malagasy Monomorium species revision, key); Fernández, 2007b: 139 (Neotropical Monomorium species key); Terayama, 2009: 154 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 158 (south-western Australia species key); Aldawood & Sharaf, 2011: 52 (Saudi Arabia M. monomorium group key).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus TRUE TRUE FALSE20 species
Oxyepoecus Santschi, 1926d: 6. Type-species: Oxyepoecus bruchi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Oxyepoecus in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 679.
Oxyepoecus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; Bolton, 1987: 271.
Oxyepoecus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 269; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61; Kempf, 1972a: 173; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of OXYEPOECUS
Forelifidis Smith, M.R. 1954a: 17.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Martia Forel, 1907a: 20; junior homonym of Martia Ragonot, 1887: 18 (Lepidoptera).]
Forelifidis as junior synonym of Oxyepoecus: Brown, 1955b: 68.
Homonym replaced by Forelifidis
Martia Forel, 1907a: 20 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Martia) vezenyii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Martia Ragonot, 1887: 18 (Lepidoptera).]
Martia as subgenus of Monomorium: Forel, 1907a: 20; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 182; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; subsequent authors.
Genus Oxyepoecus references
Emery, 1922e: 182 (Monomorium (Martia) diagnosis, catalogue); Borgmeier, 1927b: 65 (Monomorium (Martia) all species key); Kusnezov, 1952h: 720 (Argentina species key); Ettershank, 1966: 144 (diagnosis, review of genus, checklist); Kempf, 1972a: 173 (catalogue); Kempf, 1974b: 510 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bolton, 1987: 286 (notes); Brandão, 1991: 364 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 301 (catalogue); Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 55 (O. vezenyii group revision, key); Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 292 (O. rastraus group revision, all species key); Delsinne, et al. 2011: page (Paraguay species key).
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 67 species, 9 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Pogonomyrmex Mayr, 1868b: 169. Type-species: Formica badia, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae: Cresson, 1887: 260.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 118.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 61; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 44; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of POGONOMYRMEX
Ephebomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex naegelii, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Ephebomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Ephebomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Gallardo, 1932b: 94; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643; Kusnezov, 1949c: 293; Creighton, 1950a: 132; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 794; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 115; Kusnezov, 1964: 56; Kusnezov, 1956: 118; Smith, M.R. 1967: 351; Cole, 1968: 22; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357; Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108; Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42.
Ephebomyrmex as genus: Creighton, 1957a: 54; Kusnezov, 1960b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 106; Brown, 1973b: 180; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Mackay & Vinson, 1989b: 14; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13; Taber, 1998: 146.
Ephebomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 28; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649; Bolton, 2003: 223.
Forelomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote); junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Forelomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Kempf, 1972a: 209.
Forelomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 29; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649.
Homonym replaced by Forelomyrmex
Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote) [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex (Janetia) mayri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Genus Pogonomyrmex references
Mayr, 1870b: 970 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 608 (all species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 118 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1902a: 97 (North America species key); Emery, 1921f: 44 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 48 (P. (Ephebomyrmex) & P. (Forelomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Gallardo, 1932b: 95 (Argentina species key); Cole, 1942: 364 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Kusnezov, 1949c: 301 (Argentina P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 113 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1951a: 254 (Argentina species key); Kusnezov, 1954c: 85 (Bolivia species key); Creighton, 1957a: 54 (North America Ephebomyrmex); Gregg, 1963: 317 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Cole, 1968: 21, 38, 155 (North America Pogonomyrmex & P. (Ephebomyrmex) diagnoses, species revision, keys); Kempf, 1972a: 106, 206 (Neotropical Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 72 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1353 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 442 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 104 (supplement to Cole, 1968 key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108 (North America P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42 (Mexico species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 26 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada Ephebomyrmex species key); Shattuck, 1987: 175 (P. occidentalis complex, key); Taber, 1990: 307 (U.S.A. species complexes, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 342, 372 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 339 (catalogue); Taber, 1998: 146, 147 (Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex species key); Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1657 (northern South America species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 180 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lattke, 2006: 56 (northern South America species key); Johnson, R.A. & Overson, 2009: 313 (P. californicus group key); Cuezzo & Claver, 2009: 99 (Argentina species key).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 970 species, 142 subspecies
Fossil: 4 species
Pheidole Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Atta providens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidole in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 172.
Pheidole in Attidae: Smith, F. 1860a: 74; Smith, F. 1862a: 49.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 331; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 69 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 463 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 88.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 127; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 64; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kempf, 1972a: 183 (anachronism).
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Arnold, 1920a: 414; Emery, 1921f: 77; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors except Kempf, 1972a: 183, above.
Junior synonyms of PHEIDOLE
Oecophthora Heer, 1852: 15. Type-species: Oecophthora pusilla (junior synonym of Formica megacephala), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Oecophthora in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 453 [Myrmicidae].
Oecophthora as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, F. 1858a: 282; Smith, F. 1858b: 172; Roger, 1863b: 30.
Ischnomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 738. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 461; Bingham, 1903: 270.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1891b: 166; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98; Forel, 1899c: 59; Emery, 1908c: 313; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1902h: 439; Forel, 1903a: 693.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 49.
Ischnomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1862: 738; Emery, 1914a: 40; Viehmeyer, 1914d: 601; Forel, 1917: 241; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Emery, 1922e: 113. Stitz, 1911a: 367; Kusnezov, 1952b: 10 (in key).
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Leptomyrma Motschoulsky, 1863: 17. Type-species: Leptomyrma gracilipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Leptomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 329.
Leptomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1892b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Pheidolacanthinus Smith, F. 1865: 75. Type-species: Pheidolacanthinus armatus (junior synonym of Myrmica quadrispinosa), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 333.
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Pheidolacanthinus as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Pheidolacanthinus as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Ceratopheidole Pergande, 1896: 889 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) granulata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ceratopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ceratopheidole as genus: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 104 (anachronism).
Ceratopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Pergande, 1896: 889; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Ceratopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Epipheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1903f: 664. Type-species: Epipheidole inquilina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Epipheidole also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 14.]
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 114; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Creighton, 1950a: 192.
Epipheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Cole, 1965: 174; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Phidole Bingham, 1903: 220, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Wheeler, 1922a: 806.
Sympheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 7. Type-species: Sympheidole elecebra, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors to the following.
Sympheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Phidola Schulz, W.A. 1906: 155, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidola as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365.
Allopheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole kingi (junior synonym of Pheidole tepicana), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79.
Taxonomic history
Allopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237; Forel, 1917: 241.
Allopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Decapheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole perpusilla, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Decapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661.
Decapheidole as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Borgmeier, 1927c: 78.
Decapheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237, Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Decapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Isopheidole Forel, 1912m: 765 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isopheidole as junior synonym of Ischnomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1913k: 49; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680 (in key). [Ischnomyrmex and Isopheidole share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Elasmopheidole Forel, 1913k: 43 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole aberrans, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1915i: 190.
Taxonomic history
Elasmopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 43; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 110; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Elasmopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Cardiopheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole vaslitii, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cardiopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48; Forel, 1917: 241.
Cardiopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Anergatides Wasmann, 1915b: 281. Type-species: Anergatides kohli (junior secondary homonym in Pheidole, replaced by Pheidole neokohli), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 243 [subtribe Anergatini]; Emery, 1922e: 116 [subtribe Anergatidini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623.
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).
Anergatides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 328; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Parapheidole Emery, 1915d: 68. Type-species: Aphaenogaster oculata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Parapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Parapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Macropheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole fimbriata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Macropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Macropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 800; Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Scrobopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole scrobifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Scrobopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Scrobopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Stegopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) upeneci, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stegopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1921f: 83; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Stegopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Trachypheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole bicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachypheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Trachypheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Electropheidole Mann, 1921: 438 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Electropheidole) roosevelti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 642.
Taxonomic history
Electropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Mann, 1921: 438; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 672; all subsequent authors to the following.
Electropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Bruchomyrma Santschi, 1922d: 248. Type-species: Bruchomyrma acutidens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 42.
Bruchomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Bolton, 1994: 106; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Bruchomyrma as genus: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Cephalomorium Forel, 1922: 91 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Cephalomorium) bahai, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cephalomorium as junior synonym of Hendecapheidole: Santschi, 1925d: 228.
Hendecapheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1922d: 3 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole tachigaliae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hendecapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma Bruch, 1932: 271. Type-species: Gallardomyrma argentina, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646.
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 110.
Gallardomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 110; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Conothoracoides Strand, 1935: 176.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Conothorax Karavaiev; junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothoracoides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Homonym replaced by Conothoracoides
Conothorax Karavaiev, 1935a: 75. Type-species: Conothorax bilobum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Conothorax Karavaiev junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothorax in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Karavaiev, 1935a: 75.
Eriopheidole Kusnezov, 1952a: 10. Type-species: Eriopheidole symbiotica (unresolved junior secondary homonym in Pheidole), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Kusnezov, 1952a: 10.
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 107.
Eriopheidole junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Eriopheidole as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 107; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Xenoaphaenogaster Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 50. Type-species: Xenoaphaenogaster inquilina (junior synonym of Myrmica pallidula), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional].
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Pheidole: Bolton, 1987: 291.
Genus Pheidole references
Smith, F. 1858b: 172 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 70 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 27, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 440 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 18, 22 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 92, 96 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1870b: 977, 979 (Australia & New World species keys); Mayr, 1876: 102 (Australia species key); André, 1883b: 382 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1879: 674 (Asia species key); Mayr, 1887: 582 (New World species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A., catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 75 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 88, 98 (Pheidole, Pheidolacanthinus catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 288 (North America species key); Mayr, 1896: 241 (Africa species, partial key); Emery, 1896g: 80 (P. flavens group, key); Forel, 1902c: 165 (India species key); Forel, 1902f: 523 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 223 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 133 (Puerto Rico species key); Arnold, 1920a: 414 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1921f: 78 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 81 (P. (Macropheidole) & P. (Pheidolacanthinus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1921f: 83 (P. (Stegopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Mann, 1921: 442 (Fiji Is species key); Emery, 1922e: 110 (P. (Elasmopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 111 (P. (Trachypheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 112 (P. (Scrobopheidole), P. (Decapheidole) & P. (Ceratopheidole) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 113 (Ischnomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 114 (Epipheidole diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 115 (Sympheidole, Parapheidole diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 116 (Anergatides diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 126, 672 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 806, 879 (Afrotropical Pheidole, Anergatides catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1017, 1021 (Malagasy Pheidole, Parapheidole catalogues); Gallardo, 1932c: 179 (Argentina Elasmopheidole species key); Finzi, 1936: 165 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 298 (Himalaya species key); Cole, 1942: 362 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Buren, 1944a: 285 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 163 (North America species key); Creighton, 1950a: 192, 194 (North America Epipheidole, Sympheidole species); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135, 137 (Asia Ceratopheidole, Conothorax, Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole checklists); Kusnezov, 1952b: 61 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1955c: 302 (P. (Hendecapheidole) species key); Gregg, 1959: 9 (U.S.A. species key); Gregg, 1963: 407 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 126 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 149 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Gregg, 1969: 95 (addition to Gregg, 1959 U.S.A. key); Kempf, 1972a: 183 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 11 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 441 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Ogata, 1982: 191 (Japan species key); Collingwood, 1985: 253 (Saudi Arabia species key); Naves, 1985: 54 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 74 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 41 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 53 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 271 (Balkans species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 15 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 123 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 368 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 22 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 345 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 316 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 99 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 322 (Saudi Arabia species key); Park & Kim, 2000: 109 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 152 (Australia synopsis); Eguchi, 1999: 103 (Borneo P. longipes group, key); Ward, 2000: 96 (U.S.A. P. hyatti complex, key); Zhou, 2001b: 121 (China, Guangxi species key); Eguchi, 2001b: 10 (Borneo species key); ; Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 149 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key)Wilson, 2003: 27 (New World, all species revision, keys); Sarnat, 2008: 8 (Fiji Is P. roosevelti group, key); Eguchi, 2008: 8 (North Vietnam species key); Terayama, 2009: 171 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 169 (south-western Australia species key); Sarnat & Moreau, 2011: 114 (P. roosevelti group phylogeny and radiation).
Genera incertae sedis in Pheidolini
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 94 species
Fossil: 8 species
Anochetus Mayr, 1861: 53. Type-species: Odontomachus ghilianii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anochetus in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 712; Mayr, 1865: 11.
Anochetus in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Anochetus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1861: 53 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 47.
Anochetus in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 106; Arnold, 1915: 103; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31; Wilson, 1959a: 483; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Jaffe, 1993: 8.
Anochetus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Brown, 1976a: 71; Brown, 1978c: 550 [subtribe Odontomachiti]; Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 159.
Junior synonyms of ANOCHETUS
Stenomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 711. Type-species: Myrmecia emarginata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 173.
Taxonomic history
Stenomyrmex in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 711; Mayr, 1865: 11.
Stenomyrmex in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Stenomyrmex as subgenus of Anochetus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 47; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 47; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 110; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Borgmeier, 1923: 76; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728; Kempf, 1972a: 21.
Stenomyrmex as junior synonym of Anochetus: Forel, 1887: 382; Brown, 1978c: 552; all subsequent authors.
Myrmapatetes Wheeler, W.M. 1929b: 6. Type-species: Myrmapatetes filicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmapatetes in Dolichoderinae: Wheeler, W.M. 1929b: 7; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 186.
Myrmapatetes as junior synonym of Anochetus: Brown, 1953h: 2.
Genus Anochetus references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 22 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Anochetus, Stenomyrmex diagnoses); André, 1882b: 230 (Europe & Algeria species); Emery, 1884a: 378 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 47 (catalogue); Emery, 1894c: 185 (Neotropical species key); Forel, 1900c: 58 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 39 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 107 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 103 (South Africa species key); Gallardo, 1918b: 90 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1919: 303 (New Guinea & Solomon Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 96, 790, 1012 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 9 (Stenomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 39 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1959a: 503 (Melanesia & Moluccas species, revision, key); Kempf, 1964f: 244 (A. (Stenomyrmex) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 20 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1978c: 552, 565, 569, 571 (diagnosis & review of genus, Malesian species, Austral, Palaearctic, Afrotropical & Malagasy species, Neotropical species keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 20 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 7 (Australia checklist); Terayama, 1989a: 26 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 324 (Neotropical catalogue); Wang, M. 1993a: 226 (China species key); De Andrade, 1994: 24 (†Dominican Amber species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 63 (catalogue); Gronenberg & Ehmer, 1996: 183 (mandible morphology); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 309 (Saudi Arabia species key); Shattuck, 1999: 181 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 29 (China, Guangxi species key); Kugler, J. & Ionescu, 2007: 298 (Mediterraean & Middle East species key); Fisher & Smith, 2008: 4 (Malagasy species revision, key); González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008: 98 (Argentina & Paraguay species key); Zabala, in Fernández, 2008: 125 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 117 (Taiwan species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 66 species
Fossil: 2 species
Odontomachus Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica haematoda, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Odontomachus in Ponérites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185.
Odontomachus in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1857a: 64; Smith, F. 1858b: 76.
Odontomachus in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 711; Mayr, 1865: 11; Smith, F. 1871a: 319.
Odontomachus in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Odontomachus in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 49.
Odontomachus in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1895b: 118; Forel, 1899c: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 111; Arnold, 1915: 108; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 93; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 676; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 42; Kempf, 1972a: 170; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Jaffe, 1993: 8.
Odontomachus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Brown, 1976a: 70 [subtribe Odontomachiti]; Bolton, 1994: 164.
Junior synonyms of ODONTOMACHUS
Pedetes Bernstein, 1861: 7. Type-species: Pedetes macrorhynchus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pedetes as junior synonym of Odontomachus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 51; all subsequent authors.
Champsomyrmex Emery, 1892d: 558 (footnote). Type-species: Odontomachus coquereli, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Champsomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 49.
Champsomyrmex in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Champsomyrmex in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Emery, 1895j: 768; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 632.
Champsomyrmex as subgenus of Odontomachus: Forel, 1893a: 163 (misspelled as Thempsomyrmex); Forel, 1917: 238.
Champsomyrmex as genus: Emery, 1892d: 558 (footnote); Dalla Torre, 1893: 49; Emery, 1911d: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653.
Champsomyrmex as junior synonym of Odontomachus: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Brown, 1976a: 96.
Myrtoteras Matsumura, 1912: 191. Type-species: Myrtoteras kuroiwae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrtoteras in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 672.
Myrtoteras as junior synonym of Odontomachus: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Brown, 1976a: 96.
Genus Odontomachus references
Roger, 1863b: 21 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 436 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 11 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1892d: 559 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 49 (catalogue); Forel, 1900c: 57 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 47 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 111 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1918b: 95 (Argentina species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 99, 792, 1013 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Creighton, 1950a: 55 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 42 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1959a: 485 (Melanesia & Moluccas species revision, key); Kempf, 1962b: 17 (Neotropical species key); Kempf, 1972a: 170 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1976a: 111, 114, 117 (New World species, Malesian & Austral species, Afrotropical & Malagasy species keys); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1344 (North America catalogue); Deyrup, Trager & Carlin, 1985: 188 (Southeastern U.S.A. species, review); Brown, 1978b: 281 (supplement to Brown, 1976a); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 36 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 48 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Wang, M. 1993: 220 (China species key); De Andrade, 1994: 24 (†Dominican Amber species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 294 (catalogue); Gronenberg, 1995: 391 (mandible morphology); Shattuck, 1999: 194 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 25 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003: 164 (synopsis); Deyrup & Cover, 2004b: 141 (U.S.A. species key); Yoshimura, Onoyama & Ogata, 2007: 89 (Japan species key); Fisher & Smith, 2008: 13 (Malagasy species revision, key); Rodríguez, in Fernández, 2008: 151 (Neotropical species key); Sorger & Zettel, 2011: 143 (Philippines species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 252 species, 62 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pachycondyla Smith, F. 1858b: 105. Type-species: Formica crassinoda, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Pachycondyla in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 105; Smith, 1871a: 324.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Pachycondyla in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 114; Forel, 1899c: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 73 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PACHYCONDYLA
Bothroponera Mayr, 1862: 713 (diagnosis in key), 717. Type-species: Ponera pumicosa, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Bothroponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35.
Bothroponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Bothroponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 75 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Ponera: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 325.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 75; Arnold, 1915: 55; Forel, 1917: 237; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Bothroponera as genus: Mayr, 1862: 717; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35; Bingham, 1903: 95; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1918c: 299 (footnote); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 67; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49; Bernard, 1953b: 187; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Bothroponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Megaponera Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 734. Type-species: Formica foetens (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Formica analis), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Megaponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Megaponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Megaponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 67 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 46; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors to the following.
Megaponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Megaloponera Roger, 1863b: 17, incorrect subsequent spelling; misspelling repeated by several authors, for example Emery, 1877b: 368; Forel, 1917: 237.]
Paltothyreus Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 735. Type-species: Formica tarsata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Paltothyreus in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 62 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 43; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Paltothyreus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Ectomomyrmex Mayr, 1867a: 83. Type-species: Ectomomyrmex javanus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 85.
Taxonomic history
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30.
Ectomomyrmex in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 321; Emery, 1911d: 78 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Ectomomyrmex as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 78; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237.
Ectomomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1867a: 83; Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Forel, 1900d: 321; Bingham, 1903: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 60; Brown, 1963: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 29; Taylor, 1987a: 26; Ogata, 1987: 112.
Ectomomyrmex as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Ectomyrmex Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Ophthalmopone Forel, 1890b: cxii. Type-species: Ophthalmopone berthoudi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 31.
Ophthalmopone in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 49; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Ophthalmopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Euponera Forel, 1891b: 126 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Euponera) sikorae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Euponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 79 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 37; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Euponera as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1891b: 126; Emery, 1895j: 767.
Euponera as genus: Emery, 1901a: 46; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 79; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Borgmeier, 1923: 70; Clark, 1934b: 30; Creighton, 1950a: 44; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 63; Bernard, 1953b: 189; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Euponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Cryptopone Emery, 1893a: cclxxv. Type-species: Cryptopone testacea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cryptopone also described as new by Emery, 1893f: 240. Type-species not Amblyopone testacea, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161, repeated in Emery, 1911d: 88, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 636, Kempf, 1972a: 90 and Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 28; see discussion in Wilson, 1958d: 360.]
Cryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Cryptopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 3.
Pseudoponera Emery, 1900c: 314 [as subgenus of Pachycondyla]. Type-species: Ponera quadridentata (junior synonym of Formica stigma), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pseudoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 42. Type-species not Ponera amblyops, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 42; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 779; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723.]
Pseudoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pseudoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 86 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 238; all subsequent authors.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1900c: 314; Emery, 1901a: 42.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1900c: 141; Forel, 1900e: 398; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Pseudoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 91; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 86; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 74.
Pseudoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Brachyponera Emery, 1900c: 315 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Euponera (Brachyponera) croceicornis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Brachyponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera sennaarensis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 160, Emery, 1911d: 84, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 777, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628, Wilson, 1958d: 346; Bolton, 1973a: 335; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23.]
Brachyponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Brachyponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 83; all subsequent authors.
Brachyponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900c: 315; Emery, 1909c: 366; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 83; Arnold, 1915: 72; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; subsequent authors to the following.
Brachyponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 101; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 346; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Ogata, 1987: 116; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Brachyponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Mesoponera Emery, 1900d: 668 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Ponera melanaria, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Mesoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera caffraria, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated by Emery, 1911d: 81, Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661, Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141, Bolton, 1973a: 338; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 35.]
Mesoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Mesoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 80; all subsequent authors.
Mesoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900d: 668; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 80; Arnold, 1915: 64; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 71; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 64; Bernard, 1953b: 190.
Mesoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 99; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 34; Taylor, 1987a: 39; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Mesoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Eumecopone Forel, 1901e: 335 [as subgenus of Neoponera]. Type-species: Neoponera (Eumecopone) agilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eumecopone as subgenus of Neoponera: Forel, 1901e: 335; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 71; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; subsequent authors to the following.
Eumecopone junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Hagensia Forel, 1901f: 333 [as subgenus of Megaloponera (sic)]. Type-species: Megaloponera (Hagensia) havilandi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hagensia in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; all subsequent authors.
Hagensia as subgenus of Megaponera: Forel, 1901f: 333; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 61.
Hagensia as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237.
Hagensia as genus: Arnold, 1926: 202; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 648; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Hagensia as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Neoponera Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species: Formica villosa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Neoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 70 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Neoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Trachymesopus Emery, 1911d: 84 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Formica stigma, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachymesopus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 84; all subsequent authors.
Trachymesopus as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1911d: 84; Arnold, 1915: 74; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 72; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733; Creighton, 1950a: 46; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 65; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 786; Bernard, 1953b: 195.
Trachymesopus as genus: Wilson, 1958d: 352; Kempf, 1960f: 423; Brown, 1963: 6; Kempf, 1972a: 251; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 52; Ogata, 1987: 114; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pseudoponera: Bolton, 1995b: 48 (because of synonymous type-species); Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Trachyponera Santschi, 1928a: 43, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Xiphopelta) arnoldi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1913a: 108; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 737.
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237; Emery, 1919c: 106; Bernard, 1953b: 191.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Mesoponera: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775; all subsequent authors to the following.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Hiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Termitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 159. Type-species: Ponera laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Termitopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 731.
Termitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Syntermitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169 [as subgenus of Termitopone.] Type-species: Ponera commutata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Syntermitopone as subgenus of Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169.
Syntermitopone as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 15.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Termitopone: Borgmeier, 1959a: 312.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Wadeura Weber, 1939a: 102. Type-species: Wadeura guianensis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wadeura in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wadeura as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Pseudoneoponera Donisthorpe, 1943d: 439. Type-species: Pseudoneoponera verecundae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudoneoponera in Ponerinae, Pseudoneoponerini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 77.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Bothroponera: Wilson, 1958d: 361.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Genus Pachycondyla references
Mayr, 1862: 719 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16, 17, 18 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 397, 428, 439, 440 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13, 15 (Bothroponera, Pachycondyla, Megaponera, Paltothyreus diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 82 (Bothroponera diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 396 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Emery, 1887b: 18 (footnote) (Asia & Australia Bothroponera species key); Emery, 1890a: 71 (Neotropical species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 30, 31, 32, 35 (Ectomomyrmex, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Paltothyreus, Pachycondyla, Bothroponera catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 321 (India & Sri Lanka Ectomomyrmex species key); Bingham, 1903: 86, 91, 96, 101 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Ectomomyrmex, Pseudoponera, Bothroponera, Brachyponera species keys); Emery, 1911d: 62 (Paltothyreus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 67 (Megaponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 69 (Megaponera (Hagensia) and Ophthalmopone diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 70 (Neoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 73 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 75 (P. (Bothroponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 78 (P. (Ectomomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera (Mesoponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 83 (Euponera (Brachyponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 84 (Euponera (Trachymesopus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 86 (Pseudoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 88 (Cryptopone diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 43, 46, 49, 53, 63 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Pachycondyla, Euponera diagnoses); Arnold, 1915: 50, 55, 64 (South Africa Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Euponera (Mesoponera) species keys); Gallardo, 1918b: 56, 66 (Argentina Neoponera, Mesoponera, keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 72 (Afrotropical Bothroponera species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 60, 63, 69, 81 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Bothroponera, Euponera diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 763, 766, 768, 769, 774, 780 (Afrotropical Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Ectomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1007, 1008 (Malagasy Bothroponera, Euponera catalogues); Arnold, 1926: 203 (South Africa Hagensia species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 5 (Cryptopone all species key); Santschi, 1935b: 259 (Africa Mesoponera, key); Creighton, 1950a: 45 (North America Euponera species key); Arnold, 1951: 53 (Hagensia species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49, 52, 60, 63, 74 (Asia Bothroponera, Cryptopone, Ectmomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera checklists); Arnold, 1952a: 461 (South Africa Bothroponera, key); Bernard, 1953b: 191 (Guinea Euponera (Xiphopelta) species key); Brown, 1958h: 20 (New Zealand species); Wilson, 1958d: 346, 357, 362 (Melanesia Brachyponera, Cryptopone, Ectomomyrmex species keys); Kempf, 1961b: 192 (Brazil species key); Brown, 1963: 6, 9 (reviews of Cryptopone, Trachymesopus & Ectomomyrmex); Kempf, 1964e: 51 (Neotropical Pachycondyla species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 36 (Argentina Neoponera species key); Kempf, 1972a: 90, 141, 160, 174, 248, 251, 257 (Neotropical Cryptopone, Mesoponera, Neoponera, Pachycondyla, Termitopone, Trachymesopus, Wadeura catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 7 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339, 1341 (North America, Pachycondyla, Brachyponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21, 23, 28, 29, 34, 34, 52 (Australia, catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 9, 23, 26, 39, 80 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 18 (Japan Ectomomyrmex, Cryptopone, Brachyponera, Trachymesopus species key); Brandão, 1991: 354, 360, 365, 381, 382 (Neotropical catalogue); Xu, 1994b: 182 (China Brachyponera species key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 166, 302 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45 (China species key); Xu, 1995b: 104 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 310 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla Saudi Arabia species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 147 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 182, 196 (Australia Cryptopone, Pachycondyla fauna synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 35, 49 (China, Guangxi Cryptopone, Pachycondyla species keys); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 424 (wingless female fossils, diagnosis); Wild, 2002: 4 (Paraguay species key); Bolton, 2003: 161, 165 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla synopses); Wild, 2005: 5 (P. apicalis complex key); Yamane, 2007: 652 (P. nigrita species group key); Mackay, Mackay, Fernández & Arias-Penna, in Fernández, 2008: 172 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 105, 108 (Taiwan Pachycondyla, Cryptopone species keys); Heterick, 2009: 134 (south-western Australia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 26, 107 (New World Pachycondyla species revision, species complexes key and species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 52 species
Fossil: 5 species
Ponera Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica coarctata, by subsequent designation of Westwood, 1840a: 83 (see discussion in Taylor, 1967a: 6).
Taxonomic history
Ponera in Ponérites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 188.
Ponera in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 83; Smith, F. 1871a: 320.
Ponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1855: 386 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 65 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 54 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 37.
Ponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1899c: 15; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 38; Arnold, 1915: 77; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PONERA
Pseudocryptopone Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 12. Type-species: Cryptopone tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudocryptopone as junior synonym of Ponera: Wilson, 1957b: 356.
Selenopone Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 19. Type-species: Ponera selenophora, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Selenopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 725.
Selenopone as junior synonym of Ponera: Wilson, 1957b: 356.
Pteroponera Bernard, 1950a: 3. Type-species: Pteroponera sysphinctoides, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pteroponera as junior synonym of Ponera: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Genus Ponera references
[References before Taylor, 1967a refer to both Ponera and Hypoponera.]
Mayr, 1855: 386 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 83 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 721 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 447 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 85 (diagnosis); Forel, 1874: 64 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1879: 661 (all species key); André, 1882c: 239 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 37 (catalogue); Emery, 1895b: 60 (Mediterranean species key); Emery, 1896g: 53 (New World species key); Emery, 1900c: 316 (Australia, Papuasia & Oceania species key); Forel, 1900d: 322 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 89 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1909c: 367 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1911d: 88 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 76 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916b: 107 (Italy species key); Bondroit, 1918: 81 (France & Belgium species key); Gallardo, 1918b: 73 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1921: 419 (Fiji species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, 1009 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1931b: 266 (Costa Rica species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 13 (Pseudocryptopone species key); Smith, M.R. 1936: 420 (North America species key); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany species key); Creighton, 1950a: 47 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 68, 73, 74 (Asia Ponera, Pseudocryptopone, Selenopone checklists); Bernard, 1953b: 197 (West Africa species key); Wilson, 1957b: 359, 376 (P. tenuis, P. selenophora groups revisions, keys); Wilson, 1958d: 323, 343 (Melanesia & Moluccas species, Fiji species revisions, keys); Brown, 1958h: 22 (New Zealand species); Taylor, 1960: 180 (P. leae complex, key); Taylor, 1964: 139 (†fossil species, review); Taylor, 1967a: 18 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bernard, 1967: 83 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1341 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 38 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 63 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand, checklist); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 22 (Japan species key); Perrault, 1993: 337 (addition to Taylor, 1967a key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 360 (catalogue); Terayama, 1996: 14 (Japan species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 149 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 199 (Australia synopsis); Xu, 2001a: 52 and Xu, 2001c: 218 (China species keys); Zhou, 2001b: 37 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003: 170 (synopsis); Yoshimura, Hosoishi, et al. 2009: 200 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009: 109 (Taiwan species key).
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus femoralis TRUE TRUE FALSEfemoralis. Acanthostichus femoralis Kusnezov, 1962a: 126, figs. 2, 3 (w.) ARGENTINA. Mackay, 1996: 150 (m.).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex pulvereus TRUE TRUE FALSEpulvereus. Acromyrmex (Moellerius) pulvereus Santschi, 1919f: 52 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Fowler, 1988: 289 (who cites this as a nomen dubium).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
silvestrii. Atta (Moellerius) silvestrii Emery, 1905c: 42 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1911c: 292 (q.m.); Santschi 1912e: 530 (q.m.). Combination in Acromyrmex (Moellerius): Forel, 1913l: 236. Subspecies of striatus: Santschi, 1920d: 380. Revived status as species: Emery, 1924d: 351. Senior synonym of mesopotamicus: Fowler, 1988: 290. Current subspecies: nominal plus bruchi.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lobicornis pruinosior TRUE TRUE FALSEpruinosior. Acromyrmex lobicornis var. pruinosior Santschi, 1916e: 388, fig. (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lobicornis pencosensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpencosensis. Acromyrmex lobicornis var. pencosensis Forel, 1914d: 282 (w.) ARGENTINA. Currently subspecies of lobicornis: Santschi, 1916e: 388.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lundii parallelus TRUE TRUE FALSEparallelus. Acromyrmex lundi var. parallela Santschi, 1916e: 387 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex subterraneus ogloblini TRUE TRUE FALSEogloblini. Acromyrmex subterraneus var. ogloblini Santschi, 1933e: 121 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex hispidus formosus TRUE TRUE FALSEformosus. Acromyrmex hispidus st. formosus Santschi, 1925a: 377 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex hispidus fallax TRUE TRUE FALSEfallax. Acromyrmex hispidus var. fallax Santschi, 1925a: 377 (w.) ARGENTINA. Currently subspecies of hispidus: Gonçalves, 1961: 142; Kempf, 1972a: 12.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lobicornis cochlearis TRUE TRUE FALSEcochlearis. Acromyrmex lobicornis var. cochlearis Santschi, 1933e: 120 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex silvestrii bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Atta (Moellerius) silvestrii r. bruchi Forel, 1912e: 180 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1913l: 236 (q.m.). Combination in Acromyrmex (Moellerius): Forel, 1913l: 236. Currently subspecies of silvestrii: Emery, 1924d: 351; Kempf, 1972a: 16.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone egregia TRUE TRUE FALSEegregia. Ericapelta egregia Kusnezov, 1955: 274, figs. 5-7 (m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Amblyopone: Brown, 1960a: 168.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Amyrmex golbachi TRUE TRUE FALSEgolbachi. Amyrmex golbachi Kusnezov, 1953b: 335, 6 figs. (m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Forelius: Shattuck, 1992c: 95; in Amyrmex: Cuezzo, 2000: 271. See also: Ward & Brady, 2009: 49.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Anillidris bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Anillidris bruchi Santschi, 1936d: 414, figs. 21-28 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1937c: 69 (q.m.). Combination in Linepithema: Kempf, 1972a: 135; in Anillidris: Shattuck, 1994: 3.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus miserabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEmiserabilis. Anochetus miserabilis González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008: 98, figs. 1, 2 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Apterostigma bruchi Santschi, 1919f: 49, fig. 5 (w.) ARGENTINA. Bruch, 1921: 204 (q.m.). See also: Lattke, 1997: 142.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma steigeri TRUE TRUE FALSEsteigeri. Apterostigma steigeri Santschi, 1911b: 52, figs. 1-3 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1912e: 529 (q.). Senior synonym of affinis, luederwaldti: Lattke, 1997: 171.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta saltensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsaltensis. Atta laevigata var. saltensis Forel, 1913l: 237 (w.) ARGENTINA. Borgmeier, 1959b: 382 (q.m.). Combination in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 349; in Atta (Epiatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 249; in Atta (Palaeatta): Borgmeier, 1959b: 381. Subspecies of vollenweideri: Gallardo, 1916d: 344; Borgmeier, 1950d: 249; of polita: Santschi, 1929d: 305; Borgmeier, 1939: 423; of laevigata: Gonçalves, 1942: 349. Raised to species and senior synonym of lizeri, obscurata: Borgmeier, 1959b: 381.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta vollenweideri TRUE TRUE FALSEvollenweideri. Atta sexdens r. vollenweideri Forel, 1893e: 588 (s.w.q). ARGENTINA. Forel, 1912e: 179 (m.). Combination in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 348; Borgmeier, 1959b: 374; in Atta (Epiatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 248. Raised to species: Forel, 1912e: 179. Subspecies of laevigata: Forel, 1913l: 237; Emery, 1924d: 354; of sexdens: Emery, 1913bb: 259. Revived status as species: Forel, 1915c: 358; Gallardo, 1916d: 341; Santschi, 1919f: 50; Santschi, 1922b: 363. See also: Borgmeier, 1939: 422; Gonçalves, 1942: 348; Borgmeier, 1959b: 374. Senior synonym of tristis: Borgmeier, 1959b: 374.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca alfari TRUE TRUE FALSEalfari. Azteca alfari Emery, 1893b: 138, pl. 2, figs. 48, 49 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Emery, 1896c: 3 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 192 (l.). Senior synonym of breviscapa, cecropiae, curtiscapa, fumaticeps, langi, lucidula, lynchi (and its junior synonym argentina), mixta, virens and material of the unavailable name zonalis referred here: Longino, 1989: 5; senior synonym of bicolor: Longino, 1992: 1575. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 215; Longino, 2007: 15. [Note: in the older literature the name of this taxon is frequently misspelled as alfaroi, for example Emery, 1896c: 4; Forel, 1899c: 113.]
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex brevicornoeides TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevicornoeides. Brachymyrmex patagonicus var. brevicornoeides Forel, 1914d: 287 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Junior synonym of nigricans: Santschi, 1923b: 657 [brevicornoeides has priority as senior name, nigricans is its junior synonym: Bolton, 1995b: 81.]
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevicornis. Brachymyrmex brevicornis Emery, 1906c: 180, figs. 38, 40, 41 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. See also: Quirán, 2005: 765.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Brachymyrmex bruchi Forel, 1912i: 64 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 309 (q.). Senior synonym of rufipes: Quirán, et al. 2004: 279.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex gaucho TRUE TRUE FALSEgaucho. Brachymyrmex gaucho Santschi, 1917f: 283 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Brachymyrmex (Bryscha): Santschi, 1923b: 674. See also: Quirán, 2005: 767.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex oculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEoculatus. Brachymyrmex oculatus Santschi, 1919f: 55 (w.) ARGENTINA. Quirán, et al. 2004: 282 (m.)..
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex patagonicus TRUE TRUE FALSEpatagonicus. Brachymyrmex patagonicus Mayr, 1868b: 164 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Emery, 1906c: 179 (q.). Senior synonym of atratula: Quirán, et al. 2004: 275.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex physogaster TRUE TRUE FALSEphysogaster. Brachymyrmex physogaster Kusnezov, 1960c: 382, figs. 1-4 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex longicornis pullus TRUE TRUE FALSEpullus. Brachymyrmex longicornis var. pullus Santschi, 1933e: 122 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex laevis fusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEfusculus. Brachymyrmex levis var. fuscula Emery, 1906c: 178 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex fiebrigi funicularis TRUE TRUE FALSEfunicularis. Brachymyrmex fiebrigi var. funicularis Santschi, 1922d: 260 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex fiebrigi fumidus TRUE TRUE FALSEfumidus. Brachymyrmex fiebrigi var. fumida Santschi, 1923b: 661 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex cordemoyi distinctus TRUE TRUE FALSEdistinctus. Brachymyrmex cordemoyi var. distincta Santschi, 1923b: 658, figs. 6, 50, 59 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex australis curtus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurtus. Brachymyrmex australis var. curta Santschi, 1922d: 260 (q.m.) ARGENTINA. [Also described as new by Santschi, 1923b: 663.]
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex giardi cordobensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcordobensis. Brachymyrmex giardi var. cordobensis Santschi, 1929d: 309 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex constrictus bonariensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbonariensis. Brachymyrmex constrictus st. bonariensis Santschi, 1933e: 122, figs. 20, 21 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex laevis andinus TRUE TRUE FALSEandinus. Brachymyrmex levis var. andina Santschi, 1923b: 659 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus aguilerai TRUE TRUE FALSEaguilerai. Camponotus aguilerai Kusnezov, 1952d: 198, fig. 12 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 65.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis TRUE TRUE FALSE6 subspecies
bonariensis. Camponotus bonariensis Mayr, 1868b: 162 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1913l: 248 (q.m.); Goni et al. 1983: 366 (k.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913l: 248; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Subspecies of rubripes: Emery, 1888c: 365; of maculatus: Forel, 1895b: 101; Forel, 1912i: 70. Revived status as species: Emery, 1894g: 373; Forel, 1914a: 267; Emery, 1920b: 233; Santschi, 1922d: 261. See also: Bruch, 1916: 352. Current subspecies: nominal plus curtulus, garbei, luteolus, parvulus, tucumanus, weiseri.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus borellii TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
borellii. Camponotus maculatus subsp. borellii Emery, 1894e: 1 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913l: 248; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Raised to species: Emery, 1920b: 233. Current subspecies: nominal plus saltensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
bruchi. Camponotus bruchi Forel, 1912i: 69 (s.w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Senior synonym of boliviana: Kusnezov, 1953e: 225. Current subspecies: nominal plus lysistrata, titicacensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cameranoi TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
cameranoi. Camponotus senex subsp. cameranoi Emery, 1894e: 3 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1909a: 264 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Raised to species: Forel, 1914a: 270; Bruch, 1914: 228. Current subspecies: nominal plus eugaster, inlex.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cordiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEcordiceps. Camponotus (Myrmothrix) cordiceps Santschi, 1939e: 327, figs. 6, 7 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Hashmi, 1973: 121.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus crispulus TRUE TRUE FALSEcrispulus. Camponotus (Myrmaphaenus) blandus var. crispula Santschi, 1922c: 110 (w.) ARGENTINA. Subspecies of blandus: Santschi, 1929d: 315. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 46.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus guayapa TRUE TRUE FALSEguayapa. Camponotus guayapa Kusnezov, 1952d: 211 (w.) fig. 13 ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Kempf, 1972a: 52.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus TRUE TRUE FALSE11 subspecies
punctulatus. Camponotus punctulatus Mayr, 1868b: 161 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Goni et al., 1983: 366 (k.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913l: 248; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Subspecies of tenuiscapus: Emery, 1888c: 365. Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 248; Emery, 1894g: 375; Pergande, 1896: 864; Emery, 1903: 65; Santschi, 1922c: 104. Current subspecies: nominal plus andigenus, brevibarbis, chubutensis, cruentus, hybridus, imberbis, lillii, lizeri, minutior, pergandei, tenuibarbis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rosariensis TRUE TRUE FALSErosariensis. Camponotus blandus r. rosariensis Forel, 1912i: 75 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmocamelus): Forel, 1913l: 249; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 46.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rusticus TRUE TRUE FALSErusticus. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) rusticus Santschi, 1916e: 398, fig. (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sculptor TRUE TRUE FALSEsculptor. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) sculptor Santschi, 1920d: 386 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Santschi, 1921f: 311; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus territus TRUE TRUE FALSEterritus. Camponotus (Paracolobopsis) territus Santschi, 1939e: 329 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Kempf, 1972a: 47.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus yala TRUE TRUE FALSEyala. Camponotus yala Kusnezov, 1952d: 226, fig. 12 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Kempf, 1972a: 54.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis weiseri TRUE TRUE FALSEweiseri. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) bonariensis st. weiseri Santschi, 1922c: 102 (s.w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis tucumanus TRUE TRUE FALSEtucumanus. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) bonariensis var. tucumana Santschi, 1922c: 102 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1922d: 261 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus tenuibarbis TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuibarbis. Camponotus punctulatus var. tenuibarbis Santschi, 1939e: 325 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus borellii saltensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsaltensis. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) borellii var. saltensis Emery, 1925b: 79 (s.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus r. borelli var. saltensis Forel, 1913l: 248; unavailable name.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus imberbis TRUE TRUE FALSEimberbis. Camponotus punctulatus subsp. imberbis Emery, 1906c: 190 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA.Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Bruch, 1914: 229; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus propinquus baretoi TRUE TRUE FALSEbaretoi. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) propinquus var. baretoi Santschi, 1922c: 123 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis chacoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchacoensis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) brasiliensis var. chacoensis Santschi, 1919f: 56 (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus chubutensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchubutensis. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) punctulatus var. chubutensis Forel, 1913l: 248 (s.). ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus cruentus TRUE TRUE FALSEcruentus. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) punctulatus st. cruenta Santschi, 1922c: 104 (w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Camponotus punctulatus subsp. imberbis var. cruenta Emery, 1906c: 190; unavailable name.] Material of the unavailable name mediorufa referred here: Santschi, 1922c: 104.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis luteolus TRUE TRUE FALSEluteolus. Camponotus maculatus subsp. luteolus Emery, 1906c: 188 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Senior synonym of carolinus (unnecessary replacement name): Bolton, 1995b: 109. Currently subspecies of bonariensis: Emery, 1920b: 233.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bruchi lysistrata TRUE TRUE FALSElysistrata. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) bruchi st. lysistrata Santschi, 1919f: 56 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mus mendozanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmendozanus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) mus var. mendozana Santschi, 1922b: 377 (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus minutior TRUE TRUE FALSEminutior. Camponotus punctulatus r. minutior Forel, 1886f: 173 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913l: 249; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Subspecies of tenuiscapus: Emery, 1888c: 366; of punctulatus: Emery, 1894g: 376; Santschi, 1922c: 104. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 243; Emery, 1903: 71; Emery, 1906c: 190. Provisional synonym of punctulatus: Wheeler, W.M. 1929e: 104 (footnote). Currently subspecies of punctulatus: Kempf, 1972a: 71.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus substitutus pullulus TRUE TRUE FALSEpullulus. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) substitutus var. pullula Emery, 1925b: 83 (w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Camponotus melanoticus st. substitutus var. pullula Santschi, 1922d; 262, unavailable name.]
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Oligomyrmex bruchi Santschi, 1933e: 116 (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Erebomyrma: Brandão, 1991: 343; in Oligomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 299; in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 219.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara longiceps TRUE TRUE FALSElongiceps. Oligomyrmex longiceps Santschi, 1929d: 295, figs. 33, 34 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Erebomyrma: Brandão, 1991: 343; in Oligomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 299; in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 216.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara stenoptera TRUE TRUE FALSEstenoptera. Oligomyrmex stenopterus Kusnezov, 1952f: 184, fig. 2 (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Erebomyrma: Brandão, 1991: 343; in Oligomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 300; in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 219.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebarella bicolor TRUE TRUE FALSEbicolor. Carebarella bicolor Emery, 1906c: 138 (q.) ARGENTINA. Borgmeier, 1948b: 465 (w.m.). Senior synonym of punctatorugosa: Kempf, 1969: 281.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes bivestitus TRUE TRUE FALSEbivestitus. Cryptocerus bivestitus Santschi, 1922d: 254 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 38; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 677. Material of the unavailable name tucumana referred here by Kempf, 1958a: 38. Senior synonym of trivialis: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 677.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes borgmeieri TRUE TRUE FALSEborgmeieri. Paracryptocerus (Paracryptocerus) borgmeieri Kempf, 1951: 211, fig. 147 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 339 (s.). Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 323. See also: Kempf, 1969: 285.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Cryptocerus bruchi Forel, 1912e: 202 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kusnezov, 1953b: 338; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 618. Senior synonym of pampaensis, ridiculus: Kempf, 1958a: 44.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes fossithorax TRUE TRUE FALSEfossithorax. Cryptocerus fossithorax Santschi, 1921h: 125, fig. 1 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 638 (m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 58; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 635.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes incertus TRUE TRUE FALSEincertus. Cryptocerus incertus Emery, 1906c: 171, fig. 31 (w.) ARGENTINA. Kempf, 1952: 16 (q.); Kempf, 1974a: 71 (s.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Santschi, 1921h: 125; in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1952: 15; in Zacryptocerus: Kempf, 1974a: 71; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 420.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes lanuginosus TRUE TRUE FALSElanuginosus. Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus) lanuginosus Santschi, 1919f: 46 (w.) ARGENTINA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 654 (s.q.m.). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 652. Junior synonym of liogaster: Kempf, 1958a: 25. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of lobigaster: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 652.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes liogaster TRUE TRUE FALSEliogaster. Cryptocerus liogaster Santschi, 1916e: 381, fig. (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 25; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 658. Senior synonym of fides: Kempf, 1958a: 25.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pileini TRUE TRUE FALSEpileini. Cephalotes pileini De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 385, figs. 171, 172 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes prodigiosus TRUE TRUE FALSEprodigiosus. Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus) prodigiosus Santschi, 1921h: 124 (s.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 49; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 675. See also: Kempf, 1964b: 252.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes quadratus TRUE TRUE FALSEquadratus. Cryptocerus quadratus Mayr, 1868b: 175 (s.) ARGENTINA. Emery, 1896h: 634 (w.q.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 33; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 660. Senior synonym of convexus: Kempf, 1958a: 33.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes supercilii TRUE TRUE FALSEsupercilii. Cephalotes supercilii De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 639, fig. 299 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster arata TRUE TRUE FALSEarata. Crematogaster arata Emery, 1906c: 140 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 133; in C. (Neocrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182; Kempf, 1972a: 83.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Crematogaster bruchi Forel, 1912f: 219 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster euterpe TRUE TRUE FALSEeuterpe. Crematogaster (Neocrema) euterpe Santschi, 1922d: 246 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster oxygynoides TRUE TRUE FALSEoxygynoides. Crematogaster (Neocrema) oxygynoides Santschi, 1934a: 189 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster polymnia TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
polymnia. Crematogaster (Neocrema) polymnia Santschi, 1922d: 247 (w.) ARGENTINA. Current subspecies: nominal plus oeagria.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster scapamaris TRUE TRUE FALSEscapamaris. Crematogaster (Neocrema) scapamaris Santschi, 1922d: 244 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster scelerata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
scelerata. Crematogaster (Oxygyne) scelerata Santschi, 1917f: 279 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Neocrema): Santschi, 1922d: 244. Current subspecies: nominal plus taperensis.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster steinheili TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
steinheili. Crematogaster steinheili Forel, 1881: 15 (w.) ANTILLES. Forel, 1912f: 216 (q.m.); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 154 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Junior synonym of victima: Mayr, 1887: 624. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of victima: Dalla Torre, 1893: 87; Emery, 1895c: 288 (footnote). Revived status as species: Forel, 1912f: 216; Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 460; Gallardo, 1934: 45. Current subspecies: nominal plus argentina.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster quadriformis roveretoi TRUE TRUE FALSEroveretoi. Crematogaster quadriformis r. roveretoi Forel, 1913l: 234 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 292 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster steinheili argentina TRUE TRUE FALSEargentina. Crematogaster steinheili var. argentina Forel, 1915c: 356 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster iheringi bosqi TRUE TRUE FALSEbosqi. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) iheringi st. bosqi Santschi, 1934c: 29 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster iheringi nemesis TRUE TRUE FALSEnemesis. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) iheringi var. nemesis Santschi, 1934c: 28 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster polymnia oeagria TRUE TRUE FALSEoeagria. Crematogaster (Neocrema) polymnia var. oeagria Santschi, 1933e: 113 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Cyphomyrmex bruchi Santschi, 1917f: 282 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 34.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex daguerrei TRUE TRUE FALSEdaguerrei. Cyphomyrmex (Cyphomyrmex) daguerrei Santschi, 1933e: 118 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 28.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex lilloanus TRUE TRUE FALSElilloanus. Cyphomyrmex lilloanus Kusnezov, 1949d: 442, figs. 1-3 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 40.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex nemei TRUE TRUE FALSEnemei. Cyphomyrmex nemei Kusnezov, 1957b: 7 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 39.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex vallensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvallensis. Cyphomyrmex daguerrei subsp. vallense Kusnezov, 1949d: 450, figs. 12-15 (w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1957b: 11 (in key). See also: Kempf, 1964d: 34.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Discothyrea neotropica TRUE TRUE FALSEneotropica. Discothyrea neotropica Bruch, 1919: 400, figs. (q.) ARGENTINA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex alboniger TRUE TRUE FALSEalboniger. Dorymyrmex alboniger Forel, 1914d: 283 (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in D. (Spinomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 42.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex baeri TRUE TRUE FALSEbaeri. Dorymyrmex baeri André, 1903: 364 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1925e: 166 (q.m.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Gallardo, 1916a: 47; in D. (Ammomyrma): Santschi, 1925e: 152; in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex bituber TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
bituber. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) bituber Santschi, 1916e: 394, fig. (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma (Biconomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Current subspecies: nominal plus laticeps.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex breviscapis TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
breviscapis. Dorymyrmex breviscapis Forel, 1912h: 40 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1913l: 244; in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 84. Current subspecies: nominal plus alvarezi, elongatulus, speculiceps.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Dorymyrmex bruchi Forel, 1912h: 42 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in D. (Psammomyrma): Forel, 1912h: 43; in D. (Spinomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 40.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex brunneus TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunneus. Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. brunnea Forel, 1908c: 385 (w.) ARGENTINA. Gallardo, 1916a: 60 (q.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1913l: 244; in Conomyrma (Biconomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Biconomyrma: Kusnezov, 1959: 51; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Subspecies of pyramicus: Forel, 1911c: 306; Santschi, 1912e: 531. Raised to species: Santschi, 1929d: 305; Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; Kempf, 1975c: 375.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex carettei TRUE TRUE FALSEcarettei. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) carettei Forel, 1913l: 244 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 67.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex caretteoides TRUE TRUE FALSEcaretteoides. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) breviscapis var. caretteoides Forel, 1914d: 284 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex coniculus TRUE TRUE FALSEconiculus. Dorymyrmex (Ammomyrma) coniculus Santschi, 1922b: 370 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex ebeninus TRUE TRUE FALSEebeninus. Dorymyrmex bruchi var. ebenina Forel, 1914d: 282 (w.) ARGENTINA. [Possibly a junior synonym of alboniger: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429.] Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1978: 126.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex ensifer TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
ensifer. Dorymyrmex ensifer Forel, 1912h: 40 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in D. (Psammomyrma): Forel, 1912h: 43. Subspecies of mucronatus: Santschi, 1916e: 392. Revived status as species: Gallardo, 1916a: 37; Santschi, 1922b: 367. Current subspecies: nominal plus laevigatus, weiseri.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex exsanguis TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
exsanguis. Dorymyrmex exsanguis Forel, 1912h: 38 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1913l: 242 (q.m.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1913l: 242; in D. (Ammomyrma): Santschi, 1922b: 368; in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Current subspecies: nominal plus anaemicus, carbonarius, sordidus.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex flavescens TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
flavescens. Dorymyrmex flavescens Mayr, 1866a: 495 (q.m.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1922b: 366 (w.). Senior synonym of mucronatus: Gallardo, 1930: 144. Current subspecies: nominal plus jactans, mandibularis. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 28.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex fusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEfusculus. Dorymyrmex (Ammomyrma) fusculus Santschi, 1922b: 369 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 328; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex joergenseni TRUE TRUE FALSEjoergenseni. Dorymyrmex mucronatus var. joergenseni Bruch, 1917d: 431, figs. 1, 2 (w.) ARGENTINA. Subspecies of flavescens: Santschi, 1925e: 165. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex morenoi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
morenoi. Dorymyrmex morenoi Bruch, 1921: 187, fig. 7 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Current subspecies: nominal plus patagon.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex planidens TRUE TRUE FALSEplanidens. Dorymyrmex planidens Mayr, 1868b: 165 (w.) ARGENTINA. Brèthes, 1914b: 231 (q.m.). Combination in D. (Psammomyrma): Forel, 1912h: 43. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 28.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pulchellus TRUE TRUE FALSEpulchellus. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) pulchellus Santschi, 1922b: 371 (w.) ARGENTINA. Crozier, 1970: 114 (k.). Combination in Conomyrma (Biconomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex richteri TRUE TRUE FALSErichteri. Dorymyrmex tener subsp. richteri Forel, 1911c: 308 (w.) ARGENTINA. Gallardo, 1918a: 29 (m.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1915c: 359; in D. (Araucomyrmex): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; in Araucomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1953a: 110; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429. Junior synonym of antarcticus: Kusnezov, 1960b: 369; Kempf, 1972a: 25. Revived from synonymy and revived status as species: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 96 (in text).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex santschii TRUE TRUE FALSEsantschii. Dorymyrmex santschii Gallardo, 1917: 50, figs. (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Santschi, 1922d: 257; in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 431; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Subspecies of wolffhuegeli: Santschi, 1922d: 257. Revived status as species: Kusnezov, 1952g: 431.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Dorymyrmex silvestrii Gallardo, 1916c: 259, figs. 3, 4 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 431; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex steigeri TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
steigeri. Dorymyrmex steigeri Santschi, 1912e: 532, fig. 4 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1916e: 393 (m.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Santschi, 1916e: 393; Gallardo, 1916a: 66; in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Subspecies of wolffhuegeli: Santschi, 1920d: 381. Revived status as species: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430. Current subspecies: nominal plus platensis.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex thoracicus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
thoracicus. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) thoracicus Gallardo, 1916a: 52 (w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Dorymyrmex pyramicus st. brunneus var. thoracica Santschi, 1912e: 531; unavailable name.] Crozier, 1970: 114 (k.). Combination in Conomyrma (Biconomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Current subspecies: nominal plus gracilis, tigris.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex wolffhuegeli TRUE TRUE FALSEwolffhuegeli. Dorymyrmex wolffhuegeli Forel, 1911c: 307 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1914d: 284 (q.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1913l: 244; in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex ensifer weiseri TRUE TRUE FALSEweiseri. Dorymyrmex ensifer var. weiseri Santschi, 1922b: 367 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex thoracicus tigris TRUE TRUE FALSEtigris. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) thoracicus var. tigris Santschi, 1925e: 166 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex breviscapis speculiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEspeculiceps. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) breviscapis st. speculiceps Santschi, 1922b: 371 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex exsanguis sordidus TRUE TRUE FALSEsordidus. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) exsanguis st. sordida Santschi, 1919f: 54 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1922b: 369 (q.); Santschi, 1925e: 167 (m.). Combination in D. (Ammomyrma): Santschi, 1922b: 369; in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex steigeri platensis TRUE TRUE FALSEplatensis. Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. platensis Gallardo, 1916a: 55 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1920d: 381 (q.m.). Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Currently subspecies of steigeri: Kempf, 1972a: 80.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex morenoi patagon TRUE TRUE FALSEpatagon. Dorymyrmex morenoi st. patagon Santschi, 1922b: 367 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus nigriventris TRUE TRUE FALSEnigriventris. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) pyramicus var. nigriventris Santschi, 1922b: 373 (w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) pyramicus st. garbei var. nigriventris Santschi, 1916e: 393; unavailable name.] Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex flavescens mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Dorymyrmex flavescens var. mandibularis Santschi, 1925e: 166 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex bituber laticeps TRUE TRUE FALSElaticeps. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) bituber var. laticeps Santschi, 1919f: 54 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex ensifer laevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigatus. Dorymyrmex ensifer var. laevigata Gallardo, 1916a: 39 (w.) ARGENTINA. Material of the unavailable name taeniata referred here by Santschi, 1919f: 54.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex flavescens jactans TRUE TRUE FALSEjactans. Dorymyrmex mucronatus var. jactans Santschi, 1916e: 392, fig. (w.) ARGENTINA. Currently subspecies of flavescens: Santschi, 1922b: 367.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex thoracicus gracilis TRUE TRUE FALSEgracilis. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) thoracicus var. gracilis Santschi, 1920d: 381 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex breviscapis elongatulus TRUE TRUE FALSEelongatulus. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) breviscapis var. elongatula Santschi, 1919f: 53 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex exsanguis carbonarius TRUE TRUE FALSEcarbonarius. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) exsanguis var. carbonaria Forel, 1913l: 243 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Gallardo, 1918a: 29 (q.). Combination in D. (Ammomyrma): Santschi, 1922b: 369; in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex exsanguis anaemicus TRUE TRUE FALSEanaemicus. Dorymyrmex (Ammomyrma) exsanguis var. anaemica Santschi, 1922b: 368 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex breviscapis alvarezi TRUE TRUE FALSEalvarezi. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) breviscapis var. alvarezi Santschi, 1922b: 371 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton mexicanum argentinum TRUE TRUE FALSEargentinum. Eciton mexicanum subsp. argentinum Borgmeier, 1955: 259, pl. 55, figs. 7, 11; pl. 84, fig. 2 (s.q.) ARGENTINA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma edentatum TRUE TRUE FALSEedentatum. Ectatomma edentatum Roger, 1863a: 173 (w.) ARGENTINA. Emery, 1901c: 199 (l.); Almeida, 1987: 175 (q.). Senior synonym of inversa, iris and material of the unavailable name densestriata referred here: Brown, 1958g: 208; senior synonym of macdonaghi, morgani: Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 4.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Rhopalothrix bruchi Santschi, 1922d: 256 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Eurhopalothrix: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 214.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius albiventris TRUE TRUE FALSEalbiventris. Forelius chalybaeus r. albiventris Forel, 1912h: 45 (w.) ARGENTINA. Cuezzo, 2000: 216 (q.m.). Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1954b: 37; Kusnezov, 1957b: 16 (in key). See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 89; Cuezzo, 2000: 215.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius andinus TRUE TRUE FALSEandinus. Forelius andinus Kusnezov, 1957b: 15 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Cuezzo, 2000: 226 (m.).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius breviscapus TRUE TRUE FALSEbreviscapus. Forelius maccooki r. breviscapus Forel, 1914d: 286 (w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Forelius maccooki r. fiebrigi var. breviscapa Forel, 1913l: 241; unavailable name.] Raised to species: Santschi, 1922b: 374; Kusnezov, 1957b: 16. Senior synonym of obscurata, instabilis: Cuezzo, 2000: 235.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius chalybaeus TRUE TRUE FALSEchalybaeus. Forelius chalybaeus Emery, 1906c: 176 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of minor, paucistricta, personata: Cuezzo, 2000: 239. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 84.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius grandis TRUE TRUE FALSEgrandis. Forelius chalybaeus r. grandis Forel, 1912h: 46 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1914d: 285 (q.m.). Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1954b: 37; Kusnezov, 1957b: 18 (in key). [Santschi, 1916e: 393 erroneously refers to this taxon as major.] Senior synonym of debenedettii and material of the unavailable names basalis, symbiotica referred here: Cuezzo, 2000: 242.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius lilloi TRUE TRUE FALSElilloi. Forelius lilloi Cuezzo, 2000: 248, figs. 18, 34 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius macrops TRUE TRUE FALSEmacrops. Forelius macrops Kusnezov, 1957b: 14 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Cuezzo, 2000: 253.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius nigriventris TRUE TRUE FALSEnigriventris. Forelius nigriventris Forel, 1912h: 44 (w.) ARGENTINA. Brèthes, 1914b: 233 (q.); Cuezzo, 2000: 259 (m.). Senior synonym of modesta, transiens: Cuezzo, 2000: 257. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 81.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius pusillus TRUE TRUE FALSEpusillus. Forelius breviscapus var. pusillus Santschi, 1922b: 374 (w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species and senior synonym of tucumanus: Cuezzo, 2000: 263.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius rubriceps TRUE TRUE FALSErubriceps. Forelius chalybaeus var. rubriceps Gallardo, 1916a: 85 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Forelius chalybaeus r. grandis var. rubriceps Forel, 1914d: 286; unavailable name.] Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1957b: 17 (in key). See also:Cuezzo, 2000: 265.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius rufus TRUE TRUE FALSErufus. Forelius rufus Gallardo, 1916a: 77 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1922b: 373 (q.m.). See also: Cuezzo, 2000: 268.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Ectatomma (Parectatomma) bruchi Santschi, 1922d: 241 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in E. (Commateta): Santschi, 1929h: 476; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera argentina TRUE TRUE FALSEargentina. Ponera distinguenda var. argentina Santschi, 1922d: 242 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121. Raised to species: Santschi, 1925b: 8; Santschi, 1925e: 154.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera clavatula TRUE TRUE FALSEclavatula. Ponera clavatula Emery, 1906c: 116, fig. 1 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 276 (q.). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera fenestralis TRUE TRUE FALSEfenestralis. Ponera fenestralis Gallardo, 1918b: 82, fig. 20 (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera fiebrigi transiens TRUE TRUE FALSEtransiens. Ponera fiebrigi var. transiens Santschi, 1925e: 155 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera opaciceps pampana TRUE TRUE FALSEpampana. Ponera opaciceps var. pampana Santschi, 1925e: 153 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Myrmicinae Attini Kalathomyrmex emeryi TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryi. Myrmicocrypta emeryi Forel, 1907f: 144 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1912e: 189 (q.m.). Combination in Cyphomyrmex (Mycetophylax): Emery, 1913b: 251; in Myrmicocrypta (Mycetophylax): Santschi, 1916e: 383; in Mycetophylax: Santschi, 1925e: 163. Senior synonym of hummelincki: Weber, 1958d: 263; of arenicola, argentina, bolivari, fortis, gallardoi, glaber, hubrichi, weiseri: Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 22.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys australis TRUE TRUE FALSEaustralis. Lobopelta australis Emery, 1888e: 693 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Leptogenys (Lobopelta): Emery, 1911d: 105.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys bohlsi weiseri TRUE TRUE FALSEweiseri. Leptogenys bohlsi st. weiseri Santschi, 1925e: 153, fig. 1 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema gallardoi TRUE TRUE FALSEgallardoi. Dorymyrmex gallardoi Brèthes, 1914a: 95 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 306 (q.). Wild, 2007a: 57 (m.). Combination in Iridomyrmex: Gallardo, 1916a: 105; in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Subspecies of humile: Gallardo, 1916a: 105; Santschi, 1929d: 306. Raised to species and senior synonym of breviscapa, impotens: Wild, 2007a: 55.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema humile TRUE TRUE FALSEhumile. Hypoclinea humilis Mayr, 1868b: 164 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1908c: 395 (m.); Newell, 1908: 28 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 186 (l.); Crozier, 1969: 250 (k.). Combination in H. (Iridomyrmex): Mayr, 1870b: 959; in Iridomyrmex: Emery, 1888d: 386; in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Senior synonym of arrogans, riograndensis: Wild, 2004: 1207. See also: Gallardo, 1916a: 97; Bernard, 1967: 251; Collingwood, 1979: 33; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1418; Ward, 1987: 1; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1990a: 465; Shattuck, 1994: 123; Wild, 2007a: 61; Solis, Fox, Rossi & Bueno, 2010: 19.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetosoritis clorindae TRUE TRUE FALSEclorindae. Cyphomyrmex (Mycetosoritis) clorindae Kusnezov, 1949d: 444, figs. 4, 5 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Mycetosoritis: Kempf, 1968b: 401.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Myrmelachista (Decamera) bruchi Santschi, 1922d: 258 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista elongata TRUE TRUE FALSEelongata. Myrmelachista gallicola st. elongata Santschi, 1925e: 168 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149. Raised to species: Santschi, 1936d: 419.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista schachovskoi TRUE TRUE FALSEschachovskoi. Myrmelachista (Decamera) schachovskoi Kusnezov, 1951b: 359, figs. 1, 3, 10 (w.l.) ARGENTINA. Kusnezov, 1960b: 384 (q.). Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista vicina TRUE TRUE FALSEvicina. Myrmelachista (Decamera) vicina Kusnezov, 1951b: 360, figs. 2, 4, 5-9 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista nigella ruficornis TRUE TRUE FALSEruficornis. Myrmelachista (Decamera) nigella var. ruficornis Santschi, 1936d: 420 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Myrmicocrypta bruchi Santschi, 1936d: 409, figs. 13, 14 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta ogloblini TRUE TRUE FALSEogloblini. Myrmicocrypta ogloblini Santschi, 1936d: 411, figs. 17-20 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex angustinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEangustinodis. Eciton angustinode Emery, 1888e: 691 (w.) ARGENTINA. Borgmeier, 1930: 24 (q.). Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1894c: 183 (in key); in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Bruch, 1934b: 132; Borgmeier, 1955: 549.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Eciton (Acamatus) bruchi Forel, 1912g: 30 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 428.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex carettei TRUE TRUE FALSEcarettei. Eciton (Acamatus) carettei Forel, 1913l: 208 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 568.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex laevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigatus. Eciton (Neivamyrmex) laevigatum Borgmeier, 1948b: 460, figs. 1-4 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 399.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex lieselae TRUE TRUE FALSElieselae. Eciton (Acamatus) lieselae Forel, 1913l: 209 (m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 584.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex sulcatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsulcatus. Labidus sulcatus Mayr, 1868b: 168 (m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Eciton (Labidus): Mayr, 1886d: 441; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 11. Senior synonym of richteri: Santschi, 1916e: 368; of modificata: Borgmeier, 1953: 9. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 610.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex argentinus TRUE TRUE FALSEargentinus. Leptothorax (Goniothorax) argentinus Santschi, 1922d: 251 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 425; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
silvestrii. Prenolepis silvestrii Emery, 1906c: 186, figs. 45, 46 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1913l: 246; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Current subspecies: nominal plus kuenzleri.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia silvestrii kuenzleri TRUE TRUE FALSEkuenzleri. Prenolepis vividula var. kuenzleri Forel, 1909a: 268 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1913l: 246; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 168; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Currently subspecies of silvestrii: Forel, 1913l: 246; Emery, 1914f: 422 (footnote).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva fumatipennis TRUE TRUE FALSEfumatipennis. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) fulva var. fumatipennis Forel, 1915c: 362 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Oxyepoecus bruchi Santschi, 1926d: 6, figs. A-D (q.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 295 (w.). Combination in Mitara: Santschi, 1927d: 246; in Martia: Santschi, 1929d: 295; in Oxyepoecus: Ettershank, 1966: 146. Senior synonym of minuta: Kempf, 1974b: 478.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus daguerrei TRUE TRUE FALSEdaguerrei. Martia daguerrei Santschi, 1933e: 111 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Oxyepoecus: Ettershank, 1966: 146. See also: Kempf, 1974b: 486; Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 294.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus inquilinus TRUE TRUE FALSEinquilinus. Martia inquilina Kusnezov, 1952h: 720 (diagnosis in key) (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Oxyepoecus: Ettershank, 1966: 146. Senior synonym of turgidus: Kempf, 1974b: 489.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla constricticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEconstricticeps. Pachycondyla constricticeps Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 274, figs. 60, 247, 402, 403 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Paramycetophylax bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Sericomyrmex bruchi Santschi, 1916e: 383, fig. (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Myrmicocrypta (Mycetophylax): Santschi, 1922b: 355; in Paramycetophylax: Kusnezov, 1956: 24; in Mycetophylax: Santschi, 1923c: 268; Weber, 1958d: 262. Senior synonym of cristulata, emmae, pauper (and the omitted name simplex, see below): Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 27.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Paraprionopelta minima TRUE TRUE FALSEminima. Paraprionopelta minima Kusnezov, 1955: 271, figs. 1, 2, 5a (m.) ARGENTINA. Probable combination in Amblyopone: Brown, 1973b: 183. [Paraprionopelta minima Kusnezov, 1954b: 34. Nomen nudum.]
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole aberrans TRUE TRUE FALSEaberrans. Pheidole aberrans Mayr, 1868b: 172 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Emery, 1906c: 142 (q.); Forel, 1913l: 232 (m.). Combination in P. (Elasmopheidole): Forel, 1913k: 43. Senior synonym of diversiceps, fartilia, mutica: Wilson, 2003: 131. See also: Bruch, 1914: 219; Bruch, 1916: 312.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole acutidens TRUE TRUE FALSEacutidens. Bruchomyrma acutidens Santschi, 1922d: 249, figs. A-D (q.) ARGENTINA. Bruch, 1931: 31 (m.). Combination in Pheidole: Wilson, 1984: 327. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 52; Wilson, 2003: 260.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alacris TRUE TRUE FALSEalacris. Pheidole flavens st. alacris Santschi, 1923d: 61 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species and senior synonym of mediorubra: Wilson, 2003: 366.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole argentina TRUE TRUE FALSEargentina. Gallardomyrma argentina Bruch, 1932: 273, figs. 1-8 (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pheidole: Wilson, 1984: 327. See also: Wilson, 2003: 267.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole atticola TRUE TRUE FALSEatticola. Pheidole nana r. atticola Forel, 1912f: 236 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 375.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bergi TRUE TRUE FALSEbergi. Pheidole bergi Mayr, 1887: 593 (s.), 605 (w.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of goetschi, pulliventris, subparallela: Wilson, 2003: 269.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole breviseta TRUE TRUE FALSEbreviseta. Pheidole flavens st. breviseta Santschi, 1919f: 39 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1923d: 60 (s.). Raised to species: Santschi, 1923d: 60. See also: Wilson, 2003: 384.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bruchella TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchella. Pheidole lignicola var. bruchella Forel, 1915c: 355 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 386.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Pheidole bruchi Forel, 1914d: 274 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 668.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole carapunco TRUE TRUE FALSEcarapunco. Pheidole carapunco Kusnezov, 1952b: 82 (s.w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 389.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cordiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEcordiceps. Pheidole cordiceps Mayr, 1868b: 174 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Emery, 1906c: 149 (q.). Senior synonym of lilianae: Wilson, 2003: 279.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole descolei TRUE TRUE FALSEdescolei. Pheidole descolei Kusnezov, 1952b: 76 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 680.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dione TRUE TRUE FALSEdione. Pheidole rufipilis var. dione Forel, 1913l: 225 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 286.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole durionei TRUE TRUE FALSEdurionei. Pheidole wolfringi st. durionei Santschi, 1923d: 51 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 288.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gigaflavens TRUE TRUE FALSEgigaflavens. Pheidole gigaflavens Wilson, 2003: 696, figs. (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole haywardi FALSE FALSE FALSEhaywardi. Pheidole haywardi Kusnezov, 1952b: 88 (w.) ARGENTINA. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole heterothrix TRUE TRUE FALSEheterothrix. Pheidole obtusopilosa st. heterothrix Santschi, 1923d: 59 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species and senior synonym of gavrilovi: Wilson, 2003: 436.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole humeridens TRUE TRUE FALSEhumeridens. Pheidole humeridens Wilson, 2003: 301, figs. (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole jujuyensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjujuyensis. Pheidole oxyops r. jujuyensis Forel, 1913l: 229 (w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Kempf, 1964e: 62. See also: Wilson, 2003: 308.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laticrista TRUE TRUE FALSElaticrista. Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) laticrista Santschi, 1916e: 375, 2 figs. (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 134.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lilloi TRUE TRUE FALSElilloi. Elasmopheidole lilloi Kusnezov, 1952b: 74 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pheidole (Elasmopheidole): Kempf, 1972a: 184. See also: Wilson, 2003: 135.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole longior TRUE TRUE FALSElongior. Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) cavifrons st. longior Santschi, 1933e: 110, figs. 1-3 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 136.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nitidula TRUE TRUE FALSEnitidula. Pheidole triconstricta var. nitidula Emery, 1888e: 693 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 281 (q.m.). Raised to species: Emery, 1906c: 154. Senior synonym of daguerrei, perversa, richteri, silvicola, strobeli (and its junior synonym misera) and material of the unavailable names labrata, vicina referred here: Wilson, 2003: 328.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nubila TRUE TRUE FALSEnubila. Pheidole triconstricta var. nubila Emery, 1906c: 153 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1919f: 40. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 211.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole obnixa TRUE TRUE FALSEobnixa. Pheidole arciruga r. obnixa Forel, 1912f: 236 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1913l: 231 (s.q.). Combination in P. (Elasmopheidole): Bruch, 1914: 219. Raised to species: Santschi, 1925e: 157. See also: Wilson, 2003: 138.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole obscurifrons TRUE TRUE FALSEobscurifrons. Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) aberrans var. obscurifrons Santschi, 1925e: 158 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 139.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole obscurithorax TRUE TRUE FALSEobscurithorax. Pheidole fallax subsp. obscurithorax Naves, 1985: 61 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Pheidole fallax st. arenicola var. obscurithorax Santschi, 1923d: 58; unavailable name.] Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 331.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pampana TRUE TRUE FALSEpampana. Pheidole nitidula st. pampana Santschi, 1929d: 283, figs. 6-8 (s.w.m.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species and material of the unavailabel name nigrior referred here: Wilson, 2003: 334.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pullula TRUE TRUE FALSEpullula. Pheidole silvestrii var. pullula Santschi, 1911b: 53 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 737.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole reflexans TRUE TRUE FALSEreflexans. Pheidole (Pheidole) radoszkowskii var. reflexans Santschi, 1933e: 109 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Junior synonym of radoszkowskii: Wilson, 2003: 221. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 53.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole risii TRUE TRUE FALSErisii. Pheidole risii Forel, 1892a: 38 (s.w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 740.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rosula TRUE TRUE FALSErosula. Pheidole rosula Wilson, 2003: 743, figs. (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rudigenis TRUE TRUE FALSErudigenis. Pheidole flavens subsp. rudigenis Emery, 1906c: 155 (s.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species and senior synonym of bucolica: Wilson, 2003: 498.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rugatula TRUE TRUE FALSErugatula. Pheidole (Pheidole) risi var. rugatula Santschi, 1933e: 109 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 745.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole scapulata TRUE TRUE FALSEscapulata. Pheidole scapulata Santschi, 1923d: 63 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in P. (Trachypheidole): Kempf, 1972a: 205. See also: Wilson, 2003: 257.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole spininodis TRUE TRUE FALSEspininodis. Pheidole spininodis Mayr, 1887: 591 (s.), 605 (w.) ARGENTINA. Goni, Zolessi & Imai, 1983: 365 (k.). Senior synonym of hohenlohei: Emery, 1906c: 146 (in text); of bruta, lucifuga, pencosensis, solaris, spielbergi: Wilson, 2003: 756.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole subaberrans TRUE TRUE FALSEsubaberrans. Elasmopheidole subaberrans Kusnezov, 1952b: 71 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pheidole (Elasmopheidole): Kempf, 1972a: 184. See also: Wilson, 2003: 140.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tarchon TRUE TRUE FALSEtarchon. Pheidole tarchon Wilson, 2003: 517, figs. (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole taurus TRUE TRUE FALSEtaurus. Pheidole taurus Emery, 1906c: 142, fig. 20 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in P. (Elasmopheidole): Forel, 1913k: 43. See also: Wilson, 2003: 141.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole trachyderma TRUE TRUE FALSEtrachyderma. Pheidole risi subsp. trachyderma Emery, 1906c: 148 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. [Misspelled as pachyderma by Santschi, 1912e: 529.] Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 765.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole triconstricta TRUE TRUE FALSEtriconstricta. Pheidole triconstricta Forel, 1886b: xlv (s.) ARGENTINA. Emery, 1906c: 152 (q.). Senior synonym of ambulans, discursans, hebe, rosariensis, saviozae: Wilson, 2003: 241.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole weiseri TRUE TRUE FALSEweiseri. Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) aberrans st. weiseri Santschi, 1923d: 64 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 142.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex andinus TRUE TRUE FALSEandinus. Pogonomyrmex longibarbis subsp. andinus Kusnezov, 1951a: 276, fig. 12 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1978: 107.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex atratus TRUE TRUE FALSEatratus. Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus var. atrata Santschi, 1922b: 347 (w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1951a: 251.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex brevibarbis TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
brevibarbis. Pogonomyrmex brevibarbis Emery, 1906c: 158 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1925d: 223 (m.). Senior synonym of ater, carettei: Kusnezov, 1951a: 250. Current subspecies: nominal plus niger, silvestrii.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Pogonomyrmex coarctatus r. bruchi Forel, 1913l: 217 (w.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Forel, 1914d: 268.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex carbonarius TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
carbonarius. Pogonomyrmex carbonarius Mayr, 1868b: 172 (w.) ARGENTINA. Junior synonym of rastratus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 119. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of rastratus: Emery, 1906c: 157; Gallardo, 1932b: 136. Revived status as species: Kusnezov, 1951a: 251. Current subspecies: nominal plus sanmartini.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex catanlilensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcatanlilensis. Pogonomyrmex catanlilensis Gallardo, 1931a: 187, fig. 2 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex coarctatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcoarctatus. Pogonomyrmex coarctatus Mayr, 1868b: 170 (w.) ARGENTINA. Mayr, 1887: 614 (q.); Bruch, 1917a: 303 (m.). Senior synonym of striaticeps: Kusnezov, 1951a: 253. See also: Gallardo, 1932b: 150.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex cunicularius TRUE TRUE FALSEcunicularius. Pogonomyrmex cunicularius Mayr, 1887: 613 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. [Misspelled as cunicularis by Santschi, 1922b: 349 and some subsequent authors.] Senior synonym of brevispinus, carnivora, pencosensis, serpens and material of the unavailable name dubia referred here: Kusnezov, 1951a: 251.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex kusnezovi TRUE TRUE FALSEkusnezovi. Pogonomyrmex kusnezovi Cuezzo & Claver, 2009: 105, figs. 3, 4 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex inermis TRUE TRUE FALSEinermis. Pogonomyrmex inermis Forel, 1914d: 267 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Gallardo, 1932b: 128.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex laticeps TRUE TRUE FALSElaticeps. Pogonomyrmex laticeps Santschi, 1922b: 350 (w.) ARGENTINA. Kusnezov, 1951a: 274 (ergatoid q.).
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex lobatus TRUE TRUE FALSElobatus. Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi, 1921g: 96 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex longibarbis TRUE TRUE FALSElongibarbis. Pogonomyrmex longibarbis Gallardo, 1931a: 185, fig. 1 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex mendozanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmendozanus. Pogonomyrmex mendozanus Cuezzo & Claver, 2009: 101, figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7-11 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex meridionalis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
meridionalis. Pogonomyrmex meridionalis Kusnezov, 1951a: 277 (w.) ARGENTINA. Current subspecies: nominal plus leonis.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex micans TRUE TRUE FALSEmicans. Pogonomyrmex bruchi r. micans Forel, 1914d: 268 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1951a: 254.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex odoratus TRUE TRUE FALSEodoratus. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) odoratus Kusnezov, 1949c: 302, figs. 1, 2 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1960b: 354; in Pogonomyrmex: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 75.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex pronotalis TRUE TRUE FALSEpronotalis. Pogonomyrmex pronotalis Santschi, 1922b: 350 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex rastratus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
rastratus. Pogonomyrmex rastratus Mayr, 1868b: 171 (w.) ARGENTINA. Mayr, 1887: 611 (m.). Senior synonym of neuquensis, weiseri: Kusnezov, 1951a: 252. Current subspecies: nominal plus pulchellus.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex tenuipubens TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuipubens. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) tenuipubens Santschi, 1936d: 403, fig. 4 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 341.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex variabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEvariabilis. Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus var. variabilis Santschi, 1916b: 511 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1951a: 253.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
vermiculatus. Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus Emery, 1906c: 157 (w.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of intermedia, semistriata, spinolae: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 75. Current subspecies: nominal plus chubutensis.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex brevibarbis silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Pogonomyrmex silvestrii Emery, 1906c: 159, fig. 22 (w.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of longiceps: Kusnezov, 1951a: 250. Currently subspecies of brevibarbis: Kusnezov, 1951a: 250.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex carbonarius sanmartini TRUE TRUE FALSEsanmartini. Pogonomyrmex carbonarius subsp. sanmartini Kusnezov, 1953a: 110 (diagnosis in key) (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex rastratus pulchellus TRUE TRUE FALSEpulchellus. Pogonomyrmex rastratus var. pulchellus Santschi, 1925d: 223 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex brevibarbis niger TRUE TRUE FALSEniger. Pogonomyrmex silvestrii var. niger Santschi, 1925e: 156, fig. 16 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of incultus: Kusnezov, 1951a: 250. Currently subspecies of brevibarbis: Kusnezov, 1951a: 250.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex meridionalis leonis TRUE TRUE FALSEleonis. Pogonomyrmex meridionalis subsp. leonis Kusnezov, 1951a: 278 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus chubutensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchubutensis. Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus var. chubutensis Forel, 1913l: 218 (w.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of jorgenseni: Kusnezov, 1951a: 253. Currently subspecies of vermiculatus: Kusnezov, 1951a: 253.
Proceratiinae Probolomyrmecini Probolomyrmex brujitae TRUE TRUE FALSEbrujitae. Probolomyrmex brujitae Agosti, 1995: 433, figs. 5, 6, 9, 10, 14 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Pseudoatta argentina TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
argentina. Pseudoatta argentina Gallardo, 1916d: 321, figs. 1, 2 (q.m.) ARGENTINA. See also: Bruch, 1928: 341; Gallardo, 1929: 197; Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 52. Current subspecies: nominal plus platensis.
Myrmicinae Attini Pseudoatta argentina platensis TRUE TRUE FALSEplatensis. Pseudoatta argentina var. platensis Santschi, 1926d: 7 (q.m.) ARGENTINA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex inquilinus TRUE TRUE FALSEinquilinus. Pseudomyrmex inquilinus Ward, 1996: 255, figs. 1-4, 11, 12, 21, 22 (q.m.) ARGENTINA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex solisi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
solisi. Pseudomyrma solisi Santschi, 1916e: 371, fig. 1 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 102. Current subspecies: nominal plus belgranoi. See also: Gallardo, 1932a: 68.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex acanthobius cocae TRUE TRUE FALSEcocae. Pseudomyrma acanthobia var. cocae Santschi, 1922d: 243 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 215.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex solisi belgranoi TRUE TRUE FALSEbelgranoi. Pseudomyrma solisi var. belgranoi Santschi, 1916e: 372, figs. 2, 3 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 223.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex gracilis argentinus TRUE TRUE FALSEargentinus. Pseudomyrma gracilis var. argentina Santschi, 1934c: 27 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 434.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica conspersa TRUE TRUE FALSEconspersa. Strumigenys conspersa Emery, 1906c: 169, fig. 29 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 302 (q.). Combination in S. (Cephaloxys): Emery, 1924d: 325; in Smithistruma: Brown, 1953g: 100; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 155.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica kyidriformis TRUE TRUE FALSEkyidriformis. Smithistruma kyidriformis Brown, 1964a: 188,pl. 16, figs. 4, 5 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 200.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica lilloana TRUE TRUE FALSElilloana. Glamyromyrmex (Chelystruma) lilloana Brown, 1950a: 23, fig. 1 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Chelystruma: Kempf, 1959d: 338; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 201.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica lygatrix TRUE TRUE FALSElygatrix. Pyramica lygatrix Bolton, 2000: 204, figs. 141, 188 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Rhopalothrix kusnezovi TRUE TRUE FALSEkusnezovi. Rhopalothrix kusnezovi Brown & Kempf, 1960: 238, fig. 60 (q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Rogeria bruchi Santschi, 1922b: 352 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 72.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria minima TRUE TRUE FALSEminima. Rogeria minima Kusnezov, 1958a: 44, figs. 1-3 (q.) ARGENTINA. [R. minima Kusnezov, 1954b: 35. Nomen nudum.] See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 70.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis albidula TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
albidula. Solenopsis albidula Emery, 1906c: 129, fig. 12 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Current subspecies: nominal plus flava, postbrunnea.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis andina TRUE TRUE FALSEandina. Solenopsis andina Santschi, 1923c: 262, fig. 3 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 107.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis brevipes TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevipes. Solenopsis brevipes Emery, 1906c: 135, fig. 16 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis daguerrei TRUE TRUE FALSEdaguerrei. Labauchena daguerrei Santschi, 1930d: 81, fig. 12 (q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 140. Senior synonym of acuminata: Borgmeier, 1959a: 318.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis dalli TRUE TRUE FALSEdalli. Bisolenopsis dalli Kusnezov, 1969: 36 (diagnosis in key) (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Solenopsis: Brandão, 1991: 378.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis decipiens TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
decipiens. Solenopsis decipiens Emery, 1906c: 126, fig. 8 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Current subspecies: nominal plus abjecta.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis egregia TRUE TRUE FALSEegregia. Synsolenopsis egregia Kusnezov, 1953c: 342, figs. 1-3 (s.w.q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 140.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis electra TRUE TRUE FALSEelectra. Solenopsis pylades r. electra Forel, 1914d: 275 (w.) ARGENTINA. Creighton, 1930b: 93 (q.). Subspecies of geminata: Wheeler, W.M. 1915b: 397; of saevissima: Santschi, 1923c: 266; Santschi, 1929d: 299; Creighton, 1930b: 92. Junior synonym of saevissima: Wilson, 1952b: 55. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Trager, 1991: 192.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis eximia TRUE TRUE FALSEeximia. Synsolenopsis eximia Kusnezov, 1953c: 346, fig. 4 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 140.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis gallardoi TRUE TRUE FALSEgallardoi. Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) gallardoi Santschi, 1925e: 160, fig. 5 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis granivora TRUE TRUE FALSEgranivora. Solenopsis (Granisolenopsis) granivora Kusnezov, 1957a: 277, pl. 6, figs. 1-10 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis interrupta TRUE TRUE FALSEinterrupta. Solenopsis saevissima var. interrupta Santschi, 1916e: 379 (w.) ARGENTINA. Subspecies of saevissima: Creighton, 1930b: 89. Raised to species: Wilson, 1952b: 51. See also: Buren, 1972: 22; Trager, 1991: 178.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis joergenseni TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
joergenseni. Solenopsis joergenseni Santschi, 1919f: 42 (w.) ARGENTINA. Current subspecies: nominal plus cuspisior, edentula.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis leptanilloides TRUE TRUE FALSEleptanilloides. Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) leptanilloides Santschi, 1925e: 159, fig. 4 (w.) ARGENTINA. See also: Pall & Quirán, 2009: 381.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis loretana TRUE TRUE FALSEloretana. Solenopsis (Oedaleocerus) loretana Santschi, 1936d: 406, figs. 6-8 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis macdonaghi TRUE TRUE FALSEmacdonaghi. Solenopsis saevissima var. macdonaghi Santschi, 1916e: 379 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Junior synonym of interrupta: Creighton, 1930b: 89. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Trager, 1991: 179.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis macrops TRUE TRUE FALSEmacrops. Solenopsis macrops Santschi, 1917f: 280 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 120.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis metanotalis TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
metanotalis. Solenopsis metanotalis Emery, 1896g: 86 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 124. Current subspecies: nominal plus arga, emiliae, pelotana, picturata.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis metatarsalis TRUE TRUE FALSEmetatarsalis. Lilidris metatarsalis Kusnezov, 1957a: 274, pl. 3, figs. 1-6 (q.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 142.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis minutissima TRUE TRUE FALSEminutissima. Solenopsis minutissima Emery, 1906c: 133, fig. 15 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 44 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis oculata TRUE TRUE FALSEoculata. Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) angulata st. oculatus Santschi, 1925e: 161 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 133. Raised to species: Creighton, 1930b: 133.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis parva TRUE TRUE FALSEparva. Solenopsis parva Mayr, 1868b: 175 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis patagonica TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
patagonica. Solenopsis patagonica Emery, 1906c: 132, fig. 14 (w.) ARGENTINA. Gallardo, 1919b: 246 (q.m.). Senior synonym of thoracica: Kusnezov, 1960b: 338. Current subspecies: nominal plus medeis. See also: Kusnezov, 1949b: 281.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis photophila TRUE TRUE FALSEphotophila. Solenopsis (Synsolenopsis) photophila Santschi, 1923c: 250, fig. 1 (s.w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Synsolenopsis: Kusnezov, 1953c: 347; in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 142.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis pythia TRUE TRUE FALSEpythia. Solenopsis (Solenopsis) pythia Santschi, 1934c: 30 (q.) ARGENTINA. Trager, 1991: 182 (w.). See also: Wilson, 1952b: 50.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis quinquecuspis TRUE TRUE FALSEquinquecuspis. Solenopsis pylades var. quinquecuspis Forel, 1913l: 224 (w.) ARGENTINA. Subspecies of saevissima: Santschi, 1916e: 379; Creighton, 1930b: 86. Junior synonym of richteri: Wilson, 1952b: 57. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Buren, 1972: 17. Senior synonym of blumi: Trager, 1991: 185.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis richteri TRUE TRUE FALSErichteri. Solenopsis pylades var. richteri Forel, 1909a: 267 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Creighton, 1930b: 87 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1977: 589 (l.). Subspecies of saevissima: Santschi, 1916e: 379; Creighton, 1950a: 232; Wilson, 1952b: 58. Raised to species: Buren, 1972: 4. Senior synonym of tricuspis: Creighton, 1930b: 87; of oblongiceps: Trager, 1991: 187. See also: Rhoades, 1977: 1.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis schilleri TRUE TRUE FALSEschilleri. Solenopsis schilleri Santschi, 1923c: 263, fig. 3 (w.) ARGENTINA. Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 136.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis sea TRUE TRUE FALSEsea. Bisolenopsis sea Kusnezov, 1953d: 9, pl. 1, figs. 1-3; pl. 2, fig. 8, pl. 3, fig. 13 (q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 143.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis shiptoni TRUE TRUE FALSEshiptoni. Solenopsis shiptoni Forel, 1914d: 276 (w.) ARGENTINA. Subspecies of metanotalis: Creighton, 1930b: 127. Revived status as species: Wild, 2007b: 54.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis solenopsidis TRUE TRUE FALSEsolenopsidis. Paranamyrma solenopsidis Kusnezov, 1953d: 17, pl. 3, fig. 16; pl. 4, fig. 23 (q.m.) ARGENTINA. [Also described as new by Kusnezov, 1954a: 12.] Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 143.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis steigeri TRUE TRUE FALSEsteigeri. Solenopsis shiptoni var. steigeri Santschi, 1916e: 378 (w.) ARGENTINA. Subspecies of metanotalis: Bolton, 1995b: 391. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 37.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tetracantha TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
tetracantha. Solenopsis tetracantha Emery, 1906c: 131, fig. 13 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1917f: 281 (m.). Current subspecies: nominal plus videns.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis trihasta TRUE TRUE FALSEtrihasta. Solenopsis trihasta Santschi, 1923c: 252, fig. 2 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis weiseri TRUE TRUE FALSEweiseri. Solenopsis tenuis r. weiseri Forel, 1914d: 278 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Raised to species: Santschi, 1923c: 258.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tetracantha videns TRUE TRUE FALSEvidens. Solenopsis tetracantha var. videns Forel, 1912g: 4 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis decipiens abjecta TRUE TRUE FALSEabjecta. Solenopsis decipiens subsp. abjecta Emery, 1906c: 128, fig. 10 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1912g: 8 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis metanotalis arga TRUE TRUE FALSEarga. Solenopsis metanotalis var. argus Santschi, 1923c: 260 (w.m.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis westwoodi atticola TRUE TRUE FALSEatticola. Solenopsis westwoodi var. atticola Forel, 1912g: 7 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1929d: 298 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis clytemnestra bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruchi. Solenopsis clytemnestra r. bruchi Forel, 1912g: 6 (w.m.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1933e: 115 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis angulata carettei TRUE TRUE FALSEcarettei. Solenopsis angulata r. carettei Forel, 1913l: 223 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis hammari carhuensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcarhuensis. Solenopsis hammari var. carhuensis Forel, 1912g: 8 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis joergenseni cuspisior TRUE TRUE FALSEcuspisior. Solenopsis joergenseni var. cuspisior Santschi, 1923c: 254 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tenuis delfinoi TRUE TRUE FALSEdelfinoi. Solenopsis tenuis r. delfinoi Forel, 1913l: 222 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1914d: 278 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis angulata dolichops TRUE TRUE FALSEdolichops. Solenopsis angulata var. dolichops Emery, 1906c: 123 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis joergenseni edentula TRUE TRUE FALSEedentula. Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) joergenseni var. edentula Santschi, 1933e: 115 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis albidula flava TRUE TRUE FALSEflava. Solenopsis albidula var. flava Santschi, 1929d: 298 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis angulata huasanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEhuasanensis. Solenopsis angulata r. huasanensis Forel, 1912g: 8 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tridens lehmannnitschei TRUE TRUE FALSElehmannnitschei. Solenopsis tridens var. lehmannnitschei Santschi, 1916e: 378 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis basalis major TRUE TRUE FALSEmajor. Solenopsis basalis var. major Forel, 1913l: 220 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis angulata mendozensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmendozensis. Solenopsis angulata r. mendozensis Forel, 1914d: 277 (w.) ARGENTINA. [First available use of Solenopsis angulata r. carettei var. mendozensis Forel, 1913l: 223; unavailable name.]
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis angulata nigelloides TRUE TRUE FALSEnigelloides. Solenopsis angulata r. nigelloides Forel, 1913l: 223 (w.q.m.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis basalis oculatior TRUE TRUE FALSEoculatior. Solenopsis basalis r. oculatior Forel, 1913l: 220 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis metanotalis picturata TRUE TRUE FALSEpicturata. Solenopsis (Euophthalma) metanotalis var. picturata Santschi, 1931e: 276 (w.) ARGENTINA. Santschi, 1933e: 114 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis westwoodi platensis TRUE TRUE FALSEplatensis. Solenopsis westwoodi var. platensis Emery, 1906c: 125, fig. 7 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis basalis raptor TRUE TRUE FALSEraptor. Solenopsis basalis var. raptor Santschi, 1919f: 42 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys hindenburgi TRUE TRUE FALSEhindenburgi. Strumigenys hindenburgi Forel, 1915c: 357 (w.) ARGENTINA. Brown, 1961a: 63 (q.). See also: Bolton, 2000: 520.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys infidelis TRUE TRUE FALSEinfidelis. Strumigenys infidelis Santschi, 1919f: 48 (w.) ARGENTINA. Junior synonym of louisianae: Brown, 1953g: 28; revived from synonymy: Bolton, 2000: 523.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys ogloblini TRUE TRUE FALSEogloblini. Strumigenys (Strumigenys) ogloblini Santschi, 1936d: 409, figs. 15, 16 (w.) ARGENTINA. Brown, 1958f: 136 (q.). See also: Bolton, 2000: 544.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys prospiciens TRUE TRUE FALSEprospiciens. Strumigenys smithi subsp. prospiciens Emery, 1906c: 167, fig. 26 (w.) ARGENTINA. Brown, 1953f: 109 (q.). Junior synonym of smithii: Forel, 1911e: 263; of mandibularis: Emery, 1924d: 322. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Brown, 1953f: 108. See also: Bolton, 2000: 537.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Strumigenys silvestrii Emery, 1906c: 168, fig. 27 (w.q.) ARGENTINA. Senior synonym of caribbea: Brown, 1959f: 25. See also: Bolton, 2000: 559.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex papulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpapulatus. Trachymyrmex papulatus Santschi, 1922b: 359 (w.) ARGENTINA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex pruinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEpruinosus. Atta (Trachymyrmex) pruinosa Emery, 1906c: 163, fig. 25 (w.) ARGENTINA. Gallardo, 1916b: 249 (q.m.). Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 248. Senior synonym of spinosior: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2005: 294. .
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex tucumanus TRUE TRUE FALSEtucumanus. Acromyrmex (Trachymyrmex) iheringi var. tucumana Forel, 1914d: 282 (w.) ARGENTINA. Bruch, 1921: 202 (q.). Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916d: 325. Raised to species: Santschi, 1925e: 164. Senior synonym of cordovanus, fracticornis, weiseri: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2005: 299.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia sulcaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEsulcaticeps. Wasmannia sulcaticeps Emery, 1894c: 195 (w.) ARGENTINA. Forel, 1914d: 280 (q.m.). Senior synonym of bruchi: Kusnezov, 1952e: 174 (in text); of weiseri: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 281.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia williamsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEwilliamsoni. Wasmannia williamsoni Kusnezov, 1952e: 181, figs. 1, 4-7 (w.q.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus culmicola TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
culmicola. Camponotus (Colobopsis) culmicola Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 117, figs. V, W; pl. 7, figs. 10, 11 (s.w.q.m.) BAHAMAS. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 190 (l.). Current subspecies: nominal plus haweisi.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lucayanus TRUE TRUE FALSElucayanus. Camponotus maculatus subsp. lucayanus Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 112, figs. P-R (s.w.q.) BAHAMAS. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of fumidus: Santschi, 1922c: 101. Raised to species: Smith, M.R. 1954c: 12. See also: Snelling, R.R. 1968b: 351.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ramulorum TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
ramulorum. Camponotus inaequalis var. ramulorum Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 114, figs. S-U (s.w.q.m.) BAHAMAS. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Raised to species: Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 503 (in text). Current subspecies: nominal plus marcidus, mestrei, vernulus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus triton TRUE TRUE FALSEtriton. Camponotus (Colobopsis) triton Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 217 (q.) BAHAMAS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus culmicola haweisi TRUE TRUE FALSEhaweisi. Camponotus (Colobopsis) culmicola var. haweisi Mann, 1920: 439 (s.q.) BAHAMAS.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ramulorum marcidus TRUE TRUE FALSEmarcidus. Camponotus inaequalis var. marcidus Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 116 (s.w.q.m.) BAHAMAS. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Currently subspecies of ramulorum: Emery, 1925b: 82.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster lucayana TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
lucayana. Crematogaster lucayana Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 94, figs. G, H (w.q.) BAHAMAS. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 141; in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166. Subspecies of sanguinea: Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 490 (in text). Revived status as species: Emery, 1922e: 141. Current subspecies: nominal plus etiolata.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster lucayana etiolata TRUE TRUE FALSEetiolata. Crematogaster lucayana subsp. etiolata Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 95 (w.q.) BAHAMAS. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 141.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus ruginodis TRUE TRUE FALSEruginodis. Odontomachus haematodus var. ruginodis Smith, M.R. 1937: 828 (w.q.) BAHAMAS. [First available use of Odontomachus haematodes subsp. insularis var. ruginodis Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 82; unavailable name.] Deyrup, Trager & Carlin, 1985: 192 (m.). Raised to species: Wilson, 1964b: 4. Junior synonym of brunneus: Brown, 1976a: 103. Revived from synonymy: Deyrup, Trager & Carlin, 1985: 192.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole androsana TRUE TRUE FALSEandrosana. Pheidole androsana Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 90, fig. F (s.w.) BAHAMAS. See also: Wilson, 2003: 653.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis globularia lucayensis TRUE TRUE FALSElucayensis. Solenopsis globularia subsp. lucayensis Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 131, pl. 11, fig. 8 (w.) BAHAMAS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys lanuginosa TRUE TRUE FALSElanuginosa. Strumigenys lanuginosa Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 104, fig. M (w.q.) BAHAMAS. See also: Brown, 1961a: 62; Bolton, 2000: 521.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma litorale TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
litorale. Tapinoma litorale Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 109 (w.q.m.) BAHAMAS. Current subspecies: nominal plus cubaense.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax allardycei TRUE TRUE FALSEallardycei. Macromischa (Macromischa) allardycei Mann, 1920: 414, fig. 3 (w.q.) BAHAMAS. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 415; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of floridanus: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 415.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax androsanus TRUE TRUE FALSEandrosanus. Macromischa androsana Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 97, fig. K (w.) BAHAMAS. Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 418 (q.m.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 418; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax pastinifer TRUE TRUE FALSEpastinifer. Macromischa pastinifera Emery, 1894c: 164, pl. 1, fig. 18 (w.) BAHAMAS. Mann, 1929: 161 (q.m.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 470; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.Senior synonym of opacipes: Smith, M.R. 1954c: 6; of lucayensis: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 471; of pastoris: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 51.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax splendens TRUE TRUE FALSEsplendens. Macromischa splendens Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 98, pl. 7, fig. 9 (w.q.m.) BAHAMAS. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 505; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.Senior synonym of scabripes: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 52.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium lucayanum TRUE TRUE FALSElucayanum. Tetramorium lucayanum Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 100, fig. L (w.) BAHAMAS. Mann, 1920: 406 (q.). Senior synonym of rectinodis: Brown, 1964b: 131; Bolton, 1979: 172; of sexdens, waelbroeki: Brown, 1964b: 131. See also: Bolton, 1980: 340.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster brevidentata TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevidentata. Crematogaster brevispinosa var. brevidentata Forel, 1912f: 212 (w.) BARBADOS. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 131.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara intermedia TRUE TRUE FALSEintermedia. Carebara intermedia Fernández, 2004a: 232 (w.) BELIZE.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes kukulcan TRUE TRUE FALSEkukulcan. Cephalotes kukulcan Snelling, R.R. in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 402, figs. 181-185 (s.w.q.m.) BELIZE.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma versuta TRUE TRUE FALSEversuta. Hylomyrma versuta Kempf, 1973b: 253, fig. 6 (w.q.) BELIZE.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica asaphes TRUE TRUE FALSEasaphes. Pyramica asaphes Bolton, 2000: 171 (w.) BELIZE.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica prex TRUE TRUE FALSEprex. Pyramica prex Bolton, 2000: 174 (w.) BELIZE.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria cornuta TRUE TRUE FALSEcornuta. Rogeria cornuta Kugler, C. 1994: 65, fig. 45 (w.) BELIZE.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 67 species, 9 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Pogonomyrmex Mayr, 1868b: 169. Type-species: Formica badia, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae: Cresson, 1887: 260.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 118.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 61; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 44; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of POGONOMYRMEX
Ephebomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex naegelii, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Ephebomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Ephebomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Gallardo, 1932b: 94; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643; Kusnezov, 1949c: 293; Creighton, 1950a: 132; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 794; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 115; Kusnezov, 1964: 56; Kusnezov, 1956: 118; Smith, M.R. 1967: 351; Cole, 1968: 22; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357; Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108; Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42.
Ephebomyrmex as genus: Creighton, 1957a: 54; Kusnezov, 1960b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 106; Brown, 1973b: 180; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Mackay & Vinson, 1989b: 14; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13; Taber, 1998: 146.
Ephebomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 28; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649; Bolton, 2003: 223.
Forelomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote); junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Forelomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Kempf, 1972a: 209.
Forelomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 29; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649.
Homonym replaced by Forelomyrmex
Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote) [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex (Janetia) mayri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Genus Pogonomyrmex references
Mayr, 1870b: 970 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 608 (all species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 118 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1902a: 97 (North America species key); Emery, 1921f: 44 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 48 (P. (Ephebomyrmex) & P. (Forelomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Gallardo, 1932b: 95 (Argentina species key); Cole, 1942: 364 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Kusnezov, 1949c: 301 (Argentina P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 113 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1951a: 254 (Argentina species key); Kusnezov, 1954c: 85 (Bolivia species key); Creighton, 1957a: 54 (North America Ephebomyrmex); Gregg, 1963: 317 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Cole, 1968: 21, 38, 155 (North America Pogonomyrmex & P. (Ephebomyrmex) diagnoses, species revision, keys); Kempf, 1972a: 106, 206 (Neotropical Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 72 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1353 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 442 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 104 (supplement to Cole, 1968 key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108 (North America P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42 (Mexico species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 26 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada Ephebomyrmex species key); Shattuck, 1987: 175 (P. occidentalis complex, key); Taber, 1990: 307 (U.S.A. species complexes, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 342, 372 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 339 (catalogue); Taber, 1998: 146, 147 (Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex species key); Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1657 (northern South America species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 180 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lattke, 2006: 56 (northern South America species key); Johnson, R.A. & Overson, 2009: 313 (P. californicus group key); Cuezzo & Claver, 2009: 99 (Argentina species key).
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus concavinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEconcavinodis. Acanthostichus concavinodis Mackay, 1996: 147, fig. 21 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus quadratus TRUE TRUE FALSEquadratus. Acanthostichus quadratus Emery, 1895j: 750, fig. OO.A; pl. 16, figs. 5, 6; pl. 17, fig. 12 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. Senior synonym of niger: Mackay, 1996: 162.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex hispidus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
hispidus. Acromyrmex hispidus Santschi, 1925a: 376 (w.) BOLIVIA. Zolessi & Abenante, 1974: 154 (q.m.); Goni et al. 1983: 365 (k.). Current subspecies: nominal plus fallax, formosus.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex balzani multituber TRUE TRUE FALSEmultituber. Acromyrmex (Moellerius) balzani var. multituber Santschi, 1922b: 362 (w.) BOLIVIA. Synonym of pampanus and subspecies of balzani: Fowler, 1988: 284. [Fowler incorrectly gives pampanus as senior synonym, but multituber has priority.] Currently subspecies of balzani: Bolton, 1995b: 56.]
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lundii boliviensis TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviensis. Atta (Acromyrmex) boliviensis Emery, 1905c: 51, fig. 19 (w.m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Acromyrmex: Santschi, 1916e: 386. Currently subspecies of lundii: Santschi, 1916e: 386; Kempf, 1972a: 13.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus targionii TRUE TRUE FALSEtargionii. Anochetus targionii Emery, 1894c: 187 (w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Brown, 1978c: 616.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma bolivianum TRUE TRUE FALSEbolivianum. Apterostigma bolivianum Weber, 1938b: 181, fig. 15 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. See also: Lattke, 1997: 141.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma madidiense TRUE TRUE FALSEmadidiense. Apterostigma madidiense Weber, 1938b: 179 (w.q.m.) BOLIVIA. See also: Lattke, 1997: 160.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Apterostigma manni Weber, 1938b: 176, fig. 11 (w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Lattke, 1997: 161.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
brevicornis. Liometopum brevicorne Mayr, 1878: 870 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Azteca: Emery, 1893b: 145. Current subspecies: nominal plus boliviana.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca cordincola TRUE TRUE FALSEcordincola. Azteca longiceps r. cordincola Forel, 1921a: 203 (w.) BOLIVIA. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 232 (s.q.). Raised to species: Longino, 1996: 138.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca fasciata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
fasciata. Azteca fasciata Emery, 1893b: 143, pl. 2, figs. 83, 84 (q.) BOLIVIA. Emery, 1896c: 6 (w.). Current subspecies: nominal plus similis.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca petalocephala TRUE TRUE FALSEpetalocephala. Azteca petalocephala Longino, 1992: 1592, figs. 12, 27, 45 (w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca ulei gagatina TRUE TRUE FALSEgagatina. Azteca ulei var. gagatina Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, in Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 246 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca brevicornis boliviana TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviana. Azteca brevicornis var. boliviana Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, in Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 225 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex constrictus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
constrictus. Brachymyrmex constrictus Santschi, 1923b: 671, figs. 5, 38, 61 (w.) BOLIVIA. Current subspecies: nominal plus bonariensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus balzani TRUE TRUE FALSEbalzani. Camponotus balzani Emery, 1894c: 166 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Forel, 1918a: 726 (q.); Mariano et al., 2001: 272 (k.). Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bocki TRUE TRUE FALSEbocki. Camponotus bocki Forel, 1907e: 12 (s.w.q.m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Camponotus): Forel, 1914a: 266; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bruchi TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
bruchi. Camponotus bruchi Forel, 1912i: 69 (s.w.q.m.) ARGENTINA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Senior synonym of boliviana: Kusnezov, 1953e: 225. Current subspecies: nominal plus lysistrata, titicacensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus callistus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
callistus. Camponotus callistus Emery, 1911a: 223 (s.w.m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424. Current subspecies: nominal plus bradleyi.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus crassicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEcrassicornis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) crassicornis Emery, 1920c: 41 (s.w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus deletangi TRUE TRUE FALSEdeletangi. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) deletangi Santschi, 1920e: 124, fig. 2 (w.) BOLIVIA. [Also described as new by Santschi, 1922c: 105.] Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus hippocrepis TRUE TRUE FALSEhippocrepis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) hippocrepis Emery, 1920c: 48, fig. 8 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus kraepelini TRUE TRUE FALSEkraepelini. Camponotus kraepelini Forel, 1901h: 73 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1914a: 274.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melanoticus TRUE TRUE FALSE6 subspecies
melanoticus. Camponotus sexguttatus var. melanoticus Emery, 1894c: 167 (w.) BOLIVIA. Forel, 1911c: 310 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of extensus: Emery, 1894f: 3; Emery, 1896d: 371. Raised to species: Forel, 1899c: 136; Emery, 1920b: 255; Santschi, 1922c: 99. Current subspecies: nominal plus catharinae, flavopubens, kempfi, paranaensis, publicola, valerius.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus subcircularis TRUE TRUE FALSEsubcircularis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) subcircularis Emery, 1920c: 45, fig. 6 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus wytsmani TRUE TRUE FALSEwytsmani. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) wytsmani Emery, 1920c: 42, fig. 7 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sericeiventris holmgreni TRUE TRUE FALSEholmgreni. Camponotus (Myrmepomis) sericeiventris var. holmgreni Wheeler, W.M. 1931c: 93 (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus blandus denudatus TRUE TRUE FALSEdenudatus. Camponotus blandus subsp. denudatus Emery, 1903: 67 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmocamelus): Forel, 1913l: 249; Bruch, 1914: 228; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus brevibarbis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevibarbis. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) punctulatus var. brevibarbis Santschi, 1939e: 325 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 70.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus biguttatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbiguttatus. Camponotus biguttatus Emery, 1894c: 174 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Emery, 1925b: 152. Senior synonym of grenadensis: Emery, 1898a: 226; Emery, 1925b: 152. Currently subspecies of sexguttatus: Wheeler, W.M. 1923c: 8.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fastigatus barbiculus TRUE TRUE FALSEbarbiculus. Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) fastigatus st. barbiculus Santschi, 1922c: 113 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus canescens antennatus TRUE TRUE FALSEantennatus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) canescens var. antennata Santschi, 1920e: 126, fig. 3 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes jason TRUE TRUE FALSEjason. Camponotus maculatus r. jason Forel, 1912i: 70 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Currently subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sanctaefidei leonhardi TRUE TRUE FALSEleonhardi. Camponotus quadrilaterus r. leonhardi Forel, 1901h: 73 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167. Currently subspecies of sanctaefidei: Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 232.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus lizeri TRUE TRUE FALSElizeri. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) punctulatus st. lizeri Santschi, 1922c: 104 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus alboannulatus montanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmontanus. Camponotus alboannulatus subsp. montanus Emery, 1894c: 168 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 157.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mus mustelus TRUE TRUE FALSEmustelus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) mus subsp. mustela Emery, 1920c: 39 (w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus ornatus TRUE TRUE FALSEornatus. Camponotus ruficeps var. ornatus Emery, 1894c: 173 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Crawley, 1916b: 376. Currently subspecies of sexguttatus: Emery, 1894f: 2; Emery, 1896d: 375; Crawley, 1916b: 376; Wheeler, W.M. 1923c: 8.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes persimplex TRUE TRUE FALSEpersimplex. Cephalotes persimplex De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 449, figs. 205-208 (s.w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster boliviana TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviana. Tranopeltoides bolivianus Wheeler, W.M. 1922e: 13, fig. 3 (m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Crematogaster: Kempf, 1960c: 174; in C. (Orthocrema): Kempf, 1972a: 84.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster indefensa TRUE TRUE FALSEindefensa. Crematogaster indefensa Kempf, 1968b: 388, fig. 7 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. Combination in C. (Neocrema): Kempf, 1972a: 83.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster russata TRUE TRUE FALSErussata. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) brevispinosa subsp. russata Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 24 (w.) BOLIVIA. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 131.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster longispina nura TRUE TRUE FALSEnura. Crematogaster longispina nura Özdikmen, 2010c: 989. Replacement name for boliviana Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 25 [Junior secondary homonym of bolivianus Wheeler, W.M. 1922e: 13.]
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex boliviae TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviae. Cylindromyrmex (Metacylindromyrmex) boliviae Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 104, fig. 20 (q.) BOLIVIA. De Andrade, 1998a: 613 (m.). See also: Brown, 1975: 38.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex hamulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEhamulatus. Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. hamulatus Weber, 1938b: 190 (w.) BOLIVIA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1983: 608 (l.). Raised to species: Kempf, 1966: 197. Senior synonym of trinitatis: Snelling & Longino, 1992: 490.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex laevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigatus. Cyphomyrmex (Cyphomannia) laevigatus Weber, 1938b: 184, figs. 20, 21 (w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Kempf, 1966: 178; Snelling & Longino, 1992: 493.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus lugens TRUE TRUE FALSElugens. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) lugens Emery, 1894c: 239, pl. 1, fig. 17 (w.) BOLIVIA. Mackay, 1993b: 72 (q.m.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 120; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus smithi TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithi. Dolichoderus smithi Mackay, 1993b: 96, fig. 37 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex emmaericaellus TRUE TRUE FALSEemmaericaellus. Dorymyrmex emmaericaellus Kusnezov, 1951c: 59 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in D. (Ammomyrma): Kempf, 1972a: 100; in Araucomyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 327.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys acuta TRUE TRUE FALSEacuta. Holcoponera acuta Brown, 1956b: 491, fig. 1 (w.q.m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys aspera TRUE TRUE FALSEaspera. Gnamptogenys aspera Morgan, Mackay & Pachero, 2003: 554, figs. 1-6 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys boliviensis TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviensis. Gnamptogenys boliviensis Lattke, 1995: 160, figs. 43, 44 (w.m.) BOLIVIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys flava TRUE TRUE FALSEflava. Gnamptogenys flava Pacheco, Mackay & Morgan, 2004: 435, figs. 1-6 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys ilimani TRUE TRUE FALSEilimani. Gnamptogenys ilimani Lattke, 1995: 171 (w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys mecotyle TRUE TRUE FALSEmecotyle. Gnamptogenys mecotyle Brown, 1958g: 318, fig. 42 (w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Lattke, 1995: 175.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys mina TRUE TRUE FALSEmina. Holcoponera mina Brown, 1956b: 494, fig. 2 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys minuta TRUE TRUE FALSEminuta. Alfaria minuta Emery, 1896g: 106 (q.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. Senior synonym of carinata, emeryi, mus, panamensis, scabrosus: Brown, in Borgmeier, 1957: 115; of pneodonax: Lattke, 1992a: 127.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides biconstricta TRUE TRUE FALSEbiconstricta. Leptanilloides biconstricta Mann, 1923: 14, fig. 1 (w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 653; Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 23.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys arcuata deletangi TRUE TRUE FALSEdeletangi. Leptogenys arcuata st. deletangi Santschi, 1921g: 87 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema angulatum TRUE TRUE FALSEangulatum. Iridomyrmex humilis subsp. angulatus Emery, 1894c: 165, pl. 1, fig. 3 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. Wild, 2007a: 31 (m.). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Raised to species and senior synonym of pordescens: Wild, 2007a: 29.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex balzani TRUE TRUE FALSEbalzani. Megalomyrmex balzani Emery, 1894c: 153 (w.) BOLIVIA. Viehmeyer, 1922: 209 (m.). Senior synonym of duckei: Brandão, 1990: 431. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 29.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus smithii TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithii. Atta (Mycocepurus) smithii Forel, 1893g: 370 (w.) ANTILLES. Kempf, 1963b: 425 (q.). Combination in Mycocepurus: Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 42. Senior synonym of attaxenus, bolivianus, borinquenensis, eucarnitae, manni, reconditus, tolteca, trinidadensis: Kempf, 1963b: 425.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista schumanni cordincola TRUE TRUE FALSEcordincola. Myrmelachista (Decamera) schumanni var. cordincola Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 202 (w.) BOLIVIA. [Also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 255.]
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta boliviana TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviana. Myrmicocrypta boliviana Weber, 1938b: 161 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta occipitalis TRUE TRUE FALSEoccipitalis. Myrmicocrypta occipitalis Weber, 1938b: 159 (w.m.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta rudiscapa TRUE TRUE FALSErudiscapa. Myrmicocrypta rudiscapus Emery, 1913b: 253, figs. 2, 3, 4 (q.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta tuberculata TRUE TRUE FALSEtuberculata. Myrmicocrypta tuberculata Weber, 1938b: 157, fig. 9 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta foreli surianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsurianensis. Myrmicocrypta foreli subsp. surianensis Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 45 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex balzani TRUE TRUE FALSEbalzani. Eciton (Acamatus) balzani Emery, 1894c: 182 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 543.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex dorbignii TRUE TRUE FALSEdorbignii. Labidus dorbignii Shuckard, 1840b: 259 (m.) no locality given (loc. BOLIVIA, see Emery, 1900a: 187). Combination in Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 2 (with spelling emended to dorbignyi; unjustified emendation); in Eciton: Forel, 1895b: 119; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 14. Senior synonym of spegazzinii (and its junior synonym obscurum): Santschi, 1921g: 92; Borgmeier, 1955: 461.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex emeryi TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryi. Eciton (Acamatus) emeryi Santschi, 1921g: 92 (footnote) (m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. Senior synonym of exagona: Borgmeier, 1955: 317.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex falcifer TRUE TRUE FALSEfalcifer. Eciton falciferum Emery, 1900a: 182, fig. 17 (m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 357. Senior synonym of mesognathum: Borgmeier, 1955: 357 (misspelled as falciferus).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex genalis TRUE TRUE FALSEgenalis. Neivamyrmex genalis Borgmeier, 1953: 34, fig. 9 (m.) BOLIVIA. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 613.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex leptognathus TRUE TRUE FALSEleptognathus. Eciton leptognathum Emery, 1900a: 182, fig. 15 (m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 354.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex physognathus TRUE TRUE FALSEphysognathus. Eciton leptognathus var. physognatha Emery, 1900a: 182, fig. 16 (m.) BOLIVIA. Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1955: 356.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Ochetomyrmex semipolitus TRUE TRUE FALSEsemipolitus. Ochetomyrmex semipolitus Mayr, 1878: 872 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of argentinus, bolivianus, mayri, subpolita: Fernández, 2003c: 638.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma balzani TRUE TRUE FALSEbalzani. Rhopalothrix balzani Emery, 1894c: 217, pl. 1, fig. 10 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Octostruma: Brown, 1949f: 92. Senior synonym of barberi, equilatera, lutzi: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 194; of amrishi: Bolton, Sosa-Calvo, et al. 2008: 62..
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Monomorium (Martia) mandibulare Emery, 1913b: 261, fig. 12 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Martia: Kusnezov, 1952h: 722; in Oxyepoecus: Ettershank, 1966: 146. See also: Kempf, 1974b: 491; Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 294.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla breviscapa TRUE TRUE FALSEbreviscapa. Pachycondyla breviscapa Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 220, figs. 347, 349 (q.) BOLIVIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla fauveli TRUE TRUE FALSEfauveli. Pachycondyla fauveli Emery, 1896k: 175 (footnote) (w.) BOLIVIA. Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 6 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1206 (l.). Combination in Euponera (Mesoponera): Forel, 1901f: 341; in Mesoponera: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1206; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 314.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla globularia TRUE TRUE FALSEglobularia. Pachycondyla globularia Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 358, figs. 69, 83, 84, 229, 483-487 (w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla mirabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEmirabilis. Pachycondyla mirabilis Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 466, figs. 5, 161, 586-588 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole aequiseta TRUE TRUE FALSEaequiseta. Pheidole aequiseta Santschi, 1923d: 57 (w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 262.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole asperithorax TRUE TRUE FALSEasperithorax. Pheidole minutula var. asperithorax Emery, 1894c: 160 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Subspecies of flavens: Emery, 1896g: 77. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 374.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole balzani TRUE TRUE FALSEbalzani. Pheidole balzani Emery, 1894c: 161 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 661.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bison TRUE TRUE FALSEbison. Pheidole bison Wilson, 2003: 665, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole boliviana TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviana. Pheidole boliviana Wilson, 2003: 380, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Senior synonym of mincana, scitula: Longino, 2009: 17.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cornicula TRUE TRUE FALSEcornicula. Pheidole cornicula Wilson, 2003: 675, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole delicata TRUE TRUE FALSEdelicata. Pheidole delicata Wilson, 2003: 406, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole haskinsorum TRUE TRUE FALSEhaskinsorum. Pheidole haskinsorum Wilson, 2003: 297, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole infernalis TRUE TRUE FALSEinfernalis. Pheidole infernalis Wilson, 2003: 439, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mittermeieri TRUE TRUE FALSEmittermeieri. Pheidole mittermeieri Wilson, 2003: 459, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mosenopsis TRUE TRUE FALSEmosenopsis. Pheidole mosenopsis Wilson, 2003: 724, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nigella TRUE TRUE FALSEnigella. Pheidole fabricator var. nigella Emery, 1894c: 155 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Raised to species and senior synonym of dimidiata: Wilson, 2003: 728.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole polita TRUE TRUE FALSEpolita. Pheidole fabricator var. polita Emery, 1894c: 155 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. Raised to species and senior synonym of wheeleri: Wilson, 2003: 734.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole quiaccana TRUE TRUE FALSEquiaccana. Pheidole quiaccana Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 13 (s.w.m.) BOLIVIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 220.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vafella TRUE TRUE FALSEvafella. Pheidole vafella Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 15 (s.w.) BOLIVIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 243.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole veletis TRUE TRUE FALSEveletis. Pheidole veletis Wilson, 2003: 246, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole zelata TRUE TRUE FALSEzelata. Pheidole zelata Wilson, 2003: 250, figs. (s.w.) BOLIVIA.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea sinuata TRUE TRUE FALSEsinuata. Ponera sinuata Roger, 1860: 297 (w.m.) SURINAM. Combination in Platythyrea: Roger, 1863a: 173. Senior synonym of boliviana, meinerti: Brown, 1975: 9.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex marcusi TRUE TRUE FALSEmarcusi. Pogonomyrmex marcusi Kusnezov, 1951a: 260 (w.) BOLIVIA (diagnosis in key). Kusnezov, 1954c: 82 (w.q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1960b: 3 (l.).
Proceratiinae Probolomyrmecini Probolomyrmex boliviensis TRUE TRUE FALSEboliviensis. Probolomyrmex boliviensis Mann, 1923: 16, fig. 2 (q.) BOLIVIA. Senior synonym of angusticeps: Brown, 1975: 11. See also: Taylor, 1965d: 361.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus balzani TRUE TRUE FALSEbalzani. Procryptocerus balzani Emery, 1894c: 199 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. See also: Kempf, 1951: 84.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex lizeri TRUE TRUE FALSElizeri. Pseudomyrma flavidula st. lizeri Santschi, 1922b: 346 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1953e: 214. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 55.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica mirabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEmirabilis. Strumigenys (Tingimyrmex) mirabilis Mann, 1926: 105, fig. 1 (w.) BOLIVIA. Combination in Tingimyrmex: Brown, 1948e: 111; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 206.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex beniensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbeniensis. Sericomyrmex beniensis Weber, 1938b: 182 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis novemmaculata TRUE TRUE FALSEnovemmaculata. Solenopsis novemmaculata Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 35 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis stricta TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
stricta. Solenopsis stricta Emery, 1896g: 90, pl. 1, fig. 15 (w.) BOLIVIA. Current subspecies: nominal plus foederata.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys planeti TRUE TRUE FALSEplaneti. Strumigenys planeti Brown, 1953d: 57 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 536.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys sublonga TRUE TRUE FALSEsublonga. Strumigenys sublonga Brown, 1958c: 221, fig. 1 (w.q.) BOLIVIA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 540.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Thaumatomyrmex manni Weber, 1939a: 99 (w.) BOLIVIA. Junior synonym of atrox: Longino, 1988: 38. Revived from synonymy: Fernández, 2008: 212 (in key); Jahyny, Lacau, et al. 2008: 336 (in key). See also: Kempf, 1975b: 123.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex echinus TRUE TRUE FALSEechinus. Trachymyrmex echinus Weber, 1938b: 191, fig. 3 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex holmgreni TRUE TRUE FALSEholmgreni. Trachymyrmex holmgreni Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 37 (w.) BOLIVIA. Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2005: 282 (q.m.).
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex levis TRUE TRUE FALSElevis. Trachymyrmex levis Weber, 1938b: 192 (w.) BOLIVIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Trachymyrmex mandibularis Weber, 1938b: 194 (w.q.) BOLIVIA.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex clavicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEclavicornis. Typhlomyrmex clavicornis Emery, 1906c: 112 (q.) BOLIVIA. Brown, 1965c: 71 (w.). Senior synonym of divergens, richardsi: Brown, 1965c: 71.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex pusillus TRUE TRUE FALSEpusillus. Typhlomyrmex pusillus Emery, 1894c: 141, pl. 1, fig. 2 (w.) BOLIVIA. Emery, 1906c: 111 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 447 (l.). Senior synonym of schmidti: Brown, 1965c: 73. See also: Gallardo, 1918b: 16; Lacau, et al. 2008: 252.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Blepharidatta TRUE TRUE FALSE2 species
Blepharidatta Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 484. Type-species: Blepharidatta brasiliensis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Blepharidatta in Myrmicinae, Attini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 486; Gallardo, 1916d: 318; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668.
Blepharidatta in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Emery, 1924d: 315; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Blepharidatta in Myrmicinae, Ochetomyrmecini: Brown, 1953h: 4; Kusnezov, 1964: 59; Kempf, 1972a: 37.
Blepharidatta in Myrmicinae, Blepharidattini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1991a: 133; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Blepharidatta incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Kempf, 1975c: 358; Jaffe, 1993: 12.
Blepharidatta as junior synonym of Ochetomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Blepharidatta as genus: Kempf, 1975c: 369; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1991a: 132; Bolton, 1994: 100.
Genus Blepharidatta references
Emery, 1924d: 315 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 37 (catalogue); Kempf, 1975c: 369 (review); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1991a: 132 (review); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 80 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Blepharidatta brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Blepharidatta brasiliensis Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 484, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1975c: 369 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1991a: 134 (l.).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
brasiliensis. Camponotus brasiliensis Mayr, 1862: 671 (w.) BRAZIL. Kutter, 1932: 210 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 163. Subspecies of crassus: Forel, 1885a: 346; Forel, 1912i: 78. Revived status as species: Santschi, 1919f: 56; Santschi, 1925d: 246. Current subspecies: nominal plus chacoensis, clivius, costaricanus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis chacoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchacoensis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) brasiliensis var. chacoensis Santschi, 1919f: 56 (s.w.) ARGENTINA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis clivius TRUE TRUE FALSEclivius. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) crassus var. clivia Emery, 1925b: 163 (w.) BRAZIL. [First available use of Camponotus crassus r. brasiliensis var. clivia Forel, 1912i: 78; unavailable name.] Currently subspecies of brasiliensis: Kempf, 1972a: 50.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis costaricanus TRUE TRUE FALSEcostaricanus. Camponotus brasiliensis costaricanus Özdikmen, 2010a: 521. Replacement name for antennatus Santschi, 1925d: 246. [Junior primary homonym of antennatus Santschi, 1920e: 126.]
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara brasiliana TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliana. Carebara brasiliana Fernández, 2004a: 227, fig. 11 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
brasiliensis. Crematogaster brasiliensis Mayr, 1878: 875 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912f: 217 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Senior synonym of armandi, cocciphila, inca, ludio: Longino, 2003a: 37. Current subspecies: nominal plus arawak.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster brasiliensis arawak TRUE TRUE FALSEarawak. Crematogaster brasiliensis subsp. arawak Weber, 1938a: 208 (w.) GUYANA.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Cylindromyrmex brasiliensis Emery, 1901a: 53 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1937b: 218 (q.). See also: De Andrade, 1998a: 589.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Iridomyrmex (Forelius) maccooki var. brasiliensis Forel, 1908c: 396 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1966: 730 (l.). Cuezzo, 2000: 231 (q.m.). Combination in Forelius: Emery, 1913a: 36. Subspecies of mccooki: Forel, 1912h: 43. Raised to species: Santschi, 1922b: 373; Kusnezov, 1957b: 17. Senior synonym of fiebrigi, pilipes and material of the unavailable name carmelitana referred here: Cuezzo, 2000: 229.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys striatula TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatula. Gnamptogenys striatula Mayr, 1884: 32 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Mayr, 1887: 542 (q.m.); Gallardo, 1918b: 26 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 123 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma (Holcoponera): Mayr, 1887: 541; in Holcoponera: Emery, 1911d: 40; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of obscurum: Santschi, 1929h: 442; of antillana: Brown, 1956b: 490; of angustiloba (and its junior synonym vollenweideri), angustipleura, brasiliensis, calcarata, paulina, pernambucana, and material of the unavailable name hybrida referred here: Brown, 1958g: 229; of arcuata, curtulum (and its junior synonym stolli), recta, rustica, simplicoides, wasmanni (and its junior synonym isthmica), wheeleri (and its junior synonym mayri): Lattke, 1995: 186.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Megalomyrmex silvestrii Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 235 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in M. (Wheelerimyrmex): Mann, 1922: 29. Senior synonym of brasiliensis, langi, misionensis, sjostedti, wheeleri: Kempf & Brown, 1968: 97. See also: Brandão, 1990: 443.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium brasiliense TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliense. Monomorium minutum subsp. brasiliense Forel, 1908c: 361 (w.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of monomorium: Brandão, 1991: 357. Raised to species: Bolton, 1995b: 260.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Leptothorax brasiliensis Kempf, 1958c: 92, figs. 10, 18, 21 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 411; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Prenolepis brasiliensis Mayr, 1862: 697 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium brasiliense TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliense. Proceratium brasiliense Borgmeier, 1959a: 309, figs. 1, 2 (w.) BRAZIL. Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 143 (q.).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria procera TRUE TRUE FALSEprocera. Rogeria procera Emery, 1896g: 92, pl. 1, fig. 19 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973b: 74 (l.). Combination in R. (Irogera): Emery, 1915i: 191; in Irogera: Brown, 1953h: 4 (in text); in Rogeria: Kempf, 1965: 185. Senior synonym of brasiliensis: Kempf, 1961d: 437. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 40.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis brasiliana TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliana. Solenopsis brasiliana Santschi, 1925d: 235 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ecitoninae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 5 genera, 149 species, 21 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Ecitonii Forel, 1893a: 163. Type-genus: Eciton.
Taxonomic history
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Dorylidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 23.
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Formicidae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; all subsequent authors.
Ecitoninae as dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 34, 142; Brady & Ward, 2005: 593.
Ecitoninae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Ecitoninae as formicoid dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ecitoninae: Cheliomyrmecini, Ecitonini.
Subfamily and tribe Ecitonini references
Emery, 1895j: 765 (diagnosis); Ashmead, 1906: 23, 24 (tribes & genera keys); Emery, 1910b: 15 (diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138, 558 (diagnosis, North America genera); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina genera, key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 634 (genera key); Borgmeier, 1923: 37 (Brazil catalogue); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 290 (U.S.A. males); Creighton, 1950a: 61 (North America); Borgmeier, 1955: 51, 57 (revision of subfamily, tribes key); Borgmeier, 1955: 79 (revision of tribe, genera key); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Watkins, 1976: 6 (genera keys); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 46 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392 (synoptic classification); Gotwald & Burdette, 1981: 78 (phylogeny); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico genera, key); Gotwald, 1982: 167 (genera key); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 74 (genera key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Bolton, 1990c: 1357 (diagnosis, morphology, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 392 (Neotropical fauna, synoptic classification); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Jaffe, 1993: 13 (Neotropical genera, synoptic classification); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 149 (genera key); Bolton, 1994: 38 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera key); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Hölldobler, Obermayer & Peeters, 1996: 158 (metatibial gland); Palacio, 1999: 143 (Colombia genera, key); Perfil’eva, 2002: 1239 (venation); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 240 (Neotropical genera key); Brady, 2003: 6575 (phylogeny); Bolton, 2003: 34, 142 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady & Ward, 2005: 593 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 122 species, 21 subspecies
Fossil: 53 species
Dolichoderus Lund, 1831a: 130. Type-species: Formica attelaboides, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderus in Formicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 75.
Dolichoderus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 9 [Formicidae].
Dolichoderus in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dolichoderus in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 386 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1895e: 462; Forel, 1899c: 98; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142.
Dolichoderus in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Emery, 1913a: 7; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 77; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 688; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of DOLICHODERUS
Hypoclinea Mayr, 1855: 377 (attributed to Foerster). Type-species: Formica quadripunctata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 165.
Taxonomic history
Hypoclinea in Formicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 57.
Hypoclinea in Formicinae: Mayr, 1855: 377 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 40 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 9 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 53 [Formicidae]; André, 1874: 168 [Formicidae].
Hypoclinea in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Hypoclinea in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Emery, 1913a: 18; Forel, 1917: 247; all subsequent authors.
Hypoclinea as genus: Mayr, 1855: 377; Mayr, 1865: 9; Mayr, 1868c: 53; Mayr, 1870b: 953; Smith, 1871a: 310; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Kempf, 1972a: 118; Lattke, 1987b: 259; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Mackay & Vinson, 1989b: 17; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 120.
Hypoclinea as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Emery, 1894c: 234; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 77; Forel, 1917: 247; Borgmeier, 1923: 84; Clark, 1930b: 252; McAreavey, 1949: 17; Creighton, 1950a: 331; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 182; Kusnezov, 1956: 28; Kusnezov, 1959: 50; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1415; Kupyanskaya, 1990: 154.
Hypoclinea as junior synonym of Dolichoderus: Forel, 1878: 386; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Bingham, 1903: 291; Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 66; Mackay, 1993b: 6; Shattuck, 1994: 39; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 1995b: 31; Bolton, 2003: 85.
Monacis Roger, 1862a: 233. Type-species: Formica bispinosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.
Taxonomic history
Monacis in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Monacis in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Emery, 1913a: 9; Forel, 1917: 247; all subsequent authors.
Monacis as genus: Roger, 1862a: 233; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Brown, 1950e: 249; Kempf, 1959b: 227; Kempf, 1972a: 141; Kempf, 1972c: 253; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Mackay & Vinson, 1989b: 20; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17.
Monacis as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Emery, 1894c: 228; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 9; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 688; Borgmeier, 1923: 81; Kusnezov, 1956: 27; Kusnezov, 1959: 50.
Monacis as junior synonym of Hypoclinea: Mayr, 1862: 704.
Monacis as junior synonym of Dolichoderus: Forel, 1878: 386; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 66; Mackay, 1993b: 6; Shattuck, 1994: 39; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 1995b: 35; Bolton, 2003: 85.
Monoceratoclinea Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 68 [as subgenus of Dolichoderus]. Type-species: Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) monoceros, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Monoceratoclinea as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 68.
Monoceratoclinea as genus: Brown, 1950e: 249; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17.
Monoceratoclinea as junior synonym of Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 66; Shattuck, 1994: 40; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 1995b: 35; Bolton, 2003: 85.
Diceratoclinea Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 69 [as subgenus of Dolichoderus]. Type-species: Dolichoderus scabridus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Diceratoclinea as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 69; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 181.
Diceratoclinea as genus: Brown, 1950e: 249.
Diceratoclinea as junior synonym of Dolichoderus: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 66; Shattuck, 1994: 40; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 1995b: 26; Bolton, 2003: 85.
Acanthoclinea Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 69 [as subgenus of Dolichoderus]. Type-species: Dolichoderus doriae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Acanthoclinea in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618.
Acanthoclinea as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 69.
Acanthoclinea as genus: Brown, 1950e: 249.
Acanthoclinea as junior synonym of Dolichoderus: Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 66; Shattuck, 1994: 40; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 1995b: 18; Bolton, 2003: 85.
Karawajewella Donisthorpe, 1944b: 59.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Diabolus Karavaiev, 1926d: 424; junior homonym of Diabolus Gray, J.E. 1841: 400 (Mammalia).]
Karawajewella as junior synonym of Dolichoderus: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 66; Shattuck, 1994: 39, 40; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 1995b: 32; Bolton, 2003: 85.
Homonym replaced by Karawajewella
Diabolus Karavaiev, 1926d: 424 [as subgenus of Dolichoderus]. Type-species: Dolichoderus (Diabolus) bifurcatus (junior synonym of Dolichoderus cuspidatus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Diabolus Karavaiev junior homonym of Diabolus Gray, J.E. 1841: 400 (Mammalia).]
Diabolus as subgenus of Dolichoderus: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 68.
Genus Dolichoderus references
Roger, 1863b: 10, 14, 15 (Dolichoderus, Hypoclinea, Monacis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 407, 423 (Dolichoderus, Hypoclinea catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 9 (Dolichoderus, Hypoclinea diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 75 (Hypoclinea diagnosis); Mayr, 1868c: 54 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870b: 955 (Hypoclinea species key); Mayr, 1876: 79 (Australia species key); André, 1882b: 225 (Europe & Algeria species); Mayr, 1886d: 435 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Forel, 1895e: 462 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 292 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1905d: 306 (North America species key); Emery, 1913a: 7 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 9, 10 (D. (Monacis), D. (Hypoclinea), catalogues); Mann, 1916: 460 (Brazil D. (Dolichoderus) species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 688 (subgenera key); Clark, 1930b: 253 (Australia D. (Hypoclinea) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 333 (North America D. (Hypoclinea) species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 181 (Asia checklist); Kempf, 1959b: 230 (Monacis, all species revision, key); Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 249 (diagnosis); Kempf, 1969: 292 (Neotropical D. (Dolichoderus) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 98, 118, 141 (Neotropical Dolichoderus, Hypoclinea, Monacis, catalogues); Kempf, 1972c: 253 (Monacis species, additions to 1959a key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1415 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 93 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 24 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Harada, 1987: 602 (Monacis species key); Lattke, 1987b: 263 (Neotropical D. bispinosus group, key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Johnson, 1989a: 5 (U.S.A. species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17 (synoptic classification); Brandão, 1991: 340, 347, 356 (Neotropical catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 66 (diagnosis, review of genus); Mackay, 1993b: 17 (New World, all species revision, key); Radchenko, 1994b: 112 (South Siberia species key); Shattuck, 1994: 39 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 172 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 120 (China species key); Xu, 1995a: 34 (China species key); Shattuck, 1999: 68 (Australia synopsis); Xu, 2001b: 356 (China species key); Zhou, 2001b: 153 (China, Guangxi species key); Dill, 2002: 21, 30 (southeast Asia species groups key, D. cuspidatus group revision, key); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Dlussky, 2002b: 54 (Baltic & Rovno amber species); Dlussky, 2008b: 509 (Europe Eocene amber species key); Heterick, 2009: 45 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE30 species, 30 subspecies
Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865: 83 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Formica hystrix, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Acromyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Acromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 347; all subsequent authors.
Acromyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Mayr, 1865: 83; Forel, 1885a: 354; Dalla Torre, 1893: 151; Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 30; Emery, 1905c: 39; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669.
Acromyrmex as genus: Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Emery, 1924d: 347; Santschi, 1925a: 355; all subsequent authors.
Subgenera of ACROMYRMEX include the nominal plus the following.
Subgenus ACROMYRMEX (MOELLERIUS)
Moellerius Forel, 1893e: 589 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta (Acromyrmex) landolti, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.
Taxonomic history
Moellerius as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1893e: 589; Forel, 1899c: 30; Emery, 1905c: 39; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 669; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669.
Moellerius as junior synonym of Acromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional].
Moellerius as subgenus of Acromyrmex: Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Emery, 1924d: 350; all subsequent authors except the above.
Genus Acromyrmex references
Forel, 1885a: 361 (all species key); Emery, 1905c: 40 (all species key); Gallardo, 1916d: 325 (Argentina species key); Emery, 1924d: 347 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 350 (A. (Moellerius) diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1925a: 388 (all species revision, key); Creighton, 1950a: 326 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1956: 33 (Argentina species key); Gonçalves, 1961: 118 (Brazil species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 10 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 42 (Cuba checklist); Zolessi & Abenante, 1977: 73 (Uruguay species, male genitalia); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1412 (North America catalogue); Fowler, 1988: 284 (A. (Moellerius) species key); Cherrett & Cherrett, 1989: 1 (bibliography); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1047 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 54 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Attini Atta TRUE TRUE FALSE15 species
Atta Fabricius, 1804: 421. Type-species: Formica cephalotes, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 159.
Taxonomic history
Atta in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 172.
Atta in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 161.
Atta in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 459 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 77 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 65 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 333 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 259 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 150.
Atta in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Atta in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae, Attidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 30; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 352; all subsequent authors.
[Myrmegis (nomen nudum) referable to Atta: Brown, 1973b: 182 (see under Myrmegis).]
Junior synonyms of ATTA
Oecodoma Latreille, 1818: 222. Type-species: Formica cephalotes, by subsequent designation of Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 174.
Taxonomic history
Oecodoma in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 176.
Oecodoma in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 180.
Oecodoma as junior synonym of Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35. [Atta and Oecodoma share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Archeatta Gonçalves, 1942: 342 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Oecodoma mexicana, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Archeatta as subgenus of Atta: Gonçalves, 1942: 342; Borgmeier, 1959b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 27.
Archeatta as junior synonym of Atta: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 832; Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Neoatta Gonçalves, 1942: 346 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Formica sexdens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoatta as subgenus of Atta: Gonçalves, 1942: 346; Borgmeier, 1959b: 358; Kempf, 1972a: 27.
Neoatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Palaeatta Borgmeier, 1950d: 244 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta bisphaerica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Palaeatta as subgenus of Atta: Borgmeier, 1950d: 244; Borgmeier, 1959b: 377; Kempf, 1972a: 28.
Palaeatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Epiatta Borgmeier, 1950d: 246 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Oecodoma laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Epiatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8.
Epiatta as junior synonym of Neoatta: Borgmeier, 1959b: 358.
Genus Atta references
Mayr, 1855: 459 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 161, 180 (Atta, Oecodoma diagnoses); Mayr, 1861: 66 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 35 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 437 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 18 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 150 (catalogue); Gallardo, 1916d: 340 (Argentina species key); Emery, 1924d: 352 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gonçalves, 1942: 334 (all species key); Gonçalves, 1947a: 186 (south & central Brazil species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 82 (Asia checklist, anachronisms); Borgmeier, 1959b: 335 (subgenera key); Borgmeier, 1959b: 337 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 26 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1413 (North America catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 1988: 25 (Colombia species key); Cherrett & Cherrett, 1989: 1 (bibliography); Brandão, 1991: 328 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 75 (catalogue).
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 252 species, 62 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pachycondyla Smith, F. 1858b: 105. Type-species: Formica crassinoda, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Pachycondyla in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 105; Smith, 1871a: 324.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Pachycondyla in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 114; Forel, 1899c: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 73 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PACHYCONDYLA
Bothroponera Mayr, 1862: 713 (diagnosis in key), 717. Type-species: Ponera pumicosa, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Bothroponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35.
Bothroponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Bothroponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 75 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Ponera: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 325.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 75; Arnold, 1915: 55; Forel, 1917: 237; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Bothroponera as genus: Mayr, 1862: 717; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35; Bingham, 1903: 95; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1918c: 299 (footnote); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 67; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49; Bernard, 1953b: 187; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Bothroponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Megaponera Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 734. Type-species: Formica foetens (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Formica analis), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Megaponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Megaponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Megaponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 67 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 46; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors to the following.
Megaponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Megaloponera Roger, 1863b: 17, incorrect subsequent spelling; misspelling repeated by several authors, for example Emery, 1877b: 368; Forel, 1917: 237.]
Paltothyreus Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 735. Type-species: Formica tarsata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Paltothyreus in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 62 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 43; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Paltothyreus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Ectomomyrmex Mayr, 1867a: 83. Type-species: Ectomomyrmex javanus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 85.
Taxonomic history
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30.
Ectomomyrmex in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 321; Emery, 1911d: 78 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Ectomomyrmex as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 78; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237.
Ectomomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1867a: 83; Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Forel, 1900d: 321; Bingham, 1903: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 60; Brown, 1963: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 29; Taylor, 1987a: 26; Ogata, 1987: 112.
Ectomomyrmex as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Ectomyrmex Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Ophthalmopone Forel, 1890b: cxii. Type-species: Ophthalmopone berthoudi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 31.
Ophthalmopone in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 49; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Ophthalmopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Euponera Forel, 1891b: 126 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Euponera) sikorae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Euponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 79 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 37; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Euponera as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1891b: 126; Emery, 1895j: 767.
Euponera as genus: Emery, 1901a: 46; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 79; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Borgmeier, 1923: 70; Clark, 1934b: 30; Creighton, 1950a: 44; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 63; Bernard, 1953b: 189; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Euponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Cryptopone Emery, 1893a: cclxxv. Type-species: Cryptopone testacea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cryptopone also described as new by Emery, 1893f: 240. Type-species not Amblyopone testacea, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161, repeated in Emery, 1911d: 88, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 636, Kempf, 1972a: 90 and Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 28; see discussion in Wilson, 1958d: 360.]
Cryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Cryptopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 3.
Pseudoponera Emery, 1900c: 314 [as subgenus of Pachycondyla]. Type-species: Ponera quadridentata (junior synonym of Formica stigma), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pseudoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 42. Type-species not Ponera amblyops, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 42; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 779; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723.]
Pseudoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pseudoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 86 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 238; all subsequent authors.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1900c: 314; Emery, 1901a: 42.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1900c: 141; Forel, 1900e: 398; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Pseudoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 91; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 86; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 74.
Pseudoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Brachyponera Emery, 1900c: 315 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Euponera (Brachyponera) croceicornis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Brachyponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera sennaarensis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 160, Emery, 1911d: 84, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 777, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628, Wilson, 1958d: 346; Bolton, 1973a: 335; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23.]
Brachyponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Brachyponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 83; all subsequent authors.
Brachyponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900c: 315; Emery, 1909c: 366; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 83; Arnold, 1915: 72; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; subsequent authors to the following.
Brachyponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 101; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 346; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Ogata, 1987: 116; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Brachyponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Mesoponera Emery, 1900d: 668 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Ponera melanaria, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Mesoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera caffraria, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated by Emery, 1911d: 81, Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661, Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141, Bolton, 1973a: 338; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 35.]
Mesoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Mesoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 80; all subsequent authors.
Mesoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900d: 668; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 80; Arnold, 1915: 64; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 71; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 64; Bernard, 1953b: 190.
Mesoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 99; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 34; Taylor, 1987a: 39; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Mesoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Eumecopone Forel, 1901e: 335 [as subgenus of Neoponera]. Type-species: Neoponera (Eumecopone) agilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eumecopone as subgenus of Neoponera: Forel, 1901e: 335; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 71; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; subsequent authors to the following.
Eumecopone junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Hagensia Forel, 1901f: 333 [as subgenus of Megaloponera (sic)]. Type-species: Megaloponera (Hagensia) havilandi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hagensia in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; all subsequent authors.
Hagensia as subgenus of Megaponera: Forel, 1901f: 333; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 61.
Hagensia as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237.
Hagensia as genus: Arnold, 1926: 202; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 648; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Hagensia as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Neoponera Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species: Formica villosa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Neoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 70 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Neoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Trachymesopus Emery, 1911d: 84 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Formica stigma, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachymesopus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 84; all subsequent authors.
Trachymesopus as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1911d: 84; Arnold, 1915: 74; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 72; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733; Creighton, 1950a: 46; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 65; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 786; Bernard, 1953b: 195.
Trachymesopus as genus: Wilson, 1958d: 352; Kempf, 1960f: 423; Brown, 1963: 6; Kempf, 1972a: 251; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 52; Ogata, 1987: 114; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pseudoponera: Bolton, 1995b: 48 (because of synonymous type-species); Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Trachyponera Santschi, 1928a: 43, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Xiphopelta) arnoldi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1913a: 108; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 737.
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237; Emery, 1919c: 106; Bernard, 1953b: 191.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Mesoponera: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775; all subsequent authors to the following.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Hiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Termitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 159. Type-species: Ponera laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Termitopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 731.
Termitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Syntermitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169 [as subgenus of Termitopone.] Type-species: Ponera commutata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Syntermitopone as subgenus of Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169.
Syntermitopone as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 15.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Termitopone: Borgmeier, 1959a: 312.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Wadeura Weber, 1939a: 102. Type-species: Wadeura guianensis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wadeura in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wadeura as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Pseudoneoponera Donisthorpe, 1943d: 439. Type-species: Pseudoneoponera verecundae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudoneoponera in Ponerinae, Pseudoneoponerini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 77.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Bothroponera: Wilson, 1958d: 361.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Genus Pachycondyla references
Mayr, 1862: 719 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16, 17, 18 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 397, 428, 439, 440 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13, 15 (Bothroponera, Pachycondyla, Megaponera, Paltothyreus diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 82 (Bothroponera diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 396 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Emery, 1887b: 18 (footnote) (Asia & Australia Bothroponera species key); Emery, 1890a: 71 (Neotropical species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 30, 31, 32, 35 (Ectomomyrmex, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Paltothyreus, Pachycondyla, Bothroponera catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 321 (India & Sri Lanka Ectomomyrmex species key); Bingham, 1903: 86, 91, 96, 101 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Ectomomyrmex, Pseudoponera, Bothroponera, Brachyponera species keys); Emery, 1911d: 62 (Paltothyreus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 67 (Megaponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 69 (Megaponera (Hagensia) and Ophthalmopone diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 70 (Neoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 73 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 75 (P. (Bothroponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 78 (P. (Ectomomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera (Mesoponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 83 (Euponera (Brachyponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 84 (Euponera (Trachymesopus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 86 (Pseudoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 88 (Cryptopone diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 43, 46, 49, 53, 63 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Pachycondyla, Euponera diagnoses); Arnold, 1915: 50, 55, 64 (South Africa Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Euponera (Mesoponera) species keys); Gallardo, 1918b: 56, 66 (Argentina Neoponera, Mesoponera, keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 72 (Afrotropical Bothroponera species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 60, 63, 69, 81 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Bothroponera, Euponera diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 763, 766, 768, 769, 774, 780 (Afrotropical Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Ectomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1007, 1008 (Malagasy Bothroponera, Euponera catalogues); Arnold, 1926: 203 (South Africa Hagensia species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 5 (Cryptopone all species key); Santschi, 1935b: 259 (Africa Mesoponera, key); Creighton, 1950a: 45 (North America Euponera species key); Arnold, 1951: 53 (Hagensia species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49, 52, 60, 63, 74 (Asia Bothroponera, Cryptopone, Ectmomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera checklists); Arnold, 1952a: 461 (South Africa Bothroponera, key); Bernard, 1953b: 191 (Guinea Euponera (Xiphopelta) species key); Brown, 1958h: 20 (New Zealand species); Wilson, 1958d: 346, 357, 362 (Melanesia Brachyponera, Cryptopone, Ectomomyrmex species keys); Kempf, 1961b: 192 (Brazil species key); Brown, 1963: 6, 9 (reviews of Cryptopone, Trachymesopus & Ectomomyrmex); Kempf, 1964e: 51 (Neotropical Pachycondyla species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 36 (Argentina Neoponera species key); Kempf, 1972a: 90, 141, 160, 174, 248, 251, 257 (Neotropical Cryptopone, Mesoponera, Neoponera, Pachycondyla, Termitopone, Trachymesopus, Wadeura catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 7 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339, 1341 (North America, Pachycondyla, Brachyponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21, 23, 28, 29, 34, 34, 52 (Australia, catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 9, 23, 26, 39, 80 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 18 (Japan Ectomomyrmex, Cryptopone, Brachyponera, Trachymesopus species key); Brandão, 1991: 354, 360, 365, 381, 382 (Neotropical catalogue); Xu, 1994b: 182 (China Brachyponera species key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 166, 302 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45 (China species key); Xu, 1995b: 104 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 310 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla Saudi Arabia species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 147 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 182, 196 (Australia Cryptopone, Pachycondyla fauna synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 35, 49 (China, Guangxi Cryptopone, Pachycondyla species keys); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 424 (wingless female fossils, diagnosis); Wild, 2002: 4 (Paraguay species key); Bolton, 2003: 161, 165 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla synopses); Wild, 2005: 5 (P. apicalis complex key); Yamane, 2007: 652 (P. nigrita species group key); Mackay, Mackay, Fernández & Arias-Penna, in Fernández, 2008: 172 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 105, 108 (Taiwan Pachycondyla, Cryptopone species keys); Heterick, 2009: 134 (south-western Australia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 26, 107 (New World Pachycondyla species revision, species complexes key and species key).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus ocellatus TRUE TRUE FALSEocellatus. Acanthognathus ocellatus Mayr, 1887: 579 (w.) BRAZIL. Mann, 1916: 452 (q). See also: Brown & Kempf, 1969: 95; Bolton, 2000: 16.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus rudis TRUE TRUE FALSErudis. Acanthognathus rudis Brown & Kempf, 1969: 100, figs. 1, 2, 4-10 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1969: 110 (l.). See also: Dietz & Brandão, 1993: 683; Bolton, 2000: 17.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus stipulosus TRUE TRUE FALSEstipulosus. Acanthognathus stipulosus Brown & Kempf, 1969: 104, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 17.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Acanthoponera goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Acanthoponera goeldii Forel, 1912c: 34 (w.) BRAZIL.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Acanthoponera mucronata TRUE TRUE FALSEmucronata. Ponera mucronata Roger, 1860: 299 (q.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1862: 733 (w.). Combination in Ectatomma (Acanthoponera): Mayr, 1862: 733; in Acanthoponera: Emery, 1911d: 36. Senior synonym of goyana, plaumanni, wagneri: Brown, 1958g: 194.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus bentoni TRUE TRUE FALSEbentoni. Acanthostichus bentoni Mackay, 1996: 143, fig. 7 (w.) BRAZIL.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus brevinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevinodis. Acanthostichus brevinodis Mackay, 1996: 147, figs. 67, 68 (m.) BRAZIL.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus flexuosus TRUE TRUE FALSEflexuosus. Acanthostichus flexuosus Mackay, 1996: 151, fig. 61 (q.m.) BRAZIL.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus fuscipennis TRUE TRUE FALSEfuscipennis. Acanthostichus fuscipennis Emery, 1895j: 752, pl. 17, fig. 13 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Mackay, 1996: 153.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus serratulus TRUE TRUE FALSEserratulus. Typhlopone serratula Smith, F. 1858b: 111 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 551 (m.); Emery, 1899c: 6 (l.). Combination in Acanthostichus: Mayr, 1887: 549. See also: Gallardo, 1918b: 9; Mackay, 1996: 165.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex ambiguus TRUE TRUE FALSEambiguus. Atta (Acromyrmex) lundi var. ambigua Emery, 1888c: 358 (w.) BRAZIL. Goni et al., 1983: 365 (k.). Combination in Acromyrmex: Bruch, 1914: 216. Raised to species: Emery, 1905c: 50. Senior synonym of erectus: Gonçalves, 1961: 131.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex ameliae TRUE TRUE FALSEameliae. Acromyrmex ameliae De Souza, Soares & Della Lucia, 2007: 252, figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9-14 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex aspersus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
aspersus. Oecodoma aspersa Smith, F. 1858b: 185, pl. 10, fig. 17 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1905c: 49 (w.m.). Combination in Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 590; in Acromyrmex: Gallardo, 1916d: 328. Junior synonym of octospinosa: Forel, 1893e: 590. Revived from synonymy: Emery, 1905c: 48. Senior synonym of affinis, inquirens, mesonotalis and material of the unavailable name clarus referred here: Gonçalves, 1961: 132. Current subspecies: nominal plus fuhrmanni.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex diasi TRUE TRUE FALSEdiasi. Acromyrmex (Acromyrmex) diasi Gonçalves, 1983a: 485, fig. 1 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex disciger TRUE TRUE FALSEdisciger. Atta discigera Mayr, 1887: 551 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 590; in Acromyrmex: Luederwaldt, 1918: 38. See also: Gonçalves, 1961: 141.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex heyeri TRUE TRUE FALSEheyeri. Atta (Moellerius) heyeri Forel, 1899c: 31 (footnote) (s.w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1905c: 43 (q.m.); Bruch, 1921: 199 (q.m.); Goni et al. 1983: 365 (k.). Combination in Acromyrmex: Bruch, 1914: 217; in Acromyrmex (Moellerius): Fowler, 1988: 287. Senior synonym of gaudens, lillensis: Fowler, 1988: 287. See also: Gonçalves, 1961: 127.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex laticeps TRUE TRUE FALSElaticeps. Atta (Acromyrmex) laticeps Emery, 1905c: 50, figs. 16, 17 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 349. Senior synonym of hortulanus: Gonçalves, 1961: 144.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lobicornis TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
lobicornis. Atta (Acromyrmex) lobicornis Emery, 1888c: 358 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1905c: 52 (q.m.). Combination in Acromyrmex: Bruch, 1914: 216. [Incorrectly recorded from Ivory Coast: Santschi, 1928f: 209.] Senior synonym of bucki, rufidens: Gonçalves, 1961: 148. Current subspecies: nominal plus cochlearis, ferrugineus, pencosensis, pruinosior.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lundii TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
lundii. Myrmica lundii Guérin-Méneville, 1838: 206 (q.m.) BRAZIL. Roger, 1863a: 201 (w.); Forel, 1885a: 356 (w.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 675 (l.). Combination in Atta: Roger, 1863a: 200; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1885a: 356; in Acromyrmex: Forel, 1913l: 237. Senior synonym of bonariensis: Gallardo, 1916d: 331; of risii: Santschi, 1925a: 384; of dubia: Gonçalves, 1961: 150. See also: Bruch, 1921: 192. Current subspecies: nominal plus boliviensis, carli, decolor, parallelus.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex niger TRUE TRUE FALSEniger. Oecodoma nigra Smith, F. 1858b: 186 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1905c: 48 (w.m.). Combination in Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 590; in Acromyrmex: Bruch, 1914: 216. Senior synonym of muticinoda (and its junior synonyms depressoculis, homalops): Gonçalves, 1967: 18.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex nigrosetosus TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrosetosus. Atta (Acromyrmex) nigrosetosa Forel, 1908c: 350 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1922b: 361 (q.). Combination in Acromyrmex: Mann, 1916: 454. Subspecies of laticeps: Santschi, 1925a: 382; Gonçalves, 1961: 146; Kempf, 1972a: 12. Senior synonym of dimidiata, garbei, pulchella: Gonçalves, 1961: 146. Revived status as species: Wild, 2007b: 30.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex nobilis TRUE TRUE FALSEnobilis. Acromyrmex (Acromyrmex) nobilis Santschi, 1939e: 317 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Santschi, 1939f: 164.] See also: Gonçalves, 1961: 156.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex rugosus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
rugosus. Oecodoma rugosa Smith, F. 1858b: 186 (q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1904c: 33 (w.); Emery, 1905c: 109 (m.). Combination in Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 590; in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 348. Junior synonym of coronatus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 152; Forel, 1895b: 139. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of coronatus: Emery, 1905c: 49. Revived status as species: Santschi, 1925a: 378; Santschi, 1925d: 243. Senior synonym of pallida Smith: Forel, 1893e: 590; of bigener, vestitus: Gonçalves, 1961: 159. Current subspecies: nominal plus rochai, santschii.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex subterraneus TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
subterraneus. Atta (Acromyrmex) subterranea Forel, 1893e: 593 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1901d: 301 (m.). Subspecies of coronatus: Forel, 1901d: 301; Forel, 1911c: 291; Bruch, 1914: 216. Status as species: Emery, 1905c: 48; Forel, 1912e: 181; Luederwaldt, 1918: 39; Santschi, 1925a: 372; Gonçalves, 1961: 164. Senior synonym of mixtus, purensis: Gonçalves, 1961: 164. Current subspecies: nominal plus brunneus, molestans, ogloblini, peruvianus.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex rugosus rochai TRUE TRUE FALSErochai. Atta (Acromyrmex) rugosus var. rochai Forel, 1904c: 34 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Acromyrmex: Santschi, 1925a: 379. Junior synonym of aspersus: Emery, 1905c: 48. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of rugosus: Santschi, 1925a: 379. Senior synonym of navarroi: Gonçalves, 1961: 162. Currently subspecies of rugosus: Gonçalves, 1961: 162.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans TRUE TRUE FALSEmolestans. Acromyrmex subterraneus st. molestans Santschi, 1925a: 373 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of eidmanni: Gonçalves, 1961: 168.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lobicornis ferrugineus TRUE TRUE FALSEferrugineus. Atta (Acromyrmex) lobicornis var. ferruginea Emery, 1905c: 52 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Acromyrmex: Bruch, 1914: 216.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga decedens TRUE TRUE FALSEdecedens. Brachymyrmex decedens Mayr, 1887: 521 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Rhizomyrma: Emery, 1906c: 184; in Acropyga (Rhizomyrma): Emery, 1925b: 29. See also: LaPolla, 2004a: 40.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Acropyga (Rhizomyrma) goeldii Forel, 1893g: 348 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Rhizomyrma: Forel, 1912i: 60; in Acropyga (Rhizomyrma): Emery, 1925b: 29. Junior synonym of decedens: Costa Lima, 1931: 7. Revived from synonymy: Wheeler, W.M. 1935f: 322; Weber, 1944: 93. Senior synonym of borgmeieri, columbica, marshalli, pachycera, pickeli, quadriceps, rutgersi, tridentata, trinitatis: LaPolla, 2004a: 49.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga tricuspis TRUE TRUE FALSEtricuspis. Acropyga tricuspis LaPolla, 2004a: 59, figs. 23, 40, 45 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex striatus TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatus. Adelomyrmex striatus Fernández, 2003b: 29, figs. 37, 74 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Allomerus brevipilosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevipilosus. Allomerus brevipilosus Fernández, 2007a: 164 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Allomerus decemarticulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEdecemarticulatus. Allomerus decemarticulatus Mayr, 1878: 874 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1975c: 347 (q.). See also: Fernández, 2007a: 164.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Allomerus maietae TRUE TRUE FALSEmaietae. Allomerus maietae Fernández, 2007a: 167, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Allomerus octoarticulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEoctoarticulatus. Allomerus octoarticulatus Mayr, 1878: 874 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1904e: 679 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955c: 125 (l.). Subspecies of decemarticulatus: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 199. Revived status as species: Kempf, 1972a: 19. Senior synonym ofdemerarae, novemarticulatus, tuberculatus and material of the unavailable names angulatus, exsanguis, melanoticus referred here: Fernández, 2007a: 167.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Allomerus septemarticulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEseptemarticulatus. Allomerus septemarticulatus Mayr, 1878: 874 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1904e: 680 (q.). Subspecies of octoarticulatus: Forel, 1904e: 680; of decemarticulatus: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 203. Raised to species: Fernández, 2007a: 171.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Allomerus vogeli TRUE TRUE FALSEvogeli. Allomerus vogeli Kempf, 1975c: 348, figs. 1-4 (w.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Fernández, 2007a: 173.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone agostii TRUE TRUE FALSEagostii. Amblyopone agostii Lacau & Delabie, 2002: 36, figs. 3-4 (w.) BRAZIL.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone armigera TRUE TRUE FALSEarmigera. Amblyopone armigera Mayr, 1887: 547 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Stigmatomma: Dalla Torre, 1893: 14; in Stigmatomma (Fulakora): Mann, 1919: 279; in Amblyopone: Borgmeier, 1957: 109.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone cleae TRUE TRUE FALSEcleae. Amblyopone cleae Delabie, in Lacau & Delabie, 2002: 34, figs. 1-2 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone degenerata TRUE TRUE FALSEdegenerata. Amblyopone degenerata Borgmeier, 1957: 111, figs. 18-20 (w.) BRAZIL.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone heraldoi TRUE TRUE FALSEheraldoi. Amblyopone heraldoi Lacau & Delabie, 2002: 37, figs. 6-7 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus altisquamis TRUE TRUE FALSEaltisquamis. Anochetus altisquamis Mayr, 1887: 529 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of fumata: Kempf & Lenko, 1976: 58.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus bispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbispinosus. Odontomachus bispinosus Smith, F. 1858b: 199 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Stenomyrmex: Mayr, 1886c: 361; in Anochetus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 47. See also: Brown, 1976a: 103.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus horridus TRUE TRUE FALSEhorridus. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) horridus Kempf, 1964f: 239, figs. 4, 8, 12, 14 (gynecoid w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1212 (l.). See also: Brown, 1978c: 612.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus neglectus TRUE TRUE FALSEneglectus. Anochetus mayri subsp. neglectus Emery, 1894c: 188 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Raised to species, senior synonym of australis and material of the unavailable name nobilis referred here: Brown, 1978c: 558.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus oriens TRUE TRUE FALSEoriens. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) oriens Kempf, 1964f: 240, figs. 2, 6, 10, 13 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus vexator TRUE TRUE FALSEvexator. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) vexator Kempf, 1964f: 243, figs. 3, 7, 11, 15 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma acre TRUE TRUE FALSEacre. Apterostigma acre Lattke, 1997: 133, figs. 57, 75, 98, 115, 138 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma moelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEmoelleri. Apterostigma moelleri Forel, 1892d: 348 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Member of unresolved pilosum-complex: Lattke, 1997: 165.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma pilosum TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosum. Apterostigma pilosum Mayr, 1865: 113, pl. 4, fig. 35 (q.m.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 554 (w.). Unresolved pilosum-complex, containing the nominal taxa abdita, discrepans, mayri, moelleri, pallidum, pilosum, scutellare, tramitis, zip: Lattke, 1997: 165.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma serratum TRUE TRUE FALSEserratum. Apterostigma serratum Lattke, 1997: 168, figs. 70, 95, 110, 133, 156 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma tropicoxa TRUE TRUE FALSEtropicoxa. Apterostigma tropicoxa Lattke, 1997: 175, figs. 94, 111, 135, 158 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma wasmannii TRUE TRUE FALSEwasmannii. Apterostigma wasmannii Forel, 1892d: 345 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1893e: 605 (q.). See also: Lattke, 1997: 219.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Asphinctanilloides amazona TRUE TRUE FALSEamazona. Asphinctanilloides amazona Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 31, figs. 9, 10, 18, 25, 36-39, 68-74 (w.) BRAZIL.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Asphinctanilloides anae TRUE TRUE FALSEanae. Asphinctanilloides anae Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 32, figs. 11, 12, 19, 26, 40-43, 75-81 (w.) BRAZIL.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Asphinctanilloides manauara TRUE TRUE FALSEmanauara. Asphinctanilloides manauara Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 33, figs. 13, 14, 20, 27, 44-47, 82-88 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta bisphaerica TRUE TRUE FALSEbisphaerica. Atta sexdens var. bisphaerica Forel, 1908c: 348 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 347; in Atta (Palaeatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 244. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1939: 423. See also: Borgmeier, 1959b: 377.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta capiguara TRUE TRUE FALSEcapiguara. Atta (Neoatta) capiguara Gonçalves, 1944: 234, figs. 1-6 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Atta (Epiatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 250. See also: Gonçalves, 1947a: 209; Borgmeier, 1959b: 372.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta goiana TRUE TRUE FALSEgoiana. Atta (Neoatta) goiana Gonçalves, 1942: 347 (m.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1959b: 379 (w.). Combination in Atta (Palaeatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 245.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta laevigata TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigata. Oecodoma laevigata Smith, F. 1858b: 182, pl. 10, fig. 24 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1913l: 239 (m.); Gonçalves, 1942: 336 (q.). Combination in Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35; in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 348; Borgmeier, 1959b: 365; in Atta (Epiatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 247. Subspecies of sexdens: Mayr, 1865: 80; Emery, 1913bb: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1923a: 4. Revived status as species: Forel, 1913l: 239; Menozzi, 1935b: 197; Borgmeier, 1939: 423; Gonçalves, 1942: 348; Borgmeier, 1959b: 365. Senior synonym of bolchevista: Borgmeier, 1950d: 243; of venezuelensis: Borgmeier, 1959b: 365; of silvai: Delabie, 1998: 339.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta opaciceps TRUE TRUE FALSEopaciceps. Atta bisphaerica subsp. opaciceps Borgmeier, 1939: 427, fig.16 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1950d: 248 (m.); Borgmeier, 1959b: 368 (q.). Combination in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 340; Borgmeier, 1959b: 368; in Atta (Epiatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 248. Raised to species: Gonçalves, 1947a: 186; Borgmeier, 1959b: 369.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta robusta TRUE TRUE FALSErobusta. Atta sexdens subsp. robusta Borgmeier, 1939: 426, fig. 15 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Atta (Neoatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 348; Borgmeier, 1959b: 370; in Atta (Epiatta): Borgmeier, 1950d: 246. Raised to species: Gonçalves, 1942: 348. See also: Borgmeier, 1959b: 370.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca aesopus TRUE TRUE FALSEaesopus. Azteca aesopus Forel, 1908c: 392 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca angusticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEangusticeps. Azteca angusticeps Emery, 1893b: 144, pl. 2, figs. 66-71 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca aurita TRUE TRUE FALSEaurita. Azteca aurita Emery, 1893b: 146, pl. 2, figs. 85, 86 (q.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of silvae: Longino, 2007: 55.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca barbifex TRUE TRUE FALSEbarbifex. Azteca barbifex Forel, 1906d: 242 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca bequaerti TRUE TRUE FALSEbequaerti. Azteca bequaerti Wheeler, W.M. & Bequaert, 1929: 35 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
brevicornis. Liometopum brevicorne Mayr, 1878: 870 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Azteca: Emery, 1893b: 145. Current subspecies: nominal plus boliviana.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca coussapoae TRUE TRUE FALSEcoussapoae. Azteca coussapoae Forel, 1904e: 700 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca crassicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEcrassicornis. Azteca crassicornis Emery, 1893b: 147 (q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca delpini TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
delpini. Azteca delpini Emery, 1893b: 133, pl. 1, figs. 30-32 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus antillana, trinidadensis.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca depilis TRUE TRUE FALSEdepilis. Azteca depilis Emery, 1893b: 139, pl. 2, figs. 37-42 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. [Azteca depilis Schumann, 1881: 417. Nomen nudum.]
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca duckei TRUE TRUE FALSEduckei. Azteca duckei Forel, 1906d: 243, fig. 2 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca duroiae TRUE TRUE FALSEduroiae. Azteca duroiae Forel, 1904e: 697 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1906d: 241 (m.).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca emeryi TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryi. Azteca emeryi Forel, 1904e: 698 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Azteca goeldii Forel, 1906d: 245 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca huberi TRUE TRUE FALSEhuberi. Azteca huberi Forel, 1906d: 244 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Azteca iheringi Forel, 1915c: 359 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca juruensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjuruensis. Azteca longiceps var. juruensis Forel, 1904e: 699 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Longino, 1996: 138. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 233.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca lanuginosa TRUE TRUE FALSElanuginosa. Azteca lanuginosa Emery, 1893b: 141, pl. 2, fig. 47 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1908c: 389 (q.m.). See also: Longino, 2007: 56.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca laurae TRUE TRUE FALSElaurae. Azteca laurae Guerrero, et al., 2010: 58, fig. 7 (q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca mayrii TRUE TRUE FALSEmayrii. Azteca mayrii Emery, 1893b: 143, pl. 2, figs. 81, 82 (q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca minor TRUE TRUE FALSEminor. Azteca minor Forel, 1904e: 696 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca muelleri TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
muelleri. Azteca muelleri Emery, 1893b: 131, pl. 1, figs. 12-15 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of nigella: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 236; of brunni, gibbifera, janeirensis, nigella, nigridens, wacketi: Longino, 1992: 1591. Current subspecies: nominal plus terminalis.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca olitrix TRUE TRUE FALSEolitrix. Azteca olitrix Forel, 1904e: 693 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca ovaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEovaticeps. Azteca alfaroi var. ovaticeps Forel, 1904c: 44 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Raised to species and senior synonym of aequalis, aequilata, tuberosa: Longino, 1989: 8. See also: Longino, 2007: 42.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca paraensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
paraensis. Azteca velox r. paraensis Forel, 1904c: 45 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Forel, 1906d: 240. Current subspecies: nominal plus bondari.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca sapii TRUE TRUE FALSEsapii. Azteca longiceps r. sapii Forel, 1912h: 56 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Longino, 1996: 144.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca severini TRUE TRUE FALSEseverini. Azteca severini Emery, 1896c: 5, fig. 7 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca stanleyuli TRUE TRUE FALSEstanleyuli. Azteca stanleyuli Forel, 1921a: 202 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca stigmatica TRUE TRUE FALSEstigmatica. Azteca stigmatica Emery, 1896c: 6, fig. 8 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trailii TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
trailii. Azteca trailii Emery, 1893b: 133, pl. 1, figs. 33-36 (s.w.m.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1904e: 692 (q.). See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 243. Current subspecies: nominal plus filicis, tillandsiarum, tococae.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trianguliceps TRUE TRUE FALSEtrianguliceps. Azteca trianguliceps Forel, 1912h: 53 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trigona TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
trigona. Azteca trigona Emery, 1893b: 146, pl. 2, figs. 79, 80 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1896b: 3 (w.); Forel, 1907e: 8 (m.). Senior synonym of festai: Forel, 1906d: 237. Current subspecies: nominal plus gaigei, mathildae, mediops, subdentata.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca ulei TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
ulei. Azteca ulei Forel, 1904e: 694 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus cordiae, gagatina, nigricornis.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trailii tococae TRUE TRUE FALSEtococae. Azteca traili var. tococae Forel, 1904e: 693 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Currently subspecies of traili: Forel, 1906d: 239.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca muelleri terminalis TRUE TRUE FALSEterminalis. Azteca muelleri subsp. terminalis Mann, 1916: 470, pl. 2, fig. 16 (s.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca schumannii taediosa TRUE TRUE FALSEtaediosa. Azteca schumanni var. taediosa Forel, 1904c: 42 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trigona subdentata TRUE TRUE FALSEsubdentata. Azteca festai r. subdentata Forel, 1904c: 43 (w.) BRAZIL. Menozzi, 1935b: 200 (q.). Currently subspecies of trigona: Forel, 1906d: 237.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca chartifex stalactitica TRUE TRUE FALSEstalactitica. Azteca chartifex subsp. stalactitica Emery, 1896c: 4, fig. 6 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca chartifex spiriti TRUE TRUE FALSEspiriti. Azteca chartifex var. spiriti Forel, 1912h: 52 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca fasciata similis TRUE TRUE FALSEsimilis. Azteca fasciata var. similis Mann, 1916: 472 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca velox rochai TRUE TRUE FALSErochai. Azteca velox r. rochai Forel, 1912h: 49 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca ulei nigricornis TRUE TRUE FALSEnigricornis. Azteca ulei r. nigricornis Forel, 1904e: 695 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trigona mediops TRUE TRUE FALSEmediops. Azteca festai r. mediops Forel, 1904c: 43 (w.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of trigona: Forel, 1906d: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1916d: 330; of tonduzi: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 245. Currently subspecies of trigona: Kempf, 1972a: 35.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trigona mathildae TRUE TRUE FALSEmathildae. Azteca trigona r. mathildae Forel, 1906d: 238 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of tonduzi: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 245. Currently subspecies of trigona: Kempf, 1972a: 35; Shattuck, 1994: 27.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca chartifex lanians TRUE TRUE FALSElanians. Azteca chartifex subsp. lanians Emery, 1913a: 32 (s.w.) BRAZIL. [First available use of Azteca chartifex r. decipiens var. laniens Forel, 1906d: 237; unavailable name.]
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca schumannii dubia TRUE TRUE FALSEdubia. Azteca schumanni subsp. dubia Mann, 1916: 469, pl. 2, fig. 15 (s.w.m.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca chartifex decipiens TRUE TRUE FALSEdecipiens. Azteca chartifex r. decipiens Forel, 1906d: 236 (w.) BRAZIL. [First available use of Azteca chartifex r. laticeps var. decipiens Forel, 1904c: 44; unavailable name.]
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca ulei cordiae TRUE TRUE FALSEcordiae. Azteca ulei var. cordiae Forel, 1904e: 695 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 246 (q.).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca chartifex cearensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcearensis. Azteca chartifex r. cearensis Forel, 1903c: 259 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca paraensis bondari TRUE TRUE FALSEbondari. Azteca paraensis var. bondari Borgmeier, 1937b: 250 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca polymorpha bahiana TRUE TRUE FALSEbahiana. Azteca polymorpha var. bahiana Forel, 1912h: 56 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros convexiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEconvexiceps. Ceratobasis convexiceps Mayr, 1887: 581 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1924d: 328 (m.). Combination in Basiceros: Emery, 1924d: 328. Senior synonym of squamifer: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 172.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros disciger TRUE TRUE FALSEdisciger. Ceratobasis disciger Mayr, 1887: 581 (w.) BRAZIL. Brown & Kempf, 1960: 180 (q.); Brown, 1974c: 140 (m.). Combination in Basiceros: Emery, 1924d: 328; in Aspididris: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 179; in Basiceros: Brown, 1974c: 140.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros scambognathus TRUE TRUE FALSEscambognathus. Creightonidris scambognatha Brown, 1949f: 89 (q.) BRAZIL. Feitosa, Brandão & Dietz, 2007: 23 (q.m.). See also: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 178. Combination in Basiceros: Fernández, 2003d: 392; Feitosa, Brandão & Dietz, 2007: 19.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros singularis TRUE TRUE FALSEsingularis. Meranoplus singularis Smith, F. 1858b: 195, pl. 13, figs. 6-10 (w., not q.; see Brown & Kempf, 1960: 175) BRAZIL. Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 9 (q.); Brown, 1974c: 140 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1980: 537 (l.). Combination in Ceratobasis: Smith, F. 1860c: 78; in Basiceros: Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 9. See also: Brown, 1949f: 88.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Blepharidatta brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Blepharidatta brasiliensis Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 484, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1975c: 369 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1991a: 134 (l.).
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Blepharidatta conops TRUE TRUE FALSEconops. Blepharidatta conops Kempf, 1967d: 355, figs. 4, 5 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Diniz, Brandão & Yamamoto, 1998: 270.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex admotus TRUE TRUE FALSEadmotus. Brachymyrmex admotus Mayr, 1887: 523 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1982: 178 (l.). See also: Quirán, 2005: 762.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex antennatus TRUE TRUE FALSEantennatus. Brachymyrmex (Bryscha) antennatus Santschi, 1929d: 312, fig. 35 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex australis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
australis. Brachymyrmex minutus r. australis Forel, 1901d: 302 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Santschi, 1922d: 260. See also: Santschi, 1923b: 662. Current subspecies: nominal plus curtus.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex coactus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
coactus. Brachymyrmex coactus Mayr, 1887: 523 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus nictitans, robustus.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex degener TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
degener. Brachymyrmex coactus subsp. degener Emery, 1906c: 177 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Santschi, 1923b: 670. Current subspecies: nominal plus niger.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Brachymyrmex goeldii Forel, 1912i: 65 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex longicornis TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
longicornis. Brachymyrmex longicornis Forel, 1907e: 9 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912i: 62 (q.). Current subspecies: nominal plus hemiops, immunis, pullus.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex luederwaldti TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
luederwaldti. Brachymyrmex luederwaldti Santschi, 1923b: 672, figs. 36, 66 (w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus attenuatus.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex micromegas TRUE TRUE FALSEmicromegas. Brachymyrmex (Bryscha) micromegas Emery, in Santschi, 1923b: 675, figs. 30, 32 (w) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex modestus TRUE TRUE FALSEmodestus. Brachymyrmex modestus Santschi, 1923c: 271 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex myops TRUE TRUE FALSEmyops. Brachymyrmex myops Emery, 1906c: 181 (footnote), fig. 42 (w.m.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex pictus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
pictus. Brachymyrmex pictus Mayr, 1887: 522 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus balboae.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex pilipes TRUE TRUE FALSEpilipes. Brachymyrmex pilipes Mayr, 1887: 524 (q.m.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1929d: 310 (w.). Combination in Brachymyrmex (Bryscha): Santschi, 1923b: 674.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex termitophilus TRUE TRUE FALSEtermitophilus. Brachymyrmex heeri var. termitophilus Forel, 1895j: 179 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 44.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex coactus robustus TRUE TRUE FALSErobustus. Brachymyrmex coactus var. robustus Santschi, 1923c: 272 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex degener niger TRUE TRUE FALSEniger. Brachymyrmex admotus r. niger Forel, 1912i: 62 (w.) BRAZIL. Currently subspecies of degener: Santschi, 1923b: 671.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex longicornis immunis TRUE TRUE FALSEimmunis. Brachymyrmex longicornis var. immunis Forel, 1908c: 400 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Forel, 1911c: 308; Santschi, 1923b: 668.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex longicornis hemiops TRUE TRUE FALSEhemiops. Brachymyrmex longicornis var. hemiops Santschi, 1923b: 668, fig. 20 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex luederwaldti attenuatus TRUE TRUE FALSEattenuatus. Brachymyrmex luederwaldti st. attenuatus Santschi, 1929d: 310 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus abunanus TRUE TRUE FALSEabunanus. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus subsp. abunanus Mann, 1916: 475, pl. 6, fig. 44 (s.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1925d: 245 (w.). Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233 (footnote). Raised to species: Santschi, 1925d: 245; Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ager TRUE TRUE FALSEager. Formica agra Smith, F. 1858b: 47 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myromgigas): Forel, 1912i: 91; in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. [Forel, 1886f: 167 suggests that ager may be minor worker of egregius. See also: Emery, 1903: 77.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus alacer TRUE TRUE FALSEalacer. Camponotus alacer Forel, 1912i: 76 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 65.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus alboannulatus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
alboannulatus. Camponotus alboannulatus Mayr, 1887: 511 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1968: 219 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Santschi, 1921f: 311. Current subspecies: nominal plus montanus, nessus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus amoris TRUE TRUE FALSEamoris. Camponotus amoris Forel, 1904c: 51 (s.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus apicalis TRUE TRUE FALSEapicalis. Dendromyrmex apicalis Mann, 1916: 487, pl. 6, fig. 43 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Dendromyrmex): Fernández, 2002: 80. Senior synonym of filiae, guyanensis, opaciceps, wheeleri: Fernández, 2002: 80
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus arboreus TRUE TRUE FALSEarboreus. Formica arborea Smith, F. 1858b: 44 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 666; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Kempf, 1965: 186. Senior synonym of adpressisetosus: Kempf, 1965: 186.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus atriceps TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
atriceps. Formica atriceps Smith, F. 1858b: 44 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1862: 660 (q.); Forel, 1878: 76 (m.); Mariano et al., 2001: 269 (k.). Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1862c: 285. Junior synonym of abdominalis: Roger, 1862c: 285; Santschi, 1913h: 42; Hashmi, 1973: 83. Subspecies of abdominalis: Emery, 1906c: 187; Forel, 1911c: 310. Senior synonym of taeniatus: Mayr, 1870a: 378. Oldest synonym of, and hence first available replacement name for, Formica abdominalis Fabricius, 1804: 409, designated by Bolton, 1995b: 86. [Junior primary homonym of Formica abdominalis Latreille, 1802c: 175.] Junior synonyms attached to abdominalis Fabricius by Hashmi, 1973: 82–83 are transferred to atriceps, which hence is senior synonym of: atricipitoesuriens, costaricensis, cupiens, depressidens, epistomatus, esuriens (and its junior synonym vulpinus), fuchsae, fulvacea, fumata, laevilata, mediopallidus, rabidus, romani, stercorarius, taeniatus, transvectus, ustulatus. Material of the unavailable names defrictus, flavobasalis, luisae, misionensis, panamanus, referred to abdominalis Fabricius by Hashmi, 1973: 82, is here referred to atriceps. Current subspecies: nominal plus nocens (status uncertain, see Hashmi, 1973: 120).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus blandus TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
blandus. Formica blanda Smith, F. 1858b: 43 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myrmocamelus): Forel, 1913l: 249; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1920b: 256. Current subspecies: nominal plus aequinotus, denudatus, pronotalis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus branneri TRUE TRUE FALSEbranneri. Dendromyrmex branneri Mann, 1916: 488, pl. 6, fig. 47 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1976a: 107 (s.). Combination in Camponotus, subgenus indeterminate: Kempf, 1976a: 107.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
brasiliensis. Camponotus brasiliensis Mayr, 1862: 671 (w.) BRAZIL. Kutter, 1932: 210 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 163. Subspecies of crassus: Forel, 1885a: 346; Forel, 1912i: 78. Revived status as species: Santschi, 1919f: 56; Santschi, 1925d: 246. Current subspecies: nominal plus chacoensis, clivius, costaricanus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus burtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEburtoni. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) burtoni Mann, 1916: 479, pl. 6, figs. 45, 46 (s.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Hypercolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 166.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus caracalla TRUE TRUE FALSEcaracalla. Camponotus caracalla Forel, 1912i: 80 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 165.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus chartifex TRUE TRUE FALSEchartifex. Formica chartifex Smith, F. 1860c: 68 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1899c: 158 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986d: 337 (l.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 673; in Dendromyrmex: Emery, 1895j: 772; in C. (Dendromyrmex): Fernández, 2002: 60. Senior synonym of melinoni: Fernández, 2002: 60.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cillae TRUE TRUE FALSEcillae. Camponotus cillae Forel, 1912i: 74 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cingulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcingulatus. Camponotus cingulatus Mayr, 1862: 661 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1879a: 73 (s.); Hashmi, 1973: 41 (q.); Mariano et al., 2001: 269 (k.). Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 268. Subspecies of maculatus: Bruch, 1914: 229 (in error). Revived status as species: Santschi, 1922c: 109. Senior synonym of bambusarum, brunneiventris, damocles, fissa, myster and material of the unavailable name postniger referred here: Hashmi, 1973: 31; senior synonym of lessonai: Wild, 2007b: 48.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus clypeatus TRUE TRUE FALSEclypeatus. Camponotus clypeatus Mayr, 1866a: 487 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Camponotus): Forel, 1914a: 266; in C. (Myrmopelta): Santschi, 1921f: 311; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus compositor TRUE TRUE FALSEcompositor. Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) compositor Santschi, 1922c: 111 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus coptobregma TRUE TRUE FALSEcoptobregma. Camponotus (Hypercolobopsis) coptobregma Kempf, 1968b: 411, figs. 23-26 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus coriolanus TRUE TRUE FALSEcoriolanus. Camponotus (Colobopsis?) coriolanus Forel, 1912i: 84 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Hypercolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 160. Senior synonym of scrobifer: Kempf, 1968b: 410.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus crassus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
crassus. Camponotus crassus Mayr, 1862: 670 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912i: 78 (q.); Mariano et al., 2001: 272 (k.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Subspecies of senex: Forel, 1879a: 99. Revived status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 227; Emery, 1906c: 192. Senior synonym of flexus: Mayr, 1870a: 387; of picticornis, vezenyii: Wild, 2007b: 47. Current subspecies: nominal plus amazonicus, delabiatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus depressiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressiceps. Camponotus depressiceps Forel, 1879a: 106, pl. 1, fig. 2 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmomalis): Forel, 1914a: 271.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus depressus TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressus. Camponotus depressus Mayr, 1866a: 487, pl., fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. Menozzi, 1925b: 371 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmomalis): Forel, 1914a: 263.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus dimorphus TRUE TRUE FALSEdimorphus. Camponotus dimorphus Emery, 1894c: 170 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmorhachis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 165.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus divergens TRUE TRUE FALSEdivergens. Camponotus divergens Mayr, 1887: 516 (s.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158; in C. (Hypercolobopsis): Kempf, 1960f: 458.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus diversipalpus TRUE TRUE FALSEdiversipalpus. Camponotus (Dinomyrmex) diversipalpus Santschi, 1922c: 106 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus egregius TRUE TRUE FALSEegregius. Formica egregia Smith, F. 1858b: 45 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1879a: 98 (s.); Emery, 1903: 77 (q.). Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 3; in C. (Myrmogigas): Forel, 1912i: 91; in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Subspecies of compressus: Forel, 1879a: 89; of angusticollis: Emery, 1896d: 370. Revived status as species: Forel, 1886f: 166; Emery, 1903: 77; Emery, 1920b: 256.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus erythrostoma TRUE TRUE FALSEerythrostoma. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) erythrostoma Emery, 1920c: 34 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus eurynotus TRUE TRUE FALSEeurynotus. Camponotus eurynotus Forel, 1907a: 35 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1912i: 92.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fastigatus TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
fastigatus. Camponotus fastigatus Roger, 1863b: 5 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1903: 73 (q.); Forel, 1908c: 403 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Santschi, 1922c: 113; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155. Current subspecies: nominal plus barbiculus, schmalzi, verae.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus femoratus TRUE TRUE FALSEfemoratus. Formica femorata Fabricius, 1804: 397 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 174 (w.); Forel, 1904c: 49 (s.). Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1862c: 284; in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269. Junior synonym of rufipes: Roger, 1861b: 164. Revived from synonymy: Mayr, 1863: 14. See also: Hashmi, 1973: 44.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fryi TRUE TRUE FALSEfryi. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus subsp. fryi Mann, 1916: 474, pl. 6, fig. 52 (s.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233 (footnote). Raised to species: Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fuscocinctus TRUE TRUE FALSEfuscocinctus. Camponotus rubripes r. fuscocinctus Emery, 1888c: 364 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 232; Emery, 1894g: 373; Forel, 1895b: 603. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 371; Forel, 1908c: 406; Forel, 1911c: 311; of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233 (footnote); of conspicuus: Santschi, 1922c: 101. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1952d: 210.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus genatus TRUE TRUE FALSEgenatus. Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) genatus Santschi, 1922c: 114, fig. 2 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus geralensis TRUE TRUE FALSEgeralensis. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macrocephalus subsp. geralensis Emery, 1920c: 36 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Junior synonym of macrocephalus Emery: Kempf, 1968b: 408. First available replacement name for macrocephalus Emery, 1894c: 169 [junior secondary homonym of macrocephala Erichson, 1842: 259], raised to species and senior synonym of luederwaldti: Shattuck & McArthur, 1995: 122.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus germaini TRUE TRUE FALSEgermaini. Camponotus germaini Emery, 1903: 71, fig. 6 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Santschi, 1921f: 311; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155. Senior synonym of tacuruensis: Wild, 2007b: 50.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Camponotus goeldii Forel, 1894d: 43, pl. 2, fig. 5 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus heathi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
heathi. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) heathi Mann, 1916: 481, pl. 5, figs. 40, 41 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmodirachis): Emery, 1925b: 168. See also: Kempf, 1975c: 377. Current subspecies: nominal plus gilvigaster.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus hedwigae TRUE TRUE FALSEhedwigae. Camponotus hedwigae Forel, 1912i: 79 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 166. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 423; Kempf, 1968b: 406.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus hermanni TRUE TRUE FALSEhermanni. Camponotus hermanni Emery, 1911a: 221 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Camponotus iheringi Forel, 1908c: 412 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1920b: 260. [Frequently misspelled as jheringi, for example by Emery, 1925b: 165.] Senior synonym of bajulus: Wild, 2007b: 47.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus iridis TRUE TRUE FALSEiridis. Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) iridis Santschi, 1922c: 115 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus koseritzi TRUE TRUE FALSEkoseritzi. Camponotus tenuiscapus r. koseritzi Emery, 1888c: 366 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Bruch, 1914: 229; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Subspecies of tenuiscapus: Forel, 1901h: 70. Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 237; Emery, 1894g: 375; Forel, 1895b: 103; Emery, 1903: 68; Kempf, 1972a: 68.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lancifer TRUE TRUE FALSElancifer. Camponotus lancifer Emery, 1894c: 172, pl. 1, fig. 4 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmotemnus): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmosphincta): Forel, 1914a: 273; Emery, 1925b: 151.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lenkoi TRUE TRUE FALSElenkoi. Camponotus (Myrmothrix) lenkoi Kempf, 1960e: 398, figs. 10-12 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Hashmi, 1973: 116.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus leptocephalus TRUE TRUE FALSEleptocephalus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) leptocephalus Emery, 1923: 62, fig. 3 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmostenus): Mackay, 1997: 197.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus leydigi TRUE TRUE FALSEleydigi. Camponotus leydigi Forel, 1886f: 169 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1920b: 256. Senior synonym of nobilis: Emery, 1925b: 153.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lutzi TRUE TRUE FALSElutzi. Camponotus lutzi Forel, 1905b: 169 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macrochaeta TRUE TRUE FALSEmacrochaeta. Camponotus macrochaeta Emery, 1903: 78 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mocsaryi TRUE TRUE FALSEmocsaryi. Camponotus mocsaryi Forel, 1902b: 178 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1903: 79 (q.). Combination in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1920b: 256; in C. (Myrmoplatypus): Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus moelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEmoelleri. Camponotus moelleri Forel, 1912i: 83 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus naegelii TRUE TRUE FALSEnaegelii. Camponotus naegelii Forel, 1879a: 84 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155. Subspecies of fastigatus: Forel, 1886f: 172; Emery, 1894g: 376. Revived status as species: Emery, 1903: 65.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus nepos TRUE TRUE FALSEnepos. Camponotus nepos Forel, 1912i: 75 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus nidulans TRUE TRUE FALSEnidulans. Formica nidulans Smith, F. 1860c: 69 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 672; in Dendromyrmex: Emery, 1896d: 378; in C. (Dendromyrmex): Fernández, 2002: 65. Senior synonym of acoma, fabricii, felis, io, mamoreensis, niger, nigripes, pictus, rufescens, vestita: Fernández, 2002: 65.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus opaciceps TRUE TRUE FALSEopaciceps. Camponotus opaciceps Roger, 1863a: 141 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Emery, 1925b: 108. Junior synonym of esuriens: Emery, 1896d: 372. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of abdominalis: Forel, 1897b: 297. Revived status as species: Emery, 1925b: 108. Status uncertain: Hashmi, 1973: 122.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus orthocephalus TRUE TRUE FALSEorthocephalus. Camponotus orthocephalus Emery, 1894c: 169 (s.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1920c: 37 (q.); Menozzi, 1927d: 339 (w.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 90; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259. See also: Kempf, 1968b: 410.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pallescens TRUE TRUE FALSEpallescens. Camponotus pallescens Mayr, 1887: 512 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1968: 219 (l.). Combination in C. (Camponotus): Forel, 1914a: 266; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1960f: 453.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus paradoxus TRUE TRUE FALSEparadoxus. Colobopsis paradoxa Mayr, 1866b: 887, pl. 20, fig. 2 (q., not w. as originally stated, see Kempf, 1960f: 460) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 246; in C. (Colobopsis): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Hypercolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 260. Senior synonym of janitor: Kempf, 1960f: 460.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pellitus TRUE TRUE FALSEpellitus. Camponotus pellitus Mayr, 1862: 668 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1866a: 486 (s.w.q.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Bruch, 1914: 229; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 153. Junior synonym of blandus: Emery, 1903: 67. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of blandus: Santschi, 1922c: 111. Revived status as species and senior synonym of scintillans: Wild, 2007b: 45.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus personatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpersonatus. Camponotus personatus Emery, 1894g: 373 (footnote) (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Myrmamblys): Bruch, 1914: 229; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Santschi, 1939e: 330; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156; Kempf, 1972a: 47. Senior synonym of aloysii: Santschi, 1939e: 330.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus propinquus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
propinquus. Camponotus propinquus Mayr, 1887: 517 (w.) BRAZIL. Kusnezov, 1952d: 194 (s.q.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1920c: 46. Senior synonym of paris: Kempf, 1960f: 461. Current subspecies: nominal plus baretoi.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctatus. Camponotus punctatus Forel, 1912i: 76 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269. See also: Hashmi, 1973: 119.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rapax TRUE TRUE FALSErapax. Formica rapax Fabricius, 1804: 398 (w.) BRAZIL. Mann, 1916: 476 (s.). Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1920b: 256; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus reinaldi TRUE TRUE FALSEreinaldi. Camponotus (Myrmosphincta) reinaldi Kempf, 1960f: 456, figs. 36, 37, 39 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rufipes TRUE TRUE FALSErufipes. Formica rufipes Fabricius, 1775: 391 (s.) BRAZIL. Smith, F. 1858b: 44 (w.); Mayr, 1862: 663 (q.m.); Goni et al. 1983: 366 (k.); Mariano et al. 2001: 268 (k.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 663; in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1912i: 91. Senior synonym of herrichi: Roger, 1861b: 164; of merdicola: Dalla Torre, 1893: 250; Forel, 1895b: 104; of alpina, cajurensis, magnifica, subrufescens: Hashmi, 1973: 52.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus scissus TRUE TRUE FALSEscissus. Camponotus scissus Mayr, 1887: 518 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Colobopsis): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Myrmorhachis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 165.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus senex TRUE TRUE FALSEsenex. Formica senex Smith, F. 1858b: 47 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1878: 868 (m.); Forel, 1879a: 96 (s.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 194 (l.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 676; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1912i: 91. Senior synonym of tomentosa: Emery, 1892b: 167. See also: Longino, 2006b: 133.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sericatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsericatus. Camponotus sericatus Mayr, 1887: 515 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269. See also: Kempf, 1960e: 385; Hashmi, 1973: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sericeiventris TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
sericeiventris. Formica sericeiventris Guérin-Méneville, 1838: 205 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1862: 667 (q.); Mariano et al. 2001: 272 (k.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 667; in C. (Myrmolophus): Emery, 1920b: 256; in C. (Myrmepomis): Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1925b: 171. Senior synonym of cuneata: Smith, F. 1858b: 46. Current subspecies: nominal plus holmgreni, otoquensis, pontifex, rex, satrapus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Camponotus silvestrii Emery, 1906c: 193, fig. 47 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Paracolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus socius TRUE TRUE FALSEsocius. Camponotus socius Roger, 1863a: 140 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1879a: 74 (s.); Mayr, 1886d: 422 (q.); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 321 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Senior synonym of osceola: Creighton, 1950a: 379.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus substitutus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
substitutus. Camponotus melanoticus var. substitutus Emery, 1894f: 3 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Bruch, 1914: 229; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Subspecies of landolti: Forel, 1899c: 136; of melanoticus: Emery, 1906c: 188; of maculatus: Santschi, 1916e: 396; of fumidus: Santschi, 1922c: 101. Raised to species: Emery, 1925b: 82; Santschi, 1929d: 313. Senior synonym of multipilis: Wild, 2007b: 49. Current subspecies: nominal plus clarus (unresolved junior homonym), pullulus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus subtruncatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsubtruncatus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) subtruncatus Borgmeier, 1929: 212 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus terbimaculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEterbimaculatus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) terbimaculatus Emery, 1920c: 37 (q.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus termitarius TRUE TRUE FALSEtermitarius. Camponotus punctulatus subsp. termitarius Emery, 1902b: 297 (footnote) (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913l: 249; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. See also: Emery, 1903: 70. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 48.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus testaceus TRUE TRUE FALSEtestaceus. Camponotus extensus subsp. testaceus Emery, 1894f: 3 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84. Raised to species: Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus traili TRUE TRUE FALSEtraili. Camponotus traili Mayr, 1878: 868 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Dendromyrmex: Emery, 1896d: 378; in C. (Dendromyrmex): Fernández, 2002: 76. Senior synonym of madeirensis, romani, rufogaster (and its junior synonym graciliceps): Fernández, 2002: 76.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus trapeziceps TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
trapeziceps. Camponotus trapeziceps Forel, 1908c: 405 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 310 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Santschi, 1921f: 311; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156. Current subspecies: nominal plus prosaicus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus tripartitus TRUE TRUE FALSEtripartitus. Camponotus tripartitus Mayr, 1887: 519 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1912i: 92; in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 423. Provisional senior synonym of collegianus and discussion: Kempf, 1968b: 404.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus vagulus TRUE TRUE FALSEvagulus. Camponotus fastigatus subsp. vagulus Forel, 1908c: 403 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 50.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus vinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEvinosus. Formica vinosa Smith, F. 1858b: 42 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; subgenus indeterminate: Emery, 1925b: 172.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus vittatus TRUE TRUE FALSEvittatus. Camponotus melanoticus var. vittata Forel, 1904c: 49 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1906c: 188 (q.); Solis, Fox, Rossi et al. 2010: 265 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Bruch, 1915: 535; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of fumidus: Santschi, 1922c: 101. Raised to species: Snelling, R.R. 1968b: 351.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus westermanni TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
westermanni. Camponotus westermanni Mayr, 1862: 665 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Santschi, 1922c: 115; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156. Current subspecies: nominal plus fulvicornis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Camponotus (Myrmothrix) wheeleri Mann, 1916: 477, pl. 6, figs. 49-51 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoplatypus): Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus xanthogaster TRUE TRUE FALSExanthogaster. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) xanthogaster Santschi, 1925b: 19 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 73.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus zenon TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
zenon. Camponotus maculatus r. zenon Forel, 1912i: 72 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233. Raised to species: Emery, 1925b: 84. Current subspecies: nominal plus criton.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fastigatus verae TRUE TRUE FALSEverae. Camponotus fastigatus subsp. verae Forel, 1908c: 403 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 311 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1968: 217 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melanoticus valerius TRUE TRUE FALSEvalerius. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) melanoticus st. valerius Santschi, 1922c: 99, fig. 1 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes spengleri TRUE TRUE FALSEspengleri. Camponotus maculatus subsp. spengleri Forel, 1908c: 406 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Currently subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus urichi sculnus TRUE TRUE FALSEsculnus. Camponotus urichi var. sculna Forel, 1904c: 47 (s.w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Emery, 1925b: 152.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fastigatus schmalzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschmalzi. Camponotus fastigatus var. schmalzi Emery, 1894g: 376 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155. Raised to species: Emery, 1903: 73. Currently subspecies of fastigatus: Forel, 1908c: 404; Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus hybridus TRUE TRUE FALSEhybridus. Camponotus tenuiscapus r. hybridus Forel, 1901h: 69 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1915c: 363; Bruch, 1915: 535; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Currently subspecies of punctulatus: Forel, 1915c: 363; Bruch, 1915: 535.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus heathi gilvigaster TRUE TRUE FALSEgilvigaster. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) heathi var. gilvigaster Wheeler, W.M. 1923a: 5 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmodirachis): Emery, 1925b: 168.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis garbei TRUE TRUE FALSEgarbei. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) bonariensis st. garbei Santschi, 1922c: 102 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus westermanni fulvicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEfulvicornis. Camponotus westermanni var. fulvicornis Emery, 1903: 74, fig. 11 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus urichi folicola TRUE TRUE FALSEfolicola. Camponotus urichii r. folicola Forel, 1904c: 47 (s.w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Emery, 1925b: 152.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cameranoi eugaster TRUE TRUE FALSEeugaster. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) cameranoi var. eugaster Santschi, 1922c: 121 (s.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus crassus delabiatus TRUE TRUE FALSEdelabiatus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) crassus var. delabiatus Santschi, 1925d: 247 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus decorus TRUE TRUE FALSEdecorus. Formica decora Smith, F. 1858b: 43 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 4; in C. (Myrmosphincta): Emery, 1925b: 152. Junior synonym of ruficeps: Mayr, 1865: 38; Dalla Torre, 1893: 250. Revived from synonymy: Emery, 1894f: 2; Emery, 1896d: 375. Currently subspecies of sexguttatus: Emery, 1894f: 2; Emery, 1896d: 375; Kempf, 1972a: 58.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus emeryodicatus decessor TRUE TRUE FALSEdecessor. Camponotus emeryodicatus subsp. decessor Forel, 1908c: 413 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmomalis): Emery, 1925b: 169.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis curtulus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurtulus. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) bonariensis st. curtulus Santschi, 1936b: 205 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus basirectus TRUE TRUE FALSEbasirectus. Camponotus sexguttatus subsp. basirectus Wheeler, W.M. 1923c: 7 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Kempf, 1972a: 59.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus simillimus atratior TRUE TRUE FALSEatratior. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) simillimum st. atratior Santschi, 1922c: 98, fig. 1 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus crassus amazonicus TRUE TRUE FALSEamazonicus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) crassus st. amazonicus Santschi, 1922c: 122, fig. 3 (s.w.) BRAZIL. [Misspelled amazonensis by Emery, 1925b: 163.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melanoticus catharinae TRUE TRUE FALSEcatharinae. Camponotus melanoticus var. catharinae Santschi, 1939e: 323 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 69.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brasiliensis clivius TRUE TRUE FALSEclivius. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) crassus var. clivia Emery, 1925b: 163 (w.) BRAZIL. [First available use of Camponotus crassus r. brasiliensis var. clivia Forel, 1912i: 78; unavailable name.] Currently subspecies of brasiliensis: Kempf, 1972a: 50.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sanctaefidei convexinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEconvexinodis. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) sanctaefidei subsp. convexinodis Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 233 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sanctaefidei coronatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcoronatus. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) quadrilaterus st. coronata Santschi, 1922c: 123 (w.) BRAZIL. Currently subspecies of sanctaefidei: Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 232.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus zenon criton TRUE TRUE FALSEcriton. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) zenon var. criton Emery, 1925b: 84 (s.) BRAZIL. [First available use of Camponotus maculatus r. zenon var. criton Forel, 1912i: 73; unavailable name.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cameranoi inlex TRUE TRUE FALSEinlex. Camponotus cameranoi var. inlex Forel, 1901d: 302 (s.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 163.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus punctulatus lillii TRUE TRUE FALSElillii. Camponotus punctulatus subsp. lillii Forel, 1908c: 402 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus alboannulatus nessus TRUE TRUE FALSEnessus. Camponotus alboannulatus r. nessus Forel, 1912i: 81 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 157.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melanoticus paranaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEparanaensis. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) melanoticus var. paranaensis Santschi, 1939e: 322 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bonariensis parvulus TRUE TRUE FALSEparvulus. Camponotus maculatus subsp. parvulus Emery, 1894c: 167 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913l: 248; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Currently subspecies of bonariensis: Emery, 1920b: 233.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus trapeziceps prosaicus TRUE TRUE FALSEprosaicus. Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) trapeziceps var. prosaica Santschi, 1922c: 112 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melanoticus publicola TRUE TRUE FALSEpublicola. Camponotus maculatus r. publicola Forel, 1912i: 71 (s.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233. Currently subspecies of melanoticus: Santschi, 1922c: 101; Emery, 1925b: 81; Kempf, 1972a: 69.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cressoni purensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpurensis. Camponotus cressoni var. purensis Forel, 1912i: 84 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus inca rector TRUE TRUE FALSErector. Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) inca st. rector Santschi, 1923d: 68 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bidens repressus TRUE TRUE FALSErepressus. Camponotus bidens r. repressus Forel, 1912i: 79 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 166.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus simillimus riograndensis TRUE TRUE FALSEriograndensis. Camponotus rubripes r. riograndensis Emery, 1888c: 364 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Santschi, 1922c: 97; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 250; Emery, 1894g: 373; Forel, 1895b: 104. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233. Currently subspecies of simillimus: Santschi, 1922c: 97.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara anophthalma TRUE TRUE FALSEanophthalma. Oligomyrmex anophthalmus Emery, 1906c: 138 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Carebara: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 170; Emery, 1924d: 221. Senior synonym of winifredae: Fernández, 2004a: 212.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara brasiliana TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliana. Carebara brasiliana Fernández, 2004a: 227, fig. 11 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara coeca TRUE TRUE FALSEcoeca. Carebara coeca Fernández, 2004a: 219, figs. 6A-C, 14 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara majeri TRUE TRUE FALSEmajeri. Carebara majeri Fernández, 2004a: 231 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara minuta TRUE TRUE FALSEminuta. Carebara minuta Fernández, 2004a: 217, fig. 14 (w) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara nuda TRUE TRUE FALSEnuda. Carebara nuda Fernández, 2004a: 231, figs. 8I, 11 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara pilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosa. Carebara pilosa Fernández, 2004a: 227, figs. 8D-E, 11 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara tenua TRUE TRUE FALSEtenua. Carebara tenua Fernández, 2004a: 223, figs. 7A-B, 14 (s.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebarella alvarengai TRUE TRUE FALSEalvarengai. Carebarella alvarengai Kempf, 1975c: 352, figs. 6-8 (q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebarella condei TRUE TRUE FALSEcondei. Carebarella (Carebarelloides) condei Borgmeier, 1937b: 236, figs. 17-20, 22-24, pl. 2, figs. 2, 3 (q.m.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Centromyrmex brachycola TRUE TRUE FALSEbrachycola. Ponera brachycola Roger, 1861a: 5 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1906c: 114 (w.). Combination in Centromyrmex: Emery, 1890a: 74; Emery, 1890b: 40 (footnote). Senior synonym of bohemanni,paulina: Kempf, 1967b: 405.
Ponerinae Ponerini Centromyrmex gigas TRUE TRUE FALSEgigas. Centromyrmex gigas Forel, 1911c: 287 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1937b: 223 (q.). See also: Kempf, 1967b: 407.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes adolphi TRUE TRUE FALSEadolphi. Cryptocerus adolphi Emery, 1906c: 172, fig. 33 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 86; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 733. See also: Kempf, 1960f: 439.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes angustus TRUE TRUE FALSEangustus. Cryptocerus angustus Mayr, 1862: 759 (s.q.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 566 (w.m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 20; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 319. Senior synonym of clarior: Kempf, 1958a: 74; of ruficeps: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 700.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes basalis TRUE TRUE FALSEbasalis. Cryptocerus basalis Smith, F. 1876d: 608 (q.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 273 (m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 232; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 269. Senior synonym of multispinus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 269.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes betoi TRUE TRUE FALSEbetoi. Cephalotes betoi De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 347, figs. 153, 154, 386 (s.w.) BRAZIL. [Cephalotes betoi Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326. Nomen nudum.]
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes conspersus TRUE TRUE FALSEconspersus. Cryptocerus conspersus Smith, F. 1867: 523, pl. 26, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 232; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 697. Senior synonym of variegata: Kempf, 1958d: 108.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes cordatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcordatus. Cryptocerus cordatus Smith, F. 1853: 220, pl. 21, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 202 (s.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 213; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 317. Senior synonym of boliviensis: Kempf, 1951: 213.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes cordiae TRUE TRUE FALSEcordiae. Cryptocerus cordiae Stitz, 1913: 207, fig. 1 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1951: 201 (q.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 245 (m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 199; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 242.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes depressus TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressus. Cryptocerus depressus Klug, 1824: 204 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1906c: 170 (s.q.m.); Forel, 1906d: 235 (q.m.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 355 (m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 218; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 352. Junior synonym of pavonii: Roger, 1861b: 173; Forel, 1895b: 134. Revived from synonymy: Forel, 1912e: 200. Senior synonym of sorocabensis: Kempf, 1951: 218.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes duckei TRUE TRUE FALSEduckei. Cryptocerus duckei Forel, 1906d: 233, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 189 (q.m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 231; in Zacryptocerus: Kempf, 1974a: 69; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 186. See also: Kempf, 1967e: 363.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes frigidus TRUE TRUE FALSEfrigidus. Paracryptocerus (Harnedia) frigidus Kempf, 1960f: 440, fig. 19 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 731 (s.q.). Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 729.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Cryptocerus goeldii Forel, 1912e: 205 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 724 (s.q.m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 93; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 722.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes grandinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEgrandinosus. Cryptocerus grandinosus Smith, F. 1860c: 76, pl. 4, fig. 5 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 219 (s.q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Santschi, 1919f: 47; in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1952: 11; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 433. Junior synonym of pinelii: Emery, 1890b: 75; Forel, 1895b: 134. Revived from synonymy: Luederwaldt, 1918: 41. Senior synonym of nevadensis: Kempf, 1952: 11.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes inaequalis TRUE TRUE FALSEinaequalis. Cryptocerus (Cryptocerus) inaequalis Mann, 1916: 449 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 228 (s.q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 163; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 227.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes jheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEjheringi. Cryptocerus jheringi Emery, 1894c: 205, pl. 3, figs. 13, 14 (s.w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 384 (footnote).] De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 632 (m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kusnezov, 1953b: 338; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 626. Senior synonym of ellenriederi, peltatus and material of the unavailable names gaudens, jocans referred here: Kempf, 1958a: 50.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes klugi TRUE TRUE FALSEklugi. Cryptocerus klugi Emery, 1894c: 210, pl. 4, figs. 27, 28 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 139; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 440.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes laminatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaminatus. Cryptocerus laminatus Smith, F. 1860c: 76, pl. 4, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 203 (s.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 233 (s.q.m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 164; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 231.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes liepini TRUE TRUE FALSEliepini. Cephalotes liepini De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 398, figs. 179, 180 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes maculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEmaculatus. Cryptocerus maculatus Smith, F. 1876d: 607, pl. 11, fig. 6 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 208 (s.w.); Forel, 1905b: 158 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 156 (l.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1952: 18; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 375. Senior synonym of nanus and material of the nomen nudum cearensis referred here: Kempf, 1952: 19; of magdalenensis: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 375. See also: Forel, 1911e: 258; Menozzi, 1927d: 336.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Paracryptocerus (Paracryptocerus) manni Kempf, 1951: 228, fig. 127, 128 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 387; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 237.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes membranaceus TRUE TRUE FALSEmembranaceus. Cryptocerus membranaceus Klug, 1824: 208 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1973c: 453 (s.q.). Combination in Cephalotes: Emery, 1914c: 39; in Zacryptocerus: Emery, 1915i: 192; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 294. Senior synonym of fervidus: Kempf, 1958a: 135. See also: Kempf, 1951: 141.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes nilpiei TRUE TRUE FALSEnilpiei. Cephalotes nilpiei De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 381, figs. 169, 170 (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes notatus TRUE TRUE FALSEnotatus. Cryptocerus notatus Mayr, 1866b: 907, pl. 20, fig. 16 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 140; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 387; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 717. Senior synonym of fleddermanni: Kempf, 1967e: 367.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes oculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEoculatus. Cryptocerus oculatus Spinola, 1851b: 49 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Spinola, 1853: 65.] De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 141 (q.m.). Combination in Cephalotes: Emery, 1914c: 39; in Eucryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 130; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 141. Senior synonym of aethiops: Smith, F. 1858b: 188.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pallens TRUE TRUE FALSEpallens. Cryptocerus pallens Klug, 1824: 206 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 212 (s.q.); Emery, 1896h: 635 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973b: 79 (l.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Cryptocerus (Cyathomyrmex): Creighton, 1933: 100; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 387; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 493. Senior synonym of araneolus, discocephalus: Emery, 1894c: 212; Kempf, 1958a: 151.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pallidoides TRUE TRUE FALSEpallidoides. Cephalotes pallidoides De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 480, figs. 222-224 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes patellaris TRUE TRUE FALSEpatellaris. Cryptocerus patellaris Mayr, 1866b: 907, pl. 20, fig. 15 (q.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 468 (s.w.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Emery, 1924d: 311; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 467. Subspecies of pallens: Emery, 1894c: 213. Junior synonym of pallens: Kempf, 1958a: 151. Revived from synonymy: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 467.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes persimilis TRUE TRUE FALSEpersimilis. Cephalotes persimilis De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 441, figs. 201-204 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pinelii TRUE TRUE FALSEpinelii. Cryptocerus pinelii Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 425 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1890b: 75 (s.q.); Emery, 1894c: 208 (s.); Forel, 1908c: 354 (m.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 391 (m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Santschi, 1916e: 283; in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1952: 22; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 390.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes placidus TRUE TRUE FALSEplacidus. Cryptocerus placidus Smith, F. 1860c: 76 (m.) BRAZIL. Snelling, R.R. 1966: 38 (w.q.). Combination in Cephalotes: Emery, 1924d: 304; in Eucryptocerus: Kempf, 1959a: 92; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 156. Senior synonym of fenestralis: Kempf, 1963c: 437.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pusillus TRUE TRUE FALSEpusillus. Cryptocerus pusillus Klug, 1824: 202 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1890b: 75 (s.q.); Emery, 1896h: 636 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 156 (l.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 176; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 316; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 172. Senior synonym of elongatus: Roger, 1862c: 297; of obtusus: Forel, 1911e: 262; of caustica: Emery, 1924d: 307; of brevispinosa and material of the unavailable name rufescens referred here: Kempf, 1951: 176.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes ramiphilus TRUE TRUE FALSEramiphilus. Cryptocerus complanatus r. ramiphilus Forel, 1904e: 678 (s.w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 251 (q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 196; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 247. Raised to species: Kempf, 1967e: 362.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes serraticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEserraticeps. Cryptocerus serraticeps Smith, F. 1858b: 188, pl. 11, fig. 7 (q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1983: 607 (l.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 133 (s.w.q.m.). Combination in Eucryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 132; in Cephalotes: Kempf, 1963c: 437.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes solidus TRUE TRUE FALSEsolidus. Zacryptocerus solidus Kempf, 1974a: 73, figs. 3, 4 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 183.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes spinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEspinosus. Cryptocerus spinosus Mayr, 1862: 761 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911e: 260 (s.); Kempf, 1951: 187 (q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 187; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 220. Senior synonym of punctatus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 144; Emery, 1924d: 308; of peruvianus: Kempf, 1967e: 361.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes targionii TRUE TRUE FALSEtargionii. Cryptocerus targionii Emery, 1894c: 205, pl. 3, figs. 15, 16 (s.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1958a: 98 (q.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 690. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 94; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 684. Senior synonym of denticulatus: Kempf, 1958a: 94. Junior synonym of conspersus: Kempf, 1958d: 108. Revived from synonymy: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 684.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes unimaculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEunimaculatus. Cryptocerus unimaculatus Smith, F. 1853: 221, pl. 19, fig. 9 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 101 (m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 308; in Hypocryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 151; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 100. Senior synonym of steinheili: Kempf, 1951: 151; of signatus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 100. Subspecies of haemorrhoidalis: Kempf, 1951: 151. Revived status as species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 100.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes ustus TRUE TRUE FALSEustus. Zacryptocerus ustus Kempf, 1973c: 450, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 284 (s.). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 283.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys splendens TRUE TRUE FALSEsplendens. Cerapachys splendens Borgmeier, 1957: 107, figs. 14-17 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster amapaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEamapaensis. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) amapaensis Kempf, 1960e: 394, figs. 7-9 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster bingo TRUE TRUE FALSEbingo. Crematogaster bingo Forel, 1908c: 368 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Eucrema): Santschi, 1922d: 244.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
brasiliensis. Crematogaster brasiliensis Mayr, 1878: 875 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912f: 217 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Senior synonym of armandi, cocciphila, inca, ludio: Longino, 2003a: 37. Current subspecies: nominal plus arawak.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster carinata TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinata. Crematogaster carinata Mayr, 1862: 768 (w.) BRAZIL. Longino, 2003a: 46 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Senior synonym of parabiotica: Longino, 2003a: 44.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster clydia TRUE TRUE FALSEclydia. Crematogaster clydia Forel, 1912f: 219 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 142; in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster corticicola TRUE TRUE FALSEcorticicola. Crematogaster distans var. corticicola Mayr, 1887: 625 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135; in C. (Neocrema): Kempf, 1972a: 83. Subspecies of curvispinosa: Forel, 1895b: 131; of distans: Emery, 1906c: 139. Raised to species, senior synonym of rugiceps and material of the unavailable name pullipes referred here: Kempf, 1968b: 394.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster crinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEcrinosa. Crematogaster crinosa Mayr, 1862: 767 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 627 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Senior synonym of brevispinosa, chathamensis, minutior, recurvispina, sampaioi, schuppi, striatinota, townsendi and material of the unavailable name semisericea referred here: Longino, 2003a: 49.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster cristata TRUE TRUE FALSEcristata. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) cristata Santschi, 1929d: 294 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of terricola: Kempf, 1968b: 384.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster curvispinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvispinosa. Crematogaster curvispinosa Mayr, 1862: 768 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 301 (q.); Forel, 1912f: 216 (m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Senior synonym of fuliginea: Santschi, 1929f: 88; of accola, antillana, kemali, obscura, panamana, phytoeca, sculpturata: Longino, 2003a: 55.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster dorsidens TRUE TRUE FALSEdorsidens. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) dorsidens Santschi, 1925d: 233 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster egregior TRUE TRUE FALSEegregior. Crematogaster longispina subsp. egregior Forel, 1912f: 218 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Raised to species: Kempf, 1970a: 332.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster evallans TRUE TRUE FALSEevallans. Crematogaster evallans Forel, 1907e: 6 (footnote) (w., not q. as stated) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912f: 218 (w.). Combination in C. (Eucrema): Emery, 1922e: 137. Senior synonym of carbonescens: Longino, 2003a: 66.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Crematogaster goeldii Forel, 1903c: 255 (w.) BRAZIL. Gallardo, 1931b: 300 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Subspecies of torosa: Santschi, 1925d: 229; Santschi, 1929d: 294; Gallardo, 1931b: 300. Revived status as species: Longino, 2003a: 130.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster heathi TRUE TRUE FALSEheathi. Crematogaster (Crematogaster) heathi Mann, 1916: 442, pl. 3, fig. 27 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. See also: Longino, 2003a: 130.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
iheringi. Crematogaster iheringi Forel, 1908c: 366 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Gallardo, 1934: 34 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Current subspecies: nominal plus bosqi, nemesis.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster laevis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
laevis. Crematogaster laevis Mayr, 1878: 876 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Current subspecies: nominal plus bruesi.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster levior TRUE TRUE FALSElevior. Crematogaster levior Longino, 2003a: 132 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster limata TRUE TRUE FALSElimata. Crematogaster limatus Smith, F. 1858b: 139 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 151. Senior synonym of ascendens, dextella, palans: Longino, 2003a: 79.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster lutzi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
lutzi. Crematogaster lutzi Forel, 1905b: 167 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 301 (m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Current subspecies: nominal plus florida.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster magnifica TRUE TRUE FALSEmagnifica. Crematogaster (Neocrema) magnifica Santschi, 1925d: 234 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of nociva: Kempf, 1968b: 385.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster moelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEmoelleri. Crematogaster brevispinosa r. moelleri Forel, 1912f: 214 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Longino, 2003a: 88 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134; Santschi, 1923c: 250. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 86.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster montana TRUE TRUE FALSEmontana. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) brevispinosa subsp. montana Borgmeier, 1939: 421 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 131.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster nitidiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEnitidiceps. Crematogaster victima var. nitidiceps Emery, 1895c: 288 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Subspecies of victima: Forel, 1911e: 274. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 51.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster parallela TRUE TRUE FALSEparallela. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) parallela Santschi, 1925b: 14 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster peristerica TRUE TRUE FALSEperisterica. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) peristericus Menozzi, 1925b: 369, fig. 2 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Longino, 2003a: 129.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster pygmaea TRUE TRUE FALSEpygmaea. Crematogaster pygmaea Forel, 1904c: 37 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Subspecies of brevispinosa: Forel, 1909a: 259. Revived status as species: Forel, 1912f: 235; Emery, 1922e: 135. Junior synonym of abstinens: Longino, 2003a: 30. Revived from synonymy: Quinet, Hamidi, et al. 2009: 45.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster quadriformis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
quadriformis. Crematogaster quadriformis Roger, 1863a: 207 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182. Senior synonym of gracilior, vezenyii: Wild, 2007b: 52.Current subspecies: nominal plus roveretoi.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster rochai TRUE TRUE FALSErochai. Crematogaster rochai Forel, 1903c: 255 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Subspecies of brevispinosa: Forel, 1912f: 213; Gallardo, 1934: 21. Revived status as species: Longino, 2003a: 102. Senior synonym of malevolens: Wild, 2007b: 52.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster rudis TRUE TRUE FALSErudis. Crematogaster rudis Emery, 1894g: 395 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Subspecies of quadriformis: Forel, 1913l: 234; Bruch, 1914: 219. Revived status as species: Emery, 1922e: 135; Kempf, 1972a: 89.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sericea TRUE TRUE FALSEsericea. Crematogaster brevispinosa r. sericea Forel, 1912f: 214 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134; Santschi, 1923c: 249. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 129.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster stigmatica TRUE TRUE FALSEstigmatica. Crematogaster goeldii var. stigmatica Forel, 1911c: 301 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Subspecies of torosa: Bolton, 1995b: 163. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 130.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster subtonsa TRUE TRUE FALSEsubtonsa. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) brevispinosa var. subtonsa Santschi, 1925d: 229 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 131.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster tenuicula TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuicula. Crematogaster longispina r. tenuicula Forel, 1904c: 36 (w.) BRAZIL. Longino, 2003a: 119 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 118.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster unciata TRUE TRUE FALSEunciata. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) unciata Santschi, 1925d: 228 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Longino, 2003a: 130.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster victima TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
victima. Crematogaster victima Smith, F. 1858b: 140 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1870b: 995 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973a: 30 (l.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136; Santschi, 1925d: 231. Current subspecies: nominal plus allegrensis.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster scelerata taperensis TRUE TRUE FALSEtaperensis. Crematogaster (Neocrema) scelerata var. taperensis Borgmeier, 1937b: 234 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster lutzi florida TRUE TRUE FALSEflorida. Crematogaster lutzi var. florida Forel, 1908c: 369 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster victima alegrensis TRUE TRUE FALSEalegrensis. Crematogaster victima r. alegrensis Forel, 1901d: 300 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Cryptomyrmex longinodus TRUE TRUE FALSElonginodus. Adelomyrmex longinodus Fernández & Brandão, in Fernández, 2003b: 20, figs. 57-61, 64, 74 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Cryptomyrmex: Fernández, 2004b: 332.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Cylindromyrmex brasiliensis Emery, 1901a: 53 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1937b: 218 (q.). See also: De Andrade, 1998a: 589.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex brevitarsus TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevitarsus. Cylindromyrmex brevitarsus Santschi, 1925b: 5 (w.) BRAZIL. De Andrade, 1998a: 625 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Hypocylindromyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 91. See also: Brown, 1975: 38.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex longiceps TRUE TRUE FALSElongiceps. Cylindromyrmex longiceps André, 1892a: 47 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1968b: 372 (q.); De Andrade, 2001: 57 (m.). Combination in C. (Hypocylindromyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 106. See also: Brown, 1975: 38; De Andrade, 1998a: 642.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex auritus TRUE TRUE FALSEauritus. Cyphomyrmex auritus Mayr, 1887: 559 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 9.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex bicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEbicornis. Cyphomyrmex bicornis Forel, 1895j: 179 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1966: 177.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbigibbosus. Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery, 1894c: 226 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 670 (l.). Senior synonym of tumulus: Kempf, 1972a: 92. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 20.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex lectus TRUE TRUE FALSElectus. Atta (Cyphomyrmex) olitrix subsp. lecta Forel, 1911c: 295 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Cyphomyrmex: Luederwaldt, 1918: 39. Raised to species: Kempf, 1964d: 36.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex occultus TRUE TRUE FALSEoccultus. Cyphomyrmex occultus Kempf, 1964d: 41, figs. 37-39 (q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex olitor TRUE TRUE FALSEolitor. Cyphomyrmex olitor Forel, 1893e: 605 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 670 (l.). Combination in Atta (Cyphomyrmex), with unjustified emendation of spelling to olitrix: Forel, 1911c: 295; in Cyphomyrmex: Luederwaldt, 1918: 39. Senior synonym of quebradae: Kempf, 1964d: 30.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex paniscus TRUE TRUE FALSEpaniscus. Cyphomyrmex paniscus Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 42 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 18.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex peltatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpeltatus. Cyphomyrmex peltatus Kempf, 1966: 181, figs. 13, 20, 35, 50 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex plaumanni TRUE TRUE FALSEplaumanni. Cyphomyrmex plaumanni Kempf, 1962b: 31, figs. 29-31 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1964d: 16.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex rimosus TRUE TRUE FALSErimosus. Cryptocerus rimosus Spinola, 1851b: 49 (w.m.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Spinola, 1853: 65.] Emery, 1894c: 224 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 668 (l.). Combination in Cyphomyrmex: Emery, 1893h: 2; in Atta (Cyphomyrmex): Forel, 1912e: 188; in Cyphomyrmex: Bruch, 1914: 217. Senior synonym of difformis: Forel, 1893e: 607; Emery, 1894c: 224; of cochunae, fuscus (and its junior synonyms curiapensis, fuscula): Snelling & Longino, 1992: 491. See also: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1410.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex strigatus TRUE TRUE FALSEstrigatus. Cyphomyrmex strigatus Mayr, 1887: 558 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1893e: 606 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 669 (l.). See also: Kempf, 1964d: 14.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex transversus TRUE TRUE FALSEtransversus. Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. transversus Emery, 1894c: 226 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Kempf, 1966: 193. Senior synonym of olindanus: Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 723; Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 45; of pencosensis: Kempf, 1966: 193.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Daceton armigerum TRUE TRUE FALSEarmigerum. Formica armigera Latreille, 1802c: 244, pl. 9, fig. 58 (w.) BRAZIL. Smith, F. 1853: 226 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 122 (l.). Combination in Daceton: Perty, 1833: 136. Senior synonym of cordata: Roger, 1862c: 290. See also: Wilson, 1962b: 401; Bolton, 2000: 18; Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo, 2008: 30.
Ponerinae Ponerini Dinoponera gigantea TRUE TRUE FALSEgigantea. Ponera gigantea Perty, 1833: 135, pl. 27, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1971: 372 (m.). Combination in Dinoponera: Roger, 1861a: 38. Senior synonym of grandis: Roger, 1861a: 38; Kempf, 1971: 371.
Ponerinae Ponerini Dinoponera lucida TRUE TRUE FALSElucida. Dinoponera grandis subsp. lucida Emery, 1901a: 48 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Kempf, 1971: 376.
Ponerinae Ponerini Dinoponera mutica TRUE TRUE FALSEmutica. Dinoponera grandis subsp. mutica Emery, 1901a: 48 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 607 (l.). Raised to species: Kempf, 1971: 378.
Ponerinae Ponerini Dinoponera quadriceps TRUE TRUE FALSEquadriceps. Dinoponera quadriceps Kempf, 1971: 380 (w.) BRAZIL. [First available use of Dinoponera grandis st. mutica var. quadriceps Santschi, 1921g: 84; unavailable name.] Senior synonym of opaca: Kempf, 1975c: 344.
Ponerinae Ponerini Dinoponera australis nigricolor TRUE TRUE FALSEnigricolor. Dinoponera australis subsp. nigricolor Borgmeier, 1937b: 228, figs. 5, 6, 8 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1971: 387.
Ponerinae Ponerini Dinoponera australis bucki TRUE TRUE FALSEbucki. Dinoponera australis subsp. bucki Borgmeier, 1937b: 228, figs. 7, 8 (w.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1971: 386.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Discothyrea sexarticulata TRUE TRUE FALSEsexarticulata. Discothyrea sexarticulata Borgmeier, 1954a: 191, figs. 1-9 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Sosa-Calvo & Longino, 2008: 227.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus abruptus TRUE TRUE FALSEabruptus. Formica abrupta Smith, F. 1858b: 45 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay, 1993b: 32 (q.m.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Mayr, 1863: 423; Kempf, 1972a: 118; in Dolichoderus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; in Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Junior synonym of bidens: Roger, 1862b: 285. Revived from synonymy: Mayr, 1863: 423. Senior synonym of ursus: Mackay, 1993b: 33.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus attelaboides TRUE TRUE FALSEattelaboides. Formica attelaboides Fabricius, 1775: 394 (w.) BRAZIL. Smith, F. 1858b: 75 (q.m.); Mayr, 1865: 59 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 178 (l.). Combination in Dolichoderus: Lund, 1831a: 130. Senior synonym of pulla: Kempf, 1969: 289; of heterogaster, imbecillus: Mackay, 1993b: 35. See also: Shattuck, 1994: 42.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus cogitans TRUE TRUE FALSEcogitans. Dolichoderus bidens r. cogitans Forel, 1912h: 34 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 119; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Raised to species: Mackay, 1993b: 44.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus ferrugineus TRUE TRUE FALSEferrugineus. Dolichoderus bidens r. ferrugineus Forel, 1903c: 258 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay, 1993b: 56 (q.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 119; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Raised to species and senior synonym of inferior: Mackay, 1993b: 56.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus gagates TRUE TRUE FALSEgagates. Dolichoderus gagates Emery, 1890a: 69 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in D. (Monacis): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 251; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Kempf, 1959b: 251; Mackay, 1993b: 57.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus germaini TRUE TRUE FALSEgermaini. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) germaini Emery, 1894c: 237 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974b: 397 (l.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 119; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 57.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus ghilianii TRUE TRUE FALSEghilianii. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) ghilianii Emery, 1894c: 238, pl. 1, fig. 15 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay, 1993b: 59 (q.m.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1969: 293; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mann, 1916: 465; Mackay, 1993b: 58.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus haradae TRUE TRUE FALSEharadae. Dolichoderus haradae Mackay, 1993b: 60, fig. 158 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus imitator TRUE TRUE FALSEimitator. Dolichoderus (Dolichoderus) imitator Emery, 1894c: 230, pl. 1, fig. 12 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 61.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus inpai TRUE TRUE FALSEinpai. Monacis inpai Harada, 1987: 600, figs. 1, 2 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 64.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus lobicornis TRUE TRUE FALSElobicornis. Monacis lobicornis Kempf, 1959b: 267, pl. 1, fig. 10; pl. 2, fig. 13 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 69.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus luederwaldti TRUE TRUE FALSEluederwaldti. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) luederwaldti Santschi, 1921g: 100 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1969: 293; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 71.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus lujae TRUE TRUE FALSElujae. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) luederwaldti st. lujae Santschi, 1923c: 269 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 120; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Raised to species: Mackay, 1993b: 73.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus lutosus TRUE TRUE FALSElutosus. Formica lutosa Smith, F. 1858b: 42 (w.) BRAZIL. Mann, 1916: 468 (q.m.). Combination in Dolichoderus: Mayr, 1886c: 356; in D. (Hypoclinea): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 120; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of cingulata: Mayr, 1886c: 356. Senior synonym of nigriventris and material of the nomen nudum ruficauda referred here: Mackay, 1993b: 74.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus mesonotalis TRUE TRUE FALSEmesonotalis. Dolichoderus mesonotalis Forel, 1907a: 26 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay, 1993b: 77 (m.). Combination in D. (Hypoclinea): Emery, 1913a: 12; in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 120; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of grandii, simplex: Mackay, 1993b: 77.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus omacanthus TRUE TRUE FALSEomacanthus. Monacis omacantha Kempf, 1972c: 251, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 80.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus rufescens TRUE TRUE FALSErufescens. Dolichoderus (Monacis) debilis var. rufescens Mann, 1912: 40 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 252; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Raised to species: Kempf, 1959b: 252. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 90.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus rugosus TRUE TRUE FALSErugosus. Polyrhachis rugosus Smith, F. 1858b: 74 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay, 1993b: 91 (q.m.). Combination in Dolichoderus: Mayr, 1886c: 357.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus schulzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschulzi. Dolichoderus (Monacis) schulzi Emery, 1894c: 233 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1959b: 255 (q.); Mackay, 1993b: 92 (m.). Combination in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 254; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of biolleyi, columbica: Kempf, 1959b: 254.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus septemspinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEseptemspinosus. Dolichoderus (Monacis) septemspinosus Emery, 1894c: 231 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 237; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 93.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus setosus TRUE TRUE FALSEsetosus. Monacis setosa Kempf, 1959b: 267, pl. 2, fig. 8; pl. 4, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus spinicollis TRUE TRUE FALSEspinicollis. Formica spinicollis Latreille, 1817: 99, pl. 38, figs. 6-12 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Monacis: Roger, 1862a: 234; Kempf, 1959b: 232; in Hypoclinea: Mayr, 1862: 708; in Dolichoderus (Monacis): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Dolichoderus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 161; Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Kempf, 1959b: 232; Mackay, 1993b: 97.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus tristis TRUE TRUE FALSEtristis. Dolichoderus (Monacis) tristis Mann, 1916: 463, pl. 2, fig. 17 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 256; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 103.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus varians TRUE TRUE FALSEvarians. Dolichoderus (Monacis) varians Mann, 1916: 462 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 261; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 105.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus voraginosus TRUE TRUE FALSEvoraginosus. Dolichoderus voraginosus Mackay, 1993b: 106, figs, 49, 51, 72 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
goeldii. Dorymyrmex goeldii Forel, 1904c: 41 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in D. (Ammomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Current subspecies: nominal plus dubius, fumigatus.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex jheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEjheringi. Dorymyrmex jheringi Forel, 1912h: 39 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1913l: 243 (in text); in D. (Ammomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus TRUE TRUE FALSE8 subspecies
pyramicus. Prenolepis pyramica Roger, 1863a: 160 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1888c: 362 (m.); Gallardo, 1916a: 56 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 183 (l.); Goni, et al. 1983: 366 (k.). Combination in Dorymyrmex: Mayr, 1870b: 947; in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1913l: 244; in Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Current subspecies: nominal plus albemarlensis, alticonis, garbei, guyanensis, mesonotalis, nigriventris, peruvianus, rubriceps. See also: Emery, 1895c: 331; Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 4.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus rubriceps TRUE TRUE FALSErubriceps. Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. rubriceps Forel, 1912h: 36 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus garbei TRUE TRUE FALSEgarbei. Dorymyrmex pyramicus subsp. garbei Forel, 1911c: 306 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Gallardo, 1916a: 61 (m.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Gallardo, 1916a: 60; in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79. Junior synonym of pyramicus: Santschi, 1922b: 372. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of pyramicus: Santschi, 1925d: 245.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex goeldii fumigatus TRUE TRUE FALSEfumigatus. Dorymyrmex goeldii subsp. fumigatus Forel, 1908c: 385 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex goeldii dubius TRUE TRUE FALSEdubius. Dorymyrmex goeldii var. dubius Forel, 1912h: 38 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus alticonis TRUE TRUE FALSEalticonis. Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. alticonis Forel, 1912h: 36 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton burchellii TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
burchellii. Labidus burchellii Westwood, 1842: 74, pl. 20, fig. 1 (m.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1896g: 39 (s.w.); Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 304 (q.); Emery, 1899c: 6 (l.). Combination in Eciton: Emery, 1890b: 39. Current subspecies: nominal plus cupiens, foreli, parvispinum, urichi. See also: Borgmeier, 1939: 404; Borgmeier, 1955: 178; Wheeler, G.C. 1943: 328; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974c: 169; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 270.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton drepanophorum TRUE TRUE FALSEdrepanophorum. Eciton drepanophorum Smith, F. 1858b: 149 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Junior synonym of hamatum: Mayr, 1886b: 117; Forel, 1899c: 23; Emery, 1910b: 21. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of hamatum: Santschi, 1921g: 89. Revived status as species: Borgmeier, 1936: 52. Senior synonym of bellicosum: Borgmeier, 1936: 52; of ferox, quitensis: Borgmeier, 1953: 13 and :9 respectively. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 223.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton dulcium TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
dulcium. Eciton quadriglume r. dulcius Forel, 1912c: 42 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1939: 406 (m.); Borgmeier, 1955: 203 (s.q.). Combination in E. (Holopone): Santschi, 1925b: 11. Raised to species: Santschi, 1921g: 90; Borgmeier, 1939: 406. Senior synonym of hirsutum (and its junior synonym jujuyensis): Borgmeier, 1948b: 459. Current subspecies: nominal plus crassinode. See also: Borgmeier, 1953: 9; Borgmeier, 1955: 203.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton quadriglume TRUE TRUE FALSEquadriglume. Atta quadriglumis Haliday, 1836: 328 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1886b: 122 (s.); Emery, 1896g: 38 (m.); Reichensperger, 1924: 203 (q.). Combination in Eciton: Smith, F. 1858b: 151. Junior synonym of rapax: Smith, F. 1858b: 151. Revived from synonymy: Roger, 1863b: 36. Senior synonym of lugubris: Mayr, 1886b: 118; of fargeavii: Emery, 1896g: 38. See also: Borgmeier, 1953: 15; Borgmeier, 1955: 196.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton rapax TRUE TRUE FALSErapax. Eciton rapax Smith, F. 1855c: 163 (s.) BRAZIL. [w. excluded from type-series, see: Borgmeier, 1955: 211.] [In the figure legends of Smith, F. 1855c: 169 the name rapax is misspelled as raptor; incorrect subsequent spelling.] Mayr, 1886b: 118 (w.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974c: 169 (l.); Rettenmeyer, 1974: 297 (q.m.). See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 211; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 270.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton setigaster TRUE TRUE FALSEsetigaster. Eciton setigaster Borgmeier, 1953: 22 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 273.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton mexicanum goianum TRUE TRUE FALSEgoianum. Eciton mexicanum subsp. goianum Borgmeier, 1955: 258, pl. 10, fig. 5; pl. 11, fig. 10; pl. 12, fig. 8; pl. 55, figs. 6, 10 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton vagans fur TRUE TRUE FALSEfur. Eciton vagans subsp. fur Borgmeier, 1955: 245, pl. 19, fig. 20; pl. 20, fig. 2; pl. 21, fig. 10; pl. 22, figs. 7, 15; pl. 63, fig. 4 (s.w.m.) BRAZIL.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton vagans dispar TRUE TRUE FALSEdispar. Eciton vagans subsp. dispar Borgmeier, 1955: 244, pl. 10, fig. 4; pl. 12, fig. 9; pl. 17, fig. 5; pl. 19, fig. 17; pl. 21, figs. 4, 6; pl. 22, figs. 8, 10; pl. 64, fig. 1 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma brunneum TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunneum. Ectatomma brunnea Smith, F. 1858b: 103 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Junior synonym of quadridens: Roger, 1860: 307, and hence first available replacement name for Formica quadridens Fabricius, 1793: 362. [Junior primary homonym of Formica quadridens De Geer, 1773: 609 (now in Cephalotes).]; designated by Bolton, 1995b: 186.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma lugens TRUE TRUE FALSElugens. Ectatomma opaciventre var. lugens Emery, 1894c: 144 (w.) BRAZIL. Almeida, 1987: 177 (q.). Subspecies of strigosum: Forel, 1909a: 265. Raised to species: Brown, 1958g: 208.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma muticum TRUE TRUE FALSEmuticum. Ectatomma muticum Mayr, 1870b: 962 (w.) BRAZIL. Almeida, 1986: 26 (m.); Almeida, 1987: 176 (q.). Subspecies of edentatum: Forel, 1912c: 31. Revived status as species and senior synonym of lobulifera: Brown, 1958g: 208.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma opaciventre TRUE TRUE FALSEopaciventre. Ponera (Ectatomma) opaciventris Roger, 1861b: 169 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1866a: 503 (q.); Almeida, 1986: 27 (m.). Combination in Ectatomma: Emery, 1894c: 144. Senior synonym of concolor: Brown, 1958g: 208.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma permagnum TRUE TRUE FALSEpermagnum. Ectatomma opaciventre var. permagna Forel, 1908c: 342 (w.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1921g: 83 (q.); Almeida, 1986: 28 (m.). Subspecies of strigosum: Forel, 1911c: 286. Raised to species, first available replacement name for strigosum Emery, 1894c: 144 [Junior primary homonym of strigosum Emery, 1887b: 444.], and senior synonym of aerea, confusa: Brown, 1958g: 209. Senior synonym of regis: Kempf, 1962b: 4; Kempf, 1975c: 343. See also: Almeida, 1987: 178.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma planidens TRUE TRUE FALSEplanidens. Ectatomma planidens Borgmeier, 1939: 418 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1960f: 420 (q.). See also: Brown, 1958g: 298; Kempf, 1960f: 418.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma ruidum TRUE TRUE FALSEruidum. Ponera (Ectatomma) ruida Roger, 1860: 306 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1934: 95 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 131 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma: Mayr, 1862: 732. Senior synonym of scabrosa: Roger, 1862c: 292; of aztecum: Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 2.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma suzanae TRUE TRUE FALSEsuzanae. Ectatomma suzanae Almeida, 1986: 24 (m.) BRAZIL. Almeida, 1987: 179 (q.).
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix depressa TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressa. Eurhopalothrix depressa Ketterl, Verhaag & Dietz, 2004: 45, figs. 23 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix lenkoi TRUE TRUE FALSElenkoi. Eurhopalothrix lenkoi Kempf, 1967d: 358, figs. 6, 7 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix speciosa TRUE TRUE FALSEspeciosa. Eurhopalothrix speciosa Brown & Kempf, 1960: 203, figs. 31-33 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix spectabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEspectabilis. Eurhopalothrix spectabilis Kempf, 1962b: 27, figs. 25-27 (q.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1968b: 398 (w.).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius bahianus TRUE TRUE FALSEbahianus. Forelius bahianus Cuezzo, 2000: 227, figs. 12, 35 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Iridomyrmex (Forelius) maccooki var. brasiliensis Forel, 1908c: 396 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1966: 730 (l.). Cuezzo, 2000: 231 (q.m.). Combination in Forelius: Emery, 1913a: 36. Subspecies of mccooki: Forel, 1912h: 43. Raised to species: Santschi, 1922b: 373; Kusnezov, 1957b: 17. Senior synonym of fiebrigi, pilipes and material of the unavailable name carmelitana referred here: Cuezzo, 2000: 229.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius maranhaoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmaranhaoensis. Forelius maranhaoensis Cuezzo, 2000: 255, figs. 11, 27, 38 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys acuminata TRUE TRUE FALSEacuminata. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) acuminatum Emery, 1896g: 50 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys annulata TRUE TRUE FALSEannulata. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) rimulosa var. annulata Mayr, 1887: 543 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Mann, 1922: 3. Raised to species: Emery, 1890b: 41. See also: Lattke, 1995: 157.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys caelata TRUE TRUE FALSEcaelata. Gnamptogenys caelata Kempf, 1967a: 121, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of soror: Lattke, 1992a: 126.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys concinna TRUE TRUE FALSEconcinna. Ectatomma concinna Smith, F. 1858b: 103 (q.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1866b: 892 (w.). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Mayr, 1866b: 892; in Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys): Mayr, 1887: 541; in E. (Tammoteca): Santschi, 1929h: 476; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227. Senior synonym of conica, romani, semicircularis: Brown, 1958g: 227. See also: Lattke, 1995: 162.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys continua TRUE TRUE FALSEcontinua. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) continuum Mayr, 1887: 544 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227. Senior synonym of panamensis: Brown, 1958g: 227; of exaratum: Lattke, 1995: 163.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys kempfi TRUE TRUE FALSEkempfi. Gnamptogenys kempfi Lenko, 1964: 257, figs. 1, 2 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys lanei TRUE TRUE FALSElanei. Gnamptogenys lanei Kempf, 1960e: 388, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys lavra TRUE TRUE FALSElavra. Gnamptogenys lavra Lattke, 2002: 141, fig. 6 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys lucaris TRUE TRUE FALSElucaris. Gnamptogenys lucaris Kempf, 1968b: 379, fig. 5 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys mediatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEmediatrix. Gnamptogenys mediatrix Brown, 1958g: 326, fig. 15 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys menozzii TRUE TRUE FALSEmenozzii. Holcoponera menozzii Borgmeier, 1928a: 32 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Ectatomma (Parectatomma): Santschi, 1929h: 476; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. Senior synonym of schubarti: Lattke, 1995: 175.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys moelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEmoelleri. Holcoponera moelleri Forel, 1912c: 34 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. Senior synonym of splendens: Brown, 1958g: 228; of teffensis (and its junior synonym concinna Santschi): Lattke, 1995: 176.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys nana TRUE TRUE FALSEnana. Gnamptogenys nana Kempf, 1960f: 422, figs. 7-9 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of dina: Kempf, 1978: 35.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys pleurodon TRUE TRUE FALSEpleurodon. Ectatomma (Holcoponera) pleurodon Emery, 1896g: 47 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Holcoponera: Emery, 1911d: 41; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Subspecies of striatula: Forel, 1908c: 340. Revived status as species and senior synonym of emeryi, vidua: Brown, 1958g: 229.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys rastrata TRUE TRUE FALSErastrata. Ectatomma rastratum Mayr, 1866b: 890 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in E. (Gnamptogenys): Emery, 1890b: 41; in E. (Parectatomma): Emery, 1911d: 44; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of trigona: Lattke, 1995: 180.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys reichenspergeri TRUE TRUE FALSEreichenspergeri. Acanthoponera (Anacanthoponera) reichenspergeri Santschi, 1929d: 274 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. See also: Lattke, 1995: 181.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys relicta TRUE TRUE FALSErelicta. Rhopalopone relicta Mann, 1916: 403, pl. 1, figs. 4, 5 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 446 (l.). Combination in Holcoponera: Brown, 1956b: 491; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. See also: Lattke, 1995: 182.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys rimulosa TRUE TRUE FALSErimulosa. Ponera rimulosa Roger, 1861a: 18 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys): Mayr, 1887: 541; Emery, 1896g: 52; in Gnamptogenys: Roger, 1863a: 174; Brown, 1958g: 229.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys striolata TRUE TRUE FALSEstriolata. Alfaria striolata Borgmeier, 1957: 116, figs. 27-29 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys sulcata TRUE TRUE FALSEsulcata. Ponera sulcata Smith, F. 1858b: 99 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1899c: 8 (q.m.). Combination in Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys): Dalla Torre, 1893: 26; Emery, 1896g: 51; in Gnamptogenys: Mayr, 1886c: 358; Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of cearensis, lineata, nitens, ypirangensis: Brown, 1958g: 229; of tornata: Lattke, 1995: 188..
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys tortuolosa TRUE TRUE FALSEtortuolosa. Ponera tortuolosa Smith, F. 1858b: 99 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 134 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys): Dalla Torre, 1893: 26; Emery, 1896g: 51; in Gnamptogenys: Mayr, 1886c: 358; Brown, 1958g: 230. Senior synonym of quitensis: Brown, 1958g: 230. See also: Lattke, 1995: 189.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys wilsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEwilsoni. Gnamptogenys wilsoni Lattke, in Lattke, Fernández & Palacio, 2007: 264, figs. 14, 15 (w.) BRAZIL.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera angulata TRUE TRUE FALSEangulata. Heteroponera angulata Borgmeier, 1959a: 310, figs. 12, 13 (w.) BRAZIL.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera dentinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEdentinodis. Ectatomma (Acanthoponera) dentinode Mayr, 1887: 541 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Acanthoponera: Emery, 1911d: 36; in A. (Anacanthoponera): Wheeler, W.M. 1923e: 186; in Heteroponera: Brown, 1958g: 195. See also: Brown, 1958g: 257; Kempf, 1962a: 40.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera dolo TRUE TRUE FALSEdolo. Ponera dolo Roger, 1860: 293 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1962a: 33 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma (Acanthoponera): Mayr, 1862: 733; in Acanthoponera: Emery, 1906c: 112; in A. (Anacanthoponera): Wheeler, W.M. 1923e: 187; in Heteroponera: Brown, 1952h: 70. Senior synonym of aurea: Brown, 1958g: 195. See also: Kempf, 1962a: 33.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera flava TRUE TRUE FALSEflava. Heteroponera flava Kempf, 1962a: 38, figs. 2, 9 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera inermis TRUE TRUE FALSEinermis. Ectatomma (Acanthoponera) dentinode var. inerme Emery, 1894c: 143 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Acanthoponera: Emery, 1911d: 36; in A. (Anacanthoponera): Wheeler, W.M. 1923e: 186; in Heteroponera: Brown, 1958g: 196. Raised to species: Brown, 1958g: 196. Senior synonym of schwebeli: Kempf, 1962a: 36.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Heteroponera mayri Kempf, 1962a: 43, figs. 5, 12 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera microps TRUE TRUE FALSEmicrops. Heteroponera microps Borgmeier, 1957: 112, figs. 23-26 (w.) BRAZIL.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera robusta TRUE TRUE FALSErobusta. Heteroponera robusta Kempf, 1962a: 36 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma reitteri TRUE TRUE FALSEreitteri. Tetramorium reitteri Mayr, 1887: 621 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1960f: 430 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1977: 581 (l.). Combination in Lundella: Emery, 1915i: 191; in Hylomyrma: Kempf, 1960f: 430. Senior synonym of goeldii: Kempf, 1960f: 430. See also: Kempf, 1973b: 247.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera aliena TRUE TRUE FALSEaliena. Ponera aliena Smith, F. 1858b: 99 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera collegiana TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
collegiana. Ponera collegiana Santschi, 1925b: 9 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in P. (Hypoponera): Santschi, 1938b: 79; in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121. Current subspecies: nominal plus paranensis.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera foreli TRUE TRUE FALSEforeli. Ponera foreli Mayr, 1887: 534 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122. See also: Kempf, 1962b: 12.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera idelettae TRUE TRUE FALSEidelettae. Ponera idelettae Santschi, 1923g: 1258 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122. See also: Kempf, 1962b: 13.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Ponera iheringi Forel, 1908c: 344 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1913: 204 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1211 (l.). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122. [This name frequently misspelled as jheringi, for example by Emery, 1911d: 92; Kempf, 1972a: 122.]
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera leninei TRUE TRUE FALSEleninei. Ponera leninei Santschi, 1925b: 7 (w.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1929d: 276 (q.). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera neglecta TRUE TRUE FALSEneglecta. Ponera neglecta Santschi, 1923g: 1257 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera opaciceps TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
opaciceps. Ponera opaciceps Mayr, 1887: 536 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Smith, M.R. 1929: 545 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 453 (l.). Combination in Hypoponera: Taylor, 1967a: 11. Senior synonym of perkinsi (and its junior synonym andrei): Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 28; of postangustata: Wild, 2007b: 54. Current subspecies: nominal plus cubana, gaigei, jamaicensis, pampana,. See also: Smith, M.R. 1936: 428; Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 59; Kempf, 1962b: 7.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera reichenspergeri TRUE TRUE FALSEreichenspergeri. Ponera reichenspergeri Santschi, 1923g: 1255 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in P. (Hypoponera): Santschi, 1938b: 79; in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera schmalzi TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
schmalzi. Ponera schmalzi Emery, 1896g: 57 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123. Current subspecies: nominal plus fugitans, paulina.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera schwebeli TRUE TRUE FALSEschwebeli. Ponera parva var. schwebeli Forel, 1913l: 205 (q.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1923g: 1256 (w.). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 124. Raised to species: Santschi, 1923g: 1256.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera trigona TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
trigona. Ponera punctatissima var. trigona Mayr, 1887: 537 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in P. (Hypoponera): Santschi, 1938b: 79; in Hypoponera: Taylor, 1968a: 65. Subspecies of confinis: Emery, 1895b: 64. Raised to species: Forel, 1893g: 364; Emery, 1911d: 92; Gallardo, 1918b: 80. Current subspecies: nominal plus cauta. See also: Kempf, 1962b: 10.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera vernacula TRUE TRUE FALSEvernacula. Ponera vernacula Kempf, 1962b: 13, figs. 13, 16 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 124.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera viri TRUE TRUE FALSEviri. Ponera viri Santschi, 1923c: 247 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 124.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera wilsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEwilsoni. Ponera wilsoni Santschi, 1925b: 10 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 124.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera foeda saroltae TRUE TRUE FALSEsaroltae. Ponera foeda r. saroltae Forel, 1912c: 41 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera schmalzi paulina TRUE TRUE FALSEpaulina. Ponera schmaltzi var. paulina Forel, 1913l: 205 (q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera collegiana paranensis TRUE TRUE FALSEparanensis. Ponera collegiana var. paranensis Santschi, 1925b: 9 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera distinguenda inexpedita TRUE TRUE FALSEinexpedita. Ponera inexorata var. inexpedita Forel, 1911c: 285 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122. Currently subspecies of distinguenda: Santschi, 1923c: 247; Santschi, 1929d: 277.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera distinguenda histrio TRUE TRUE FALSEhistrio. Ponera distinguenda var. histrio Forel, 1912c: 40 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera schmalzi fugitans TRUE TRUE FALSEfugitans. Ponera schmalzi var. fugitans Forel, 1912c: 40 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera distinguenda dispar TRUE TRUE FALSEdispar. Ponera distinguenda var. dispar Santschi, 1925b: 8 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera trigona cauta TRUE TRUE FALSEcauta. Ponera trigona var. cauta Forel, 1912c: 40 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 124.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus mars TRUE TRUE FALSEmars. Eciton (Labidus) mars Forel, 1912c: 44 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. Senior synonym of nero: Nascimento, et al. 2004: 618. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 121; Watkins, 1976: 8. Current subspecies: nominal plus denticulatus.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus praedator TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
praedator. Eciton praedator Smith, F. 1858b: 152 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1906d: 246 (m.); Luederwaldt, 1918: 54 (q.). Combination in E. (Labidus): Bruch, 1914: 215; in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 16. Senior synonym of tepeguas: Mayr, 1886b: 118; Borgmeier, 1955: 103; of westwoodi: Emery, 1910b: 23; Borgmeier, 1955: 103; of emiliae, guianense: Borgmeier, 1953: 10, 19, respectively; of ferruginea: Borgmeier, 1955: 103. Current subspecies: nominal plus sedulus. See also: Gallardo, 1920: 333; Bruch, 1921: 181; Watkins, 1976: 8.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex amazonicus TRUE TRUE FALSEamazonicus. Lachnomyrmex amazonicus Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 11, figs. 2, 20 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex nordestinus TRUE TRUE FALSEnordestinus. Lachnomyrmex nordestinus Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 29, figs. 11, 18 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex plaumanni TRUE TRUE FALSEplaumanni. Lachnomyrmex plaumanni Borgmeier, 1957: 125, figs. 47-52 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 34.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex victori TRUE TRUE FALSEvictori. Lachnomyrmex victori Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 43, figs. 17, 20 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys amazonica TRUE TRUE FALSEamazonica. Leptogenys (Leptogenys) amazonica Borgmeier, 1930: 25, pl. 3, fig. 10; pl. 4, figs. 11, 12 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys anacleti TRUE TRUE FALSEanacleti. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) anacleti Borgmeier, 1930: 30, pl. 3, fig. 9; pl. 4, figs. 18, 19 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys crudelis TRUE TRUE FALSEcrudelis. Ponera crudelis Smith, F. 1858b: 97 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Lobopelta: Mayr, 1886c: 358; in Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 105. Senior synonym of rubicunda: Borgmeier, 1932b: 485.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys hanseni TRUE TRUE FALSEhanseni. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) hanseni Borgmeier, 1930: 31, pl. 4, figs. 16, 23, 24, 27, 28 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) iheringi Forel, 1911c: 286 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1212 (l.).
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys linearis TRUE TRUE FALSElinearis. Ponera linearis Smith, F. 1858b: 96 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Leptogenys: Borgmeier, 1923: 75.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys luederwaldti TRUE TRUE FALSEluederwaldti. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) luederwaldti Forel, 1913l: 206 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys melzeri TRUE TRUE FALSEmelzeri. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) melzeri Borgmeier, 1930: 27, pl. 4, figs. 15, 20, 22 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys unistimulosa TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
unistimulosa. Leptogenys unistimulosa Roger, 1863a: 175 (w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus bahiana, trinidadensis.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys vogeli TRUE TRUE FALSEvogeli. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) vogeli Borgmeier, 1933b: 226 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys unistimulosa bahiana TRUE TRUE FALSEbahiana. Leptogenys unistimulosa var. bahiana Santschi, 1929a: 416 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema anathema TRUE TRUE FALSEanathema. Linepithema anathema Wild, 2007a: 27, figs. 33, 34, 106 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema leucomelas TRUE TRUE FALSEleucomelas. Iridomyrmex leucomelas Emery, 1894g: 378 (footnote) (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wild, 2007a: 83 (m.). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Senior synonym of aspidocoptus: Wild, 2007a: 81.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema micans TRUE TRUE FALSEmicans. Iridomyrmex dispertitus subsp. micans Forel, 1908c: 394 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 306 (q.). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Raised to species, senior synonym of platensis, scotti and material of the unavailable names pertaesta, transiens referred here: Wild, 2007a: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema oblongum TRUE TRUE FALSEoblongum. Iridomyrmex humilis var. oblongus Santschi, 1929d: 306 (w.) BRAZIL. Wild, 2007a: 98 (q.m.). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Raised to species: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 90.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex acauna TRUE TRUE FALSEacauna. Megalomyrmex acauna Brandão, 1990: 429, figs. 39, 56 (w.) BRAZIL. Brandão, 2003: 151 (m.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex ayri TRUE TRUE FALSEayri. Megalomyrmex ayri Brandão, 1990: 420, figs. 1, 12, 26, 36 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex gnomus TRUE TRUE FALSEgnomus. Megalomyrmex gnomus Kempf, 1970b: 359, figs. 5-8 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brandão, 1990: 451.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Megalomyrmex goeldii Forel, 1912g: 14 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 29 (m.); Borgmeier, 1930: 34 (q.). See also: Brandão, 1990: 423.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Megalomyrmex iheringi Forel, 1911c: 304 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1930: 33 (q.). See also: Brandão, 1990: 424.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex myops TRUE TRUE FALSEmyops. Megalomyrmex (Wheelerimyrmex) myops Santschi, 1925d: 237 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brandão, 1990: 452.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex pusillus TRUE TRUE FALSEpusillus. Megalomyrmex pusillus Forel, 1912g: 15 (w.) BRAZIL. Brandão, 1990: 453 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex wallacei TRUE TRUE FALSEwallacei. Megalomyrmex wallacei Mann, 1916: 445, pl. 3, fig. 28 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Brandão, 2003: 150 (m.). See also: Brandão, 1990: 426.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium brasiliense TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliense. Monomorium minutum subsp. brasiliense Forel, 1908c: 361 (w.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of monomorium: Brandão, 1991: 357. Raised to species: Bolton, 1995b: 260.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium delabiei TRUE TRUE FALSEdelabiei. Monomorium delabiei Fernández, 2007b: 133 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium inusuale TRUE TRUE FALSEinusuale. Monomorium inusuale Fernández, 2007b: 135, figs. 1, 2 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetagroicus cerradensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcerradensis. Mycetagroicus cerradensis Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001: 644, figs. 1-7 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetagroicus inflatus TRUE TRUE FALSEinflatus. Mycetagroicus inflatus Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2008: 349, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetagroicus triangularis TRUE TRUE FALSEtriangularis. Mycetagroicus triangularis Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001: 649, figs. 8-16 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetagroicus urbanus TRUE TRUE FALSEurbanus. Mycetagroicus urbanus Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001: 657, figs. 17-23 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetarotes acutus TRUE TRUE FALSEacutus. Mycetarotes acutus Mayhé-Nunes, 1995: 198, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2006: 465.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetarotes carinatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinatus. Mycetarotes carinatus Mayhé-Nunes, 1995: 200, fig. 3 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2006: 466 (q.m.).
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetarotes parallelus TRUE TRUE FALSEparallelus. Cyphomyrmex parallelus Emery, 1906c: 161, fig. 23 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1960d: 280 (m.). Combination in C. (Mycetarotes): Emery, 1913b: 251; in Mycetarotes: Kempf, 1960d: 279. Senior synonym of luederwaldti: Kempf, 1960d: 279. See also: Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2006: 468.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetarotes senticosus TRUE TRUE FALSEsenticosus. Mycetarotes senticosus Kempf, 1960d: 282, figs. 4-6 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2006: 470.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetophylax morschi TRUE TRUE FALSEmorschi. Cyphomyrmex morschi Emery, 1888c: 360 (w.) BRAZIL. Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 18 (m.). Combination in Mycetophylax: Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 17. Senior synonym of personatus: Kempf, 1964d: 25.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetophylax simplex TRUE TRUE FALSEsimplex. Cyphomyrmex simplex Emery, 1888c: 361 (w.). BRAZIL. Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 20 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Mycetophylax): Emery, 1913b: 251; in Mycetophylax: Kempf, 1972a: 146.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetosoritis aspera TRUE TRUE FALSEaspera. Cyphomyrmex asper Mayr, 1887: 561 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1906c: 162 (w.). Combination in C. (Mycetosoritis): Emery, 1924d: 344; in Mycetosoritis: Kempf, 1972a: 146.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetosoritis explicata TRUE TRUE FALSEexplicata. Mycetosoritis explicata Kempf, 1968b: 401, figs. 14-16 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus castrator TRUE TRUE FALSEcastrator. Mycocepurus castrator Rabeling & Bacci, 2010: 382, figs. 1A,C,E; 2A,C,E,G (q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Atta (Mycocepurus) goeldii Forel, 1893g: 370 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1908c: 353 (q.m.). Combination in Mycocepurus: Luederwaldt, 1918: 39. Senior synonym of gentilis, ogloblini Santschi, ogloblini Kusnezov, schuppi: Kempf, 1963b: 420.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus obsoletus TRUE TRUE FALSEobsoletus. Mycocepurus obsoletus Emery, 1913b: 252, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Myrcidris epicharis TRUE TRUE FALSEepicharis. Myrcidris epicharis Ward, 1990: 467, figs. 1-6, 21-25, 29-32 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista arthuri TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
arthuri. Myrmelachista arthuri Forel, 1903c: 263 (diagnosis in key) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 148. Senior synonym of ute: Kempf, 1978: 36. Current subspecies: nominal plus brunneiceps.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista bambusarum TRUE TRUE FALSEbambusarum. Myrmelachista bambusarum Forel, 1903c: 264 (diagnosis in key) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Forel, 1912i: 59; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 148.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista bettinae TRUE TRUE FALSEbettinae. Myrmelachista bettinae Forel, 1903c: 261 (diagnosis in key) (w.); 265 (in text) (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Forel, 1912i: 59; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 148.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevicornis. Myrmelachista brevicornis Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 199 (w.) BRAZIL.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista catharinae TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
catharinae. Myrmelachista catharinae Mayr, 1887: 527 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149. Current subspecies: nominal plus intermedia, maior, petropolitana.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista elata TRUE TRUE FALSEelata. Myrmelachista (Decamera) elata Santschi, 1922b: 376 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista gagatina TRUE TRUE FALSEgagatina. Myrmelachista gagatina Emery, 1894g: 377 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Santschi, 1922b: 376; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149. Senior synonym of ina: Kempf, 1978: 37.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Myrmelachista goeldii Forel, 1903c: 262 (diagnosis in key) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista kloetersi TRUE TRUE FALSEkloetersi. Myrmelachista kloetersi Forel, 1903c: 262 (diagnosis in key) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista muelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEmuelleri. Myrmelachista muelleri Forel, 1903c: 259 (q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912i: 59 (m.). Combination in M. (Decamera): Forel, 1912i: 59; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista nodigera TRUE TRUE FALSEnodigera. Myrmelachista nodigera Mayr, 1887: 529 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150. Senior synonym offlavicornis, pallida: Wild, 2007b: 44.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista paderewskii TRUE TRUE FALSEpaderewskii. Myrmelachista paderewskii Forel, 1908c: 397 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista reichenspergeri TRUE TRUE FALSEreichenspergeri. Myrmelachista reichenspergeri Santschi, 1922b: 376 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista reticulata TRUE TRUE FALSEreticulata. Myrmelachista reticulata Borgmeier, 1928a: 37, figs. 6, 7 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista rudolphi TRUE TRUE FALSErudolphi. Myrmelachista rudolphi Forel, 1903c: 261 (diagnosis in key) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista ruszkii TRUE TRUE FALSEruszkii. Myrmelachista ruszkii Forel, 1903c: 265 (diagnosis in key) (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150. [Sometimes misspelled as ruzskyi, for example Forel, 1904c: 1.]
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista catharinae petropolitana TRUE TRUE FALSEpetropolitana. Myrmelachista (Decamera) catharinae var. petropolitana Santschi, 1936b: 204 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista arborea nasuta TRUE TRUE FALSEnasuta. Myrmelachista (Decamera) arborea var. nasuta Forel, 1912i: 60 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 148.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista catharinae maior TRUE TRUE FALSEmaior. Myrmelachista (Decamera) catharinae var. maior Santschi, 1936b: 202 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista catharinae intermedia TRUE TRUE FALSEintermedia. Myrmelachista (Decamera) catharinae st. intermedia Santschi, 1929d: 308 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista ulei dubia TRUE TRUE FALSEdubia. Myrmelachista (Decamera) ulei r. dubia Forel, 1912i: 59 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista arthuri brunneiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunneiceps. Myrmelachista arthuri var. brunneiceps Forel, 1908c: 397 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Myrmica assimilis FALSE FALSE FALSEassimilis. Myrmica assimilis Spinola, 1851b: 50 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Spinola, 1853: 66.] Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Myrmica: Bolton, 1995b: 277.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta camargoi TRUE TRUE FALSEcamargoi. Myrmicocrypta camargoi Sosa-Calvo & Schultz, 2010: 184, figs. 1-15 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta erectapilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEerectapilosa. Myrmicocrypta erectapilosa Sosa-Calvo & Schultz, 2010: 189, figs. 16-22 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta foreli TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
foreli. Myrmicocrypta foreli Mann, 1916: 457, pl. 4, figs. 32-34 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus surianensis.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta longinoda TRUE TRUE FALSElonginoda. Myrmicocrypta longinoda Weber, 1938b: 158 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta squamosa TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
squamosa. Myrmicocrypta squamosa Smith, F. 1860c: 74, pl. 4, figs. 14-17 (q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 295 (w.). Current subspecies: nominal plus uncinata.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta squamosa uncinata TRUE TRUE FALSEuncinata. Apterostigma uncinatum Mayr, 1887: 554 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1890b: 70 (q.m.). Combination in Glyptomyrmex: Emery, 1890b: 70; in Myrmicocrypta: Forel, 1911c: 296. Currently subspecies of squamosa: Forel, 1911c: 296.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex carinifrons TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinifrons. Neivamyrmex carinifrons Borgmeier, 1953: 24, figs. 3, 5, 8 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 576.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex clavifemur TRUE TRUE FALSEclavifemur. Neivamyrmex clavifemur Borgmeier, 1953: 30, figs. 20, 27 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 596.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex cratensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcratensis. Neivamyrmex cratensis Borgmeier, 1953: 38, figs. 11, 19 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 404.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex densepunctatus TRUE TRUE FALSEdensepunctatus. Eciton (Acamatus) densepunctatum Borgmeier, 1933d: 162 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 486.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex detectus TRUE TRUE FALSEdetectus. Neivamyrmex detectus Borgmeier, 1953: 25, figs. 7, 15 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 449.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex diana TRUE TRUE FALSEdiana. Eciton (Acamatus) diana Forel, 1912g: 31 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1933d: 161 (m.); Borgmeier, 1939: 410 (q.). Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 390.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex diversinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEdiversinodis. Eciton (Acamatus) diversinode Borgmeier, 1933d: 163 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1948b: 462; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. Junior synonym of bohlsi: Borgmeier, 1948b: 462. Revived from synonymy: Borgmeier, 1953: 5; Borgmeier, 1955: 467.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex erichsonii TRUE TRUE FALSEerichsonii. Labidus erichsonii Westwood, 1842: 77 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 2; in E. (Labidus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 17. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 618.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Eciton (Acamatus) goeldii Forel, 1901f: 352 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1948b: 462; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 396.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex gracilis TRUE TRUE FALSEgracilis. Neivamyrmex gracilis Borgmeier, 1955: 590, pl. 51, figs. 3, 9, 21; pl. 75, fig. 2 (m.) BRAZIL.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex gradualis TRUE TRUE FALSEgradualis. Neivamyrmex gradualis Borgmeier, 1953: 46, fig. 32 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 345.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex guerinii TRUE TRUE FALSEguerinii. Labidus guerinii Shuckard, 1840d: 397 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 3; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 186; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 14. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 587.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex halidaii TRUE TRUE FALSEhalidaii. Labidus halidaii Shuckard, 1840a: 200 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Forel, 1895b: 119; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. Senior synonym of frontalis, gravenhorstii: Borgmeier, 1953: 12, 18, respectively; of amplipennis, colombi, lemoulti: Borgmeier, 1955: 437; of mexicana Enzmann: Snelling, G.C. & Snelling, 2007: 472; of enzmanni (replacement name for mexicana Enzmann made subsequent to Snelling, G.C & Snelling, 2007 and hence automatic synonym). [Name misspelled as halidayi by Dalla Torre, 1893: 3 and subsequent authors.]
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex hetschkoi TRUE TRUE FALSEhetschkoi. Eciton hetschkoi Mayr, 1886a: 33 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Bruch, 1934b: 128 (q.). Combination in E. (Labidus): Mayr, 1886d: 441; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1894c: 184 (in key); in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 11. Senior synonym of taunayi: Borgmeier, 1953: 472; of ogloblini, silvestrii: Borgmeier, 1955: 472.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex hopei TRUE TRUE FALSEhopei. Labidus hopei Shuckard, 1840b: 258 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton (Labidus): Mayr, 1886d: 441; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 14. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 573.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Eciton iheringi Forel, 1908c: 347 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 623. [Name misspelled as jheringi by Borgmeier, 1955: 623 and most previous authors.]
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex latiscapus TRUE TRUE FALSElatiscapus. Eciton latiscapum Emery, 1901d: 54, fig. 7 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 578.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex legionis TRUE TRUE FALSElegionis. Eciton legionis Smith, F. 1855c: 164 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1900a: 521 (m.); Reichensperger, 1930: 321 (q.); Borgmeier, 1930: 22 (q.). Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1894c: 183 (in key); in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 10. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 329.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex maxillosus TRUE TRUE FALSEmaxillosus. Eciton maxillosum Emery, 1900a: 181, figs. 13, 14 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 350.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex micans TRUE TRUE FALSEmicans. Neivamyrmex micans Borgmeier, 1953: 32, figs. 10, 12, 23 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 470.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex minensis TRUE TRUE FALSEminensis. Eciton (Acamatus) balzanii subsp. minenses Borgmeier, 1928b: 58 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1939: 410 (q.). Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5 (spelling emended to minensis). Subspecies of balzani: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1939: 410; Borgmeier, 1955: 537.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex modestus TRUE TRUE FALSEmodestus. Eciton (Acamatus) modestum Borgmeier, 1933d: 165 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 552.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex orthonotus TRUE TRUE FALSEorthonotus. Eciton (Acamatus) orthonotum Borgmeier, 1933d: 165 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 565.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex perplexus TRUE TRUE FALSEperplexus. Neivamyrmex perplexus Borgmeier, 1953: 36 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 616.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex pilosus TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosus. Eciton pilosa Smith, F. 1858b: 151 (w.) BRAZIL. Reichensperger, 1939: 297 (q.); Smith, M.R. 1942c: 544 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1943: 331 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 273 (l.). Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1894c: 183 (in key); in E. (Neivamyrmex): Smith, M.R. 1942c: 544; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. Senior synonym of angustius, porrectognathum: Borgmeier, 1955: 361; of beebei: Snelling, G.C. & Snelling, 2007: 488.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex piraticus TRUE TRUE FALSEpiraticus. Neivamyrmex piraticus Borgmeier, 1953: 37, figs. 13, 18 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 621.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex punctaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctaticeps. Eciton (Acamatus) punctaticeps Emery, 1894c: 181 (w.) BRAZIL. Oldest junior synonym of, and hence first available replacement name for, Labidus spinolae Westwood, 1842: 77 [Junior primary homonym of Labidus spinolae Shuckard, 1840c: 327.]; designated by Bolton, 1995b: 291. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 409. See under spinolae below for current synonymy and other references.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex raptor TRUE TRUE FALSEraptor. Eciton (Acamatus) raptor Forel, 1911c: 289 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 481. Senior synonym of raptans (and its junior synonyms abstinens, rebellatum): Bolton, 1995b: 291. [The name raptans Forel was proposed as a replacement for raptor Forel because of the name Eciton raptor Smith, F. 1855c: 169. The last name is however an incorrect subsequent spelling, in the figure legends, of Eciton rapax Smith, F. 1855c: 163. As an incorrect subsequent spelling raptor Smith is unavailable, and therefore does not enter into homonymy.]
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex romandii TRUE TRUE FALSEromandii. Labidus romandii Shuckard, 1840b: 261 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Forel, 1895b: 121; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in E. (Labidus): Bruch, 1914: 215; in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1948b: 463; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 15. Senior synonym of desartsi: Borgmeier, 1953: 9. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 605.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex swainsonii TRUE TRUE FALSEswainsonii. Labidus swainsonii Shuckard, 1840a: 201 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Forel, 1895b: 121; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1948b: 462; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 15. Senior synonym of arizonense: Borgmeier, 1955: 454; of fallax, mexicanus: Snelling, G.C. & Snelling, 2007: 490. .
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex tenuis TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuis. Neivamyrmex tenuis Borgmeier, 1953: 36 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 615.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex vicinus TRUE TRUE FALSEvicinus. Neivamyrmex vicinus Borgmeier, 1953: 35, fig. 24 (m.) BRAZIL. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 608.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex walkerii TRUE TRUE FALSEwalkerii. Labidus walkerii Westwood, 1842: 77 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Forel, 1895b: 121; in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 17. Senior synonym of connectens: Borgmeier, 1955: 445.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex asper TRUE TRUE FALSEasper. Leptothorax asper Mayr, 1887: 618 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1896g: 59 (in key); in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 414; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of rufa, sulfurea: Kempf, 1959c: 414; of tristani: Longino, 2006b: 136.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Leptothorax brasiliensis Kempf, 1958c: 92, figs. 10, 18, 21 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 411; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex costatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcostatus. Leptothorax (Goniothorax) costatus Emery, 1896g: 59 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1959c: 404 (q.). Combination in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 402; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex echinatinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEechinatinodis. Leptothorax echinatinodis Forel, 1886b: xlviii (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955b: 25 (l.). Combination in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1896g: 59 (in key); in L. (Caulomyrma): Forel, 1914d: 233; in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 425; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of aculeatinodis, cordincola, dalmasi, pungentinodis, schmidti: Kempf, 1959c: 425.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex mirassolis TRUE TRUE FALSEmirassolis. Leptothorax (Nesomyrmex) mirassolis Diniz, 1975: 79, figs. 1-3 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex schwebeli TRUE TRUE FALSEschwebeli. Leptothorax schwebeli Forel, 1913l: 216 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1924d: 250; in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 407; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex sculptiventris TRUE TRUE FALSEsculptiventris. Leptothorax sculptiventris Mayr, 1887: 620 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 400; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of borgmeieri, distincta, major: Kempf, 1959c: 400.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex spininodis TRUE TRUE FALSEspininodis. Leptothorax spininodis Mayr, 1887: 617 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912g: 18 (q.). Combination in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1896g: 59 (in key); in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 427; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272. Subspecies of echinatinodis: Forel, 1899c: 55; Emery, 1924d: 250. Revived status as species and senior synonym of genualia, umbratilis: Kempf, 1959c: 427.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex vicinus TRUE TRUE FALSEvicinus. Leptothorax vicinus Mayr, 1887: 620 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912g: 18 (q.). Combination in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1896g: 58 (in key); in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 415; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of testaceus: Kempf, 1959c: 415.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Nomamyrmex esenbeckii TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
esenbeckii. Labidus esenbeckii Westwood, 1842: 75, pl. 20, fig. 4 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Emery, 1890b: 39; in E. (Labidus): Santschi, 1920d: 364; Creighton, 1950a: 64; in E. (Holopone): Santschi, 1925b: 11; in E. (Nomamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1936: 55; in Nomamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 14. Senior synonym of fimbriatum, interrupta, terrificum: Borgmeier, 1953: 14; of afflictus, crudele, indomabile: Borgmeier, 1955: 139; of crassicornis: Wild, 2007b: 43. Current subspecies: nominal plus mordax, wilsoni. See also: Borgmeier, 1958: 201; Watkins, 1977a: 204.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Nomamyrmex hartigii TRUE TRUE FALSEhartigii. Labidus hartigii Westwood, 1842: 75, pl. 20, fig. 3 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 3; in E. (Labidus): Emery, 1910b: 23; in E. (Holopone): Santschi, 1925b: 11; in E. (Nomamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1936: 55; in Nomamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. Senior synonym of apicifer, hansi: Borgmeier, 1953: 14, 9, respectively; of schlechtendali: Borgmeier, 1955: 155. See also: Watkins, 1977a: 204.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia brasiliensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliensis. Prenolepis brasiliensis Mayr, 1862: 697 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia docilis TRUE TRUE FALSEdocilis. Prenolepis vividula subsp. docilis Forel, 1908c: 402 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 223; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 168; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 368; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 45.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva TRUE TRUE FALSE6 subspecies
fulva. Prenolepis fulva Mayr, 1862: 698 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1891b: 94 (m.); Forel, 1912i: 67 (m.). Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1908b: 67; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 122; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Senior synonym of fumata: Wild, 2007b: 45. See also: Fernández, 2000: 146; Fox, et al. 2010: 795. Current subspecies: nominal plus biolleyi, cubana, fumatipennis, incisa, longiscapa, nesiotis.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) goeldii Forel, 1912i: 68 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia tococae TRUE TRUE FALSEtococae. Paratrechina (Nylanderia) tococae Wheeler, W.M. & Bequaert, 1929: 38 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 168; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 368; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia guatemalensis itinerans TRUE TRUE FALSEitinerans. Prenolepis guatemalensis var. itinerans Forel, 1901h: 81 (w.) BRAZIL (intercepted in quarantine in Germany). Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 223; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia vividula australis TRUE TRUE FALSEaustralis. Paratrechina (Nylanderia) vividula var. australis Santschi, 1929d: 313 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 168; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 368; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Ochetomyrmex semipolitus TRUE TRUE FALSEsemipolitus. Ochetomyrmex semipolitus Mayr, 1878: 872 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of argentinus, bolivianus, mayri, subpolita: Fernández, 2003c: 638.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma batesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbatesi. Rhopalothrix batesi Emery, 1894c: 218, pl. 1, fig. 11 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Octostruma: Brown, 1949f: 92. See also: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 201; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1986: 17.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Rhopalothrix iheringi Emery, 1888c: 361 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Octostruma: Brown, 1949f: 92. Senior synonym of godmani, simoni, spei, wighti and material of the unavailable name sulcata referred here: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 187.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma petiolata TRUE TRUE FALSEpetiolata. Rhopalothrix petiolata Mayr, 1887: 580 (q.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1894c: 217 (w.). Combination in Octostruma: Brown, 1949f: 92. See also: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 182.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma rugifera TRUE TRUE FALSErugifera. Rhopalothrix rugifer Mayr, 1887: 579 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Octostruma: Brown, 1949f: 92. Senior synonym of truncata: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 199.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma stenognatha TRUE TRUE FALSEstenognatha. Octostruma stenognatha Brown & Kempf, 1960: 196, figs. 25, 28 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus affinis TRUE TRUE FALSEaffinis. Odontomachus affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 423 (w.) BRAZIL. Roger, 1861a: 27 (q.). See also: Brown, 1976a: 124.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus allolabis TRUE TRUE FALSEallolabis. Odontomachus allolabis Kempf, 1974c: 551, figs. 1-4 (q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus caelatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcaelatus. Odontomachus caelatus Brown, 1976a: 140, fig. 23, pl. 1A (w.m.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus mayi TRUE TRUE FALSEmayi. Odontomachus affinis subsp. mayi Mann, 1912: 39 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 172; Brown, 1976a: 124.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus spissus TRUE TRUE FALSEspissus. Odontomachus spissus Kempf, 1962b: 17, figs. 5-7 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1975c: 345 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus browni TRUE TRUE FALSEbrowni. Oxyepoecus browni Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 60, figs. 1a-c (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus crassinodus TRUE TRUE FALSEcrassinodus. Oxyepoecus crassinodus Kempf, 1974b: 482, figs. 2, 8, 15, 21 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus ephippiatus TRUE TRUE FALSEephippiatus. Oxyepoecus ephippiatus Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 64, figs. 2a-c (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus kempfi TRUE TRUE FALSEkempfi. Oxyepoecus kempfi Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 67, figs. 3a-c (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus longicephalus TRUE TRUE FALSElongicephalus. Oxyepoecus longicephalus Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 69, figs. 4a-c (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus myops TRUE TRUE FALSEmyops. Oxyepoecus myops Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 295, figs. 1a-c, 6 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus plaumanni TRUE TRUE FALSEplaumanni. Oxyepoecus plaumanni Kempf, 1974b: 492, figs. 27-30 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 297.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus punctifrons TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctifrons. Monomorium punctifrons Borgmeier, 1927b: 63 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Borgmeier, 1928a: 39.] Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1977: 586 (l.). Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 71 (q.). Combination in Martia: Kusnezov, 1952h: 722; in Oxyepoecus: Ettershank, 1966: 146. See also: Kempf, 1974b: 495.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus quadratus TRUE TRUE FALSEquadratus. Oxyepoecus quadratus Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 73, figs. 6a-c (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus rastratus TRUE TRUE FALSErastratus. Monomorium rastratum Mayr, 1887: 615 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1974b: 498 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1980: 534 (l.). Combination in Monomorium (Martia): Forel, 1912g: 3; in Martia: Kusnezov, 1952h: 722; in Oxyepoecus: Ettershank, 1966: 146. Senior synonym of luederwaldti: Kempf, 1974b: 498. See also: Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 299.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus reticulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEreticulatus. Oxyepoecus reticulatus Kempf, 1974b: 502, figs. 23-26 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 303.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus rosai TRUE TRUE FALSErosai. Oxyepoecus rosai Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 304, figs. 5a-c, 8 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyepoecus vivax TRUE TRUE FALSEvivax. Oxyepoecus vivax Kempf, 1974b: 508, figs. 31-33, 38, 39 (q.) BRAZIL. Albuquerque & Brandão, 2004: 77 (q.).
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla bucki TRUE TRUE FALSEbucki. Leptogenys bucki Borgmeier, 1927b: 57 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Borgmeier, 1928a: 39.] Combination in Euponera: Borgmeier, 1959a: 315; in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 303. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 222.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla cavinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEcavinodis. Neoponera (Neoponera) cavinodis Mann, 1916: 414, pl. 2, fig. 14 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1205 (l.); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 238 (q.m.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 304.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla concava TRUE TRUE FALSEconcava. Pachycondyla concava Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 261, figs. 87, 88, 189, 387-390 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla cooki TRUE TRUE FALSEcooki. Pachycondyla cooki Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 276, figs. 36, 164, 270, 271, 404 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla curiosa TRUE TRUE FALSEcuriosa. Pachycondyla curiosa Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 295, figs. 423, 424 (q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla gilberti TRUE TRUE FALSEgilberti. Trachymesopus gilberti Kempf, 1960f: 425, fig. 6 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1206 (l.); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 344 (m.). Combination in Mesoponera: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1206; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Neoponera goeldii Forel, 1912c: 36 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 363 (m.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305. Senior synonym of lydiae: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 362.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla laevigata TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigata. Ponera laevigata Smith, F. 1858b: 98 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 162 (q.m.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Mayr, 1886c: 358; in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 47; in Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 159; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 306. Senior synonym of gagatina: Emery, 1892b: 167; of whelpleyi: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 164. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 414.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla latinoda TRUE TRUE FALSElatinoda. Pachycondyla latinoda Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 419, figs. 84, 85, 231, 294, 518, 542-547 (w.,ergatoid q.,m.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla lenis TRUE TRUE FALSElenis. Pachycondyla lenis Kempf, 1961c: 197, figs. 4, 6 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 428.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla lenkoi TRUE TRUE FALSElenkoi. Pachycondyla lenkoi Kempf, 1962b: 4, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 430.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla luteola TRUE TRUE FALSEluteola. Ponera luteola Roger, 1861b: 166 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 448 (q.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Roger, 1863b: 18; in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 307.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla magnifica TRUE TRUE FALSEmagnifica. Pachycondyla magnifica Borgmeier, 1929: 196 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1961c: 198. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 451.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla marginata TRUE TRUE FALSEmarginata. Ponera marginata Roger, 1861a: 8 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pachycondyla: Roger, 1863b: 18; in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 47; in Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 166; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 307. See also: Gallardo, 1918b: 67; Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 455.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla metanotalis TRUE TRUE FALSEmetanotalis. Pachycondyla metanotalis Luederwaldt, 1918: 54 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1961c: 200; Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 460.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla oberthueri TRUE TRUE FALSEoberthueri. Pachycondyla oberthueri Emery, 1890a: 74 (w.) BRAZIL. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 475 (q.m.). Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 307.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla obscuricornis TRUE TRUE FALSEobscuricornis. Pachycondyla flavicornis var. obscuricornis Emery, 1890a: 58 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 308. Raised to species: Emery, 1911d: 72. See also: Wild, 2005: 9; Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 479.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla schultzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschultzi. Pachycondyla schultzi Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 511, figs. 86, 89, 189, 190, 633, 634 (w.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla striata TRUE TRUE FALSEstriata. Pachycondyla striata Smith, F. 1858b: 106 (w.) BRAZIL. Roger, 1861a: 6 (q.); Santschi, 1921g: 86 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 616 (l.). Senior synonym of nitidiventris: Kempf, 1961c: 210. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 527.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla unidentata TRUE TRUE FALSEunidentata. Pachycondyla unidentata Mayr, 1862: 720 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 553 (m.). Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 311. Senior synonym of eburneipes, maya, trinidadensis: Brown, 1957e: 232.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla venusta TRUE TRUE FALSEvenusta. Neoponera venusta Forel, 1912c: 38 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 311. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 558.
Myrmicinae Phalacromyrmecini Phalacromyrmex fugax TRUE TRUE FALSEfugax. Phalacromyrmex fugax Kempf, 1960b: 90, figs. 1-6 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 1984: 377.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole aenescens TRUE TRUE FALSEaenescens. Pheidole aenescens Wilson, 2003: 261, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alexeter TRUE TRUE FALSEalexeter. Pheidole alexeter Wilson, 2003: 648, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alienata TRUE TRUE FALSEalienata. Pheidole bergi subsp. alienata Borgmeier, 1929: 205 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 264.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole allarmata TRUE TRUE FALSEallarmata. Pheidole allarmata Wilson, 2003: 649, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alpinensis TRUE TRUE FALSEalpinensis. Pheidole emeryi var. alpinensis Forel, 1912f: 231 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of tristis: Bolton, 1995b: 316. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 650.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ambigua TRUE TRUE FALSEambigua. Pheidole ambigua Wilson, 2003: 652, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole angusta TRUE TRUE FALSEangusta. Pheidole angusta Forel, 1908c: 373 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of idulis: Wilson, 2003: 167.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole aper TRUE TRUE FALSEaper. Pheidole aper Forel, 1912f: 227 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in P. (Trachypheidole): Emery, 1915i: 190. See also: Wilson, 2003: 655.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole araneoides TRUE TRUE FALSEaraneoides. Pheidole araneoides Wilson, 2003: 265, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole arcifera TRUE TRUE FALSEarcifera. Pheidole arcifera Santschi, 1925d: 226 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1964e: 61; Wilson, 2003: 266.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole auropilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEauropilosa. Pheidole auropilosa Mayr, 1887: 596 (s.), 606 (w.), 608 (q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 658.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole avia TRUE TRUE FALSEavia. Pheidole guilelmimuelleri subsp. avia Forel, 1908c: 380 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1911c: 303 (s.). Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 659.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bambusarum TRUE TRUE FALSEbambusarum. Pheidole bambusarum Forel, 1908c: 376 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of ogloblini: Kempf, 1972b: 450. See also: Wilson, 2003: 662.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bidens TRUE TRUE FALSEbidens. Pheidole bidens Wilson, 2003: 377, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole borgmeieri TRUE TRUE FALSEborgmeieri. Pheidole borgmeieri Kempf, 1972b: 461, figs. 11-14 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 381.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole brevicona TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevicona. Pheidole breviconus Mayr, 1887: 585 (s.), 601 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of kraepelini: Wilson, 2003: 667.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole brunnescens TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunnescens. Pheidole bruchi var. brunnescens Santschi, 1929d: 285 (s.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 669.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bucculenta TRUE TRUE FALSEbucculenta. Pheidole guilelmimuelleri subsp. bucculenta Forel, 1908c: 379 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 670.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bufo TRUE TRUE FALSEbufo. Pheidole bufo Wilson, 2003: 251, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole camptostela TRUE TRUE FALSEcamptostela. Pheidole camptostela Kempf, 1972b: 457, figs. 7-10 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 177.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole capillata TRUE TRUE FALSEcapillata. Pheidole gertrudae subsp. capillata Emery, 1906c: 151 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 536.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole carapuna TRUE TRUE FALSEcarapuna. Pheidole (Pheidole) carapuna Mann, 1916: 432, pl. 3, fig. 22 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of chaquimayensis: Wilson, 2003: 672.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cardinalis TRUE TRUE FALSEcardinalis. Pheidole cardinalis Wilson, 2003: 271, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole castanea TRUE TRUE FALSEcastanea. Myrmica castanea Smith, F. 1858b: 131 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1895b: 129; in Pheidole: Emery, 1915d: 69. [Apparently omitted from Wilson, 2003.]
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole chrysops TRUE TRUE FALSEchrysops. Pheidole chrysops Wilson, 2003: 180, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole claviscapa TRUE TRUE FALSEclaviscapa. Pheidole claviscapa Santschi, 1925d: 224 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1964e: 56; Wilson, 2003: 276.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole colobopsis TRUE TRUE FALSEcolobopsis. Pheidole (Pheidole) colobopsis Mann, 1916: 439, pl. 3, figs. 25, 26 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in P. (Scrobopheidole): Emery, 1922e: 112. See also: Wilson, 2003: 545.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cyrtostela TRUE TRUE FALSEcyrtostela. Pheidole cyrtostela Wilson, 2003: 184, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole deima TRUE TRUE FALSEdeima. Pheidole deima Wilson, 2003: 252, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole diligens TRUE TRUE FALSEdiligens. Atta diligens Smith, F. 1858b: 168 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pheidole: Mayr, 1886c: 360. See also: Wilson, 2003: 188.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dinophila TRUE TRUE FALSEdinophila. Pheidole dinophila Wilson, 2003: 408, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dyctiota TRUE TRUE FALSEdyctiota. Pheidole dyctiota Kempf, 1972b: 451, figs. 1-5 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 682.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole eidmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEeidmanni. Pheidole eidmanni Menozzi, 1926c: 69, fig. 1 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 289.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole embolopyx TRUE TRUE FALSEembolopyx. Pheidole embolopyx Brown, 1968a: 332, figs. 1-7 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 189.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fabricator TRUE TRUE FALSEfabricator. Atta fabricator Smith, F. 1858b: 167 (s.w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pheidole: Mayr, 1886c: 360. Senior synonym of nigriventris: Brown, 1981: 528. [P. fabricatrix Schulz, 1906: 155; unjustified emendation.]
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fera TRUE TRUE FALSEfera. Pheidole guilelmimuelleri var. fera Santschi, 1925d: 227 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 689.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole flavida TRUE TRUE FALSEflavida. Pheidole flavida Mayr, 1887: 593 (s.), 603 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 421.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole foederalis FALSE FALSE FALSEfoederalis. Pheidole pubiventris var. foederalis Borgmeier, 1928a: 34 (s.) BRAZIL. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fowleri TRUE TRUE FALSEfowleri. Pheidole fowleri Wilson, 2003: 191, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole geraesensis TRUE TRUE FALSEgeraesensis. Pheidole semilaevis var. geraesensis Santschi, 1929d: 287 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 193.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole germaini TRUE TRUE FALSEgermaini. Pheidole crassipes subsp. germaini Emery, 1896g: 68 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 694.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gertrudae TRUE TRUE FALSEgertrudae. Pheidole gertrudae Forel, 1886b: xlii (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 592 (s.). Senior synonym of humilis: Kempf, 1960f: 463; of leonhardi, loretensis: Wilson, 2003: 537.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gibba TRUE TRUE FALSEgibba. Pheidole gibba Mayr, 1887: 590 (s.), 604 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of lopesi: Kempf, 1972b: 455. See also: Wilson, 2003: 695.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gigas TRUE TRUE FALSEgigas. Pheidole gigas Wilson, 2003: 293, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Pheidole goeldii Forel, 1895j: 178 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 429.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole grandinodus TRUE TRUE FALSEgrandinodus. Pheidole grandinodus Wilson, 2003: 699, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole guilelmimuelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEguilelmimuelleri. Pheidole guilelmimuelleri Forel, 1886a: 210 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 607 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972b: 243 (l.). Senior synonym of gustavi: Wilson, 2003: 703.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hetschkoi TRUE TRUE FALSEhetschkoi. Pheidole hetschkoi Emery, 1896g: 66 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of frivola: Wilson, 2003: 705.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole heyeri TRUE TRUE FALSEheyeri. Pheidole guilelmimuelleri var. heyeri Forel, 1899c: 71 (footnote) (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species and senior synonym of ultrix: Wilson, 2003: 706. See also: Forel, 1911c: 302; Forel, 1912f: 321.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole impressa TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
impressa. Pheidole impressa Mayr, 1870b: 985 (s.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 303. Current subspecies: nominal plus detrita.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole jaculifera TRUE TRUE FALSEjaculifera. Pheidole jaculifera Wilson, 2003: 306, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole jeannei TRUE TRUE FALSEjeannei. Pheidole jeannei Wilson, 2003: 538, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laevifrons TRUE TRUE FALSElaevifrons. Pheidole laevifrons Mayr, 1887: 598 (s.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 199.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laevinota TRUE TRUE FALSElaevinota. Pheidole rufipilis var. laevinota Forel, 1908c: 371 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 200.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laidlowi TRUE TRUE FALSElaidlowi. Pheidole (Pheidole) triconstricta var. laidlowi Mann, 1916: 434 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 201.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lancifera TRUE TRUE FALSElancifera. Pheidole lancifer Wilson, 2003: 202, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lemur TRUE TRUE FALSElemur. Pheidole lemur Forel, 1912f: 225 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 204.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lignicola TRUE TRUE FALSElignicola. Pheidole lignicola Mayr, 1887: 586 (s.), 602 (w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of levocciput: Wilson, 2003: 444.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lovejoyi TRUE TRUE FALSElovejoyi. Pheidole lovejoyi Wilson, 2003: 318, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lucaris TRUE TRUE FALSElucaris. Pheidole lucaris Wilson, 2003: 446, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lucretii TRUE TRUE FALSElucretii. Pheidole lucretii Santschi, 1923d: 45 (s.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 319.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lutzi TRUE TRUE FALSElutzi. Pheidole lutzi Forel, 1905b: 168 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of heinzi: Wilson, 2003: 716.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mamore TRUE TRUE FALSEmamore. Pheidole (Pheidole) guilelmimuelleri subsp. mamore Mann, 1916: 429 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 627.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole minensis TRUE TRUE FALSEminensis. Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) aberrans var. minensis Santschi, 1923d: 64 (s.q.m.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 137.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole minutula TRUE TRUE FALSEminutula. Pheidole minutula Mayr, 1878: 872 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 191 (q.m.). Senior synonym of folicola, personata: Wilson, 2003: 458.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole monstrosa TRUE TRUE FALSEmonstrosa. Pheidole monstrosa Wilson, 2003: 255, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole moseni TRUE TRUE FALSEmoseni. Pheidole moseni Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 21 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 723.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nana TRUE TRUE FALSEnana. Pheidole nana Emery, 1894c: 158 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 467.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nesiota TRUE TRUE FALSEnesiota. Pheidole nesiota Wilson, 2003: 327, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole paraensis TRUE TRUE FALSEparaensis. Pheidole paraensis Wilson, 2003: 335, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pedana TRUE TRUE FALSEpedana. Pheidole pedana Wilson, 2003: 638, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole peltastes TRUE TRUE FALSEpeltastes. Pheidole peltastes Wilson, 2003: 484, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole peregrina TRUE TRUE FALSEperegrina. Pheidole peregrina Wheeler, W.M. 1916l: 181 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of fusciclava, impariceps: Wilson, 2003: 214.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole perpusilla TRUE TRUE FALSEperpusilla. Pheidole flavens subsp. perpusilla Emery, 1894c: 157 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in P. (Decapheidole): Forel, 1912f: 237. Raised to species: Emery, 1896g: 80. Senior synonym of decem, emersoni: Wilson, 2003: 553; of breviscapa: Longino, 2009: 61..
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole perryorum TRUE TRUE FALSEperryorum. Pheidole perryorum Wilson, 2003: 215, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole piliventris TRUE TRUE FALSEpiliventris. Atta piliventris Smith, F. 1858b: 169 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pheidole: Mayr, 1886c: 360. [Apparently omitted from Wilson, 2003.]
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole praeses TRUE TRUE FALSEpraeses. Pheidole praeses Wilson, 2003: 735, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pubiventris TRUE TRUE FALSEpubiventris. Pheidole pubiventris Mayr, 1887: 595 (s.), 604 (w.), 607 (q.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of cearensis, nevadensis, timmii: Wilson, 2003: 218; of indistincta, variegata: Longino, 2009: 66.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole punctithorax TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctithorax. Pheidole punctithorax Borgmeier, 1929: 210, pl. 7, fig. 5 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 342.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole puttemansi TRUE TRUE FALSEputtemansi. Pheidole fallax subsp. puttemansi Forel, 1911c: 304 (s.) BRAZIL. Raised to species and senior synonym of janeirensis: Wilson, 2003: 343.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole reichenspergeri TRUE TRUE FALSEreichenspergeri. Pheidole reichenspergeri Santschi, 1923d: 49 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 223.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rochai TRUE TRUE FALSErochai. Pheidole lemur r. rochai Forel, 1912f: 226 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 225.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rosae TRUE TRUE FALSErosae. Pheidole rosae Forel, 1901h: 63 (s.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of silvestrii: Wilson, 2003: 742.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rufipilis TRUE TRUE FALSErufipilis. Pheidole rufipilis Forel, 1908c: 371 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of divexa, impia: Wilson, 2003: 226.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rutilana TRUE TRUE FALSErutilana. Pheidole rutilana Wilson, 2003: 746, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sarcina TRUE TRUE FALSEsarcina. Pheidole breviconus var. sarcina Forel, 1912f: 230 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 748.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole schmalzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschmalzi. Pheidole dimidiata var. schmalzi Emery, 1894c: 161 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species and senior synonym of rata, rehi: Wilson, 2003: 504.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole schwarzmaieri TRUE TRUE FALSEschwarzmaieri. Pheidole schwarzmaieri Borgmeier, 1939: 420, fig, 6 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 750.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole semilaevis FALSE FALSE FALSEsemilaevis. Pheidole radoszkowskii var. semilaevis Forel, 1901e: 363 (s.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Santschi, 1929d: 287. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole senilis TRUE TRUE FALSEsenilis. Pheidole hetschkoi var. senilis Santschi, 1929d: 289 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 752.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sensitiva TRUE TRUE FALSEsensitiva. Pheidole sensitiva Borgmeier, 1959a: 316, figs. 3-9 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 231.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sigillata TRUE TRUE FALSEsigillata. Pheidole sigillata Wilson, 2003: 754, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole socrates TRUE TRUE FALSEsocrates. Pheidole biconstricta r. socrates Forel, 1912f: 223 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 149.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sospes TRUE TRUE FALSEsospes. Pheidole anastasii var. sospes Forel, 1908c: 381 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of anastasii: Santschi, 1929d: 291. Raised to species and senior synonym of minutissima: Wilson, 2003: 509.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole strigosa TRUE TRUE FALSEstrigosa. Pheidole strigosa Wilson, 2003: 235, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole stulta TRUE TRUE FALSEstulta. Pheidole stulta Forel, 1886b: xlvi (s.) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of championi, sima: Wilson, 2003: 758.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole subreticulata TRUE TRUE FALSEsubreticulata. Pheidole nana var. subreticulata Emery, 1894c: 159 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Subspecies of nana: Emery, 1896g: 78. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 514.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole termitobia TRUE TRUE FALSEtermitobia. Pheidole termitobia Forel, 1901g: 390 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 522.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tetrica TRUE TRUE FALSEtetrica. Pheidole tetrica Forel, 1913l: 226 (s.w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 524.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tijucana TRUE TRUE FALSEtijucana. Pheidole tijucana Borgmeier, 1927b: 59 (s.w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Borgmeier, 1928a: 39.] See also: Wilson, 2003: 355.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole trageri TRUE TRUE FALSEtrageri. Pheidole trageri Wilson, 2003: 358, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tristis TRUE TRUE FALSEtristis. Myrmica tristis Smith, F. 1858b: 132 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pheidole: Mayr, 1886c: 360. Senior synonym of emeryi, rubra: Kempf, 1965: 183; of fumipennis: Brown, 1981: 527; of alsia, crassipes: Wilson, 2003: 769.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vafra TRUE TRUE FALSEvafra. Pheidole vafra Santschi, 1923d: 51 (s.w.) BRAZIL. Senior synonymy of idiota: Wilson, 2003: 244.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole valens TRUE TRUE FALSEvalens. Pheidole valens Wilson, 2003: 359, figs. (s.w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole victima TRUE TRUE FALSEvictima. Pheidole lignicola var. victima Santschi, 1929d: 290 (s.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 533.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole wallacei TRUE TRUE FALSEwallacei. Pheidole wallacei Mann, 1916: 437 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 362.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole wolfringi TRUE TRUE FALSEwolfringi. Pheidole wolfringi Forel, 1908c: 374 (s.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Wilson, 2003: 363.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea exigua TRUE TRUE FALSEexigua. Platythyrea exigua Kempf, 1964a: 142, figs. 1-3 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea pilosula TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosula. Ponera pilosula Smith, F. 1858b: 95 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Platythyrea: Mayr, 1886c: 358; in Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 106; in Platythyrea: Kempf, 1965: 181. Senior synonym of incerta: Brown, 1975: 9.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex abdominalis TRUE TRUE FALSEabdominalis. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) naegeli st. abdominalis Santschi, 1929d: 278 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 339. Raised to species: Kusnezov, 1951a: 250.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex naegelii TRUE TRUE FALSEnaegelii. Pogonomyrmex naegelii Forel, in Emery, 1878a: x (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 612 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972b: 237 (l.). Combination in P. (Ephebomyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390; in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 341. Senior synonym of rupununi, venezuelensis: Kempf, 1960f: 428. See also: Forel, 1886b: xli; Gallardo, 1932b: 109.
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera ruficornis FALSE FALSE FALSEruficornis. Ponera ruficornis Spinola, 1851b: 53 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Spinola, 1853: 96.] [Emery, 1893h: 2 notes that the specimen is head and prothorax of Dolichoderus sp., rest of body is Platythyrea sp.] See also: Brown, 1975: 9, who refers the name to Platythyrea.] This compound specimen is probably best regarded as an unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Ponera.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Prionopelta punctulata TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctulata. Prionopelta punctulata Mayr, 1866a: 505 (q.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 549 (w.); Forel, 1893g: 367 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 120 (l.). Senior synonym of bruchi, mayri: Brown, 1960a: 178.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium brasiliense TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliense. Proceratium brasiliense Borgmeier, 1959a: 309, figs. 1, 2 (w.) BRAZIL. Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 143 (q.).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus adlerzi TRUE TRUE FALSEadlerzi. Cataulacus adlerzi Mayr, 1887: 562 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973b: 79 (l.). Combination in Procryptocerus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 139. Subspecies of striatus: Emery, 1894c: 199. Revived status as species, senior synonym of latitans and material of the unavailable name muelleri referred here: Kempf, 1951: 79.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus attenuatus TRUE TRUE FALSEattenuatus. Meranoplus attenuatus Smith, F. 1876d: 610, pl. 11, fig. 9 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Cataulacus: Mayr, 1886c: 364; in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470. Subspecies of subpilosus: Forel, 1911e: 263; Kempf, 1951: 61. Revived status as species: Kempf, 1963c: 436. Senior synonym of puncticeps: Forel, 1911e: 263; of guianensis: Kempf, 1963c: 436. See also: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 6.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus clathratus TRUE TRUE FALSEclathratus. Procryptocerus clathratus Emery, 1896g: 94 (q.w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1951: 27; Kempf, 1957: 395.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus convergens TRUE TRUE FALSEconvergens. Cataulacus convergens Mayr, 1887: 564 (w.m.; not q., see Kempf, 1951: 97) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1957: 399 (q.). Combination in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1888c: 362. Subspecies of striatus: Emery, 1894c: 197; Forel, 1912e: 207; Santschi, 1933e: 117. Revived status as species and senior synonym of odiosa: Kempf, 1951: 95.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus convexus TRUE TRUE FALSEconvexus. Procryptocerus hirsutus r. convexus Forel, 1904c: 34 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 12. See also: Kempf, 1951: 35.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus curvistriatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvistriatus. Procryptocerus sulcatus subsp. curvistriatus Kempf, 1949: 425, fig. 5 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Kempf, 1964b: 243. See also: Kempf, 1951: 72.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus elegans TRUE TRUE FALSEelegans. Procryptocerus elegans Santschi, 1921g: 98 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1951: 102; Kempf, 1964b: 245.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus gibbosus TRUE TRUE FALSEgibbosus. Procryptocerus gibbosus Kempf, 1949: 423, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1951: 105.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Procryptocerus goeldii Forel, 1899c: 45 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1907a: 12 (q.); Kempf, 1951: 48 (m.). See also: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 15.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus gracilis TRUE TRUE FALSEgracilis. Meranoplus gracilis Smith, F. 1858b: 194 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Cataulacus: Mayr, 1886c: 361; in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470. See also: Kempf, 1951: 52.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus hirsutus TRUE TRUE FALSEhirsutus. Procryptocerus hirsutus Emery, 1896g: 96 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1951: 34; Longino & Snelling, 2002: 15.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus lenkoi TRUE TRUE FALSElenkoi. Procryptocerus lenkoi Kempf, 1969: 283, figs. 4-6 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus lepidus TRUE TRUE FALSElepidus. Procryptocerus subpilosus st. lepidus Forel, 1908c: 355 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Kempf, 1964b: 247.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus marginatus TRUE TRUE FALSEmarginatus. Procryptocerus marginatus Borgmeier, 1948a: 201, fig. 26 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1951: 58.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus montanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmontanus. Procryptocerus montanus Kempf, 1957: 400, figs. 6-10 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus petiolatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpetiolatus. Meranoplus petiolatus Smith, F. 1853: 224, pl. 20, fig. 7 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus regularis TRUE TRUE FALSEregularis. Procryptocerus convergens r. regularis Emery, 1888c: 362 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1951: 77 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973b: 81 (l.). Subspecies of striatus: Forel, 1901h: 50; Emery, 1924d: 302. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 140; Kempf, 1951: 74. Material of the unavailable names concentricus, loretensis, rotundiceps referred here: Kempf, 1951: 74.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus sampaioi TRUE TRUE FALSEsampaioi. Procryptocerus sampaioi Forel, 1912e: 207 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kempf, 1951: 68.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus schmalzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschmalzi. Procryptocerus striatus subsp. schmalzi Emery, 1894c: 198 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 152 (l.). Raised to species: Kempf, 1951: 98.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus schmitti TRUE TRUE FALSEschmitti. Procryptocerus schmitti Forel, 1901e: 338 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1951: 40 (q.m.). See also: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 26.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus seabrai TRUE TRUE FALSEseabrai. Procryptocerus seabrai Kempf, 1964b: 248, figs. 1-8 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus striatus TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatus. Meranoplus striatus Smith, F. 1860c: 77, pl. 4, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Cataulacus: Mayr, 1886c: 361; in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470. See also: Kempf, 1951: 93.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus subpilosus TRUE TRUE FALSEsubpilosus. Meranoplus subpilosus Smith, F. 1860c: 78, pl. 4, fig. 2 (w.) BRAZIL. Longino & Snelling, 2002: 28 (q.). Combination in Cataulacus: Mayr, 1886c: 361; in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470. See also: Kempf, 1951: 60.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus sulcatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsulcatus. Procryptocerus sulcatus Emery, 1894c: 200 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1951: 72 (q.).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus victoris TRUE TRUE FALSEvictoris. Procryptocerus victoris Kempf, 1960f: 437, figs. 14-18 (w.) BRAZIL.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex adustus TRUE TRUE FALSEadustus. Pseudomyrma pallens var. adusta Borgmeier, 1929: 198 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1961a: 398 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973d: 207 (l.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960: 7. Raised to species: Kempf, 1961a: 396.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex alvarengai TRUE TRUE FALSEalvarengai. Pseudomyrmex alvarengai Kempf, 1961a: 372, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex atripes TRUE TRUE FALSEatripes. Pseudomyrma atripes Smith, F. 1860c: 70 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1967c: 2. Senior synonym of kitschelti: Kempf, 1967c: 2.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex cladoicus TRUE TRUE FALSEcladoicus. Pseudomyrma cladoica Smith, F. 1858b: 157, pl. 13, fig. 12 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 434. See also: Kempf, 1967c: 4.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex concolor TRUE TRUE FALSEconcolor. Pseudomyrma concolor Smith, F. 1860c: 70 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 400. Senior synonym of latinoda (and its junior synonym damnosa): Ward, 1989: 435; of endophyta: Ward, 1999b: 487.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex deminutus TRUE TRUE FALSEdeminutus. Pseudomyrmex deminutus Ward, 1999b: 517, figs. 50, 59, 68 (q.) BRAZIL.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex dendroicus TRUE TRUE FALSEdendroicus. Pseudomyrma dendroica Forel, 1904c: 40 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 408. Junior synonym of triplarinus: Kempf, 1961a: 408. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of emarginata: Ward, 1989: 436. See also: Ward, 1999b: 490.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex duckei TRUE TRUE FALSEduckei. Pseudomyrma duckei Forel, 1906d: 227 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex ejectus TRUE TRUE FALSEejectus. Pseudomyrma ejecta Smith, F. 1858b: 157 (w.) "probably Brazil". Emery, 1894c: 147 (q.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 217. Senior synonym of lincecumii: Ward, 1989: 436. See also: Ward, 1985b: 232.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex ethicus TRUE TRUE FALSEethicus. Pseudomyrma ethica Forel, 1911e: 280 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex faber TRUE TRUE FALSEfaber. Pseudomyrma faber Smith, F. 1858b: 157, pl. 13, fig. 11 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 449. Senior synonym of perforator: Perrault, 1988a: 384.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex flavidulus TRUE TRUE FALSEflavidulus. Pseudomyrma flavidula Smith, F. 1858b: 157 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 84 (q.m.); Emery, 1899c: 6 (l.). Combination in Leptalea: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 788; in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1953e: 214. See also: Smith, M.R. 1958c: 112.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex gibbinotus TRUE TRUE FALSEgibbinotus. Pseudomyrma pallens var. gibbinota Forel, 1908c: 384 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1961a: 385 (q.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960a: 7. Raised to species: Kempf, 1961a: 384.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Pseudomyrma goeldii Forel, 1912g: 28 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 219.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex incurrens TRUE TRUE FALSEincurrens. Pseudomyrma championi r. incurrens Forel, 1912g: 21 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 396. Raised to species: Kempf, 1961a: 396.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex laevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigatus. Pseudomyrma laevigata Smith, F. 1877b: 62 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 443. Subspecies of gracilis: Emery, 1890b: 61. Revived status as species: Forel, 1899c: 91.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex longus TRUE TRUE FALSElongus. Pseudomyrma decipiens r. longa Forel, 1912g: 24 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1967c: 6. Subspecies of elongatulus: Kempf, 1967c: 6. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 41.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex maculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEmaculatus. Pseudomyrma maculata Smith, F. 1855c: 158 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 454. Subspecies of gracilis: Emery, 1890b: 60. Revived status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 57; Mann, 1916: 426. Senior synonym of laticeps, wagneri: Kempf, 1958f: 454.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Leptalaea mandibularis Spinola, 1851b: 52 (w.) BRAZIL. [Also described as new by Spinola, 1853: 68.] Combination in Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 156; in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex oculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEoculatus. Pseudomyrma oculata Smith, F. 1855c: 159, pl. 13 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 375. Senior synonym of advena: Forel, 1911e: 277; of dolichopsis, implicata: Kempf, 1961a: 375; of altinoda, tuberculata, wessoni: Ward, 1989: 422.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex penetrator TRUE TRUE FALSEpenetrator. Pseudomyrma penetrator Smith, F. 1877b: 66 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958: 435. Junior synonym of concolor: Kempf, 1967c: 5. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of coronata Wheeler (and its junior synonym coronata Enzmann), nigrescens: Ward, 1999b: 499.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex phyllophilus TRUE TRUE FALSEphyllophilus. Pseudomyrma phyllophila Smith, F. 1858b: 156 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1967c: 8. Senior synonym of mutica (and its junior synonym paulina): Kempf, 1967c: 8.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex pictus TRUE TRUE FALSEpictus. Pseudomyrma picta Stitz, 1913: 209, fig. 2 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 399. Senior synonym of casta, heterogyna, humboldi: Ward, 1999b: 524. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 171.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex pisinnus TRUE TRUE FALSEpisinnus. Pseudomyrmex pisinnus Ward, 1989: 425, fig. 11 (w.) BRAZIL.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex pupa TRUE TRUE FALSEpupa. Pseudomyrma mutilloides subsp. pupa Forel, 1911e: 274 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 441. Raised to species: Kempf, 1958f: 441.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex rochai TRUE TRUE FALSErochai. Pseudomyrma rochai Forel, 1912g: 27 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 222.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex rubiginosus TRUE TRUE FALSErubiginosus. Pseudomyrma sericea var. rubiginosa Stitz, 1913: 211 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 223. Raised to species and senior synonym of huberi: Ward, 1999b: 525.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex schuppi TRUE TRUE FALSEschuppi. Pseudomyrma schuppi Forel, 1901d: 298 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1961a: 381 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973d: 207 (l.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 380. Senior synonym of confusior, geraensis: Kempf, 1961a: 380. See also: Ward, 1989: 426.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex simplex TRUE TRUE FALSEsimplex. Pseudomyrma simplex Smith, F. 1877b: 64 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 223. Senior synonym of capperi, delicatula, panamensis and material of the unavailable name vittata referred here: Ward, 1985b: 238. See also: Ward, 1992: 75 (specimen in amber).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex squamifer TRUE TRUE FALSEsquamifer. Pseudomyrma gracilis subsp. squamifera Emery, 1890b: 60, pl. 5, fig. 20 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 457. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 59; Forel, 1895b: 123; Kempf, 1958f: 457.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex tachigaliae TRUE TRUE FALSEtachigaliae. Pseudomyrma latinoda r. tachigaliae Forel, 1904e: 686 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 400. Raised to species and senior synonym of bradleyi Wheeler (and its junior synonym bradleyi Enzmann): Ward, 1989: 444. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 170; Ward, 1999b: 501.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex tenuis TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuis. Formica tenuis Fabricius, 1804: 405 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1960a: 28 (q.). Combination in Pseudomyrma: Roger, 1862c: 289; in P. (Ornatinoda): Enzmann, 1944: 61; in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960a: 7. Senior synonym of ligniseca: Roger, 1862c: 289; of andina, paraensis, pittieri, rufa: Kempf, 1960a: 26. See also: Perrault, 1988a: 384.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex tenuissimus TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuissimus. Pseudomyrma subtilissima subsp. tenuissima Emery, 1906c: 119 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973d: 207 (l.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 224. Raised to species and senior synonym of culmicola: Ward, 1989: 432.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex terminalis TRUE TRUE FALSEterminalis. Pseudomyrma terminalis Smith, F. 1877b: 64 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex termitarius TRUE TRUE FALSEtermitarius. Pseudomyrma termitaria Smith, F. 1855c: 158 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973d: 207 (l.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960a: 8. Junior synonym of gracilis: Forel, 1911e: 276. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of gracilis: Forel, 1912g: 19. Subspecies of denticollis: Gallardo, 1932a: 56. Revived status as species: Kempf, 1960a: 8. Senior synonym of breviceps, elegans, infusca: Kempf, 1960a: 8; of nigriceps: Perrault, 1988a: 384.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex triplaridis TRUE TRUE FALSEtriplaridis. Pseudomyrma triplaridis Forel, 1904e: 684 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1953e: 214. Senior synonym of boxi Wheeler (and its junior synonym boxi Enzmann): Ward, 1989: 444. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 182; Kempf, 1961a: 400; Ward, 1999b: 503.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex triplarinus TRUE TRUE FALSEtriplarinus. Myrmica triplarina Weddell, 1850: 263 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1990a: 464 (l.). Ward, 1999b: 505 (designation of neotype). Combination in Pseudomyrma: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 186; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386. Senior synonym of arborissanctae: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 186; of ecuadoriana: Brown, 1949a: 44; of cordobensis, rurrenabaquensis: Ward, 1999b: 505. See also: Kempf, 1961a: 408.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex unicolor TRUE TRUE FALSEunicolor. Pseudomyrma unicolor Smith, F. 1855c: 158 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 439. Senior synonym of anceps, mutilloides: Kempf, 1958f: 439; of atra: Kempf, 1969: 276.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex urbanus TRUE TRUE FALSEurbanus. Pseudomyrma urbana Smith, F. 1877b: 65 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83. Senior synonym of chodati, ogloblini: Ward, 1989: 427.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex venustus TRUE TRUE FALSEvenustus. Pseudomyrma venusta Smith, F. 1858b: 158 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83. Senior synonym of agilis (and its junior synonyms carapuna, peruviana Enzmann), sedula: Kempf, 1967c: 10.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex viduus TRUE TRUE FALSEviduus. Pseudomyrma vidua Smith, F. 1858b: 158 (m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1964: 83. Senior synonym of baileyi (and its junior synonym biolleyi), caroli, sapii, tigrina (and its junior synonym trigona), ulei: Ward, 1989: 445; of opacior: Ward, 1999b: 510.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex villosus TRUE TRUE FALSEvillosus. Pseudomyrmex villosus Ward, 1989: 434, figs. 39, 39 (w.) BRAZIL.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex vinneni TRUE TRUE FALSEvinneni. Pseudomyrma sericea var. vinneni Forel, 1906d: 230 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 223. Raised to species: Ward, 1999b: 526.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex acanthobius virgo TRUE TRUE FALSEvirgo. Pseudomyrma acanthobia var. virgo Santschi, 1922b: 345 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 215.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica appretiata TRUE TRUE FALSEappretiata. Glamyromyrmex appretiatus Borgmeier, 1954b: 282, figs. 7-9 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 159.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica beebei TRUE TRUE FALSEbeebei. Glamyromyrmex beebei Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 488, fig. 2 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Brown, 1950a: 32; Bolton, 2000: 167.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica browni TRUE TRUE FALSEbrowni. Pyramica browni Bolton, 2000: 168, figs. 123, 175 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica cincinnata TRUE TRUE FALSEcincinnata. Smithistruma cincinnata Kempf, 1975a: 419, figs. 8-10 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 198.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica comis TRUE TRUE FALSEcomis. Gymnomyrmex comis Kempf, 1959d: 342, figs. 3, 5, 6, 9 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 232.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica crassicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEcrassicornis. Strumigenys crassicornis Mayr, 1887: 577 (w.) BRAZIL. Brown, 1959b: 12 (q.). Combination in Neostruma: Brown, 1948e: 111; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 181.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica dapsilis TRUE TRUE FALSEdapsilis. Pyramica dapsilis Bolton, 2000: 217, fig. 148 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica decipula TRUE TRUE FALSEdecipula. Pyramica decipula Bolton, 2000: 183 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica deinomastax TRUE TRUE FALSEdeinomastax. Pyramica deinomastax Bolton, 2000: 160, figs. 124, 185 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica denticulata TRUE TRUE FALSEdenticulata. Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887: 576 (w.) BRAZIL. Brown, 1960b: 47 (q.). Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Senior synonyn of aschnae, aschnakiranae: Bolton, Sosa-Calvo, et al. 2008: 62. See also: Bolton, 2000: 183.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica dentinasis TRUE TRUE FALSEdentinasis. Gymnomyrmex dentinasis Kempf, 1960f: 450, figs. 24, 26, 30 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 232.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica fridericimuelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEfridericimuelleri. Strumigenys fridericimuelleri Forel, 1886a: 213 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in S. (Cephaloxys): Emery, 1924d: 325; in Smithistruma: Brown, 1953g: 98; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 155.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica furtiva TRUE TRUE FALSEfurtiva. Pyramica furtiva Bolton, 2000: 156 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica glenognatha TRUE TRUE FALSEglenognatha. Pyramica glenognatha Bolton, 2000: 160 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica hadrodens TRUE TRUE FALSEhadrodens. Pyramica hadrodens Bolton, 2000: 161 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica minuscula TRUE TRUE FALSEminuscula. Gymnomyrmex minusculus Kempf, 1962b: 24, figs. 22-24 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 202.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica moloch TRUE TRUE FALSEmoloch. Pyramica moloch Bolton, 2000: 235, figs. 156, 182 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica perissognatha TRUE TRUE FALSEperissognatha. Pyramica perissognatha Bolton, 2000: 238, figs. 160, 181 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica reticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEreticeps. Codiomyrmex reticeps Kempf, 1969: 286, figs. 7-9 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Glamyromyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 208; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 242.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica rugithorax TRUE TRUE FALSErugithorax. Gymnomyrmex rugithorax Kempf, 1959d: 339, figs. 2, 4, 7 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 236.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica schulzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschulzi. Strumigenys schulzi Emery, 1894c: 213, pl. 1, fig. 7 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 144 (l.). Combination in S. (Cephaloxys): Emery, 1924d: 325; in Smithistruma: Brown, 1953g: 108; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Senior synonym of studiosi: Bolton, 2000: 225.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica splendens TRUE TRUE FALSEsplendens. Gymnomyrmex splendens Borgmeier, 1954b: 279, figs. 1-6 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1959d: 339 (q.). Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 236.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica stenotes TRUE TRUE FALSEstenotes. Pyramica stenotes Bolton, 2000: 192 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica subedentata TRUE TRUE FALSEsubedentata. Strumigenys subedentata Mayr, 1887: 575 (w.) BRAZIL. Brown, 1960b: 49 (q.m.). Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Senior synonym of clavata, tristani: Brown, 1960b: 48; of kiranae: Bolton, Sosa-Calvo, et al. 2008: 62. See also: Bolton, 2000: 193.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica sublucida TRUE TRUE FALSEsublucida. Smithistruma (Smithistruma) sublucida Brown, 1953g: 99 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 158.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica substricta TRUE TRUE FALSEsubstricta. Glamyromyrmex substrictus Kempf, 1964e: 68, figs. 21-23 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 239.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica tanymastax TRUE TRUE FALSEtanymastax. Smithistruma tanymastax Brown, 1964a: 183, pl. 16, fig. 1 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 241.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Rhopalothrix acutipilis TRUE TRUE FALSEacutipilis. Rhopalothrix acutipilis Kempf, 1962b: 28, fig. 28 (q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Rhopalothrix plaumanni TRUE TRUE FALSEplaumanni. Rhopalothrix plaumanni Brown & Kempf, 1960: 235, fig. 58 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria blanda TRUE TRUE FALSEblanda. Myrmica blanda Smith, F. 1858b: 131 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1989a: 325 (l.); Kugler, C. 1994: 37 (q.m.). Combination in Tetramorium: Mayr, 1886c: 359; in Rogeria: Emery, 1894c: 189. Senior synonym of foveata: Kempf, 1965: 185.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria germaini TRUE TRUE FALSEgermaini. Rogeria germaini Emery, 1894c: 189 (w.) BRAZIL. Kugler, C. 1994: 42 (q.). See also: Kempf, 1962b: 20. Senior synonym of minensis: Kugler, C. 1994: 42.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria lacertosa TRUE TRUE FALSElacertosa. Rogeria lacertosa Kempf, 1963a: 194, fig. 5, 6 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 44.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria pellecta TRUE TRUE FALSEpellecta. Rogeria pellecta Kempf, 1963a: 191, figs. 3, 4 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 45.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria procera TRUE TRUE FALSEprocera. Rogeria procera Emery, 1896g: 92, pl. 1, fig. 19 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973b: 74 (l.). Combination in R. (Irogera): Emery, 1915i: 191; in Irogera: Brown, 1953h: 4 (in text); in Rogeria: Kempf, 1965: 185. Senior synonym of brasiliensis: Kempf, 1961d: 437. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 40.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria prominula TRUE TRUE FALSEprominula. Rogeria prominula Kugler, C. 1994: 35, fig. 14 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria sicaria TRUE TRUE FALSEsicaria. Rogeria sicaria Kempf, 1962b: 22, figs. 20, 21 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 45.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria subarmata TRUE TRUE FALSEsubarmata. Irogera subarmata Kempf, 1961d: 438, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Rogeria: Kempf, 1965: 185. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 40.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex bondari TRUE TRUE FALSEbondari. Sericomyrmex bondari Borgmeier, 1937b: 248, figs. 37, 38 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex burchelli TRUE TRUE FALSEburchelli. Sericomyrmex burchelli Forel, 1905b: 183 (q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex luederwaldti TRUE TRUE FALSEluederwaldti. Sericomyrmex luederwaldti Santschi, 1925b: 15 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Sericomyrmex mayri Forel, 1912e: 194 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex moreirai TRUE TRUE FALSEmoreirai. Sericomyrmex moreirai Santschi, 1925b: 16 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex opacus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
opacus. Sericomyrmex opacus Mayr, 1865: 84, pl. 3, fig. 22 (q.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1866a: 505 (m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 11 (w.). Current subspecies: nominal plus muelleri.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex parvulus TRUE TRUE FALSEparvulus. Sericomyrmex parvulus Forel, 1912e: 193 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex saussurei TRUE TRUE FALSEsaussurei. Sericomyrmex saussurei Emery, 1894c: 223 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex scrobifer TRUE TRUE FALSEscrobifer. Sericomyrmex scrobifer Forel, 1911c: 296 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex opacus muelleri TRUE TRUE FALSEmuelleri. Sericomyrmex opacus var. muelleri Forel, 1912e: 195 (q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta bicolor TRUE TRUE FALSEbicolor. Simopelta bicolor Borgmeier, 1950a: 377, figs. 13-20 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 299; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 273; Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 297.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta curvata TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvata. Belonopelta curvata Mayr, 1887: 532 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in B. (Simopelta): Mann, 1922: 10; in Simopelta: Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 13; in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 265; Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 300.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta jeckylli TRUE TRUE FALSEjeckylli. Belonopelta jeckylli Mann, 1916: 415, pl. 2, figs. 12, 13 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in B. (Simopelta): Mann, 1922: 10; in Simopelta: Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 14; in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Gotwald & Brown, 1967; 267; Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 303.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta minima TRUE TRUE FALSEminima. Belonopelta minima Brandão, 1989: 136, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 312.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis angulata TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
angulata. Solenopsis angulata Emery, 1894g: 393 (footnote) (w.q.) BRAZIL. Combination in S. (Diplorhoptrum): Santschi, 1925e: 161; in S. (Oedaleocerus): Creighton, 1930b: 146. [Misspelled as angustata by Santschi, 1912e: 526.] Current subspecies: nominal plus carettei, dolichops, huasanensis, mendozensis, nigelloides.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis basalis TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
basalis. Solenopsis basalis Forel, 1895j: 178 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1913l: 219 (q.m.). Current subspecies: nominal plus major, oculatior, raptor, urichi, vittata.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis brasiliana TRUE TRUE FALSEbrasiliana. Solenopsis brasiliana Santschi, 1925d: 235 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
brevicornis. Solenopsis brevicornis Emery, 1888c: 356 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus petropolitana.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis bucki TRUE TRUE FALSEbucki. Solenopsis bucki Kempf, 1973a: 30, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis clytemnestra TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
clytemnestra. Solenopsis clytemnestra Emery, 1896g: 87 (w.) BRAZIL. Emery, 1906c: 124 (m.). Current subspecies: nominal plus bruchi, leda, orestes, strangulata.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis franki TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
franki. Solenopsis franki Forel, 1908c: 364 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1909a: 259 (q.). Current subspecies: nominal plus idae.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis globularia TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
globularia. Myrmica globularia Smith, F. 1858b: 131 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Solenopsis: Roger, 1863b: 32; in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 110. Material of the unavailable name curta referred here by Creighton, 1930b: 110. Current subspecies: nominal plus desecheoensis, littoralis, lucayensis, pacifica, steinheili.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis goeldii TRUE TRUE FALSEgoeldii. Solenopsis goeldii Forel, 1912g: 9 (w.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis hammari TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
hammari. Solenopsis hammari Mayr, 1903: 400 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus carhuensis.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis hostilis TRUE TRUE FALSEhostilis. Labauchena hostilis Borgmeier, 1959a: 318, figs. 10, 11 (q.) BRAZIL. Combination in Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 141.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Solenopsis iheringi Forel, 1908c: 362 (w.m.) BRAZIL. [Sometimes misspelled as jheringi, for example Kempf, 1972a: 237.]
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis invicta TRUE TRUE FALSEinvicta. Solenopsis invicta Buren, 1972: 9, fig. 2 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1977: 588 (l.). Junior synonym of wagneri: Bolton, 1995b: 388. [Trager, 1991: 173 incorrectly gave wagneri as an unavailable name; the name is available and has priority over invicta, see note under wagneri.] S. invicta conserved over wagneri because of usage, in accord with ICZN (1999): Shattuck, Porter & Wojcik, 1999: 27. See also: Rhoades, 1977: 1; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1386.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis medioclara TRUE TRUE FALSEmedioclara. Solenopsis brevicornis var. medioclara Santschi, 1923c: 254 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 54.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis megergates TRUE TRUE FALSEmegergates. Solenopsis megergates Trager, 1991: 181, figs. 68, 69, 72, 73 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis nigella TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
nigella. Solenopsis nigella Emery, 1888c: 355 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912g: 5 (q.). Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 130. Current subspecies: nominal plus gensterblumi.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis pusillignis TRUE TRUE FALSEpusillignis. Solenopsis pusillignis Trager, 1991: 194, figs. 40, 41, 44, 45, 84 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis reichenspergeri TRUE TRUE FALSEreichenspergeri. Solenopsis reichenspergeri Santschi, 1923c: 256 (w.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1929: 211 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis saevissima TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
saevissima. Myrmica saevissima Smith, F. 1855c: 166, pl. 13, fig. 18 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Solenopsis: Mayr, 1862: 751. Goni, Zolessi & Imai, 1983: 365 (k.). Junior synonym of geminata: Mayr, 1865: 109; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of geminata: Wheeler, W.M. 1915b: 395. Revived status as species: Mann, 1916: 447; Santschi, 1916e: 378; Santschi, 1923c: 265; Creighton, 1930b: 80. Senior synonym of gracilior: Creighton, 1930b: 80; of moelleri (and its junior synonyms incrassata, morosa), perfida: Wilson, 1952b: 55. Material of the unavailable name picea referred here by Trager, 1991: 189. Current subspecies: nominal plus itinerans. See also: Buren, 1972: 15; Trager, 1991: 188.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis scelesta TRUE TRUE FALSEscelesta. Solenopsis decipiens var. scelesta Forel, 1908c: 364 (w.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 53.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis schmalzi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
schmalzi. Solenopsis schmalzi Forel, 1901d: 297 (w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus flaveolens.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis substituta TRUE TRUE FALSEsubstituta. Solenopsis tridens var. substituta Santschi, 1925d: 236 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Raised to species: Trager, 1991: 161.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tenuis TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
tenuis. Solenopsis tenuis Mayr, 1878: 874 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1913l: 222 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955c: 135 (l.). Current subspecies: nominal plus delfinoi, minuiscens.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tridens TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
tridens. Solenopsis tridens Forel, 1911c: 298 (w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus lehmannnitschei. See also: Trager, 1991: 162.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis virulens TRUE TRUE FALSEvirulens. Myrmica virulens Smith, F. 1858b: 132 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Solenopsis: Dalla Torre, 1893: 76. Junior synonym of geminata: Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Creighton, 1950a: 231; of bondari: Kempf & Brown, 1968: 99. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of bondari: Trager, 1991: 155.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis westwoodi TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
westwoodi. Solenopsis westwoodi Forel, 1894b: 100 (w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus atticola, platensis.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis basalis vittata TRUE TRUE FALSEvittata. Solenopsis basalis var. vittata Forel, 1912g: 6 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis picea subadpressa TRUE TRUE FALSEsubadpressa. Solenopsis picea r. subadpressa Forel, 1903c: 257 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis clytemnestra strangulata TRUE TRUE FALSEstrangulata. Solenopsis clytemnestra r. strangulata Forel, 1913l: 221 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis schmalzi flaveolens TRUE TRUE FALSEflaveolens. Solenopsis schmalzi st. flaveolens Forel, 1901d: 298 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1923c: 255 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis stricta foederata TRUE TRUE FALSEfoederata. Solenopsis stricta st. foederata Santschi, 1923c: 255 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis nigella gensterblumi TRUE TRUE FALSEgensterblumi. Solenopsis picta r. gensterblumi Forel, 1901d: 298 (w.) BRAZIL. [Misspelled as gerstenblumi by Emery, 1922e: 200.] Senior synonym of prevalens: Creighton, 1930b: 132. Currently subspecies of nigella: Creighton, 1930b: 132.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis franki idae TRUE TRUE FALSEidae. Solenopsis franki subsp. idae Forel, 1908c: 365 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis clytemnestra leda TRUE TRUE FALSEleda. Solenopsis clytemnestra var. leda Forel, 1913l: 221 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis corticalis margotae TRUE TRUE FALSEmargotae. Solenopsis corticalis subsp. margotae Forel, 1908c: 364 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis patagonica medeis TRUE TRUE FALSEmedeis. Solenopsis patagonica r. medeis Forel, 1912g: 10 (w.m.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis tenuis minuiscens TRUE TRUE FALSEminuiscens. Solenopsis tenuis var. minuiscens Forel, 1912g: 8 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis succinea nicai TRUE TRUE FALSEnicai. Solenopsis succinea r. nicai Forel, 1913l: 222 (w.) BRAZIL. Santschi, 1923c: 267 (q.m.). Combination in S. (Diagyne): Santschi, 1923c: 267.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis clytemnestra orestes TRUE TRUE FALSEorestes. Solenopsis clytemnestra r. orestes Forel, 1903c: 256 (w.m.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1912g: 6 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis metanotalis pelotana TRUE TRUE FALSEpelotana. Solenopsis metanotalis var. pelotana Forel, 1912g: 5 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Currently subspecies of metanotalis: Creighton, 1930b: 127.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis brevicornis petropolitana TRUE TRUE FALSEpetropolitana. Solenopsis brevicornis var. petropolitana Borgmeier, 1928a: 35, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis albidula postbrunnea TRUE TRUE FALSEpostbrunnea. Solenopsis albidula var. postbrunnea Forel, 1913l: 220 (w.) BRAZIL.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Sphinctomyrmex stali TRUE TRUE FALSEstali. Sphinctomyrmex stali Mayr, 1866b: 895, pl. 20, fig. 8 (q.) BRAZIL. Borgmeier, 1957: 105 (w.).
Myrmicinae Stegomyrmecini Stegomyrmex bensoni TRUE TRUE FALSEbensoni. Stegomyrmex bensoni Feitosa, Brandão & Diniz, 2008: 69, figs. 1, 7 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stegomyrmecini Stegomyrmex olindae TRUE TRUE FALSEolindae. Stegomyrmex olindae Feitosa, Brandão & Diniz, 2008: 71, figs. 2, 3, 6, 7 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stegomyrmecini Stegomyrmex vizottoi TRUE TRUE FALSEvizottoi. Stegomyrmex vizottoi Diniz, 1990: 290, figs. 7-9, 11, 12, 18-21, 25-28, 32-35 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Feitosa, Brandão & Diniz, 2008: 76 (m.). See also: Diniz & Brandão, 1993: 301.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys ascita TRUE TRUE FALSEascita. Strumigenys ascita Bolton, 2000: 550 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys borgmeieri TRUE TRUE FALSEborgmeieri. Strumigenys borgmeieri Brown, 1954l: 57 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 531.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys cosmostela TRUE TRUE FALSEcosmostela. Strumigenys cosmostela Kempf, 1975a: 413, figs. 1, 2 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 520.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys cultrigera TRUE TRUE FALSEcultrigera. Strumigenys cultriger Mayr, 1887: 571 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brown, 1957c: 97; Bolton, 2000: 532.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys diabola TRUE TRUE FALSEdiabola. Strumigenys diabola Bolton, 2000: 533, fig. 316 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys gytha TRUE TRUE FALSEgytha. Strumigenys gytha Bolton, 2000: 553 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Strumigenys mandibularis Smith, F. 1860c: 72, pl. 4, figs. 6, 8, 10 (q., not w.; see Mayr, 1887: 574) BRAZIL. Senior synonym of batesi: Brown, 1953d: 53. See also: Donisthorpe, 1948h: 78; Bolton, 2000: 535.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys princeps TRUE TRUE FALSEprinceps. Strumigenys princeps Kempf & Brown, 1969: 21, figs. 4, 5 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 548.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys quadrua TRUE TRUE FALSEquadrua. Strumigenys quadrua Bolton, 2000: 557 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys rehi TRUE TRUE FALSErehi. Strumigenys rehi Forel, 1907e: 3 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brown, 1958c: 222; Bolton, 2000: 538.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys saliens TRUE TRUE FALSEsaliens. Strumigenys saliens Mayr, 1887: 574 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 140 (l.). Senior synonym of angusticeps, procera: Brown, 1954l: 55. See also: Bolton, 2000: 538.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys sanctipauli TRUE TRUE FALSEsanctipauli. Strumigenys sanctipauli Kempf, 1958g: 556, figs. 1-4 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 539.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys schmalzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschmalzi. Strumigenys schmalzi Emery, 1906c: 169 (footnote), fig. 28 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brown, 1959f: 28; Bolton, 2000: 558.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys smilax TRUE TRUE FALSEsmilax. Strumigenys smilax Bolton, 2000: 562, figs. 330, 350, 352 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys smithii TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithii. Strumigenys smithii Forel, 1886a: 215 (w.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1893g: 375 (q.m.). Senior synonym of inaequalis: Brown, 1953f: 104. See also: Bolton, 2000: 539.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys thomae TRUE TRUE FALSEthomae. Strumigenys thomae Kempf, 1976b: 39, figs. 1-3 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 549.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys tococae TRUE TRUE FALSEtococae. Strumigenys tococae Wheeler, W.M. & Bequaert, 1929: 31 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brown, 1957c: 101; Bolton, 2000: 565.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys trudifera TRUE TRUE FALSEtrudifera. Strumigenys trudifera Kempf & Brown, 1969: 18, figs. 1-3 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Bolton, 2000: 568.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys vilhenai TRUE TRUE FALSEvilhenai. Strumigenys vilhenai Bolton, 2000: 522 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma amazone TRUE TRUE FALSEamazone. Tapinoma amazonae Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 185 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma atriceps TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
atriceps. Tapinoma (Micromyrma) atriceps Emery, 1888c: 363 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus breviscapum.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma gibbosum TRUE TRUE FALSEgibbosum. Tapinoma gibbosum Stitz, 1933: 70, fig. 2 (w.) BRAZIL.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma heyeri TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
heyeri. Tapinoma heyeri Forel, 1902e: 296 (footnote), pl. 1, fig. 11 (w.) BRAZIL. Current subspecies: nominal plus risii.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma atriceps breviscapum TRUE TRUE FALSEbreviscapum. Tapinoma atriceps var. breviscapa Forel, 1908c: 384 (w.q.) BRAZIL.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex contumax TRUE TRUE FALSEcontumax. Thaumatomyrmex contumax Kempf, 1975b: 108, figs. 13, 22, 33 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brandão, Diniz & Tomotake, 1991: 336.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex mutilatus TRUE TRUE FALSEmutilatus. Thaumatomyrmex mutilatus Mayr, 1887: 531 (w.) BRAZIL. Kempf, 1954: 48 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 450 (l.). See also: Kempf, 1975b: 103.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex agudensis TRUE TRUE FALSEagudensis. Trachymyrmex agudensis Kempf, 1967a: 124, figs. 4-6 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex atlanticus TRUE TRUE FALSEatlanticus. Trachymyrmedx atlanticus Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2007: 5, figs. 1-4, 30 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex cirratus TRUE TRUE FALSEcirratus. Trachymyrmex cirratus Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2005: 275, figs. 9-12 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex dichrous TRUE TRUE FALSEdichrous. Trachymyrmex dichrous Kempf, 1967a: 126, figs. 7-9 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex diversus TRUE TRUE FALSEdiversus. Trachymyrmex diversus Mann, 1916: 454 (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974d: 79 (l.). Senior synonym of phippsi: Weber, 1967: 274.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex farinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEfarinosus. Atta (Trachymyrmex) farinosa Emery, 1894c: 221 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. Senior synonym of trifurcatus: Weber, 1958b: 51.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Atta (Acromyrmex) iheringi Emery, 1888c: 359 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. Combination in Atta (Trachymyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 601; in Acromyrmex (Trachymyrmex): Forel, 1914d: 282; in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. [Name sometimes misspelled as jheringi, for example by Kempf, 1972a: 253.] See also: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2005: 286.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex ixyodus TRUE TRUE FALSEixyodus. Trachymyrmex ixyodus Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2007: 11, figs. 15-18, 30 (w.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex oetkeri TRUE TRUE FALSEoetkeri. Atta (Trachymyrmex) oetkeri Forel, 1908c: 352 (w.) BRAZIL. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Tranopelta subterranea TRUE TRUE FALSEsubterranea. Monomorium (Mitara) subterraneum Mann, 1916: 444, pl. 4, figs. 29, 30 (w.) BRAZIL. Fernández, 2003c: 658 (q.m.). Combination in Tranopelta: Emery, 1919b: 61. Junior synonym of huberi: Emery, 1919b: 61. Revived from synonymy: Emery, 1922e: 193.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Tropidomyrmex elianae TRUE TRUE FALSEelianae. Tropidomyrmex elianae Silva, Feitosa, et al. 2009: 39, figs. 1-11 (w.q.m.l.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex foreli TRUE TRUE FALSEforeli. Typhlomyrmex foreli Santschi, 1925b: 6 (q.) BRAZIL. See also: Brown, 1965c: 76.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex major TRUE TRUE FALSEmajor. Typhlomyrmex pusillus st. major Santschi, 1923c: 246 (w.) BRAZIL. Brown, 1965c: 72 (q.). Raised to species: Brown, 1965c: 71. See also: Lacau, et al. 2008: 252.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex meire TRUE TRUE FALSEmeire. Typhlomyrmex meire Lacau, Villemant & Delabie, 2004: 5, figs. 1 – 5 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex rogenhoferi TRUE TRUE FALSErogenhoferi. Typhlomyrmex rogenhoferi Mayr, 1862: 737 (w.) BRAZIL. Mayr, 1887: 538 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 42 (l.). Senior synonym of manco, robustus: Brown, 1957e: 229; of sculpturatus: Brown, 1965c: 74. See also: Lacau, et al. 2008: 252.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia affinis TRUE TRUE FALSEaffinis. Wasmannia affinis Santschi, 1929d: 300, figs. 25, 26 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 276.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia iheringi TRUE TRUE FALSEiheringi. Wasmannia iheringi Forel, 1908c: 359 (w.q.) BRAZIL. See also: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 279.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia lutzi TRUE TRUE FALSElutzi. Wasmannia lutzi Forel, 1908c: 357 (w.q.m.) BRAZIL. See also: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 279.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia rochai TRUE TRUE FALSErochai. Wasmannia rochai Forel, 1912g: 1 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 279.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia villosa TRUE TRUE FALSEvillosa. Wasmannia villosa Emery, 1894c: 194 (q.) BRAZIL.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria carinata TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinata. Rogeria carinata Kugler, C. 1994: 56, fig. 64 (w.) BRITISH VIRGIN IS.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus TRUE TRUE FALSE45 species
Procryptocerus Emery, 1887b: 470 (footnote). Type-species: Meranoplus striatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171.
Taxonomic history
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 139.
Procryptocerus in Cryptoceridae, Cryptocerinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Forel, 1892d: 345; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 132; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 43; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 300; all subsequent authors to the entry below; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Kempf, 1951: 14; all subsequent authors except anachronism above.
Genus Procryptocerus references
Mayr, 1870a: 413 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key (as Cataulacus)); Dalla Torre, 1893: 139 (catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 300 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1951: 15 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 211 (Neotropical catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 367 (catalogue); Longino & Snelling, 2002: 4 (Central America species key); Serna & Mackay, 2010: 7 (morphology); Serna, Bolton & Mackay, 2011: 67 (venation).
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus TRUE TRUE FALSE6 species
Mycocepurus Forel, 1893e: 602 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta (Mycocepurus) smithii, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.
Taxonomic history
[Mycocepurus Forel, 1893a: 164, nomen nudum. Mycocepurus also described as new by Forel, 1893g: 369.]
Mycocepurus in Myrmicinae: Forel, 1893g: 369.
Mycocepurus in Cryptoceridae, Dacetonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Mycocepurus in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 334; all subsequent authors.
Mycocepurus as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1893e: 602; Forel, 1893g: 369; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141.
Mycocepurus as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167; Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 334; all subsequent authors.
[Mycetopurus Santschi, 1925b: 17, incorrect subsequent spelling. (Perhaps a combination in error of Myceto(phylax) + (Mycoce)purus: Bolton, 1995b: 36).]
Junior synonym of MYCOCEPURUS
Descolemyrma Kusnezov, 1951d: 460. Type-species: Descolemyrma ogloblini (junior synonym of Mycocepurus goeldii), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Descolemyrma in Myrmicinae, Attini: Kusnezov, 1951d: 460.
Descolemyrma as junior synonym of Mycocepurus: Kempf, 1963b: 417.
Genus Mycocepurus references
Emery, 1924d: 334 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1963b: 417 (diagnosis, all species revision); Kempf, 1972a: 146 (catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 358 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 269 (catalogue); Mayhé-Nunes & Meneguete, 2000: 6 (all species key); Mackay, Maes, et al. 2004: 2 (North and Central America species key).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 44 species
Fossil: 1 species
Stenamma Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Stenamma westwoodii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stenamma in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 55 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 23 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 121.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 53; Kempf, 1972a: 242 (anachronism).
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 52 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Karavaiev, 1934: 96; Kugler, C. 1994: 25.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of STENAMMA
Asemorhoptrum Mayr, 1861: 76. Type-species: Myrmica lippula, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Asemorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 460; [Myrmicidae].
Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Stenamma: André, 1883a: 310; all subsequent authors except the following.
[Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]
Theryella Santschi, 1921d: 68. Type-species: Theryella myops (provisional junior synonym of Stenamma punctiventre), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Theryella as junior synonym of Stenamma: Santschi, 1923a: 136; all subsequent authors except the following.
[Theryella as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]
Genus Stenamma references
Roger, 1863b: 25, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20, 23 (Asemorhoptrum, Stenamma diagnoses); André, 1883a: 311 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 121 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Emery, 1908c: 306 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 127 (Italy species key); Emery, 1921f: 52 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnol'di, 1928b: 215 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 599 (Russia species key); Buren, 1944a: 284 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 135 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 153 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1957b: 141 (U.S.A. species key); Yasumatsu & Murakami, 1960: 28 (Japan species key); Smith, M.R. 1962a: 38 (Mexico and Central America species key); Gregg, 1963: 347 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 120 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 126 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 242 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1973c: 5 (Western U.S.A. species key); Arnol'di, 1975: 1826 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1977c: 74 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 535 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357 (North America, catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 297 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 268 (Balkans species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 116 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 14 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 29 (Armenia species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 344 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 393 (catalogue); Seifert, 1996b: 155 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 44 (Britain species key); Fernández, Baena & Palacio, 1996: 9 (Colombia species key); DuBois, 1998b: 215 (Palaearctic & Oriental species revision, keys); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 209 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lyu & Cho, 2004: 263 (Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 143 (North and Central Europe species key); Branstetter, 2009: 43 (diagnosis).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE37 species
Megalomyrmex Forel, 1885a: 371. Type-species: Megalomyrmex leoninus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica bituberculata, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.]
Megalomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 71.
Megalomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 57; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Megalomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Kusnezov, 1952b: 10 (in key).
Megalomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmex genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271; Brandão, 1990: 412.
Megalomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmecini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Megalomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 189; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Kusnezov, 1957a: 268; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of MEGALOMYRMEX
Wheelerimyrmex Mann, 1922: 29 [as subgenus of Megalomyrmex]. Type-species: Megalomyrmex silvestrii, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wheelerimyrmex as junior synonym of Megalomyrmex: Ettershank, 1966: 101; Brandão, 1990: 415.
Cepobroticus Wheeler, W.M. 1925d: 168 [as subgenus of Megalomyrmex]. Type-species: Megalomyrmex (Cepobroticus) symmetochus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cepobroticus as junior synonym of Megalomyrmex: Ettershank, 1966: 101; Brandão, 1990: 415.
Genus Megalomyrmex references
Emery, 1890b: 47 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 71 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 236 (all species key); Emery, 1922e: 189 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 32 (all species key); Ettershank, 1966: 101 (diagnosis, review of genus, checklist); Kempf, 1972a: 139 (catalogue); Bolton, 1987: 285 (genus); Brandão, 1990: 411 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 249 (catalogue); Longino, 2010: 37 (Central America species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus emarginatus TRUE TRUE FALSEemarginatus. Myrmecia emarginata Fabricius, 1804: 426 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 644 (l.). Combination in Odontomachus: Illiger, 1807: 194; in Stenomyrmex: Mayr, 1862: 711; in Anochetus: Emery, 1890a: 63. Senior synonym of quadrispinosus: Roger, 1862c: 289; of rugosus: Kempf, 1964f: 238. See also: Brown, 1978c: 609.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes clypeatus TRUE TRUE FALSEclypeatus. Cryptocerus clypeatus Fabricius, 1804: 420 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Smith, F. 1853: 217 (q.m.); Forel, 1906d: 235 (s.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 152 (l.). Combination in Cephalotes: Emery, 1914c: 39; in Cryptocerus (Zacryptocerus): Wheeler, W.M. 1916d: 326; in Zacryptocerus: Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 175; Emery, 1915i: 192; Santschi, 1916e: 283; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 286. See also: Kempf, 1951: 136; Kempf, 1973c: 456.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes minutus TRUE TRUE FALSEminutus. Cryptocerus minutus Fabricius, 1804: 420 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Smith, F. 1862d: 409 (s.); Emery, 1890b: 74 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 155 (l.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 169; in Zacryptocerus: Kugler, C. 1978a: 474; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 194. Senior synonym of quadrimaculatus, volxemi: Emery, 1890a: 68; Emery, 1890b: 74; of exiguus: Kempf, 1958a: 110; of cognatus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 195.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes umbraculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEumbraculatus. Cryptocerus umbraculatus Fabricius, 1804: 420 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Klug, 1824: 211 (q.); Emery, 1890b: 72 (s.); Forel, 1899c: 51 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 157 (l.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Smith, M.R. 1949c: 20; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 368. Senior synonym of elegans, flavomaculatus, quadriguttatus: Emery, 1890b: 72; Kempf, 1958a: 142.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster acuta TRUE TRUE FALSEacuta. Formica acuta Fabricius, 1804: 411 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952b: 258 (l.); Longino, 2003a: 33 (q.). Combination in Crematogaster: Roger, 1862c: 291; in C. (Eucrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182. Senior synonym of quadriceps: Roger, 1862c: 291; of centralis: Longino, 2003a: 32.
Dorylinae Dorylini Dorylus mediatus FALSE FALSE FALSEmediatus. Dorylus mediatus Fabricius, 1804: 428 (m.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Combination in Labidus: Shuckard, 1840b: 261. Transferred to family MUTILLIDAE: Westwood, 1842: 78. [Incorrectly continued listed under Dorylus by Mayr, 1863: 408 and Roger, 1863b: 41.]
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus coecus TRUE TRUE FALSEcoecus. Formica coeca Latreille, 1802c: 270, pl. 9, fig. 56 (s.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Roger, 1861a: 22 (w.); Emery, 1895c: 258 (m.); Bruch, 1934b: 116 (q.); Weber, 1941c: 325 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. 1943: 332 (l.). Combination in Labidus: Jurine, 1807: 282; in Nycteresia: Roger, 1861a: 22; in Eciton: Mayr, 1886b: 119; in Eciton (Labidus): Santschi, 1924b: 11; in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1955: 86. Senior synonym of vastator: Mayr, 1865: 78; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of jurinii: Mayr, 1886a: 33; Borgmeier, 1953: 15; of erratica: Mayr, 1886b: 119; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of latreillii, rubra, saji: Emery, 1895c: 258; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of atriceps: Emery, 1900a: 186; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of incerta: André, in Forel, 1899c: 160; Emery, 1900a: 186; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of fulvescens: Emery, 1910b: 22; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of pilosus, smithii: Santschi, 1913h: 35; Borgmeier, 1955: 86; of grassator: Borgmeier, 1923: 41; of panzeri, biloba, elsbethae, servillei, opacifrons: Borgmeier, 1953: 16, 16, 16, 17, 19, repectively; of nigrita, kulowi, selysi, serpentis: Borgmeier, 1955: 86; material of the unavailable name hostilis referred here by Borgmeier, 1953: 14. See also: Gallardo, 1920: 326; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 272; Watkins, 1976: 8.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasius exulans FALSE FALSE FALSEexulans. Lasius exulans Fabricius, 1804: 416 (q.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Lasius: Bolton, 1995b: 222.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus hastatus TRUE TRUE FALSEhastatus. Myrmecia hastata Fabricius, 1804: 426 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1212 (l.). Combination in Odontomachus: Illiger, 1807: 194. Senior synonym of maxillaris: Roger, 1863b: 22.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla villosa TRUE TRUE FALSEvillosa. Formica villosa Fabricius, 1804: 409 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Roger, 1861a: 2 (w.q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 615 (l.); Petralia & Vinson, 1980: 378 (l.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Mayr, 1862: 720; in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 43; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 311. Senior synonym of bicolor, pedunculata, pilosa: Roger, 1861: 1; Roger, 1862c: 288. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1908e: 404; Gallardo, 1918b: 56; Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 571.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vorax TRUE TRUE FALSEvorax. Formica vorax Fabricius, 1804: 412 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Combination in Aphaenogaster: Roger, 1863b: 30; in Pheidole: Emery, 1915d: 69. [Omitted from Wilson, 2003.] Senior synonym of apterostigmoides, cephalica, incrustata, opaca, sarrita: Longino, 2009: 85.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea punctata TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctata. Pachycondyla punctata Smith, F. 1858b: 108 (w.m.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Forel, 1893g: 358 (q.). Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 81 (l.). Combination in Platythyrea: Roger, 1863a: 173. Senior synonym of cineracea: Brown, 1975: 9; of pruinosa: Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 123; Brown, 1975: 9.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex filiformis TRUE TRUE FALSEfiliformis. Formica filiformis Fabricius, 1804: 405 (q.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1919i: 125 (w.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 384 (l.). Combination in Leptalea: Erichson, 1839: 309; in Pseudomyrma: Roger, 1862c: 289; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 384. Senior synonym of cephalica: Roger, 1862c: 289; of biconvexa: Wheeler, W.M. 1919i: 125; of longiceps Forel, longiceps Stitz: Ward, 1989: 438.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex gracilis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
gracilis. Formica gracilis Fabricius, 1804: 405 (w.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Wheeler, W.M. & Bailey, 1920: 256 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 385 (l.). Combination in Leptalea: Erichson, 1839: 309; in Pseudomyrma: Roger, 1862c: 289; in P. (Clavanoda): Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61; in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1953e: 214. Senior synonym of longinoda: Brown, 1949a: 43; Kempf, 1961a: 370; of variabilis: Ward, 1989: 439; of bicolor, canescens, dimidiata, glabriventris, mexicana, pilosula, sericata, velifera, volatilis and material of the unavailable name guayaquilensis referred here: Ward, 1993: 155; of atrinoda: Wild, 2007b: 55. Current subspecies: nominal plus argentinus. See also: Ward, 1999b: 521.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis geminata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
geminata. Atta geminata Fabricius, 1804: 423 (q.) CENTRAL AMERICA. Roger, 1862c: 289 (w.m.); Mayr, 1867a: 110 (w.q.m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1900b: 21 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955c: 132 (l.); Crozier, 1970: 116 (k.). Combination in Solenopsis: Mayr, 1863: 453. Senior synonym of clypeata, mandibularis: Roger, 1862c: 289; of cephalotes, paleata: Roger, 1863b: 32; Trager, 1991: 163; of glaber, laboriosus, polita: Mayr, 1863: 453; Mayr, 1886c: 362; Trager, 1991: 163; of drewseni: Mayr, 1870b: 996 (footnote); Mayr, 1886d: 460; of coloradensis: Mayr, 1886c: 365; of lincecumii, saxicola: Emery, 1895c: 276; of innota: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 877; of nigra: Creighton, 1930b: 59; of laevissima, mellea: Donisthorpe, 1932c: 463, 455 respectively; of rufa (and its junior synonym diabola): Ettershank, 1966: 141; of eduardi (and its junior synonym perversa), medusa (and its junior synonym bahiaensis), galapageia: Trager, 1991: 163. See also: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1386. Current subspecies: nominal plus micans.
Dolichoderinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 28 genera, 692 species, 130 subspecies
Fossil: 16 genera, 103 species
Dolichoderidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Dolichoderus.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 127 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Dolichoderinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 18, 80.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.
Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.
Subfamily Dolichoderinae and tribes references, world
Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).
Formicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 49 genera, 2,831 species, 839 subspecies
Fossil: 29 genera, 193 species, 1 subspecies
Formicariae Latreille, 1809: 124. Type-genus: Formica.
Taxonomic history
Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].
Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Formicinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 20, 93.
Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Formicinae as formicoid formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).
Subfamily Formicinae references, world
Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 141 genera, 6,087 species, 864 subspecies
Fossil: 31 genera, 130 species
Myrmicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169. Type-genus: Myrmica.
Taxonomic history
Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].
Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Myrmicidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Myrmicinae as myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 52, 182.
Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.
Myrmicinae as formicoid myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.
Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.
Collective group name in Myrmicinae: †Myrmicites.
Subfamily Myrmicinae references, world
Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE57 species, 26 subspecies
Dorymyrmex Mayr, 1866a: 494. Type-species: Dorymyrmex flavescens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 383 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 167; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 103; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; all subsequent authors.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 36; Forel, 1917: 248; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; subsequent authors and Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Leptomyrmecini: Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
Junior synonyms of DORYMYRMEX
Psammomyrma Forel, 1912h: 43 [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex planidens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Psammomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1912h: 43; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Psammomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Santschi, 1922b: 365; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Conomyrma Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text) [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Prenolepis pyramica, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1922b: 365.
Taxonomic history
Conomyrma in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Forel, 1917: 248; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Conomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1917: 248; Santschi, 1922b: 365; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 837; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 140.
Conomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 78; Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 1; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Conomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Araucomyrmex Gallardo, 1919b: 249. Type-species: Dorymyrmex tener, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Araucomyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 625; Kempf, 1972a: 25; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Araucomyrmex as genus: Gallardo, 1919b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Kusnezov, 1956: 28; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 25; Snelling, R.R. 1975: 9; Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Araucomyrmex as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Santschi, 1922b: 365; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Kusnezov, 1952g: 428.
Araucomyrmex as junior synonym of Conomyrma: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402.
Araucomyrmex as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Ammomyrma Santschi, 1922b: 365 [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex exsanguis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ammomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Santschi, 1922b: 365; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Ammomyrma as junior synonym of Araucomyrmex: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93.
Ammomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Biconomyrma Kusnezov, 1952g: 429 [as subgenus of Conomyrma]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. brunneus (now Dorymyrmex brunneus), by subsequent designation of Kusnezov, 1959: 51.
Taxonomic history
Biconomyrma as subgenus of Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429.
Biconomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 67.
Biconomyrma as junior synonym of Conomyrma: Smith, M.R. 1958c: 140; Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Biconomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 78; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Spinomyrma Kusnezov, 1952g: 429 (diagnosis in key) [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex alboniger, by subsequent designation of Kusnezov, 1959: 51.
Taxonomic history
Spinomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Spinomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 30 (in key); Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66.
Spinomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 78; Shattuck, 1994: 74; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Genus Dorymyrmex references
Mayr, G. 1868a: 165 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 383 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 167 (catalogue); André, 1903: 364 (species key); Emery, 1913a: 36 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1916a: 21 (Argentina species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689 (subgenera key); Cole, 1942: 371 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Creighton, 1950a: 348 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1952g: 428 (subgenera key); Kempf, 1972a: 25, 78, 99 (Neotropical Araucomyrmex, Conomyrma, Dorymyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 1 (U.S.A. Conomyrma species, revision); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 96 (Chile Araucomyrmex species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah Conomyrma species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 57 (U.S.A., Nevada Conomyrma species key); Trager, 1988: 14 (Southeastern U.S.A. Conomyrma species revision, key): Johnson, 1989b: 191 (U.S.A. Conomyrma species revision, key); Brandão, 1991: 327, 338, 340 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 77 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 73 (catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1995: 9 (U.S.A. species revision, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 181 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 222 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista TRUE TRUE FALSE56 species, 13 subspecies
Myrmelachista Roger, 1863a: 162. Type-species: Myrmelachista kraatzii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmelachista in Formicinae: Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae].
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Forel, 1886f: 214; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 106; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 124; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143.
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 249.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 32; all subsequent authors except the following.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bolton, 2003: 23, 103.
Junior synonyms of MYRMELACHISTA
Neaphomus Menozzi, 1935c: 324 [as subgenus of Aphomomyrmex]. Type-species: Aphomomyrmex (Neaphomus) goetschi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Neaphomus in Formicinae, Dimorphomyrmecini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673.
Neaphomus in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Neaphomus as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Neaphomus as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110; all subsequent authors except the above.
Hincksidris Donisthorpe, 1944b: 59 [as subgenus of Myrmelachista].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Decamera Roger, 1863a: 166; junior homonym of Decamera Mulsant, 1842: 503 (Coleoptera).]
Hincksidris as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by Hincksidris
Decamera Roger, 1863a: 166. Type-species: Decamera nigella, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Decamera Roger junior homonym of Decamera Mulsant, 1842: 503 (Coleoptera).]
Decamera in Formicinae: Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae].
Decamera in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1917: 249.
Decamera as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Forel, 1878: 376; Mayr, 1887: 525; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Decamera as subgenus of Myrmelachista: Forel, 1886f: 214; Forel, 1917: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 32; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.
Genus Myrmelachista references
Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 429 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 10 (Myrmelachista, Decamera diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 376 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1887: 526 (species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 174 (catalogue); Forel, 1917: 249 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696 (genera, subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 31 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 32 (M. (Decamera) diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 188 (M. (Myrmelachista) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 147, 152 (Neotropical Myrmelachista, Neaphomus catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1423 (North America catalogue); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1925b: 31 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 65 (larvae, review & synthesis); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 275 (catalogue); Longino, 2006a: 10 (Costa Rica species, keys).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 183 species, 75 subspecies
Fossil: 8 species
Solenopsis Westwood, 1840b: 86. Type-species: Solenopsis mandibularis (junior synonym of Atta geminata), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Solenopsis in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 177.
Solenopsis in Attidae: Smith, F. 1860a: 74; Smith, F. 1861b: 48.
Solenopsis in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 333; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Solenopsis in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Solenopsis in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 75.
Solenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; Bolton, 1987: 271.
Solenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 130; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 79; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 41; Arnold, 1916: 242; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 195; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Kempf, 1972a: 232; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1384; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of SOLENOPSIS
Diplorhoptrum Mayr, 1855: 449. Type-species: Formica fugax, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Diplorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 449 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 72 [Myrmicidae].
Diplorhoptrum in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 195; all subsequent authors.
Diplorhoptrum as genus: Mayr, 1855: 449; Baroni Urbani, 1968b: 68; Kutter, 1977c: 98; Bernard, 1978a: 543; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 539; Collingwood, 1979: 64; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Kupyanskaya, 1990: 132; Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 167; Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 102; Baroni Urbani, 1995: 20 (footnote).
Diplorhoptrum as subgenus of Solenopsis: Creighton, 1930b: 43; Santschi, 1934e: 566 (in text), 568; Creighton, 1950a: 233; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 813; Kusnezov, 1956: 27; Kusnezov, 1957a: 273; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Smith, M.R. 1967: 358.
Diplorhoptrum as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Mayr, 1862: 751; Roger, 1863b: 32; Mayr, 1863: 453; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 75; Forel, 1915d: 9; Emery, 1922e: 195; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 877; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 639; Ettershank, 1966: 134; Kempf, 1972a: 232; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1384; Bolton, 1987: 285; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Octella Forel, 1915b: 70 [as subgenus of Oligomyrmex]. Type-species: Oligomyrmex (Octella) pachycerus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Octella as subgenus of Oligomyrmex: Forel, 1917: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 687; Emery, 1924d: 218.
Octella as junior synonym of Oligomyrmex: Ettershank, 1966: 119.
Octella as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Taylor, 1991db: 611.
Synsolenopsis Forel, 1918b: 155 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis (Synsolenopsis) bruchi (junior primary homonym in Solenopsis, replaced by Solenopsis bruchiella), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Synsolenopsis as subgenus of Solenopsis: Forel, 1918b: 155; Emery, 1922e: 196.
Synsolenopsis as genus: Creighton, 1930b: 41 (in text); Kusnezov, 1953c: 341; Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Synsolenopsis as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Diagyne Santschi, 1923c: 268 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis succinea by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Diagyne in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 638.
Diagyne as subgenus of Solenopsis: Santschi, 1923c: 268; Creighton, 1930b: 42; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160.
Diagyne junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Labauchena Santschi, 1930d: 81. Type-species: Labauchena daguerrei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labauchena in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Santschi, 1930d: 81; all subsequent authors.
Labauchena as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Euophthalma Creighton, 1930b: 43 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Myrmica globularia, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Euophthalma as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Oedaleocerus Creighton, 1930b: 43 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis angulata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Oedaleocerus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 677.
Oedaleocerus as subgenus of Solenopsis: Creighton, 1930b: 43.
Oedaleocerus as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Oedaleocerus as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Bisolenopsis Kusnezov, 1953d: 9. Type-species: Bisolenopsis sea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Bisolenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1953d: 9; Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 159; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Bisolenopsis as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
[Disolenopsis Snelling, R.R. 1981: 397, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Paranamyrma Kusnezov, 1953d: 17. Type-species: Paranamyrma solenopsidis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Paranamyrma also described as new by Kusnezov, 1954a: 9.]
Paranamyrma in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 267 (in key); Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Paranamyrma as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Granisolenopsis Kusnezov, 1956: 26 [as subgenus of Solenopsis] (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Solenopsis (Granisolenopsis) granivora, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Granisolenopsis also described as new by Kusnezov, 1957a: 277.]
Granisolenopsis as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Lilidris Kusnezov, 1956: 26 (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Lilidris metatarsalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Lilidris also described as new by Kusnezov, 1957a: 274 and Kusnezov, 1958b: 189.]
Lilidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 274; Kusnezov, 1958b: 189; Kusnezov, 1962b: 159; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Lilidris as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Genus Solenopsis references
Smith, F. 1858b: 177 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 32 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 453 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 109 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 996 (all species key); André, 1883b: 387 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 75 (catalogue); Emery, 1896g: 82 (New World species key); Forel, 1903a: 689 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 158 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1909a: 29 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 165 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1916: 242 (diagnosis); Emery, 1922e: 195 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 163, 877, 1028 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 218 (Oligomyrmex (Octella) diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1930b: 42 (subgenera key); Creighton, 1930b: 45 (S. (Solenopsis) species key); Creighton, 1930b: 106 (S. (Euophthalma) species key); Cole, 1942: 361 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bernard, 1950a: 5 (France species key); Creighton, 1950a: 228 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 167 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1952b: 50 (South America S. saevissima complex, key); Kusnezov, 1953c: 347 (Synsolenopsis species key); Gregg, 1963: 370 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Snelling, R.R. 1963: 1 (U.S.A S. geminata group species); Ettershank, 1966: 134 (diagnosis, review of genus, checklist); Bernard, 1967: 170 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 37 (Bisolenopsis species key); Buren, 1972: 1 (S. geminata group, partial revision); Kempf, 1972a: 232 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 81 (Chile species key); Kutter, 1977c: 99 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 539 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Bernard, 1978a: 573 (France species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1385 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 302 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 87 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 50 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 72 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Bolton, 1987: 285 (synonymy notes); Thompson & Johnson, 1989: 697 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 240 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 378 (Neotropical catalogue); Trager, 1991: 141 (S. geminata group revision, key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 41 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 48 (Armenia species key); Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 102 (Central Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 386 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 70 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 358 (Saudi Arabia species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 18 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 165 (Australia synopsis); Taber, 2000: 234 (U.S.A. S. geminata group, key); Snelling, R.R. 2001: 522 (Puerto Rico S. fugax group, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 196 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Terayama, 2009: 157 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 67 species, 9 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Pogonomyrmex Mayr, 1868b: 169. Type-species: Formica badia, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae: Cresson, 1887: 260.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 118.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 61; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 44; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of POGONOMYRMEX
Ephebomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex naegelii, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Ephebomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Ephebomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Gallardo, 1932b: 94; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643; Kusnezov, 1949c: 293; Creighton, 1950a: 132; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 794; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 115; Kusnezov, 1964: 56; Kusnezov, 1956: 118; Smith, M.R. 1967: 351; Cole, 1968: 22; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357; Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108; Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42.
Ephebomyrmex as genus: Creighton, 1957a: 54; Kusnezov, 1960b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 106; Brown, 1973b: 180; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Mackay & Vinson, 1989b: 14; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13; Taber, 1998: 146.
Ephebomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 28; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649; Bolton, 2003: 223.
Forelomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote); junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Forelomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Kempf, 1972a: 209.
Forelomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 29; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649.
Homonym replaced by Forelomyrmex
Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote) [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex (Janetia) mayri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Genus Pogonomyrmex references
Mayr, 1870b: 970 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 608 (all species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 118 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1902a: 97 (North America species key); Emery, 1921f: 44 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 48 (P. (Ephebomyrmex) & P. (Forelomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Gallardo, 1932b: 95 (Argentina species key); Cole, 1942: 364 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Kusnezov, 1949c: 301 (Argentina P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 113 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1951a: 254 (Argentina species key); Kusnezov, 1954c: 85 (Bolivia species key); Creighton, 1957a: 54 (North America Ephebomyrmex); Gregg, 1963: 317 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Cole, 1968: 21, 38, 155 (North America Pogonomyrmex & P. (Ephebomyrmex) diagnoses, species revision, keys); Kempf, 1972a: 106, 206 (Neotropical Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 72 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1353 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 442 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 104 (supplement to Cole, 1968 key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108 (North America P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42 (Mexico species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 26 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada Ephebomyrmex species key); Shattuck, 1987: 175 (P. occidentalis complex, key); Taber, 1990: 307 (U.S.A. species complexes, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 342, 372 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 339 (catalogue); Taber, 1998: 146, 147 (Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex species key); Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1657 (northern South America species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 180 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lattke, 2006: 56 (northern South America species key); Johnson, R.A. & Overson, 2009: 313 (P. californicus group key); Cuezzo & Claver, 2009: 99 (Argentina species key).
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone chilensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchilensis. Amblyopone chilensis Mayr, 1887: 547 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Stigmatomma: Dalla Torre, 1893: 14; in Stigmatomma (Fulakora): Mann, 1919: 279; in Amblyopone: Brown, 1960a: 183.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone monrosi TRUE TRUE FALSEmonrosi. Amblyopone monrosi Brown, 1960a: 188, fig. 20 (w.) CHILE.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex giardi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
giardi. Brachymyrmex giardi Emery, 1895d: 215 (w.q.) CHILE. Emery, 1906c: 178 (m.). Senior synonym of nitida: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 114. Current subspecies: nominal plus cordobensis.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex laevis TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
laevis. Brachymyrmex laevis Emery, 1895d: 216 (w.) CHILE. Emery, 1906c: 178 (q.m.). [Note: in the literature sometimes misspelled as levis, for example Emery, 1906c: 178; Santschi, 1923b: 659.] See also: Forel, 1908c: 400; Forel, 1912i: 62. Current subspecies: nominal plus andinus, fusculus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus chilensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchilensis. Formica chilensis Spinola, 1851a: 237 (w.q.) CHILE. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myrmosericus): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Myrmamblys): Bruch, 1914: 228; in C. (Myrmoturba): Emery, 1920b: 255; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. See also: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 117.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus distinguendus TRUE TRUE FALSEdistinguendus. Formica distinguenda Spinola, 1851a: 235 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myrmosericus): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Myrmamblys): Bruch, 1914: 228; in C. (Myrmoturba): Emery, 1920b: 255; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Senior synonym of santacruziana: Kusnezov, 1960b: 397; of tenuipubens: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 120.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus hellmichi TRUE TRUE FALSEhellmichi. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) morosus var. hellmichi Menozzi, 1935c: 331 (diagnosis in key) (w.) CHILE. Raised to species: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 120.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus morosus TRUE TRUE FALSEmorosus. Formica morosa Smith, F. 1858b: 50 (w.) CHILE. Mayr, 1865: 32 (s.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 665; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Subspecies of rubripes: Forel, 1886f: 144. Junior synonym of distinguendus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 228. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of distinguendus: Emery, 1895i: 18; Emery, 1906c: 191; Santschi, 1916e: 396. Revived status as species: Menozzi, 1935c: 329; Kempf, 1972a: 69; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 120.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ovaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEovaticeps. Formica ovaticeps Spinola, 1851a: 238 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myrmoturba): Bruch, 1914: 230; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 78. Subspecies of chilensis: Emery, 1895d: 214; Kempf, 1972a: 66. Revived status as species: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 122.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ruficornis TRUE TRUE FALSEruficornis. Camponotus chilensis var. ruficornis Emery, 1895d: 214 (s.w.) CHILE. Menozzi, 1935c: 329 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Subspecies of chilensis: Forel, 1907e: 10. Raised to species: Emery, 1903: 69; Menozzi, 1935c: 329. See also: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus spinolae TRUE TRUE FALSEspinolae. Camponotus spinolae Roger, 1863a: 144 (w.) CHILE. Combination in C. (Myrmosericus): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79. Senior synonym of ruficornis: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 122.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex agallardoi TRUE TRUE FALSEagallardoi. Dorymyrmex agallardoi Snelling, R.R. 1975: 6, figs. 12, 13 (w.) CHILE.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex antarcticus TRUE TRUE FALSEantarcticus. Dorymyrmex antarcticus Forel, 1904g: 6 (w.q.) CHILE. Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Gallardo, 1916a: 48; in D. (Ammomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; in Araucomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1960b: 369; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Senior synonym of pallidipes: Gallardo, 1916a: 51; material of the unavailable name depilitibia referred here by Kusnezov, 1960b: 369. See also: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 96.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex chilensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchilensis. Dorymyrmex tener var. chilensis Forel, 1911c: 307 (w.q.) CHILE. Combination in Araucomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 25; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Raised to species: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 96.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex goetschi TRUE TRUE FALSEgoetschi. Dorymyrmex goetschi Goetsch, 1933: 27, attributed to Menozzi, fig. 1 (w.) CHILE (indication only). Menozzi, 1935c: 322 (w., full description). Combination in D. (Araucomyrmex): Menozzi, 1935c: 322; in Araucomyrmex: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 97; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Subspecies of tener: Menozzi, 1935c: 322. Junior synonym of tener: Kusnezov, 1959: 370. Revived from synonymy and revived status as species: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 97.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex hunti TRUE TRUE FALSEhunti. Araucomyrmex hunti Snelling, R.R. 1975: 10, figs. 14, 15 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex hypocritus TRUE TRUE FALSEhypocritus. Araucomyrmex hypocritus Snelling, R.R. 1975: 12, figs. 16, 17 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex incomptus TRUE TRUE FALSEincomptus. Araucomyrmex incomptus Snelling, R.R. 1975: 13, figs. 18, 19 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex minutus TRUE TRUE FALSEminutus. Dorymyrmex minutus Emery, 1895i: 15, fig. (w.) CHILE. Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Gallardo, 1916a: 43; in D. (Ammomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; in Araucomyrmex: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 100; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pappodes TRUE TRUE FALSEpappodes. Araucomyrmex pappodes Snelling, R.R. 1975: 14, figs. 20, 21 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pogonius TRUE TRUE FALSEpogonius. Araucomyrmex pogonius Snelling, R.R. 1975: 15, figs. 22-28 (w.m.) CHILE. Combination in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex tener TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
tener. Dorymyrmex tener Mayr, 1868b: 166 (w.) CHILE. Emery, 1906c: 175 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 184 (l.). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Forel, 1915c: 359; in Araucomyrmex: Gallardo, 1919b: 250; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85. Current subspecies: nominal plus donisthorpei.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera carinifrons TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinifrons. Heteroponera carinifrons Mayr, 1887: 533 (w.) CHILE. Emery, 1906c: 112 (q.). Combination in Acanthoponera: Emery, 1895g: 347; in A. (Anacanthoponera): Wheeler, W.M. 1923e: 186; in Heteroponera: Brown, 1952h: 70. See also: Brown, 1958g: 257.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera eduardi TRUE TRUE FALSEeduardi. Ponera eduardi Forel, 1894d: 15 (w., ergatoid q.) ALGERIA. Emery, 1895b: 61 (q.m.); Forel, 1904f: 421 (ergatoid m.); Emery, 1909: 373 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1990a: 458 (l.). Combination in Hypoponera: Taylor, 1967a: 12. Subspecies of confinis: Emery, 1895b: 64. Revived status as species: Forel, 1904f: 421. Senior synonym of antipodum: Brown, 1958h: 23; of chilensis, dideroti: Bolton & Fisher, 2011: 47. See also: Emery, 1916b: 109; Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 59; Brown, 1958h: 24; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 15; Kutter, 1977c: 27; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 70.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes atriventris TRUE TRUE FALSEatriventris. Formica atriventris Smith, F. 1858b: 51 (w.) CHILE. Earliest junior synonym of Formica nigriventris Spinola, 1851a: 239 [Junior primary homonym of Formica nigriventris Guérin-Méneville, 1831, pl. 8, fig. 4 (now in Leptomyrmex).], hence first available replacement name for nigriventris Spinola: Bolton, 1995b: 220 (see there for other synonymy, etc.).
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes hoffmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEhoffmanni. Melophorus hoffmanni Forel, 1903c: 266 (w.) CHILE. [Lasius hoffmanni Emery, 1895i: 18. Nomen nudum.] Combination in Melophorus (Lasiophanes): Emery, 1906c: 185; in Lasiophanes: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 70. See also: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes perplexus TRUE TRUE FALSEperplexus. Melophorus (Lasiophanes) perplexus Santschi, 1920d: 384 (q.) CHILE. Combination in Lasiophanes: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 70. Junior synonym of nigriventris: Kusnezov, 1952c: 92. Revived from synonymy: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 107.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes picinus TRUE TRUE FALSEpicinus. Lasius picinus Roger, 1863a: 163 (w.) CHILE. Quirán, 2008: 213 (m.). Combination in Melophorus (Lasiophanes): Emery, 1895i: 17; in Lasiophanes: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 70. Senior synonym of bidens: Menozzi, 1935c: 323; of bruchi, edwardsi, sauberi: Kusnezov, 1952c: 92; of bruchi: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 107.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes strenua TRUE TRUE FALSEstrenua. Formica strenua Haliday, 1836: 329 (w.) CHILE. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 204. Combination in Lasiophanes: new combination (unpublished), based on purported type-specimen in BMNH; confirmation of type-status required.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasiophanes valdiviensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvaldiviensis. Melophorus valdiviensis Forel, 1904g: 6 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Lasiophanes: Wheeler, W.M. 1935c: 70. Senior synonym of bolivari, pilosulus, uxorius: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 108.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium cekalovici TRUE TRUE FALSEcekalovici. Nothidris cekalovici Snelling, R.R. 1975: 3, figs. 3-4 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Monomorum: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 132.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium chilense TRUE TRUE FALSEchilense. Monomorium chilensis Fernández, 2007b: 132. Replacement name for bicolor Ettershank, 1965: 55. [Junior secondary homonym of bicolor Emery, 1877b: 368.]
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium denticulatum TRUE TRUE FALSEdenticulatum. Monomorium denticulatum Mayr, 1887: 614 (w.q.) CHILE. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1980: 532 (l.). Combination in Monomorium (Notomyrmex): Emery, 1922e: 169; in Notomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1960b: 347; in Nothidris: Ettershank, 1966: 107; in Antichthonidris: Snelling, R.R. 1975: 6; in Monomorium: Fernández, 2007b: 134. Senior synonym of inerme: Kusnezov, 1949a: 432; of navarinensis, picea: Kusnezov, 1960b: 347.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium latastei TRUE TRUE FALSElatastei. Monomorium latastei Emery, 1895i: 10 (w.) CHILE. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1980: 533 (l.). Combination in M. (Notomyrmex): Emery, 1922e: 169; in Nothidris: Ettershank, 1966: 106; in Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 137.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista chilensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchilensis. Myrmelachista chilensis Forel, 1904e: 704 (footnote) (w.) CHILE. Forel, 1908c: 399 (m.). Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista goetschi TRUE TRUE FALSEgoetschi. Aphomomyrmex (Neaphomus) goetschi Menozzi, 1935c: 324, figs. 1-3 (q.m.) CHILE. Combination in Neaphomus: Kempf, 1972a: 152; in Myrmelachista: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista hoffmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEhoffmanni. Myrmelachista hoffmanni Forel, 1903c: 260 (diagnosis in key) (w.); 265 (in text) (q.m.) CHILE. Forel, 1908c: 399 (m.). Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149. Senior synonym of rectinota: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 113.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Myrmelachista (Decamera) mayri Forel, 1886f: 214 (q.) CHILE. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149. Senior synonym of monticola: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 113.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole chilensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchilensis. Pheidole chilensis Mayr, 1862: 748 (s.w.q.m.) CHILE. See also: Mayr, 1865: 95; Wilson, 2003: 179.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex angustus TRUE TRUE FALSEangustus. Pogonomyrmex angustus Mayr, 1870b: 970 (w.) CHILE. Mayr, 1887: 612 (q.m.). Combination in P. (Ephebomyrmex): Emery, 1921f: 48; in Ephebomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1960b: 353; in Pogonomyrmex: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 72. See also: Gallardo, 1932b: 103.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex bispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbispinosus. Atta bispinosa Spinola, 1851a: 244 (w.q.) CHILE. Combination in Pogonomyrmex: Mayr, 1868b: 170. [Misspelled as brevispinosus by Santschi, 1925d: 223.] See also: Gallardo, 1932b: 130.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex laevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigatus. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) laevigatus Santschi, 1921g: 97 (w.) CHILE. Kusnezov, 1949c: 301 (m., in key). Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1960b: 354; in Pogonomyrmex: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 75.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex lynceus TRUE TRUE FALSElynceus. Myrmica lyncea Spinola, 1851a: 241 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Pseudomyrma: Mayr, 1870b: 972; in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 390.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis dysderces TRUE TRUE FALSEdysderces. Solenopsis dysderces Snelling, R.R. 1975: 2, figs. 1, 2 (w.) CHILE.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis gayi TRUE TRUE FALSEgayi. Myrmica gayi Spinola, 1851a: 242 (w.) CHILE. Combination in Solenopsis: Mayr, 1886c: 365. Junior synonym of geminata: Dalla Torre, 1893: 76. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of geminata: Emery, 1895i: 11; Emery, 1906c: 121. Revived status as species: Forel, 1909a: 269; Santschi, 1923c: 261; Creighton, 1930b: 48. Senior synonym of fazi: Brown, 1950e: 248. See also: Trager, 1991: 170.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis germaini TRUE TRUE FALSEgermaini. Solenopsis germaini Emery, 1895i: 12, figs. (w.) CHILE. Senior synonym of schedingi: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 84.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis helena TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
helena. Solenopsis helena Emery, 1895i: 14, figs. (w.q.) CHILE. Current subspecies: nominal plus hermione, ultrix.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis latastei TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
latastei. Solenopsis latastei Emery, 1895i: 13, figs. (w.q.) CHILE. Menozzi, 1935c: 320 (m.). Senior synonym of hoffmanni: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 87. Current subspecies: nominal plus masora.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis latastei masora TRUE TRUE FALSEmasora. Solenopsis latastei var. masora Forel, 1912g: 7 (w.) "Pemnes" (Chile ?).
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma antarcticum TRUE TRUE FALSEantarcticum. Tapinoma antarcticum Forel, 1904c: 17 (w.q.) CHILE. Senior synonym of eidmanni: Menozzi, 1935c: 321; Goetsch & Menozzi, 1935: 98; of fazi: Menozzi, 1935c: 321.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cocosensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcocosensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) cocosensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919d: 305 (s.w.) AUSTRALIA (Cocos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1933a: 61 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia guatemalensis cocoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcocoensis. Prenolepis guatemalensis var. cocoensis Forel, 1902b: 178 (w.) AUSTRALIA (Cocos Is). Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 223; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Ecitoninae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 5 genera, 149 species, 21 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Ecitonii Forel, 1893a: 163. Type-genus: Eciton.
Taxonomic history
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Dorylidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 23.
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Formicidae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; all subsequent authors.
Ecitoninae as dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 34, 142; Brady & Ward, 2005: 593.
Ecitoninae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Ecitoninae as formicoid dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ecitoninae: Cheliomyrmecini, Ecitonini.
Subfamily and tribe Ecitonini references
Emery, 1895j: 765 (diagnosis); Ashmead, 1906: 23, 24 (tribes & genera keys); Emery, 1910b: 15 (diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138, 558 (diagnosis, North America genera); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina genera, key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 634 (genera key); Borgmeier, 1923: 37 (Brazil catalogue); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 290 (U.S.A. males); Creighton, 1950a: 61 (North America); Borgmeier, 1955: 51, 57 (revision of subfamily, tribes key); Borgmeier, 1955: 79 (revision of tribe, genera key); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Watkins, 1976: 6 (genera keys); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 46 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392 (synoptic classification); Gotwald & Burdette, 1981: 78 (phylogeny); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico genera, key); Gotwald, 1982: 167 (genera key); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 74 (genera key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Bolton, 1990c: 1357 (diagnosis, morphology, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 392 (Neotropical fauna, synoptic classification); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Jaffe, 1993: 13 (Neotropical genera, synoptic classification); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 149 (genera key); Bolton, 1994: 38 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera key); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Hölldobler, Obermayer & Peeters, 1996: 158 (metatibial gland); Palacio, 1999: 143 (Colombia genera, key); Perfil’eva, 2002: 1239 (venation); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 240 (Neotropical genera key); Brady, 2003: 6575 (phylogeny); Bolton, 2003: 34, 142 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady & Ward, 2005: 593 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 131 species, 10 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831b: 106. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrmex in Pseudomyrmecinae: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PSEUDOMYRMEX
Leptalea Erichson, 1839: 309. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
Leptalea in Pseudomyrmecinae: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656.
Leptalea as junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
[Leptalaea Spinola, 1851b: 52 and Spinola, 1853: 68, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
[Pseudomyrmex and Leptalea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Pseudomyrma Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma bicolor, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrma in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 153.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 328; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Myrmeciidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Pseudomyrminae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 86; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Pseudomyrma in Pseudomyrminae: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 654; Donisthorpe, 1941d: 27; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudomyrma as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; Kempf, 1972a: 214; Ward, 1990: 469; Bolton, 1994: 184.
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427. Type-species: Myrmex perboscii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Myrmex Sturm, 1826: 32 (Coleoptera).]
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Clavanoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Clavanoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469. [Pseudomyrmex and Clavanoda share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Ornatinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ornatinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Triangulinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma spinicola, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Triangulinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Apedunculata Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apedunculata as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Latinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma latinoda, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Latinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Genus Pseudomyrmex references
Smith, F. 1858b: 153 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 24 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 451 (Leptalea, Pseudomyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 407 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Smith, 1877b: 58 (checklist); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 55 (catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 28 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1932a: 44 (Argentina species key); Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 (all species keys); Creighton, 1950a: 79 (North America species key); Kempf, 1961a: 373 (P. gracilis group, partial key); Kempf, 1972a: 215 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 9 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1345 (North America catalogue); Ward, 1985b: 215 (Nearctic species key); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Ward, 1989: 407 (P. oculatus group, key); Ward, 1989: 430 (P. subtilissimus group, key); Ward, 1990: 469 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Ward, 1992: 76 (†Dominican Amber species key); Ward, 1993: 130 (swollen-thorn Acacia-associated species key); Bolton, 1994: 184 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 370 (catalogue); Ward, 1999b: 473 (P. viduus group, and other Tachigali- and Triplaris-associated species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton TRUE TRUE FALSE12 species, 17 subspecies
Eciton Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica hamata, by subsequent designation of Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 173.
Taxonomic history
Eciton in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 172.
Eciton in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 148.
Eciton in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 259[Myrmicidae].
Eciton in Dorylinae: Forel, 1878: 365 (footnote) [Dorylidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1; Forel, 1895b: 118; Forel, 1899c: 22.
Eciton in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 765 [Ecitonii]; Emery, 1910b: 17 [Ecitini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 312; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 101; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Eciton in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Eciton in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of ECITON
Ancylognathus Lund, 1831a: 121, 135. Type-species: Ancylognathus lugubris, nomen nudum. [Ancylognathus material referred to Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 160; all subsequent authors.]
Camptognatha Gray, G.R. 1832: 516. Type-species: Camptognatha testacea (junior synonym of Formica hamata), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Camptognatha as junior synonym of Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 160; Roger, 1863b: 36; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1; Emery, 1910b: 19; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Mayromyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 381. Type-species: Labidus fargeavii (junior synonym of Atta quadriglumis), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mayromyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Mayromyrmex as junior synonym of Eciton: Emery, 1906a: 718; Emery, 1910b: 19; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Holopone Santschi, 1925b: 11 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton rapax, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Holopone as junior synonym of Eciton: Borgmeier, 1936: 55; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Genus Eciton references
Smith, F. 1858b: 148 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 36 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 408 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 17, 77 (diagnosis, all species key); Mayr, 1886a: 115 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 1 (catalogue); Emery, 1900a: 176 (all species, males key); Emery, 1910b: 17 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 162, 175 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 101 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 9 (all species key); Watkins, 1982: 209 (Mexico species key); Billen, 1986: 170 (Dufour's gland); Brandão, 1991: 341 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 184 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 151 (Colombia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus TRUE TRUE FALSE7 species, 1 subspecies
Labidus Jurine, 1807: 282. Type-species: Labidus latreillii (junior synonym of Formica coeca), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidus in Dorylidae: Leach, 1815: 147 [Dorylida]; Haliday, 1836: 331; Shuckard, 1840a: 196; Smith, F. 1859b: 1; Cresson, 1887: 259.
Labidus in Dorylinae: Mayr, 1865: 16 [Dorylidae]; Forel, 1878: 365 (footnote) [Dorylidae].
Labidus in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Emery, 1910b: 21 [Ecitini]; Forel, 1917: 240; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 126; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Labidus in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Labidus in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Labidus as junior synonym of Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 1.
Labidus as subgenus of Eciton: Emery, 1910b: 21; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 312; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 41; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Creighton, 1950a: 61; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 779; Kusnezov, 1956: 9.
Labidus as genus: Jurine, 1807: 282; Shuckard, 1840a: 196; Borgmeier, 1953: 4; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of LABIDUS
Nycteresia Roger, 1861a: 21. Type-species: Formica coeca, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Nycteresia in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae].
Nycteresia as junior synonym of Eciton: Mayr, 1865: 76; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1.
Nycteresia as junior synonym of Labidus: Emery, 1910b: 21; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 675; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; all subsequent authors.
Pseudodichthadia André, 1885: 838. Type-species: Pseudodichthadia incerta (junior synonym of Formica coeca), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylidae: André, 1885: 838.
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 7.
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 765 [Ecitonii].
Pseudodichthadia as junior synonym of Eciton: André, in Forel, 1899c: 160 (footnote).
Pseudodichthadia as junior synonym of Labidus: Emery, 1910b: 21; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; all subsequent authors.
Genus Labidus references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 41 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 436 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 16 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1910b: 21 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina species key); Creighton, 1950a: 62 (North America species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 80, 84 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 126 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 8 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1327 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 209 (Mexico species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 219 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 153 (Colombia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 124 species, 1 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Neivamyrmex Borgmeier, 1940: 606 [as subgenus of Eciton].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Acamatus Emery, 1894c: 181; junior homonym of Acamatus Schoenherr, 1833: 20 (Coleoptera.]
Neivamyrmex in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Neivamyrmex in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Neivamyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Neivamyrmex as subgenus of Eciton: Creighton, 1950a: 64; Kusnezov, 1956: 8.
Neivamyrmex as genus: Borgmeier, 1950c: 624; Borgmeier, 1955: 277; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors except the above entry.
Junior synonym of NEIVAMYRMEX
Woitkowskia Enzmann, E.V. 1952: 443. Type-species: Woitkowskia connectens (junior synonym of Labidus walkerii), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Woitkowskia as junior synonym of Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 277; all subsequent authors.
Genus Neivamyrmex references
Emery, 1894c: 183 (species key); Emery, 1910b: 23 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 348 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1942c: 542 (U.S.A. species key); Buren, 1944a: 280 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 66 (North America species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 277, 290 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Watkins, 1971: 93 (U.S.A. species key); Kempf, 1972a: 152 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1972: 348 (U.S.A. species key); Watkins, 1976: 11 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1329 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico species key); Watkins, 1985: 481 (U.S.A. species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 19 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Brandão, 1991: 359 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 287 (catalogue); Ward, 1999a: 90 (modification of Watkins, 1985 key); Palacio, 1999: 154 (Colombia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 40 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Coovert, 2005: 30 (U.S.A., Ohio species key); Snelling, G.C & Snelling, R.R., 2007: 462 (U.S.A. species, keys).
Homonym replaced by NEIVAMYRMEX
Acamatus Emery, 1894c: 181 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton (Acamatus) schmitti (junior synonym of Labidus nigrescens), by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1906: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 157.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Acamatus Schoenherr, 1833: 20 (Coleoptera).]
Acamatus in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Acamatus in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Emery, 1910b: 23 [Ecitini].
Acamatus as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Acamatus as subgenus of Eciton: Emery, 1894c: 181; Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1910b: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 345; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 44; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618.
2 species, 2 subspecies
Nomamyrmex Borgmeier, 1936: 55 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton crassicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Nomamyrmex in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 674; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 164; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Nomamyrmex in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Nomamyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39.
Nomamyrmex as subgenus of Eciton: Borgmeier, 1936: 55; Kusnezov, 1956: 9.
Nomamyrmex as genus: Borgmeier, 1953: 4; Borgmeier, 1955: 135; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors except the entry above.
Genus Nomamyrmex references
Borgmeier, 1955: 135 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 164 (catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 7 (all species key); Watkins, 1977a: 207 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1329 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 215 (Mexico species key); Brandão, 1991: 360 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 292 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 161 (Colombia species key).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 15 species
Fossil: 1 species
Ectatomma Smith, F. 1858b: 102. Type-species: Formica tuberculata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 82.
Taxonomic history
Ectatomma in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 102; Smith, F. 1871a: 324.
Ectatomma in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 14 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 75 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23.
Ectatomma in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Forel, 1895b: 112; Forel, 1899c: 5; Forel, 1900d: 316.
Ectatomma in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectatomma in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 33; Forel, 1917: 236; Gallardo, 1918b: 27; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; all subsequent authors to the following.
Ectatomma in Ectatomminae, Ectatommini: Bolton, 2003: 46.
Genus Ectatomma references
Roger, 1863b: 17 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 409 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 14 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 87 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 23 (catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 41 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Gallardo, 1918b: 30 (Argentina species key); Kusnezov, 1957b: 13 (partial key); Brown, 1958g: 206 (review of genus, key); Kempf, 1972a: 104 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1336 (North America catalogue); Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 6 (all species key); Brandão, 1991: 341 (catalogue); Fernández, 1991: 551 (Colombia species key); Lattke, 1994: 109 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 186 (catalogue) ); Arias-Penna, 2008b: 56 (all species key).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 137 species
Fossil: 6 species
Gnamptogenys Roger, 1863a: 174. Type-species: Ponera tornata, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1911d: 44.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Ectatomma concinna, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164; see Emery, 1912d: 271 and Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79.]
Gnamptogenys in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Gnamptogenys in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Gnamptogenys in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 44; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; all subsequent authors to the following.
Gnamptogenys in Ectatomminae, Ectatommini: Bolton, 2003: 46.
Gnamptogenys as subgenus of Ectatomma: Mayr, 1887: 540; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23; Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 113; Forel, 1899c: 7; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 44; Gallardo, 1918b: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 644; Borgmeier, 1923: 60; Kusnezov, 1956: 14.
Gnamptogenys as genus: Roger, 1863a: 174; Forel, 1917: 236; Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of GNAMPTOGENYS
Stictoponera Mayr, 1887: 539 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ponera coxalis, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 82.
Taxonomic history
Stictoponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Stictoponera in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 47; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728.
Stictoponera as subgenus of Ectatomma: Mayr, 1887: 539; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23; Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 316; Bingham, 1903: 82; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Stictoponera as genus: Emery, 1911d: 47; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728.
Stictoponera as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Holcoponera Mayr, 1887: 540 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Gnamptogenys striatula, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1911d: 40.
Taxonomic history
Holcoponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Holcoponera in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 40; Forel, 1917: 236; Gallardo, 1918b: 21; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; all subsequent authors.
Holcoponera as subgenus of Ectatomma: Mayr, 1887: 540; Dalla Torre, 1893: 23; Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Holcoponera as genus: Emery, 1902a: 181; Emery, 1911d: 40; Forel, 1917: 236; Gallardo, 1918b: 21; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; Borgmeier, 1923: 55; Santschi, 1929h: 437; Kusnezov, 1956: 14.
Holcoponera as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Alfaria Emery, 1896e: 177 (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Alfaria simulans, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Alfaria also described as new by Emery, 1896g: 41.]
Alfaria in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Forel, 1899c: 3.
Alfaria in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Alfaria in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 46; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; all subsequent authors.
Alfaria as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Poneracantha Emery, 1897d: 547 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma (Holcoponera) bispinosum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Poneracantha as subgenus of Ectatomma: Emery, 1911d: 43; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643.
Poneracantha as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Rhopalopone Emery, 1897d: 549. Type-species: Rhopalopone epinotalis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhopalopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Rhopalopone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1911d: 34 [subtribe Typhlomyrmecini]; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; all subsequent authors.
Rhopalopone as genus: Emery, 1911d: 34; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Borgmeier, 1923: 54.
Rhopalopone as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Emeryella Forel, 1901e: 334. Type-species: Emeryella schmitti, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Emeryella in Pachycondylinae, Amblyoponini: Ashmead, 1905b: 283.
Emeryella in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 46; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 13; all subsequent authors.
Emeryella as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 211; all subsequent authors.
Mictoponera Forel, 1901e: 372 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma (Mictoponera) diehlii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mictoponera as subgenus of Ectatomma: Forel, 1901e: 372; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Mictoponera as junior synonym of Rhopalopone: Emery, 1911d: 34.
Mictoponera as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Parectatomma Emery, 1911d: 44 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma triangulare, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Parectatomma as subgenus of Ectatomma: Emery, 1911d: 44; Creighton, 1950a: 35; Kusnezov, 1956: 14.
Parectatomma as subgenus of Gnamptogenys: Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643.
Parectatomma as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Spaniopone Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 11. Type-species: Spaniopone haytiana, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Spaniopone in Ponerinae, Proceratiini: Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 13; Wheeler, W.M. 1916i: 36; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 645; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 727.
Spaniopone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1919c: 107.
Spaniopone as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Wheeleripone Mann, 1919: 282. Type-species: Wheeleripone albiclava, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wheeleripone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736.
Wheeleripone as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Opisthoscyphus Mann, 1922: 4. Type-species: Opisthoscyphus scabrosus (junior synonym of Alfaria minuta), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Opisthoscyphus in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 13; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 678.
Opisthoscyphus as junior synonym of Alfaria: Brown, in Borgmeier, 1957: 115.
Opisthoscyphus as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Commateta Santschi, 1929h: 476 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma (Parectatomma) bruchi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Commateta as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Tammoteca Santschi, 1929h: 476 [as subgenus of Ectatomma]. Type-species: Ectatomma concinnum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tammoteca as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Barbourella Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 10 [as subgenus of Emeryella]. Type-species: Emeryella (Barbourella) banksi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Barbourella as junior synonym of Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 212; all subsequent authors.
Genus Gnamptogenys references
Roger, 1863b: 19 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 422 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 15 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 963 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 540 (diagnosis); Emery, 1889b: 494 (Ectatomma (Stictoponera) species key); Emery, 1896g: 43, 44 (G. (Holcoponera), G. (Gnamptogenys) species keys; Forel, 1900d: 316 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 82 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 34 (Rhopalopone diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 40 (Holcoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 43 (Ectatomma (Poneracantha) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 44 (Ectatomma (Parectatomma) & E. (Gnamptogenys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 46 (Emeryella diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 46 (Alfaria diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 47 (Stictoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1918b: 22, 42 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1919: 286 (Wheeleripone species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1924b: 240 (Rhopalopone species key); Santschi, 1929h: 471 (Holcoponera species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 26, 29 (Asia Rhopalopone, Stictoponera checklists); Brown, 1954h: 1 (G. coxalis group species); Brown, 1956: 489 (Holcoponera species notes); Brown, 1958g: 211 (revision of genus, all species keys); Brown, 1958g: 230 (New World species revision, key); Brown, 1958g: 237 (Old World species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 111 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1337 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 30 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 28 (Australia checklist); Brandão & Lattke, 1990: 489 (Alfaria group, status); Lattke, 1990b: 22 (Venezuela species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10 (synoptic classification); Brandão, 1991: 344 (Neotropical catalogue); Lattke, 1992a: 123 (G. minuta group, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 208 (catalogue); Lattke, 1995: 149 (New World species revision, key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 36 (China species key); Xu & Zhang, 1996: 56 (China species key); Shattuck, 1999: 185 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 31 (China, Guangxi species key); Lattke, 2004: 51 (Old World species revision, key); Lattke, Fernández & Palacio, 2007: 257 (New World species key); Lattke, Fernández, et al. 2008: 68 (Colombia species key).
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera TRUE TRUE FALSE19 species
Heteroponera Mayr, 1887: 532. Type-species: Heteroponera carinifrons, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Heteroponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 43.
Heteroponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Heteroponera in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Emery, 1911d: 35; Forel, 1917: 236; all subsequent authors to the following.
Heteroponera in Heteroponerinae, Heteroponerini: Bolton, 2003: 47, 177.
Heteroponera as subgenus of Acanthoponera: Forel, 1917: 236.
Heteroponera as junior synonym of Acanthoponera: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 35; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 643; Wheeler, 1923e: 179.
Heteroponera as genus: Brown, 1952h: 70; Kusnezov, 1956: 13; Brown, 1958g: 194; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of HETEROPONERA
Paranomopone Wheeler, W.M. 1915c: 117. Type-species: Paranomopone relicta, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Paranomopone in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Forel, 1917: 236; Emery, 1919c: 106; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 642; Wheeler, W.M. 1930f: 13; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681.
Paranomopone as junior synonym of Heteroponera: Brown, in Borgmeier, 1957: 112; Brown, 1958g: 194; all subsequent authors.
Anacanthoponera Wheeler, W.M. 1923e: 176 (in text) [as subgenus of Acanthoponera]. Type-species: Ponera dolo, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Anacanthoponera as junior synonym of Heteroponera: Brown, 1952h: 70; Brown, 1958g: 194; all subsequent authors.
Genus Heteroponera references
Dalla Torre, 1893: 43 (catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 35 (diagnosis, catalogue as part of Acanthoponera); Wheeler, W.M. 1923e: 190 (all species key as part of Acanthoponera); Brown, 1958g: 194, 196 (review of genus, Australia-New Zealand species key, New World species key); Brown, 1958h: 17 (New Zealand species); Kempf, 1962a: 31 (Neotropical species key); Kempf, 1972a: 117 (Neotropical catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 30 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 28 (Australia, New Zealand checklist); Fernández, 1993: 250 (Colombia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 212 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1999: 186 (Australia synopsis); Arias-Penna & Fernández, 2008: 113 (Neotropical species key); Heterick, 2009: 142 (south-western Australia species key); Taylor, R.W. 2011: 118 (Australia groups and leae group species key).
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma TRUE TRUE FALSE13 species
Octostruma Forel, 1912e: 196 [as subgenus of Rhopalothrix]. Type-species: Rhopalothrix simoni (junior synonym of Rhopalothrix iheringi), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Octostruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 667; Emery, 1924d: 328; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 676; Brown, 1948e: 102; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 31.
Octostruma in Myrmicinae, Basicerotini: Brown, 1949f: 92; all subsequent authors to the last entry above; Bolton, 1994: 105; Bolton, 1998: 67.
Octostruma as subgenus of Rhopalothrix: Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 667; Emery, 1924d: 328.
Octostruma as genus: Brown, 1948e: 102; Brown, 1949f: 92; Brown & Kempf, 1960: 181; all subsequent authors except the following.
Octostruma as junior synonym of Basiceros: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 88.
Genus Octostruma references
Emery, 1924d: 328 (review, catalogue); Brown, 1949f: 92 (species, checklist); Brown & Kempf, 1960: 181, 244 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 169 (catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 362 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 293 (catalogue); Palacio, 1997: 416 (Colombia species key).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus TRUE TRUE FALSE45 species
Procryptocerus Emery, 1887b: 470 (footnote). Type-species: Meranoplus striatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171.
Taxonomic history
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 139.
Procryptocerus in Cryptoceridae, Cryptocerinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Forel, 1892d: 345; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 132; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 43; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 300; all subsequent authors to the entry below; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Kempf, 1951: 14; all subsequent authors except anachronism above.
Genus Procryptocerus references
Mayr, 1870a: 413 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key (as Cataulacus)); Dalla Torre, 1893: 139 (catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 300 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1951: 15 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 211 (Neotropical catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 367 (catalogue); Longino & Snelling, 2002: 4 (Central America species key); Serna & Mackay, 2010: 7 (morphology); Serna, Bolton & Mackay, 2011: 67 (venation).
Myrmicinae Attini Atta TRUE TRUE FALSE15 species
Atta Fabricius, 1804: 421. Type-species: Formica cephalotes, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 159.
Taxonomic history
Atta in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 172.
Atta in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 161.
Atta in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 459 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 77 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 65 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 333 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 259 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 150.
Atta in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Atta in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae, Attidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 30; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 352; all subsequent authors.
[Myrmegis (nomen nudum) referable to Atta: Brown, 1973b: 182 (see under Myrmegis).]
Junior synonyms of ATTA
Oecodoma Latreille, 1818: 222. Type-species: Formica cephalotes, by subsequent designation of Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 174.
Taxonomic history
Oecodoma in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 176.
Oecodoma in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 180.
Oecodoma as junior synonym of Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35. [Atta and Oecodoma share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Archeatta Gonçalves, 1942: 342 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Oecodoma mexicana, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Archeatta as subgenus of Atta: Gonçalves, 1942: 342; Borgmeier, 1959b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 27.
Archeatta as junior synonym of Atta: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 832; Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Neoatta Gonçalves, 1942: 346 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Formica sexdens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoatta as subgenus of Atta: Gonçalves, 1942: 346; Borgmeier, 1959b: 358; Kempf, 1972a: 27.
Neoatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Palaeatta Borgmeier, 1950d: 244 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta bisphaerica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Palaeatta as subgenus of Atta: Borgmeier, 1950d: 244; Borgmeier, 1959b: 377; Kempf, 1972a: 28.
Palaeatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8; Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Epiatta Borgmeier, 1950d: 246 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Oecodoma laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Epiatta as junior synonym of Atta: Weber, 1958a: 8.
Epiatta as junior synonym of Neoatta: Borgmeier, 1959b: 358.
Genus Atta references
Mayr, 1855: 459 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 161, 180 (Atta, Oecodoma diagnoses); Mayr, 1861: 66 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 35 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 437 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 18 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 150 (catalogue); Gallardo, 1916d: 340 (Argentina species key); Emery, 1924d: 352 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gonçalves, 1942: 334 (all species key); Gonçalves, 1947a: 186 (south & central Brazil species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 82 (Asia checklist, anachronisms); Borgmeier, 1959b: 335 (subgenera key); Borgmeier, 1959b: 337 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 26 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1413 (North America catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 1988: 25 (Colombia species key); Cherrett & Cherrett, 1989: 1 (bibliography); Brandão, 1991: 328 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 75 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 44 species
Fossil: 1 species
Stenamma Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Stenamma westwoodii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stenamma in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 55 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 23 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 121.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 53; Kempf, 1972a: 242 (anachronism).
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 52 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Karavaiev, 1934: 96; Kugler, C. 1994: 25.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of STENAMMA
Asemorhoptrum Mayr, 1861: 76. Type-species: Myrmica lippula, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Asemorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 460; [Myrmicidae].
Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Stenamma: André, 1883a: 310; all subsequent authors except the following.
[Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]
Theryella Santschi, 1921d: 68. Type-species: Theryella myops (provisional junior synonym of Stenamma punctiventre), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Theryella as junior synonym of Stenamma: Santschi, 1923a: 136; all subsequent authors except the following.
[Theryella as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]
Genus Stenamma references
Roger, 1863b: 25, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20, 23 (Asemorhoptrum, Stenamma diagnoses); André, 1883a: 311 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 121 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Emery, 1908c: 306 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 127 (Italy species key); Emery, 1921f: 52 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnol'di, 1928b: 215 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 599 (Russia species key); Buren, 1944a: 284 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 135 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 153 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1957b: 141 (U.S.A. species key); Yasumatsu & Murakami, 1960: 28 (Japan species key); Smith, M.R. 1962a: 38 (Mexico and Central America species key); Gregg, 1963: 347 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 120 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 126 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 242 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1973c: 5 (Western U.S.A. species key); Arnol'di, 1975: 1826 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1977c: 74 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 535 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357 (North America, catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 297 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 268 (Balkans species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 116 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 14 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 29 (Armenia species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 344 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 393 (catalogue); Seifert, 1996b: 155 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 44 (Britain species key); Fernández, Baena & Palacio, 1996: 9 (Colombia species key); DuBois, 1998b: 215 (Palaearctic & Oriental species revision, keys); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 209 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lyu & Cho, 2004: 263 (Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 143 (North and Central Europe species key); Branstetter, 2009: 43 (diagnosis).
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 216 species, 31 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Leptogenys Roger, 1861a: 41. Type-species: Leptogenys falcigera, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 52.
Taxonomic history
Leptogenys in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 46; Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 14 [Poneridae].
Leptogenys in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1899c: 17; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 97; Arnold, 1915: 89; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 84; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 652; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Leptogenys in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 304; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Brown, 1963: 3; Kempf, 1972a: 129; Jaffe, 1993: 8; Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 163.
Junior synonyms of LEPTOGENYS
Lobopelta Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 733. Type-species: Ponera diminuta, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 54.
Taxonomic history
Lobopelta in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 43.
Lobopelta in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 101; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 658.
Lobopelta as genus: Mayr, 1862: 733; Cresson, 1887: 258; Dalla Torre, 1893: 43; Bingham, 1903: 54.
Lobopelta as subgenus of Leptogenys: Forel, 1892k: 520; Forel, 1899c: 18; Forel, 1900d: 304; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 101; Arnold, 1915: 95; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 1; Borgmeier, 1923: 75; Creighton, 1950a: 50; Kempf, 1972a: 131; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1343 (anachronism).
Lobopelta as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Emery, 1896e: 177 (footnote); Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1975a: 240; Bolton, 2003: 163.
Prionogenys Emery, 1895g: 348. Type-species: Prionogenys podenzanai, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Prionogenys in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135;
Prionogenys in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 106; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 652; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 685; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Prionogenys as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Taylor, 1988: 33.
Machaerogenys Emery, 1911d: 100 [as subgenus of Leptogenys]. Type-species: Leptogenys truncatirostris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Machaerogenys as subgenus of Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 100; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; subsequent authors to the following.
Machaerogenys as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1975a: 240.
Odontopelta Emery, 1911d: 101 [as subgenus of Leptogenys]. Type-species: Leptogenys turneri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Odontopelta as subgenus of Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 101; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 677.
Odontopelta as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 390; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 32.
Dorylozelus Forel, 1915b: 24. Type-species: Dorylozelus mjobergi (junior secondary homonym in Leptogenys, replaced by Leptogenys tricosa), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dorylozelus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Forel, 1917: 238.
Dorylozelus in Ponerinae, Dorylozelini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 646; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640.
Dorylozelus incertae sedis in Ponerinae, Amblyoponini: Brown, 1960a: 181.
Dorylozelus as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Taylor, 1969: 132; Bolton, 1975a: 240.
Microbolbos Donisthorpe, 1948f: 170. Type-species: Microbolbos testaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Microbolbos as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Wilson, 1955c: 136; Bolton, 1975a: 240.
Genus Leptogenys references
Roger, 1863b: 19 (Lobopelta, Leptogenys catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 426, 427 (Leptogenys, Lobopelta catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 14, 15 (Leptogenys, Lobopelta diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 89 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1879: 664 (Lobopelta species key); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 43, 46 (Lobopelta, Leptogenys catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 304 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 52, 55 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Leptogenys, Lobopelta species keys); Emery, 1911d: 97 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 89, 95 (diagnosis, South Africa L. (Leptogenys) & L. (Lobopelta) species keys); Mann, 1919: 298 (Papuasia L. (Leptogenys) species key); Mann, 1921: 426 (Fiji L. (Lobopelta) species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 93, 786, 1010 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 14 (New World L. (Lobopelta) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 51 (North America L. (Lobopelta) species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1958a: 113 (Melanesia & Moluccas species revision, key); Wilson, 1958a: 136 (New Caledonia species key); Kempf, 1972a: 129 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 8 (Cuba species key); Bolton, 1975a: 239 (diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1975a: 244 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Bolton, 1975a: 293 (Malagasy species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1343 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 32, 39 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 34, 64 (Australia, New Caledonia checklists); Trager & Johnson, 1988: 30 (U.S.A. species key); Brandão, 1991: 349 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 229 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 41 (China species key); Shattuck, 1999: 189 (Australia synopsis); Xu, 2000a: 118 (China species key); Zhou, 2001b: 39 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003: 163 (synopsis); Lattke, in Fernández, 2008: 145 (Colombia species, review); Terayama, 2009: 115 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 133 (south-western Australia species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 252 species, 62 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pachycondyla Smith, F. 1858b: 105. Type-species: Formica crassinoda, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Pachycondyla in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 105; Smith, 1871a: 324.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Pachycondyla in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 114; Forel, 1899c: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 73 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PACHYCONDYLA
Bothroponera Mayr, 1862: 713 (diagnosis in key), 717. Type-species: Ponera pumicosa, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Bothroponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35.
Bothroponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Bothroponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 75 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Ponera: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 325.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 75; Arnold, 1915: 55; Forel, 1917: 237; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Bothroponera as genus: Mayr, 1862: 717; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35; Bingham, 1903: 95; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1918c: 299 (footnote); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 67; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49; Bernard, 1953b: 187; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Bothroponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Megaponera Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 734. Type-species: Formica foetens (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Formica analis), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Megaponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Megaponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Megaponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 67 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 46; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors to the following.
Megaponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Megaloponera Roger, 1863b: 17, incorrect subsequent spelling; misspelling repeated by several authors, for example Emery, 1877b: 368; Forel, 1917: 237.]
Paltothyreus Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 735. Type-species: Formica tarsata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Paltothyreus in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 62 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 43; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Paltothyreus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Ectomomyrmex Mayr, 1867a: 83. Type-species: Ectomomyrmex javanus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 85.
Taxonomic history
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30.
Ectomomyrmex in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 321; Emery, 1911d: 78 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Ectomomyrmex as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 78; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237.
Ectomomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1867a: 83; Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Forel, 1900d: 321; Bingham, 1903: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 60; Brown, 1963: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 29; Taylor, 1987a: 26; Ogata, 1987: 112.
Ectomomyrmex as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Ectomyrmex Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Ophthalmopone Forel, 1890b: cxii. Type-species: Ophthalmopone berthoudi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 31.
Ophthalmopone in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 49; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Ophthalmopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Euponera Forel, 1891b: 126 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Euponera) sikorae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Euponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 79 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 37; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Euponera as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1891b: 126; Emery, 1895j: 767.
Euponera as genus: Emery, 1901a: 46; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 79; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Borgmeier, 1923: 70; Clark, 1934b: 30; Creighton, 1950a: 44; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 63; Bernard, 1953b: 189; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Euponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Cryptopone Emery, 1893a: cclxxv. Type-species: Cryptopone testacea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cryptopone also described as new by Emery, 1893f: 240. Type-species not Amblyopone testacea, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161, repeated in Emery, 1911d: 88, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 636, Kempf, 1972a: 90 and Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 28; see discussion in Wilson, 1958d: 360.]
Cryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Cryptopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 3.
Pseudoponera Emery, 1900c: 314 [as subgenus of Pachycondyla]. Type-species: Ponera quadridentata (junior synonym of Formica stigma), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pseudoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 42. Type-species not Ponera amblyops, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 42; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 779; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723.]
Pseudoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pseudoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 86 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 238; all subsequent authors.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1900c: 314; Emery, 1901a: 42.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1900c: 141; Forel, 1900e: 398; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Pseudoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 91; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 86; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 74.
Pseudoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Brachyponera Emery, 1900c: 315 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Euponera (Brachyponera) croceicornis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Brachyponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera sennaarensis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 160, Emery, 1911d: 84, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 777, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628, Wilson, 1958d: 346; Bolton, 1973a: 335; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23.]
Brachyponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Brachyponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 83; all subsequent authors.
Brachyponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900c: 315; Emery, 1909c: 366; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 83; Arnold, 1915: 72; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; subsequent authors to the following.
Brachyponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 101; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 346; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Ogata, 1987: 116; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Brachyponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Mesoponera Emery, 1900d: 668 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Ponera melanaria, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Mesoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera caffraria, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated by Emery, 1911d: 81, Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661, Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141, Bolton, 1973a: 338; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 35.]
Mesoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Mesoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 80; all subsequent authors.
Mesoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900d: 668; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 80; Arnold, 1915: 64; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 71; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 64; Bernard, 1953b: 190.
Mesoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 99; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 34; Taylor, 1987a: 39; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Mesoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Eumecopone Forel, 1901e: 335 [as subgenus of Neoponera]. Type-species: Neoponera (Eumecopone) agilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eumecopone as subgenus of Neoponera: Forel, 1901e: 335; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 71; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; subsequent authors to the following.
Eumecopone junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Hagensia Forel, 1901f: 333 [as subgenus of Megaloponera (sic)]. Type-species: Megaloponera (Hagensia) havilandi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hagensia in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; all subsequent authors.
Hagensia as subgenus of Megaponera: Forel, 1901f: 333; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 61.
Hagensia as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237.
Hagensia as genus: Arnold, 1926: 202; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 648; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Hagensia as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Neoponera Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species: Formica villosa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Neoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 70 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Neoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Trachymesopus Emery, 1911d: 84 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Formica stigma, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachymesopus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 84; all subsequent authors.
Trachymesopus as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1911d: 84; Arnold, 1915: 74; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 72; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733; Creighton, 1950a: 46; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 65; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 786; Bernard, 1953b: 195.
Trachymesopus as genus: Wilson, 1958d: 352; Kempf, 1960f: 423; Brown, 1963: 6; Kempf, 1972a: 251; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 52; Ogata, 1987: 114; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pseudoponera: Bolton, 1995b: 48 (because of synonymous type-species); Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Trachyponera Santschi, 1928a: 43, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Xiphopelta) arnoldi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1913a: 108; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 737.
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237; Emery, 1919c: 106; Bernard, 1953b: 191.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Mesoponera: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775; all subsequent authors to the following.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Hiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Termitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 159. Type-species: Ponera laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Termitopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 731.
Termitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Syntermitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169 [as subgenus of Termitopone.] Type-species: Ponera commutata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Syntermitopone as subgenus of Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169.
Syntermitopone as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 15.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Termitopone: Borgmeier, 1959a: 312.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Wadeura Weber, 1939a: 102. Type-species: Wadeura guianensis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wadeura in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wadeura as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Pseudoneoponera Donisthorpe, 1943d: 439. Type-species: Pseudoneoponera verecundae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudoneoponera in Ponerinae, Pseudoneoponerini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 77.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Bothroponera: Wilson, 1958d: 361.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Genus Pachycondyla references
Mayr, 1862: 719 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16, 17, 18 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 397, 428, 439, 440 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13, 15 (Bothroponera, Pachycondyla, Megaponera, Paltothyreus diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 82 (Bothroponera diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 396 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Emery, 1887b: 18 (footnote) (Asia & Australia Bothroponera species key); Emery, 1890a: 71 (Neotropical species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 30, 31, 32, 35 (Ectomomyrmex, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Paltothyreus, Pachycondyla, Bothroponera catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 321 (India & Sri Lanka Ectomomyrmex species key); Bingham, 1903: 86, 91, 96, 101 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Ectomomyrmex, Pseudoponera, Bothroponera, Brachyponera species keys); Emery, 1911d: 62 (Paltothyreus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 67 (Megaponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 69 (Megaponera (Hagensia) and Ophthalmopone diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 70 (Neoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 73 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 75 (P. (Bothroponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 78 (P. (Ectomomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera (Mesoponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 83 (Euponera (Brachyponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 84 (Euponera (Trachymesopus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 86 (Pseudoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 88 (Cryptopone diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 43, 46, 49, 53, 63 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Pachycondyla, Euponera diagnoses); Arnold, 1915: 50, 55, 64 (South Africa Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Euponera (Mesoponera) species keys); Gallardo, 1918b: 56, 66 (Argentina Neoponera, Mesoponera, keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 72 (Afrotropical Bothroponera species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 60, 63, 69, 81 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Bothroponera, Euponera diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 763, 766, 768, 769, 774, 780 (Afrotropical Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Ectomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1007, 1008 (Malagasy Bothroponera, Euponera catalogues); Arnold, 1926: 203 (South Africa Hagensia species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 5 (Cryptopone all species key); Santschi, 1935b: 259 (Africa Mesoponera, key); Creighton, 1950a: 45 (North America Euponera species key); Arnold, 1951: 53 (Hagensia species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49, 52, 60, 63, 74 (Asia Bothroponera, Cryptopone, Ectmomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera checklists); Arnold, 1952a: 461 (South Africa Bothroponera, key); Bernard, 1953b: 191 (Guinea Euponera (Xiphopelta) species key); Brown, 1958h: 20 (New Zealand species); Wilson, 1958d: 346, 357, 362 (Melanesia Brachyponera, Cryptopone, Ectomomyrmex species keys); Kempf, 1961b: 192 (Brazil species key); Brown, 1963: 6, 9 (reviews of Cryptopone, Trachymesopus & Ectomomyrmex); Kempf, 1964e: 51 (Neotropical Pachycondyla species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 36 (Argentina Neoponera species key); Kempf, 1972a: 90, 141, 160, 174, 248, 251, 257 (Neotropical Cryptopone, Mesoponera, Neoponera, Pachycondyla, Termitopone, Trachymesopus, Wadeura catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 7 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339, 1341 (North America, Pachycondyla, Brachyponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21, 23, 28, 29, 34, 34, 52 (Australia, catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 9, 23, 26, 39, 80 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 18 (Japan Ectomomyrmex, Cryptopone, Brachyponera, Trachymesopus species key); Brandão, 1991: 354, 360, 365, 381, 382 (Neotropical catalogue); Xu, 1994b: 182 (China Brachyponera species key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 166, 302 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45 (China species key); Xu, 1995b: 104 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 310 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla Saudi Arabia species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 147 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 182, 196 (Australia Cryptopone, Pachycondyla fauna synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 35, 49 (China, Guangxi Cryptopone, Pachycondyla species keys); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 424 (wingless female fossils, diagnosis); Wild, 2002: 4 (Paraguay species key); Bolton, 2003: 161, 165 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla synopses); Wild, 2005: 5 (P. apicalis complex key); Yamane, 2007: 652 (P. nigrita species group key); Mackay, Mackay, Fernández & Arias-Penna, in Fernández, 2008: 172 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 105, 108 (Taiwan Pachycondyla, Cryptopone species keys); Heterick, 2009: 134 (south-western Australia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 26, 107 (New World Pachycondyla species revision, species complexes key and species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta TRUE TRUE FALSE21 species
Simopelta Mann, 1922: 10 [as subgenus of Belonopelta]. Type-species: Belonopelta (Simopelta) jeckylli, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Simopelta in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 726; all subsequent authors.
Simopelta as subgenus of Belonopelta: Mann, 1922: 10; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 726.
Simopelta as junior synonym of Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 296.
Simopelta as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 8; Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 261; Kempf, 1972a: 230; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Bolton, 1994: 164.
Genus Simopelta references
Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 9 (all species key); Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 275 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 230 (catalogue); Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 298 (all species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 383 (catalogue); Bolton, 2003: 170 (synopsis); Mackay & Mackay, in Fernández, 2008: 202 (Colombia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 290 (all species revision, key).
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Discothyrea TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 32 species
Fossil: 2 species
Discothyrea Roger, 1863a: 176. Type-species: Discothyrea testacea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Discothyrea in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 18.
Discothyrea in Dorylinae, Proceratiini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Discothyrea in Ponerinae, Proceratiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 51; Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 645; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 76; Kusnezov, 1964: 51; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Jaffe, 1993: 8; Lattke, 1994: 112.
Discothyrea in Ponerinae, Ectatommini: Brown, 1958g: 248; Kempf, 1972a: 97; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10; Bolton, 1994: 164.
Discothyrea in Proceratiinae, Proceratiini: Bolton, 2003: 49, 179.
Junior synonyms of DISCOTHYREA
Prodiscothyrea Wheeler, W.M. 1916i: 33. Type-species: Prodiscothyrea velutina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Prodiscothyrea in Ponerinae, Proceratiini: Wheeler, W.M. 1916i: 36; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 645; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 687; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 77.
Prodiscothyrea as junior synonym of Discothyrea: Brown, 1958g: 248.
Pseudosysphincta Arnold, 1916: 161. Type-species: Pseudosysphincta poweri, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudosysphincta in Ponerinae, Proceratiini: Forel, 1917: 236; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 645; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723.
Pseudosysphincta as junior synonym of Discothyrea: Brown, 1958g: 248.
[Pseudosphincta Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 645, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Genus Discothyrea references
Roger, 1863b: 21 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A., catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 18 (catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 51 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1916: 159 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 761, 762 (Afrotropical Discothyrea, Pseudosysphincta catalogues); Weber, 1939a: 99 (Neotropical species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 76, 77 (Asia Discothyrea, Prodiscothyrea checklists); Brown, 1958g: 248 (review of genus); Brown, 1958h: 19 (New Zealand species); Kempf, 1972a: 97 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 29 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 24 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 16 (Japan species key); Lattke, 1994: 113 (Neotropical species); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 171 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1999: 184 (Australia synopsis); Bolton, 2003: 179 (synopsis); Sosa-Calvo & Longino, 2008: 223 (Colombia species key); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2009: 9 (Malagasy males diagnosis); Terayama, 2009: 98 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 143 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus laevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigatus. Acanthognathus laevigatus Galvis & Fernández, 2009: 246, figs. 2-4 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus teledectus TRUE TRUE FALSEteledectus. Acanthognathus teledectus Brown & Kempf, 1969: 105, fig. 11 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 17.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus sanchezorum TRUE TRUE FALSEsanchezorum. Acanthostichus sanchezorum Mackay, 1985: 128, figs. 1-5 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Mackay, 1996: 165.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus truncatus TRUE TRUE FALSEtruncatus. Acanthostichus truncatus Mackay, 1996: 170, fig. 26 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex landolti TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
landolti. Atta (Acromyrmex) landolti Forel, 1885a: 357 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1911c: 293 (q.). Combination in Atta (Moellerius): Forel, 1893e: 589; in Acromyrmex (Moellerius): Mann, 1916: 453. Senior synonym of senex: Gonçalves, 1961: 120; of cloosae, planorum: Fowler, 1988: 288. Current subspecies: nominal plus myersi.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex rugosus santschii TRUE TRUE FALSEsantschii. Atta (Acromyrmex) aspersa var. santschii Forel, 1912e: 182 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 348. Currently subspecies of rugosus: Santschi, 1925a: 379.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex aspersus fuhrmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEfuhrmanni. Atta (Acromyrmex) mesonotalis var. fuhrmanni Forel, 1914e: 10 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 349. Currently subspecies of aspersus: Santschi, 1925a: 369.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga fuhrmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEfuhrmanni. Rhizomyrma fuhrmanni Forel, 1914e: 12 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. Weber, 1944: 97 (m.l.). Combination in Acropyga (Rhizomyrma): Emery, 1925b: 29. Senior synonym of berwicki: LaPolla, 2004a: 42.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex cristiani TRUE TRUE FALSEcristiani. Adelomyrmex cristiani Fernández, 2003b: 16, figs. 36, 75 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex costatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcostatus. Adelomyrmex costatus Fernández, 2003b: 17, figs. 35, 75 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex grandis TRUE TRUE FALSEgrandis. Adelomyrmex grandis Fernández, 2003b: 18, figs. 34, 75 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex vaderi TRUE TRUE FALSEvaderi. Adelomyrmex vaderi Fernández, 2003b: 33, figs. 41-44, 75 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus chocoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchocoensis. Anochetus chocoensis Zabala, in Fernández, 2008: 129 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus diegensis TRUE TRUE FALSEdiegensis. Anochetus diegensis Forel, 1912c: 29 (w.) COLOMBIA. Senior synonym of bierigi: Brown, 1964d: 215. See also: Brown, 1978c: 614.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus elegans TRUE TRUE FALSEelegans. Anochetus elegans Lattke, 1987a: 353, figs. 1, 2 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus vallensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvallensis. Anochetus vallensis Lattke, 1987a: 355, figs. 1, 2 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma ancilonodum TRUE TRUE FALSEancilonodum. Apterostigma ancilonodum Lattke, 1997: 135, figs. 76, 116, 139, 181, 182 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma callipygium TRUE TRUE FALSEcallipygium. Apterostigma callipygium Lattke, 1997: 144, figs. 60, 79, 102, 119, 142 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma carinatum TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinatum. Apterostigma carinatum Lattke, 1997: 145, figs. 120, 143, 190, 191 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma chocoense TRUE TRUE FALSEchocoense. Apterostigma chocoense Lattke, 1997: 148, figs. 8, 18, 28, 29, 40, 51 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma reburrum TRUE TRUE FALSEreburrum. Apterostigma reburrum Lattke, 1997: 166, figs. 10, 22, 31, 42, 54 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma turgidum TRUE TRUE FALSEturgidum. Apterostigma turgidum Lattke, 1997: 176, figs. 24, 35, 58, 202, 203 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta colombica TRUE TRUE FALSEcolombica. Atta colombica Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 422 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1913l: 239 (m.); Borgmeier, 1959b: 348 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 681 (l.). Subspecies of lebasii: Emery, 1890b: 55; of cephalotes: Emery, 1913bb: 258. Revived status as species: Forel, 1913l: 239; Emery, 1924d: 353. See also: Gonçalves, 1942: 346; Borgmeier, 1959b: 345. Senior synonym of lebasii: Dalla Torre, 1893: 152; of erecta, tonsipes: Borgmeier, 1959b: 346.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca hypophylla TRUE TRUE FALSEhypophylla. Azteca hypophylla Forel, 1899c: 120 (footnote) (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca lallemandi TRUE TRUE FALSElallemandi. Azteca lallemandi Forel, 1899c: 119 (footnote) (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Senior synonym of pruinosa: Longino, 2007: 56.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca linamariae TRUE TRUE FALSElinamariae. Azteca linamariae Guerrero, et al., 2010: 59, fig. 9 (q.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca polymorpha TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
polymorpha. Azteca polymorpha Forel, 1899c: 121 (footnote) (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1912h: 56 (q.). Current subspecies: nominal plus bahiana.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca salti TRUE TRUE FALSEsalti. Azteca xanthochroa subsp. salti Wheeler, W.M., in Wheeler, W.M. & Darlington, 1930: 114 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. [Also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 250.] Raised to species: Longino, 1992: 1593.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca theresiae TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
theresiae. Azteca theresiae Forel, 1899b: 303 (w.) COLOMBIA. [Also described as new by Forel, 1899d: 276.] Current subspecies: nominal plus menceps.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca chartifex multinida TRUE TRUE FALSEmultinida. Azteca chartifex r. multinida Forel, 1899c: 117 (footnote) (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trigona gaigei TRUE TRUE FALSEgaigei. Azteca trigona r. gaigei Forel, 1914c: 618 (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Belonopelta attenuata TRUE TRUE FALSEattenuata. Belonopelta attenuata Mayr, 1870a: 395, pl. 1, fig. 11 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex donisthorpei TRUE TRUE FALSEdonisthorpei. Brachymyrmex donisthorpei Santschi, 1939e: 320, figs. 4, 5 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex incisus TRUE TRUE FALSEincisus. Brachymyrmex incisus Forel, 1912i: 63 (w.m.) COLOMBIA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex tristis TRUE TRUE FALSEtristis. Brachymyrmex tristis Mayr, 1870a: 389 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus arhuacus TRUE TRUE FALSEarhuacus. Camponotus ustus var. arhuacus Forel, 1902b: 173 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Kempf, 1972a: 73. Raised to species: Snelling, R.R. & Torres, 1998: 4.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bidens TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
bidens. Camponotus bidens Mayr, 1870a: 387 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1899c: 145 (footnote) (s.); Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 225 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1912i: 92; in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424. Current subspecies: nominal plus repressus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbispinosus. Camponotus bispinosus Mayr, 1870a: 388, pl., fig. 6 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1912i: 92; in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bugnioni TRUE TRUE FALSEbugnioni. Camponotus bugnioni Forel, 1899c: 131 (footnote) (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Kutter, 1931a: 62 (q.); Santschi, 1936b: 196 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1912i: 91. See also: Hashmi, 1973: 24.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus canescens TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
canescens. Camponotus canescens Mayr, 1870a: 386 (w.) COLOMBIA. Menozzi, 1935b: 203 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 194 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Current subspecies: nominal plus antennatus, stomatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cheesmanae TRUE TRUE FALSEcheesmanae. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) cheesmanae Donisthorpe, 1932a: 88 (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus circularis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
circularis. Camponotus circularis Mayr, 1870a: 380, pl., fig. 2 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 271; Emery, 1920c: 44. Current subspecies: nominal plus rufitibia.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus coloratus TRUE TRUE FALSEcoloratus. Camponotus melanoticus var. colorata Forel, 1904c: 49 (s.w.q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Bruch, 1914: 229; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Subspecies of substitutus: Emery, 1925b: 83. Raised to species: Wild, 2007b: 49.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conulus TRUE TRUE FALSEconulus. Camponotus conulus Mayr, 1870a: 382, pl. fig. 3 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270; Emery, 1925b: 163.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus dalmasi TRUE TRUE FALSEdalmasi. Camponotus dalmasi Forel, 1899c: 145 (footnote) (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus excisus TRUE TRUE FALSEexcisus. Camponotus excisus Mayr, 1870a: 384, pl. fig. 4 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus falco TRUE TRUE FALSEfalco. Camponotus falco Forel, 1902b: 175 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmocamelus): Forel, 1914a: 270; in C. (Myrmamblys): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus improprius TRUE TRUE FALSEimproprius. Colobopsis impropria Forel, 1879a: 125 (s.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Camponotus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 235; in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus landolti TRUE TRUE FALSElandolti. Camponotus sexguttatus r. landolti Forel, 1879a: 71 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Subspecies of extensus: Emery, 1894f: 3; Emery, 1896d: 371. Raised to species: Forel, 1886f: 168; Forel, 1899c: 135.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lespesii TRUE TRUE FALSElespesii. Camponotus sexguttatus r. lespesii Forel, 1886f: 169 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mayr, 1887: 513 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Raised to species: Mayr, 1887: 513. Senior synonym of melancholicus: Wild, 2007b: 50.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lindigi TRUE TRUE FALSElindigi. Camponotus lindigi Mayr, 1870a: 385, pl. fig. 5 (s.w.q.) COLOMBIA. Santschi, 1936b: 217 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus nitens TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
nitens. Camponotus nitens Mayr, 1870a: 378 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Camponotus): Forel, 1914a: 266; in C. (Myrmoturba): Emery, 1920b: 255; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Current subspecies: nominal plus fuhrmanni.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus novogranadensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
novogranadensis. Camponotus novogranadensis Mayr, 1870a: 380 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Emery, 1906c: 191 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 192 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Neomyrmamblys): Santschi, 1921f: 311; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156. Current subspecies: nominal plus modestior.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus polymorphicus TRUE TRUE FALSEpolymorphicus. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) polymorphicus Mackay, López-Castro & Fernández, 2002: 422, figs. 1-6 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus silvicola TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvicola. Camponotus silvicola Forel, 1902b: 174 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84. Subspecies of fumidus: Santschi, 1922c: 101. Revived status as species: Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sphenoidalis TRUE TRUE FALSEsphenoidalis. Camponotus sphenoidalis Mayr, 1870a: 383 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 271; Emery, 1925b: 164.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus trapezoideus TRUE TRUE FALSEtrapezoideus. Camponotus trapezoideus Mayr, 1870a: 385 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mayr, 1887: 517 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 271.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mucronatus santschii TRUE TRUE FALSEsantschii. Camponotus mucronatus r. santschi Forel, 1899c: 145 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus nitens fuhrmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEfuhrmanni. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) nitens var. furmanni Forel, 1921b: 135 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Justified emendation of spelling to fuhrmanni: Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planatus colombicus TRUE TRUE FALSEcolombicus. Camponotus planatus var. colombicus Forel, 1899c: 141 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 164. Currently subspecies of planatus: Forel, 1902b: 171.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus simillimus indianus TRUE TRUE FALSEindianus. Camponotus sylvaticus r. indianus Forel, 1879a: 68 (s.w.q.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 197 (l.). Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Subspecies of rubripes: Forel, 1886f: 143. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 263. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 371; Forel, 1899c: 134 (footnote); Forel, 1904d: 177. Currently subspecies of simillimus: Santschi, 1922c: 101.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus perturbans TRUE TRUE FALSEperturbans. Camponotus (Myrmosphincta) sexguttatus var. perturbans Kutter, 1931a: 62 (s.w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara angulata TRUE TRUE FALSEangulata. Carebara angulata Fernández, 2004a: 226, figs. 8J, 11) (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara audita TRUE TRUE FALSEaudita. Carebara audita Fernández, 2004a: 230, figs. 8A-C, 12 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara brevipilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevipilosa. Carebara brevipilosa Fernández, 2004a: 210 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara coqueta TRUE TRUE FALSEcoqueta. Carebara coqueta Fernández, 2006: 97, fig. 1 (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara elongata TRUE TRUE FALSEelongata. Carebara elongata Fernández, 2004a: 213, figs. 4H-I, 13 (w) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara globularia TRUE TRUE FALSEglobularia. Carebara globularia Fernández, 2004a: 214, figs. 4F-G, 13 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara kofana TRUE TRUE FALSEkofana. Carebara kofana Fernández, 2004a: 229, fig. 12 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara paya TRUE TRUE FALSEpaya. Carebara paya Fernández, 2004a: 231, figs. 8K, 12 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara reina TRUE TRUE FALSEreina. Carebara reina Fernández, 2004a: 228, fig. 12 (w.) COLOMBIA. Senior synonym of semistriata: Fernández, 2006: 98.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara reticulata TRUE TRUE FALSEreticulata. Carebara reticulata Fernández, 2004a: 218, figs. 5A-E, 9, 13 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes argentatus FALSE FALSE FALSEargentatus. Cryptocerus argentatus Smith, F. 1853: 218, pl. 19, fig. 7 (q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 232; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 735.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes christopherseni TRUE TRUE FALSEchristopherseni. Cryptocerus laminatus r. christopherseni Forel, 1912e: 204 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986f: 494 (l.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 211 (q.m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 166; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 211. Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 176.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes coffeae TRUE TRUE FALSEcoffeae. Paracryptocerus (Harnedia) coffeae Kempf, 1953: 81, figs. 1-13 (s.w.q.m.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385. See also: Kempf, 1958a: 104; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 560.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes columbicus TRUE TRUE FALSEcolumbicus. Cryptocerus pusillus var. columbica Forel, 1912e: 201 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 167 (q.m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 183; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 163. Raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 163.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes crenaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEcrenaticeps. Cryptocerus crenaticeps Mayr, 1866a: 515, pl., fig. 15 (q.) COLOMBIA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 528 (s.w.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 138; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 528.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes femoralis TRUE TRUE FALSEfemoralis. Cryptocerus femoralis Smith, F. 1853: 219, pl. 20, fig. 3 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 202; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 266. Subspecies of complanatus: Emery, 1890b: 75. Junior synonym of complanatus: Roger, 1861b: 173; Dalla Torre, 1893: 142; Emery, 1924d: 307. Revived from synonymy, revived status as species and senior synonym of silvae: Kempf, 1951: 202. See also: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 267.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes mompox TRUE TRUE FALSEmompox. Cephalotes mompox De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 264, figs. 111, 388 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes palta TRUE TRUE FALSEpalta. Cephalotes palta De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 693, figs. 327, 328 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes patei TRUE TRUE FALSEpatei. Paracryptocerus (Harnedia) patei Kempf, 1951: 235, figs. 151, 153-155 (s.w.q.m.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 387; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 517.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster ampla TRUE TRUE FALSEampla. Crematogaster brevispinosa var. ampla Forel, 1912f: 211 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 128.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster crucis TRUE TRUE FALSEcrucis. Crematogaster brevispinosa r. crucis Forel, 1912f: 212 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 53.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster distans TRUE TRUE FALSEdistans. Crematogaster distans Mayr, 1870a: 402 (w.) COLOMBIA. Kempf, 1968b: 392 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134; in C. (Neocrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182; Kempf, 1972a: 83. Senior synonym of cordinoda, paraensis, parviceps, pevsnerae, vanda: Kempf, 1968b: 390; of descolei: Longino, 2003a: 59.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster nigropilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEnigropilosa. Crematogaster nigropilosa Mayr, 1870a: 405 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mayr, 1887: 624 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. See also: Longino, 2003a: 94.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster torosa TRUE TRUE FALSEtorosa. Crematogaster torosa Mayr, 1870a: 404 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136; Santschi, 1925d: 229. Senior synonym of arizonensis, tumulifera: Longino, 2003a: 120.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex escobari TRUE TRUE FALSEescobari. Cylindromyrmex escobari De Andrade, 1998a: 616, fig. 17 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbicarinatus. Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling & Longino, 1992: 492, figs. 1, 10, 19 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex castagnei TRUE TRUE FALSEcastagnei. Cyphomyrmex castagnei Mackay & Baena, 1993: 32, figs. 1, 2, 4-7, 9-12 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex cornutus TRUE TRUE FALSEcornutus. Cyphomyrmex cornutus Kempf, 1968a: 35, figs. 1-4 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex costatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcostatus. Cyphomyrmex costatus Mann, 1922: 44 (w.) HONDURAS. Kempf, 1966: 175 (q.). Senior synonym of colombianus: Kempf, 1966: 172.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex kirbyi TRUE TRUE FALSEkirbyi. Cyphomyrmex kirbyi Mayr, 1887: 557 (w.) COLOMBIA. Santschi, 1921g: 97 (q.). See also: Kempf, 1966: 179; Snelling & Longino, 1992: 485.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex longiscapus TRUE TRUE FALSElongiscapus. Cyphomyrmex longiscapus Weber, 1940a: 410 (diagnosis in key) (w.) COLOMBIA. Schultz, Solomon, Mueller, et al. 2002: 333 (q.m.). See also: Kempf, 1966: 165.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus baenae TRUE TRUE FALSEbaenae. Dolichoderus baenae Mackay, 1993b: 38, fig. 36 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus curvilobus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvilobus. Hypoclinea curviloba Lattke, 1987b: 259, fig. 1 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mackay, 1993b: 45 (q.). Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus diversus TRUE TRUE FALSEdiversus. Dolichoderus (Hypoclinea) diversus Emery, 1894c: 237 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mackay, 1993b: 52 (q.m.) Combination in Hypoclinea: Kempf, 1972a: 119; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of championi, garbei, leviusculus, mazaruni, ornatus, taeniatus, trinidadensis: Mackay, 1993b: 50. See also: Shattuck, 1994: 48.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus fernandezi TRUE TRUE FALSEfernandezi. Dolichoderus fernandezi Mackay, 1993b: 54, figs. 5, 59 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus lamellosus TRUE TRUE FALSElamellosus. Hypoclinea lamellosa Mayr, 1870a: 390 (q.) COLOMBIA. Emery, 1894c: 233 (w.); Kempf, 1959b: 264 (m.). Combination in Dolichoderus: Emery, 1890a: 70; in D. (Monacis): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 263; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of missionensis: Kempf, 1959b: 263. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 65.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus laminatus TRUE TRUE FALSElaminatus. Hypoclinea laminata Mayr, 1870a: 389, fig. 8 (w.) COLOMBIA. [Also described as new by Mayr, 1870b: 956 (in key).] Forel, 1899c: 99 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 177 (l.). Combination in Dolichoderus: Emery, 1890a: 70; in D. (Monacis): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 259; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of luteiventris: Kempf, 1959b: 259. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 66.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus laurae TRUE TRUE FALSElaurae. Dolichoderus laurae Mackay, 1993b: 67, figs. 150-157 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus longicollis TRUE TRUE FALSElongicollis. Dolichoderus longicollis Mackay, 1993b: 69, figs. 17, 57 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus piceus TRUE TRUE FALSEpiceus. Dolichoderus piceus Mackay, 1993b: 81, figs. 38, 40, 75 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus superaculus TRUE TRUE FALSEsuperaculus. Hypoclinea superacula Lattke, 1987b: 261, fig. 2 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 99.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex biconis TRUE TRUE FALSEbiconis. Dorymyrmex biconis Forel, 1912h: 37 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Conomyrma (Biconomyrma): Kusnezov, 1952g: 430; in Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 85.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma confine TRUE TRUE FALSEconfine. Ectatomma confine Mayr, 1870a: 397 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Brown, 1958g: 295; Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 2; Arias-Penna, 2006: 446..
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma goninion TRUE TRUE FALSEgoninion. Ectatomma goninion Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 5, fig. 1 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius damiani TRUE TRUE FALSEdamiani. Forelius damiani Guerrero & Fernández, 2008: 53, figs. 1-3 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys andina TRUE TRUE FALSEandina. Gnamptogenys andina Lattke, 1995: 156, figs. 39, 40 (w.m.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys bisulca TRUE TRUE FALSEbisulca. Gnamptogenys bisulca Kempf & Brown, 1968: 92 (w.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1202 (l.).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys brunnea TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunnea. Gnamptogenys brunnea Lattke, 1995: 162, figs. 41, 42 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys dichotoma TRUE TRUE FALSEdichotoma. Gnamptogenys dichotoma Mackay & Mackay, in Lattke, Fernández, et al. 2008: 84, fig. 71 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys ejuncida TRUE TRUE FALSEejuncida. Gnamptogenys ejuncida Lattke, 1995: 165, figs. 48, 50 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys enodis TRUE TRUE FALSEenodis. Gnamptogenys enodis Lattke, Fernández & Palacio, 2004: 344, figs. 1, 2 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys ericae TRUE TRUE FALSEericae. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) tornatum var. ericae Forel, 1912c: 33 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Junior synonym of tornata: Brown, 1958g: 229. Revived from synonymy, raised to species and senior synonym of bufonum: Lattke, 1995: 166.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys gentryi TRUE TRUE FALSEgentryi. Gnamptogenys gentryi Lattke, 1995: 168 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys ingeborgae TRUE TRUE FALSEingeborgae. Gnamptogenys ingeborgae Brown, 1993: 279, figs. 3-7 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys nigrivitrea TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrivitrea. Gnamptogenys nigrivitrea Lattke, 1995: 177, figs. 58, 59 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys perspicax TRUE TRUE FALSEperspicax. Gnamptogenys perspicax Kempf & Brown, 1970: 316, figs. 3-5 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys pilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosa. Gnamptogenys pilosa Lattke, 1995: 178, figs. 51-53 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera inca TRUE TRUE FALSEinca. Heteroponera inca Brown, 1958g: 259, figs. 12, 13 (w.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1201 (l.).
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera monticola TRUE TRUE FALSEmonticola. Heteroponera monticola Kempf & Brown, 1970: 312, figs. 1, 2 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma columbica TRUE TRUE FALSEcolumbica. Pogonomyrmex (Hylomyrma) columbicus Forel, 1912g: 16 (w.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1960b: 4 (l.). Combination in Hylomyrma: Kempf, 1973b: 234.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma dolichops TRUE TRUE FALSEdolichops. Hylomyrma dolichops Kempf, 1973b: 239, figs. 4, 12 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma immanis TRUE TRUE FALSEimmanis. Hylomyrma immanis Kempf, 1973b: 241, fig. 2 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma praepotens TRUE TRUE FALSEpraepotens. Hylomyrma praepotens Kempf, 1973b: 245, figs. 1, 15 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma sagax TRUE TRUE FALSEsagax. Hylomyrma sagax Kempf, 1973b: 249, fig. 3 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera opaciceps gaigei TRUE TRUE FALSEgaigei. Ponera opaciceps var. gaigei Forel, 1914: 615 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera fiebrigi famini TRUE TRUE FALSEfamini. Ponera fiebrigi var. famini Forel, 1912c: 41 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera fiebrigi antoniensis TRUE TRUE FALSEantoniensis. Ponera fiebrigi var. antoniensis Forel, 1912c: 41 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Myrmicinae Attini Kalathomyrmex emeryi TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryi. Myrmicocrypta emeryi Forel, 1907f: 144 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1912e: 189 (q.m.). Combination in Cyphomyrmex (Mycetophylax): Emery, 1913b: 251; in Myrmicocrypta (Mycetophylax): Santschi, 1916e: 383; in Mycetophylax: Santschi, 1925e: 163. Senior synonym of hummelincki: Weber, 1958d: 263; of arenicola, argentina, bolivari, fortis, gallardoi, glaber, hubrichi, weiseri: Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 22.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus praedator sedulus TRUE TRUE FALSEsedulus. Eciton (Labidus) sedulus Menozzi, 1926d: 30, fig. 2 (m.) COLOMBIA. Borgmeier, 1955: 112 (s.w.); Borgmeier, 1958: 198 (q.). Combination in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 11. Currently subspecies of praedator: Borgmeier, 1953: 11.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex fernandezi TRUE TRUE FALSEfernandezi. Lachnomyrmex fernandezi Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 13, figs. 3, 18 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex grandis TRUE TRUE FALSEgrandis. Lachnomyrmex grandis Fernández & Baena, 1997: 111, fig. 2 (w.) COLOMBIA. Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 17 (q.).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex longinodus TRUE TRUE FALSElonginodus. Lachnomyrmex longinodus Fernández & Baena, 1997: 110, fig. 1 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 23.
Myrmicinae Lenomyrmecini Lenomyrmex foveolatus TRUE TRUE FALSEfoveolatus. Lenomyrmex foveolatus Fernández & Palacio, 1999: 13, fig. 8 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Lenomyrmecini Lenomyrmex inusitatus TRUE TRUE FALSEinusitatus. Lenomymex inusitatus Fernández, 2001: 201, fig. 1 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Lenomyrmecini Lenomyrmex mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Lenomyrmex mandibularis Fernández & Palacio, 1999: 8, figs. 1-3 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides legionaria TRUE TRUE FALSElegionaria. Leptanilloides legionaria Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 29, figs. 5, 6, 23, 32-35, 48-52, 60-67 (w.l.) COLOMBIA.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides sculpturata TRUE TRUE FALSEsculpturata. Leptanilloides sculpturata Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 30, figs. 7, 8, 17, 24 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys ingens TRUE TRUE FALSEingens. Leptogenys ingens Mayr, 1866a: 503 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys mucronata columbica TRUE TRUE FALSEcolumbica. Leptogenys mucronata var. columbica Forel, 1901f: 328 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema iniquum TRUE TRUE FALSEiniquum. Hypoclinea iniqua Mayr, 1870a: 392, fig. 10 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1908c: 395 (m.). Combination in Iridomyrmex: Emery, 1890b: 56; in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Senior synonym of bicolor, dominicensis, fuscescens, melleus, nigellus, succineus and material of the unavailable name paranaensis referred here: Wild, 2007a: 67.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema piliferum TRUE TRUE FALSEpiliferum. Hypoclinea pilifera Mayr, 1870a: 393 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. Crozier, 1970: 113 (k.). Wild, 2007a: 103 (m.). Combination in Iridomyrmex: Dalla Torre, 1893: 169; in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex bidentatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbidentatus. Megalomyrmex bidentatus Fernández & Baena, 1997: 112, fig. 3 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex cuatiara TRUE TRUE FALSEcuatiara. Megalomyrmex cuatiara Brandão, 1990: 440, figs. 93, 94, 103 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex cupecuara TRUE TRUE FALSEcupecuara. Megalomyrmex cupecuara Brandão, 1990: 423, figs. 3, 11, 21-23 (w.m.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex cyendyra TRUE TRUE FALSEcyendyra. Megalomyrmex cyendyra Brandão, 1990: 433, figs. 44, 54 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex leoninus TRUE TRUE FALSEleoninus. Megalomyrmex leoninus Forel, 1885a: 372 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Brandão, 1990: 436.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex poatan TRUE TRUE FALSEpoatan. Megalomyrmex poatan Brandão, 1990: 443, figs. 99, 100 (w.) COLOMBIA. Brandão, 2003: 154 (q.).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista dalmasi TRUE TRUE FALSEdalmasi. Myrmelachista (Decamera) dalmasi Forel, 1912i: 60 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista reclusi TRUE TRUE FALSEreclusi. Myrmelachista reclusi Forel, 1903c: 263 (diagnosis in key) (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in M. (Decamera): Forel, 1912i: 59; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista schumanni TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
schumanni. Myrmelachista (Decamera) schumanni Emery, 1890a: 70 (footnote) (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150. Current subspecies: nominal plus cordincola.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista zeledoni TRUE TRUE FALSEzeledoni. Myrmelachista zeledoni Emery, 1896g: 102 (w.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 203 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953c: 138 (l.); Longino, 2006a: 47 (q.).Combination in M. (Decamera): Emery, 1925b: 33; in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 150. Senior synonym of thiemei: Longino, 2006a: 47.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex antoniensis TRUE TRUE FALSEantoniensis. Leptothorax asper var. antoniensis Forel, 1912g: 18 (w.) COLOMBIA. Junior synonym of tristani: Kempf, 1959c: 415. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Longino, 2006b: 136.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia johannae TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
johannae. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) johannae Forel, 1912i: 66 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Current subspecies: nominal plus dibullana.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia nodifera TRUE TRUE FALSEnodifera. Prenolepis nodifera Mayr, 1870a: 388, fig. 7 (w.) COLOMBIA. Pergande, 1896: 860 (q.m.). Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Subspecies of anthracina: Pergande, 1896: 860. Revived status as species: Emery, 1925b: 222.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia johannae dibullana TRUE TRUE FALSEdibullana. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) johannae r. dibullana Forel, 1912i: 67 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Ochetomyrmex neopolitus TRUE TRUE FALSEneopolitus. Ochetomyrmex neopolitus Fernández, 2003c: 643, figs. 1D-F, 1H-L (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma impressa TRUE TRUE FALSEimpressa. Octostruma impressa Palacio, 1997: 411, figs. 1D-H (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma stenoscapa TRUE TRUE FALSEstenoscapa. Octostruma stenoscapa Palacio, 1997: 414, figs. 2D-F (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla aenescens TRUE TRUE FALSEaenescens. Pachycondyla aenescens Mayr, 1870a: 396 (w.) COLOMBIA. Emery, 1890b: 42 (q.); Forel, 1899c: 10 (m.). Combination in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 47; in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 302. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 194.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla agilis TRUE TRUE FALSEagilis. Neoponera (Eumecopone) agilis Forel, 1901e: 336 (w.) U.S.A. (locality in error; type-locality possibly Colombia: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 199). Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 302. Senior synonym of golbachi, goyana: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 199.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla arhuaca TRUE TRUE FALSEarhuaca. Euponera (Mesoponera) arhuaca Forel, 1901f: 339 (w.m.) COLOMBIA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 212 (q.). Combination in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Bolton, 1995b: 303. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 211.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla chyzeri TRUE TRUE FALSEchyzeri. Euponera (Mesoponera) chyzeri Forel, 1907a: 5 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 250 (q.). Combination in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 304.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla fusca TRUE TRUE FALSEfusca. Pachycondyla fusca Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 336, figs. 39, 40, 227, 458-460 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla fuscoatra TRUE TRUE FALSEfuscoatra. Ponera (Pachycondyla) fuscoatra Roger, 1861a: 8 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 339 (q.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Mayr, 1863: 439.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla hispida TRUE TRUE FALSEhispida. Pachycondyla hispida Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 383, figs. 38, 509-512 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla holcotyle TRUE TRUE FALSEholcotyle. Pachycondyla holcotyle Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 387, figs. 30, 39, 272, 513, 514 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla impressa TRUE TRUE FALSEimpressa. Ponera (Pachycondyla) impressa Roger, 1861a: 6 (w.) COLOMBIA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 395 (q.m.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Roger, 1863b: 18. Senior synonym of andicola, montana, transversa: Kempf, 1961c: 195.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla longidentata TRUE TRUE FALSElongidentata. Pachycondyla longidentata Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 441, figs. 48, 49, 98, 99, 201, 562, 563 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla moesta TRUE TRUE FALSEmoesta. Pachycondyla moesta Mayr, 1870a: 395 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1909a: 252 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1971b: 1205 (l.). Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47. Subspecies of pallipes: Emery, 1890b: 42; of crenata: Forel, 1899c: 13; Forel, 1912c: 37; Santschi, 1921g: 86. Junior synonym of crenata: Mayr, 1887: 534; Brown, 1957e: 234. Revived from synonymy: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 468. Senior synonym of confusa, mesonotalis, stipitum, sulcatula, and material of the unavailable names lata and subcarinata referred here: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 469.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla recava TRUE TRUE FALSErecava. Pachycondyla recava Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 493, figs. 76, 225, 615-617 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla rupinicola TRUE TRUE FALSErupinicola. Pachycondyla rupinicola Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 504, figs. 94, 96, 205, 309, 627-631 (w.q.m.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alticola TRUE TRUE FALSEalticola. Pheidole alticola Wilson, 2003: 368, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole amata TRUE TRUE FALSEamata. Pheidole amata Forel, 1901e: 360 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 651.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole arhuaca TRUE TRUE FALSEarhuaca. Pheidole arhuaca Forel, 1901e: 364 (s.w.q.) COLOMBIA. Senior synonym of bimons: Wilson, 2003: 373.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bellatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEbellatrix. Pheidole bellatrix Wilson, 2003: 663, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole biconstricta TRUE TRUE FALSEbiconstricta. Pheidole biconstricta Mayr, 1870a: 399 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Senior synonyn of bicolor, burtoni, festata, holmgreni, hybrida, lallemandi, rubicunda, surda and material of the unavailable names angustella, fuscata, regina referred here: Wilson, 2003: 143..
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole binasifera TRUE TRUE FALSEbinasifera. Pheidole binasifer Wilson, 2003: 664, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole brandaoi TRUE TRUE FALSEbrandaoi. Pheidole brandaoi Wilson, 2003: 150, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole calimana TRUE TRUE FALSEcalimana. Pheidole calimana Wilson, 2003: 175, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cataphracta TRUE TRUE FALSEcataphracta. Pheidole cataphracta Wilson, 2003: 611, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole charazana TRUE TRUE FALSEcharazana. Pheidole charazana Wilson, 2003: 398, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole chocoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchocoensis. Pheidole chocoensis Wilson, 2003: 274, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole diabolus TRUE TRUE FALSEdiabolus. Pheidole diabolus Wilson, 2003: 681, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole distorta TRUE TRUE FALSEdistorta. Pheidole distorta Forel, 1899c: 74 (footnote) (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in P. (Trachypheidole): Emery, 1915i: 190. See also: Wilson, 2003: 253.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dorsata TRUE TRUE FALSEdorsata. Pheidole dorsata Wilson, 2003: 635, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole eriophora TRUE TRUE FALSEeriophora. Pheidole eriophora Wilson, 2003: 685, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole euryscopa TRUE TRUE FALSEeuryscopa. Pheidole euryscopa Wilson, 2003: 415, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gaigei TRUE TRUE FALSEgaigei. Pheidole gaigei Forel, 1914c: 616 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 692.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gauthieri TRUE TRUE FALSEgauthieri. Pheidole ursus r. gauthieri Forel, 1901e: 367 (w.) COLOMBIA. Raised to species: Forel, 1912f: 233. Senior synonym of oxymora: Wilson, 2003: 693.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole grex TRUE TRUE FALSEgrex. Pheidole grex Wilson, 2003: 430, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole guajirana TRUE TRUE FALSEguajirana. Pheidole guajirana Wilson, 2003: 431, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole huilana TRUE TRUE FALSEhuilana. Pheidole huilana Wilson, 2003: 710, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole incisa TRUE TRUE FALSEincisa. Pheidole incisa Mayr, 1870a: 401 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 711.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole inversa TRUE TRUE FALSEinversa. Pheidole radoszkowskii var. inversa Forel, 1901e: 363 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 197.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laelaps TRUE TRUE FALSElaelaps. Pheidole laelaps Wilson, 2003: 198, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laeviventris TRUE TRUE FALSElaeviventris. Pheidole laeviventris Mayr, 1870a: 401 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 714.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lemnisca TRUE TRUE FALSElemnisca. Pheidole lemnisca Wilson, 2003: 443, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole metana TRUE TRUE FALSEmetana. Pheidole metana Wilson, 2003: 617, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole micon TRUE TRUE FALSEmicon. Pheidole micon Wilson, 2003: 454, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mirabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEmirabilis. Pheidole mirabilis Wilson, 2003: 722, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mutisi TRUE TRUE FALSEmutisi. Pheidole mutisi Fernández & Wilson, 2008: 207, figs. 1, 2 (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole oliveirai TRUE TRUE FALSEoliveirai. Pheidole oliveirai Wilson, 2003: 332, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pepo TRUE TRUE FALSEpepo. Pheidole pepo Wilson, 2003: 730, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pidax TRUE TRUE FALSEpidax. Pheidole pidax Wilson, 2003: 732, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole praeusta TRUE TRUE FALSEpraeusta. Pheidole praeusta Roger, 1863a: 197 (s.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1901e: 361 (w.). See also: Wilson, 2003: 340.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pygmaea TRUE TRUE FALSEpygmaea. Pheidole pygmaea Wilson, 2003: 490, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole quadriceps TRUE TRUE FALSEquadriceps. Pheidole quadriceps Wilson, 2003: 491, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole reclusi TRUE TRUE FALSEreclusi. Pheidole distorta r. reclusi Forel, 1899c: 75 (footnote) (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1901e: 356 (q.). Combination in P. (Trachypheidole): Emery, 1922e: 111. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 256.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sagax TRUE TRUE FALSEsagax. Pheidole sagax Wilson, 2003: 227, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole securigera TRUE TRUE FALSEsecurigera. Pheidole securiger Wilson, 2003: 751, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole seeldrayersi TRUE TRUE FALSEseeldrayersi. Pheidole seeldrayersi Forel, 1910a: 30 (s.w.q.) COLOMBIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 229.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole seligmanni TRUE TRUE FALSEseligmanni. Pheidole seligmanni Wilson, 2003: 230, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole servilia TRUE TRUE FALSEservilia. Pheidole servilia Wilson, 2003: 507, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sphaerica TRUE TRUE FALSEsphaerica. Pheidole sphaerica Wilson, 2003: 755, figs. (s.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole spilota TRUE TRUE FALSEspilota. Pheidole spilota Wilson, 2003: 233, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole steinheili TRUE TRUE FALSEsteinheili. Pheidole steinheili Forel, 1901e: 353 (s.w.q.m.) COLOMBIA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 757.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole subnuda TRUE TRUE FALSEsubnuda. Pheidole subnuda Wilson, 2003: 236, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole subsphaerica TRUE TRUE FALSEsubsphaerica. Pheidole subsphaerica Wilson, 2003: 761, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole superba TRUE TRUE FALSEsuperba. Pheidole superba Wilson, 2003: 762, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tenuis TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuis. Pheidole tenuis Wilson, 2003: 238, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tigris TRUE TRUE FALSEtigris. Pheidole tigris Wilson, 2003: 354, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tristops TRUE TRUE FALSEtristops. Pheidole tristops Wilson, 2003: 770, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole unicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEunicornis. Pheidole unicornis Wilson, 2003: 772, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vallifica TRUE TRUE FALSEvallifica. Pheidole vallifica Forel, 1901e: 357 (s.w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in P. (Elasmopheidole): Forel, 1913k: 43. See also: Wilson, 2003: 774.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole venatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEvenatrix. Pheidole venatrix Wilson, 2003: 247, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vomer TRUE TRUE FALSEvomer. Pheidole vomer Wilson, 2003: 776, figs. (s.w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Pogonomyrmex (Janetia) mayri Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote) (w.m.) COLOMBIA. Kugler, C. 1979a: 170 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953a: 112 (l.). Combination in P. (Forelomyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80. See also: Kugler, C. & Hincapié, 1983: 190.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex striatinodus TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatinodus.Pogonomyrmex striatinodus Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1650, figs. 1, 2 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium catio TRUE TRUE FALSEcatio. Proceratium catio De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 135, figs. 62 - 64 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium colombicum TRUE TRUE FALSEcolombicum. Proceratium colombicum De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 131, figs. 60, 61 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium transitionis TRUE TRUE FALSEtransitionis. Proceratium transitionis De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 119, figs. 56, 57 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus batesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbatesi. Procryptocerus batesi Forel, 1899c: 43 (footnote) (w.) COLOMBIA. Longino & Snelling, 2002: 9 (q.). Senior synonym of laeviventris: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 8. See also: Kempf, 1951: 22
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus carbonarius TRUE TRUE FALSEcarbonarius. Cataulacus carbonarius Mayr, 1870a: 414 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus coriarius TRUE TRUE FALSEcoriarius. Cataulacus coriarius Mayr, 1870a: 414 (w.) COLOMBIA. Kempf, 1951: 38 (q.). Combination in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470. See also: Longino & Snelling 2002: 13.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus ferreri TRUE TRUE FALSEferreri. Procryptocerus ferreri Forel, 1912e: 208 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Kempf, 1951: 66.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus hylaeus TRUE TRUE FALSEhylaeus. Procryptocerus goeldii subsp. hylaeus Kempf, 1951: 50 (w.) COLOMBIA. Longino & Snelling, 2002: 15 (q.). Raised to species: Kempf, 1964b: 247.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Procryptocerus mayri Forel, 1899c: 43 (footnote) (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Kempf, 1951: 103. Senior synonym of reichenspergeri: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 19.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus rudis TRUE TRUE FALSErudis. Cataulacus rudis Mayr, 1870a: 414 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Procryptocerus: Emery, 1887b: 470. See also: Kempf, 1951: 28.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex depressus TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressus. Pseudomyrma depressa Forel, 1906d: 225 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 217.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex elongatus TRUE TRUE FALSEelongatus. Pseudomyrma elongata Mayr, 1870a: 413 (w.) COLOMBIA. Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 86 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973d: 207 (l.). Combination in Leptalea: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 788; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 384. Senior synonym of tandem: Creighton, 1957b: 18; of alliodorae (and its junior synonym allidora): Ward, 1989: 419. See also: Ward, 1985b: 227; Ward, 1999b: 519.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex excisus TRUE TRUE FALSEexcisus. Pseudomyrma excisa Mayr, 1870a: 410 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 434.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex gebellii TRUE TRUE FALSEgebellii. Pseudomyrma gebellii Forel, 1899b: 303 (q.) COLOMBIA. [Also described as new by Forel, 1899d: 275.] Forel, 1912g: 25 (w.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 219.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex insuavis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsuavis. Pseudomyrmex insuavis Ward, 1999b: 492, figs. 10, 21, 32, 136, 152 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex laevivertex TRUE TRUE FALSElaevivertex. Pseudomyrma acanthobia r. laevivertex Forel, 1906d: 227 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 219. Subspecies of flavidulus: Forel, 1912g: 26. Raised to species: Ward, 1992: 80.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex oki TRUE TRUE FALSEoki. Pseudomyrma oki Forel, 1906d: 225 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1911e: 275 (q.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 399.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex pallens TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
pallens. Pseudomyrma pallens Mayr, 1870a: 411 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960a: 7. Current subspecies: nominal plus landolti.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex sericeus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
sericeus. Pseudomyrma sericea Mayr, 1870a: 412 (w.) COLOMBIA. Forel, 1904e: 691 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386 (l.). Combination in P. (Apedunculata): Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 385. Current subspecies: nominal plus acaciarum, cordiae, huberi, itus, longior.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex vitabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEvitabilis. Pseudomyrmex vitabilis Ward, 1999b: 514, fig. 38 (q.) COLOMBIA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex pallens landolti TRUE TRUE FALSElandolti. Pseudomyrma pallens var. landolti Forel, 1912g: 26 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960a: 7.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica castanea TRUE TRUE FALSEcastanea. Smithistruma (Smithistruma) castanea Brown, 1953g: 107 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 217.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica connectens TRUE TRUE FALSEconnectens. Strumigenys connectens Kempf, 1958b: 59, figs. 1-3 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 181.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica enopla TRUE TRUE FALSEenopla. Pyramica enopla Bolton, 2000: 185 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica gemella TRUE TRUE FALSEgemella. Strumigenys gemella Kempf, 1975a: 416, fig. 5 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 185.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica grytava TRUE TRUE FALSEgrytava. Pyramica grytava Bolton, 2000: 220 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica kompsomala TRUE TRUE FALSEkompsomala. Pyramica kompsomala Bolton, 2000: 234 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica laevipleura TRUE TRUE FALSElaevipleura. Strumigenys laevipleura Kempf, 1958b: 64, figs. 5-7 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 188.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica raptans TRUE TRUE FALSEraptans. Pyramica raptans Bolton, 2000: 162 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica teratrix TRUE TRUE FALSEteratrix. Pyramica teratrix Bolton, 2000: 163 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica vartana TRUE TRUE FALSEvartana. Pyramica vartana Bolton, 2000: 195, fig. 135 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica xenognatha TRUE TRUE FALSExenognatha. Strumigenys xenognatha Kempf, 1958b: 64, fig. 4 (q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 196.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Rhopalothrix ciliata TRUE TRUE FALSEciliata. Rhopalothrix ciliata Mayr, 1870a: 415 (w.) COLOMBIA. See also: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 232.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria lirata TRUE TRUE FALSElirata. Rogeria lirata Kugler, C. 1994: 43, figs. 28-30, 89-90 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria merenbergiana TRUE TRUE FALSEmerenbergiana. Rogeria merenbergiana Kugler, C. 1994: 46, figs. 46-48 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria nevadensis TRUE TRUE FALSEnevadensis. Rogeria nevadensis Kugler, C. 1994: 57, figs. 65, 94 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria tribrocca TRUE TRUE FALSEtribrocca. Rogeria tribrocca Kugler, C. 1994: 56, fig. 63 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex diego TRUE TRUE FALSEdiego. Sericomyrmex diego Forel, 1912e: 192 (w.m.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta fernandezi TRUE TRUE FALSEfernandezi. Simopelta fernandezi Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 301, figs. 15, 33 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta laevigata TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigata. Simopelta laevigata Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 304, figs. 8, 37 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta longirostris TRUE TRUE FALSElongirostris. Simopelta longirostris Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 308, figs. 14, 40 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta mayri TRUE TRUE FALSEmayri. Simopelta mayri Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 311, figs. 43, 44 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta transversa TRUE TRUE FALSEtransversa. Simopelta transversa Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 321, figs. 11, 13, 56-59 (w.q.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis laeviceps TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
laeviceps. Solenopsis laeviceps Mayr, 1870a: 406 (w.) COLOMBIA. Current subspecies: nominal plus antoniensis.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis rugiceps TRUE TRUE FALSErugiceps. Solenopsis rugiceps Mayr, 1870a: 406 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis spei TRUE TRUE FALSEspei. Solenopsis spei Forel, 1912g: 11 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis laeviceps antoniensis TRUE TRUE FALSEantoniensis. Solenopsis laeviceps var. antoniensis Forel, 1912g: 5 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys dyseides TRUE TRUE FALSEdyseides. Strumigenys dyseides Bolton, 2000: 552, fig. 326 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys incuba TRUE TRUE FALSEincuba. Strumigenys incuba Bolton, 2000: 541, fig. 320 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys monstra TRUE TRUE FALSEmonstra. Strumigenys monstra Bolton, 2000: 536 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys ruta TRUE TRUE FALSEruta. Strumigenys ruta Bolton, 2000: 557 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Technomyrmex gorgona TRUE TRUE FALSEgorgona. Technomyrmex gorgona Fernández & Guerrero, 2008: 111, fig. 3 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex bugnioni TRUE TRUE FALSEbugnioni. Atta (Trachymyrmex) bugnioni Forel, 1912e: 186 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. Senior synonym of abortivus, cucumis, humilis, morgani, schomburgki, tucuche: Weber, 1967: 273.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex cornetzi TRUE TRUE FALSEcornetzi. Atta (Trachymyrmex) cornetzi Forel, 1912e: 183 (w.q.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. Senior synonym of annulatus, bivittatus, brevispinosus, gatun, naranjo, uncifer: Weber, 1958b: 49.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex gaigei TRUE TRUE FALSEgaigei. Acromyrmex (Trachymyrmex) gaigei Forel, 1914c: 617 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 253.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex irmgardae TRUE TRUE FALSEirmgardae. Atta (Trachymyrmex) irmgardae Forel, 1912e: 185 (w.) COLOMBIA. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 84 species, 28 subspecies
Fossil: 2 species
Azteca Forel, 1878: 384. Type-species: Liometopum xanthochroum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Tapinoma instabilis, unjustified subsequent designation (based on inaccurate synonymy) by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 159. Type-species not Azteca muelleri, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1913a: 31; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 78.]
Azteca in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 163; Forel, 1895b: 108; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 104; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142.
Azteca in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Azteca in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 29; Forel, 1917: 248; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 690; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 627; Kempf, 1972a: 29; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Azteca in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 49; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 83.
Azteca in Dolichoderinae, Leptomyrmecini: Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
[Aztecum Bertkau, 1879: 13, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Genus Azteca references
Dalla Torre, 1893: 163 (catalogue); Emery, 1893b: 127 (species key); Emery, 1913a: 29 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 29 (catalogue); Longino, 1989: 1 (A. alfari group on Cecropia); Brandão, 1991: 329 (catalogue); Longino, 1991: 1571 (Cecropia-inhabiting species key); Shattuck, 1992c: 49 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 10 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 78 (catalogue); Longino, 1996: 131 (Costa Rica stem-inhabiting species key); Longino, 2007: 10 (Costa Rica species keys); Guerrero, et al. 2010: 53 (A. aurita group key).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista TRUE TRUE FALSE56 species, 13 subspecies
Myrmelachista Roger, 1863a: 162. Type-species: Myrmelachista kraatzii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmelachista in Formicinae: Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae].
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Forel, 1886f: 214; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 106; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 124; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143.
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 249.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 32; all subsequent authors except the following.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bolton, 2003: 23, 103.
Junior synonyms of MYRMELACHISTA
Neaphomus Menozzi, 1935c: 324 [as subgenus of Aphomomyrmex]. Type-species: Aphomomyrmex (Neaphomus) goetschi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Neaphomus in Formicinae, Dimorphomyrmecini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673.
Neaphomus in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Neaphomus as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Neaphomus as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110; all subsequent authors except the above.
Hincksidris Donisthorpe, 1944b: 59 [as subgenus of Myrmelachista].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Decamera Roger, 1863a: 166; junior homonym of Decamera Mulsant, 1842: 503 (Coleoptera).]
Hincksidris as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by Hincksidris
Decamera Roger, 1863a: 166. Type-species: Decamera nigella, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Decamera Roger junior homonym of Decamera Mulsant, 1842: 503 (Coleoptera).]
Decamera in Formicinae: Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae].
Decamera in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1917: 249.
Decamera as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Forel, 1878: 376; Mayr, 1887: 525; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Decamera as subgenus of Myrmelachista: Forel, 1886f: 214; Forel, 1917: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 32; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.
Genus Myrmelachista references
Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 429 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 10 (Myrmelachista, Decamera diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 376 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1887: 526 (species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 174 (catalogue); Forel, 1917: 249 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696 (genera, subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 31 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 32 (M. (Decamera) diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 188 (M. (Myrmelachista) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 147, 152 (Neotropical Myrmelachista, Neaphomus catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1423 (North America catalogue); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1925b: 31 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 65 (larvae, review & synthesis); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 275 (catalogue); Longino, 2006a: 10 (Costa Rica species, keys).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 344 species
Fossil: 4 species
Pyramica Roger, 1862a: 251. Type-species: Pyramica gundlachi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pyramica in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Emery, 1924d: 320; all subsequent authors.
Pyramica as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Bingham, 1903: 147; Emery, 1924d: 320; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723; Brown & Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, 1960b: 37; Kempf, 1972a: 242; Bolton, 1983: 358; Bolton, 1994: 105; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Pyramica as subgenus of Strumigenys: Brown, 1948e: 110.
Pyramica as genus: Mayr, 1863: 453; Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 90; Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 26.
Junior synonyms of PYRAMICA
Epitritus Emery, 1869a: 136. Type-species: Epitritus argiolus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Epitritus in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Epitritus in Myrmicinae: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 465 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 148.
Epitritus in Cryptoceridae, Dacetonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Epitritus in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1892d: 344; Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 770; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Arnold, 1917: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 666; Emery, 1924d: 326; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643; Brown, 1948e: 122; Brown, 1949b: 44; all subsequent authors.
Epitritus as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Epitritus as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 90.
Trichoscapa Emery, 1869b: 24 [as subgenus of Strumigenys]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Trichoscapa) membranifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Trichoscapa in Myrmicinae: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145.
Trichoscapa in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 323; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734; Brown, 1948e: 112; all subsequent authors.
Trichoscapa as subgenus of Strumigenys: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Forel, 1917: 246; Creighton, 1950a: 304.
Trichoscapa as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 13; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Trichoscapa as junior synonym of Cephaloxys: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 323; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734.
Trichoscapa as genus: Brown, 1948e: 112; Kempf, 1972a: 255; Bolton, 1983: 319.
Trichoscapa as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 90.
Pentastruma Forel, 1912a: 50. Type-species: Pentastruma sauteri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pentastruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 666; Emery, 1924d: 326; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 682; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Pentastruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Pentastruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Glamyromyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 487. Type-species: Glamyromyrmex beebei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Glamyromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 491; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 667; Emery, 1924d: 326; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 647; Brown, 1948e: 116; all subsequent authors.
Glamyromyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Glamyromyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Codiomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1916d: 326. Type-species: Codiomyrmex thaxteri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Codiomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 667; Emery, 1924d: 325; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633; Brown, 1948e: 114; all subsequent authors.
Codiomyrmex as subgenus of Strumigenys: Emery, 1924d: 325; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633.
Codiomyrmex as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1916d: 326; Brown, 1948e: 114.
Codiomyrmex as junior synonym of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Codiomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Codiomyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Tingimyrmex Mann, 1926: 104 [as subgenus of Strumigenys]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Tingimyrmex) mirabilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Tingimyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 732; Brown, 1948e: 111; all subsequent authors.
Tingimyrmex as subgenus of Strumigenys: Mann, 1926: 104; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 732.
Tingimyrmex as genus: Brown, 1948e: 111; Kempf, 1972a: 250.
Tingimyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Tingimyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Codioxenus Santschi, 1931c: 278 [as subgenus of Epitritus]. Type-species: Epitritus (Codioxenus) simulans, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Codioxenus in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633; Brown, 1948e: 123; all subsequent authors.
Codioxenus as genus: Brown, 1948e: 123.
Codioxenus as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Codioxenus as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Smithistruma Brown, 1948e: 104.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Cephaloxys Smith, F. 1865: 76; junior homonym of Cephaloxys Signoret, 1847: 294 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Strumigenys pulchella, unjustified subsequent designation by Brown, 1948e: 104, repeated in Kempf, 1972a: 230, Bolton, 1983: 274 and Bolton, 1995b: 46.]
Smithistruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 104.
Smithistruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Smithistruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Homonym replaced by Smithistruma
Cephaloxys Smith, F. 1865: 76. Type-species: Cephaloxys capitata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cephaloxys Smith, F. junior homonym of Cephaloxys Signoret, 1847: 294 (Hemiptera).]
Cephaloxys in Cryptoceridae: Smith, F. 1871a: 335.
Cephaloxys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668.
Cephaloxys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Dalla Torre, 1893: 15.
Cephaloxys as subgenus of Strumigenys: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 323; Bernard, 1953b: 254 (anachronism).
Weberistruma Brown, 1948e: 106 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) leptothrix, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Weberistruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 106.
Weberistruma as genus: Brown, 1949d: 7; Brown, 1953g: 24.
Weberistruma as junior synonym of Smithistruma: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Weberistruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Weberistruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Wessonistruma Brown, 1948e: 106 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys pergandei, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wessonistruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 106.
Wessonistruma junior synonym of Smithistruma: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Wessonistruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Wessonistruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Serrastruma Brown, 1948e: 107 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys simoni, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Serrastruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 107, and all subsequent authors.
Serrastruma as genus: Brown, 1949d: 6; Brown, 1952e: 70; Bolton, 1983: 335; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Serrastruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Serrastruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Neostruma Brown, 1948e: 111. Type-species: Strumigenys crassicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neostruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 111; all subsequent authors.
Neostruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Neostruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Dorisidris Brown, 1948e: 116. Type-species: Strumigenys (Codiomyrmex) nitens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dorisidris in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 116; all subsequent authors.
Dorisidris as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Dorisidris as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Miccostruma Brown, 1948e: 123. Type-species: Epitritus mandibularis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Miccostruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 123.
Miccostruma as junior synonym of Smithistruma: Bolton, 1983: 274.
Miccostruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Miccostruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Kyidris Brown, 1949d: 3. Type-species: Kyidris mutica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Kyidris in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1949d: 3.
Kyidris as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Kyidris as junior synonymof Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Chelystruma Brown, 1950a: 33 [as subgenus of Glamyromyrmex]. Type-species: Glamyromyrmex (Chelystruma) lilloana, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Chelystruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1950a: 33; all subsequent authors.
Chelystruma as subgenus of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1953g: 16.
Chelystruma as genus: Kempf, 1959d: 338; Kempf, 1972a: 77.
Chelystruma as junior synonym of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Chelystruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Chelystruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Polyhomoa Azuma, 1950: 36. Type-species: Polyhomoa itoi (junior synonym of Kyidris mutica), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Polyhomoa as junior synonym of Kyidris: Creighton, 1950b: 93; Brown & Yasumatsu, 1951: 93.
Polyhomoa as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Polyhomoa as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Borgmeierita Brown, 1953g: 23. Type-species: Codiomyrmex excisus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Borgmeierita in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1953g: 23.
Borgmeierita as junior synonym of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Borgmeierita as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Borgmeierita as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Platystruma Brown, 1953g: 112 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) depressiceps, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Platystruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1953g: 112; all subsequent authors.
Platystruma as junior synonym of Smithistruma: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Platystruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Platystruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Gymnomyrmex Borgmeier, 1954b: 279. Type-species: Gymnomyrmex splendens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Gymnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Borgmeier, 1954b: 279; all subsequent authors.
Gymnomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Gymnomyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Dysedrognathus Taylor, 1968d: 132. Type-species: Dysedrognathus extemenus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dysedrognathus in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Taylor, 1968d: 132.
Dysedrognathus as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 13; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Dysedrognathus as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Asketogenys Brown, 1972: 23. Type-species: Asketogenys acubecca, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Asketogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1972: 23.
Asketogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Asketogenys as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Cladarogenys Brown, 1976b: 33. Type-species: Cladarogenys lasia, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cladarogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1976b: 33.
Cladarogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Cladarogenys as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Genus Pyramica references
Mayr, 1863: 453 (catalogue); André, 1883b: 398, 402 (Europe & Algeria Strumigenys (Trichoscapa), Epitritus species); Dalla Torre, 1893: 145, 148 (Strumigenys, Epitritus catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 325 (North America species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 146 (New World species key); Santschi, 1913b: 257 (Afrotropical species key); Emery, 1916b: 205 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1917: 373 (South Africa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 918, 920 (Afrotropical Strumigenys (Cephaloxys), Epitritus catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 323, 325, 326 (Strumigenys (Cephaloxys), Strumigenys (Codiomyrmex), Glamyromyrmex, Pentastruma, Epitritus diagnoses, catalogues); Smith, M.R. 1931c: 691 (North America Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) species key); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Brown, 1948e: 112 - 124 (minor genera reviews); Brown, 1949b: 43 (Epitritus diagnosis, review); Brown, 1949d: 8 (Weberistruma species, review); Brown, 1949d: 21 (Japan, China & Taiwan species key); Creighton, 1950a: 301 (North America Strumigenys (Trichoscapa) species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104, 105, 106 (Asia Epitritus, Kyidris, Pentastruma, Smithistruma, Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) checklists); Brown, 1950a: 27 (Glamyromyrmex review); Brown, 1952e: 86 (Serrastruma diagnosis, species revision, key); Brown, 1953g: 20, 24 (Codiomyrmex, Weberistruma reviews); Brown, 1953g: 31, 46, 92, 114, 125, 130 (Smithistruma diagnosis, Nearctic, Neotropical, Malesian, Afrotropical, Palaearctic species revisions, keys); Wilson & Brown, 1956b: 439 (Kyidris species review); Brown, 1959b: 1 (Neostruma species review); Kempf, 1959d: 339 (Gymnomyrmex species key); Brown, 1960b: 37 (Strumigenys gundlachi group revision, key); Kempf, 1960f: 447 (Neotropical Glamyromyrmex species key); Kempf, 1960f: 451 (Gymnomyrmex species key); Brown, 1962b: 79 (Epitritus species key); Brown, 1964a: 183 (supplement to 1953e Smithistruma revision); Bernard, 1967: 243, 245 (Smithistruma, Epitritus diagnoses); Kempf, 1972a: 37, 77, 98, 110, 116, 163, 230, 250, 255 (Neotropical Borgmeierita, Chelystruma, Codiomyrmex, Codioxenus, Dorisidris, Glamyromyrmex, Gymnomyrmex, Neostruma, Smithistruma, Tingimyrmex, Trichoscapa catalogues); Bolton, 1972: 208 (Epitritus species key); Alayo, 1974: 19 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1405, 1408 (North America Smithistruma, Trichoscapa catalogues); Taylor, 1987a: 28 (Australia checklist); Brown & Boisvert, 1979: 201 (Pentastruma species review); Bolton, 1983: 274, 319, 320, 335, 353, 354 (Afrotropical Smithistruma, Trichoscapa, Glamyromyrmex, Serrastruma, Cladarogenys, Epitritus species revisions, keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 64 (Australia Glamyromyrmex catalogue); Perrault, 1986a: 3 (Gymnomyrmex species key); Ward, 1988: 122 (Western Nearctic Smithistruma species key); Terayama & Kubota, 1989: 787 (Taiwan Smithistruma species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 15 (synoptic classification); Brandão, 1991: 344, 346, 360, 378 (Neotropical catalogue); Arakelian & Dlussky, 1991: 150 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 68 (Japan Smithistruma species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 76 (Japan Epitritus species key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 - 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 75, 145, 146, 177, 183, 188, 207, 211, 219, 292, 316, 382, 383, 420, 421 (catalogue); Terayama, Lin & Wu, 1996: 328 (Taiwan Smithistruma species key); Ogata & Onoyama, 1998: 277 (Japan Smithistruma species key); Shattuck, 1999: 136, 170 (Australia Glamyromyrmex, Trichoscapa synopses); Bolton, 1999: 1657, 1667 (morphology, diagnosis, review of genus, phylogeny); Xu, 2000e: 297 (China Epitritus species key); Bolton, 2000: 95, 137, 272, 285, 342, 372, 472 (Nearctic, Neotropical, Afrotropical, West Palaearctic, Malagasy, Malesian-Oriental-East Palaearctic, Austral species revisions, keys); Xu & Zhou, 2004: 441 (China species, key); Longino, 2006b: 139 (Costa Rica species, additions to key); Terayama, 2009: 138 (Taiwan species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Ponera TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 52 species
Fossil: 5 species
Ponera Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica coarctata, by subsequent designation of Westwood, 1840a: 83 (see discussion in Taylor, 1967a: 6).
Taxonomic history
Ponera in Ponérites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 188.
Ponera in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 83; Smith, F. 1871a: 320.
Ponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1855: 386 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 65 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 54 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 37.
Ponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1899c: 15; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 38; Arnold, 1915: 77; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PONERA
Pseudocryptopone Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 12. Type-species: Cryptopone tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudocryptopone as junior synonym of Ponera: Wilson, 1957b: 356.
Selenopone Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 19. Type-species: Ponera selenophora, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Selenopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 725.
Selenopone as junior synonym of Ponera: Wilson, 1957b: 356.
Pteroponera Bernard, 1950a: 3. Type-species: Pteroponera sysphinctoides, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pteroponera as junior synonym of Ponera: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Genus Ponera references
[References before Taylor, 1967a refer to both Ponera and Hypoponera.]
Mayr, 1855: 386 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 83 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 721 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 447 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 85 (diagnosis); Forel, 1874: 64 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1879: 661 (all species key); André, 1882c: 239 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 37 (catalogue); Emery, 1895b: 60 (Mediterranean species key); Emery, 1896g: 53 (New World species key); Emery, 1900c: 316 (Australia, Papuasia & Oceania species key); Forel, 1900d: 322 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 89 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1909c: 367 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1911d: 88 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 76 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916b: 107 (Italy species key); Bondroit, 1918: 81 (France & Belgium species key); Gallardo, 1918b: 73 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1921: 419 (Fiji species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, 1009 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1931b: 266 (Costa Rica species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 13 (Pseudocryptopone species key); Smith, M.R. 1936: 420 (North America species key); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany species key); Creighton, 1950a: 47 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 68, 73, 74 (Asia Ponera, Pseudocryptopone, Selenopone checklists); Bernard, 1953b: 197 (West Africa species key); Wilson, 1957b: 359, 376 (P. tenuis, P. selenophora groups revisions, keys); Wilson, 1958d: 323, 343 (Melanesia & Moluccas species, Fiji species revisions, keys); Brown, 1958h: 22 (New Zealand species); Taylor, 1960: 180 (P. leae complex, key); Taylor, 1964: 139 (†fossil species, review); Taylor, 1967a: 18 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bernard, 1967: 83 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1341 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 38 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 63 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand, checklist); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 22 (Japan species key); Perrault, 1993: 337 (addition to Taylor, 1967a key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 360 (catalogue); Terayama, 1996: 14 (Japan species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 149 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 199 (Australia synopsis); Xu, 2001a: 52 and Xu, 2001c: 218 (China species keys); Zhou, 2001b: 37 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003: 170 (synopsis); Yoshimura, Hosoishi, et al. 2009: 200 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009: 109 (Taiwan species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex octospinosus volcanus TRUE TRUE FALSEvolcanus. Acromyrmex octospinosus subsp. volcanus Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 73 (s.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex coronatus rectispinus TRUE TRUE FALSErectispinus. Atta (Acromyrmex) moelleri subsp. rectispina Forel, 1908b: 41 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 350. Currently subspecies of coronatus: Santschi, 1925a: 362; Kempf, 1972a: 12.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex coronatus importunus TRUE TRUE FALSEimportunus. Acromyrmex coronatus st. importunus Santschi, 1925a: 362 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga keira TRUE TRUE FALSEkeira. Acropyga keira LaPolla, 2004a: 53, figs. 21, 39, 45 (w.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga palaga TRUE TRUE FALSEpalaga. Acropyga palaga LaPolla, 2004a: 54, figs. 21, 39, 45 (w.m.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex brenesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbrenesi. Adelomyrmex brenesi Longino, 2006b: 132, figs. 1-3 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex brevispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevispinosus. Adelomyrmex brevispinosus Fernández, in Fernández & Mackay, 2003: 596, figs. 1-3 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 15.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex foveolatus TRUE TRUE FALSEfoveolatus. Adelomyrmex foveolatus Fernández, in Fernández & Mackay, 2003: 599, figs. 8A,B (w.q.) COSTA RICA. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 17.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex longinoi TRUE TRUE FALSElonginoi. Adelomyrmex longinoi Fernández, 2003b: 21 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex microps TRUE TRUE FALSEmicrops. Adelomyrmex microps Fernández, in Fernández & Mackay, 2003: 602, fig. 8C (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 23.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex minimus TRUE TRUE FALSEminimus. Adelomyrmex minimus Fernández, in Fernández & Mackay, 2003: 602 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 24.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Apsychomyrmex silvestrii Menozzi, 1931b: 270, fig.6 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Adelomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 18. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 28.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex tristani TRUE TRUE FALSEtristani. Apsychomyrmex tristani Menozzi, 1931b: 269, fig. 6 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Adelomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 18. Fernández, 2003b: 30 (q.).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus micans TRUE TRUE FALSEmicans. Anochetus micans Brown, 1978c: 557 (w.) COSTA RICA. [First available use of Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) emarginatus subsp. testaceus var. micans Forel, 1908b: 36; unavailable name.]
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus striatulus TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatulus. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) emarginatus r. striatula Emery, 1890a: 64 (w.) COSTA RICA. Raised to species: Brown, 1978c: 559 (see also p. 610).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster araneoides TRUE TRUE FALSEaraneoides. Aphaenogaster araneoides Emery, 1890b: 48, pl. 5, fig. f8 (w.) COSTA RICA. Borgmeier, 1949: 206 (m.). [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 54.] Combination in Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex): Forel, 1899c: 60; in Stenamma: Forel, 1907e: 4; in Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma): Emery, 1915d: 71. Senior synonym of brevicollis: Longino & Cover, 2004: 9.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster phalangium TRUE TRUE FALSEphalangium. Aphaenogaster phalangium Emery, 1890b: 47, pl. 5, figs. 6, 7 (w.m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex): Forel, 1899c: 59; in Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma): Emery, 1915d: 71. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 54.] Senior synonym of canalis, inermis, nitidiventris: Longino & Cover, 2004: 10.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma calverti TRUE TRUE FALSEcalverti. Apterostigma calverti Wheeler, W.M. 1911h: 206 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. See also: Lattke, 1997: 143.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma collare TRUE TRUE FALSEcollare. Apterostigma collare Emery, 1896g: 99, pl. 1, fig. 18 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1899c: 38 (m.). See also: Lattke, 1997: 147.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma dentigerum TRUE TRUE FALSEdentigerum. Apterostigma dentigerum Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 51 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of angulatum, dubium: Weber, 1958c: 246. See also: Lattke, 1997: 151.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma goniodes TRUE TRUE FALSEgoniodes. Apterostigma goniodes Lattke, 1997: 155, figs. 64, 85, 104, 125, 148 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma robustum TRUE TRUE FALSErobustum. Apterostigma robustum Emery, 1896g: 98, pl. 1, fig. 17 (w.) COSTA RICA. Lattke, 1997: 168 (m.). Senior synonym of amiae, branneri, constrictum, tic: Weber, 1958c: 249. See also: Lattke, 1997: 167.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca alfari TRUE TRUE FALSEalfari. Azteca alfari Emery, 1893b: 138, pl. 2, figs. 48, 49 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Emery, 1896c: 3 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 192 (l.). Senior synonym of breviscapa, cecropiae, curtiscapa, fumaticeps, langi, lucidula, lynchi (and its junior synonym argentina), mixta, virens and material of the unavailable name zonalis referred here: Longino, 1989: 5; senior synonym of bicolor: Longino, 1992: 1575. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 215; Longino, 2007: 15. [Note: in the older literature the name of this taxon is frequently misspelled as alfaroi, for example Emery, 1896c: 4; Forel, 1899c: 113.]
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca beltii TRUE TRUE FALSEbeltii. Azteca bicolor r. beltii Emery, 1893b: 142, pl. 2, figs. 61-63 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Raised to species and senior synonym of laeta, stolli: Longino, 1996: 136. See also: Longino, 1992: 1575; Longino, 2007: 21.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca brevis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevis. Azteca brevis Forel, 1899c: 121, pl. 4, fig. 17 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Longino, 2007: 22.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca coeruleipennis TRUE TRUE FALSEcoeruleipennis. Azteca coeruleipennis Emery, 1893b: 130, pl. 1, figs. 1-11 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. See also: Longino, 1992: 1583; Longino, 2007: 25.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca constructor TRUE TRUE FALSEconstructor. Azteca constructor Emery, 1896c: 2, figs. 2, 3 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of emmae, guianae: Longino, 1992: 1585. See also: Longino, 2007: 26.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca flavigaster TRUE TRUE FALSEflavigaster. Azteca flavigaster Longino, 2007: 30, figs. 3, 4A, 5, 6A, 6E, 6F, 8 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca forelii TRUE TRUE FALSEforelii. Azteca forelii Emery, 1893b: 137, pl. 2, figs. 50, 51 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of championi, eiseni, raptrix, ursina, xysticola: Longino, 2007: 32.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca gnava TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
gnava. Azteca paraensis r. gnava Forel, 1906d: 241 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Raised to species: Forel, 1912h: 49. Senior synonym of rossi, surubrensis: Longino, 2007: 34. Current subspecies: nominal plus cayennensis.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca longiceps TRUE TRUE FALSElongiceps. Azteca longiceps Emery, 1893b: 144, pl. 2, figs. 64, 65 (q.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 230 (s.w.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 193 (l.). Senior synonym of prorsa: Longino, 2007: 37. See also: Longino, 1996: 138.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca nanogyna TRUE TRUE FALSEnanogyna. Azteca nanogyna Longino, 2007: 57, figs. 4A, 9 (q.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca oecocordia TRUE TRUE FALSEoecocordia. Azteca oecocordia Longino, 2007: 41, figs. 2, 4A, 4B, 5, 6D, 9 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca pilosula TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosula. Azteca aurita r. pilosula Forel, 1899c: 115, pl. 4, fig. 15 (q.) COSTA RICA. Junior synonym of aurita: Forel, 1912h: 54. Revived from synonymy, raised to species and senior synonym of lacrymosa: Longino, 2007: 57.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca pittieri TRUE TRUE FALSEpittieri. Azteca pittieri Forel, 1899c: 120, pl. 4, fig. 16 (w.) COSTA RICA. Menozzi, 1927d: 337 (q.m.). See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 237. Senior synonym of emarginatisquamis: Longino, 1996: 144; of patruelis: Longino, 2007: 43.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca quadraticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEquadraticeps. Azteca quadraticeps Longino, 2007: 45, figs. 3, 4A, 5, 6A, 6B, 8 (q.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca schimperi TRUE TRUE FALSEschimperi. Azteca schimperi Emery, 1893b: 140, pl. 2, figs. 43-46 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1908c: 387 (q.m.). Senior synonym of clariceps, fiebrigi, pallidula: Longino, 2007: 58.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca sericeasur TRUE TRUE FALSEsericeasur. Azteca sericeasur Longino, 2007: 46, figs. 3, 4A, 5, 6E, 6F, 7 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca tonduzi TRUE TRUE FALSEtonduzi. Azteca tonduzi Forel, 1899c: 114 (w.m.) COSTA RICA. See also: Longino, 2007: 49.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Basiceros manni Brown & Kempf, 1960: 177, figs. 3, 11 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1983: 607 (l.). See also: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1986: 12; Wilson & Hölldobler, 1986: 70.
Dolichoderinae Bothriomyrmecini Bothriomyrmex paradoxus TRUE TRUE FALSEparadoxus. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus Dubovikov & Longino, 2004: 3, figs. 1 – 5 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex musculus TRUE TRUE FALSEmusculus. Brachymyrmex tristis r. musculus Forel, 1899c: 124 (w.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1901c: 135 (q.). Raised to species: Forel, 1901c: 135. See also: Santschi, 1923b: 673.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex nebulosus TRUE TRUE FALSEnebulosus. Brachymyrmex nebulosus LaPolla & Longino, 2006: 299, fig. 1 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex santschii TRUE TRUE FALSEsantschii. Brachymyrmex santschii Menozzi, 1927d: 338, fig. 5 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex coactus nictitans TRUE TRUE FALSEnictitans. Brachymyrmex coactus var. nictitans Emery, 1906c: 178 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus albicoxis TRUE TRUE FALSEalbicoxis. Camponotus landolti r. albicoxis Forel, 1899c: 136 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Raised to species: Emery, 1925b: 83.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus apostolus TRUE TRUE FALSEapostolus. Camponotus apostolus Forel, 1901e: 369 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Myrmoturba): Emery, 1920b: 255; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 79.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus biolleyi TRUE TRUE FALSEbiolleyi. Camponotus biolleyi Forel, 1902b: 177 (s.w.m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus curviscapus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurviscapus. Camponotus curviscapus Emery, 1896g: 103, pl. 1, fig. 20 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Colobopsis): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus dolabratus TRUE TRUE FALSEdolabratus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) dolabratus Menozzi, 1927d: 341, fig. 6 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus elevatus TRUE TRUE FALSEelevatus. Camponotus elevatus Forel, 1899c: 144 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1920b: 260.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus integellus TRUE TRUE FALSEintegellus. Camponotus integellus Forel, 1899c: 150 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1912i: 92; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270; in C. (Paracolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154. Senior synonym of rudigenis: Forel, 1904c: 49.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus juliae TRUE TRUE FALSEjuliae. Camponotus juliae Emery, 1903: 68, fig. 3 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269; in C. (Myrmamblys): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mucronatus TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
mucronatus. Camponotus mucronatus Emery, 1890b: 58 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 63.] Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424. Current subspecies: nominal plus formaster, hirsutinasus, santschii.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus normatus TRUE TRUE FALSEnormatus. Camponotus normatus Forel, 1899c: 146 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus obreptivus TRUE TRUE FALSEobreptivus. Camponotus obreptivus Forel, 1899c: 137 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Dinomyrmex): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pittieri TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
pittieri. Camponotus pittieri Forel, 1899c: 143 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 271. Current subspecies: nominal plus fuscogaster, poenalis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus raphaelis TRUE TRUE FALSEraphaelis. Camponotus raphaelis Forel, 1899c: 146 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rectangularis TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
rectangularis. Camponotus rectangularis Emery, 1890b: 57 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 62.] Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1933a: 63. Current subspecies: nominal plus aulicus, rubroniger, setipes, sordidatus, willowsi.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus textor TRUE TRUE FALSEtextor. Camponotus senex r. textor Forel, 1899c: 138 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 164. Raised to species: Longino, 2006b: 134.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus tonduzi TRUE TRUE FALSEtonduzi. Camponotus tonduzi Forel, 1899c: 151 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Hypercolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ulvarum TRUE TRUE FALSEulvarum. Camponotus ulvarum Forel, 1899c: 153 (s.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conspicuus zonatus TRUE TRUE FALSEzonatus. Camponotus extensus subsp. zonatus Emery, 1894f: 3 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1908a: 72 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80. Subspecies of landolti: Forel, 1899c: 136; Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 117. Raised to species: Forel, 1901e: 371; Emery, 1920b: 255. Junior synonym of inaequalis: Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 503 (in text). Currently subspecies of conspicuus: Forel, 1902b: 171; Forel, 1908a: 72; Forel, 1914a: 268; Santschi, 1922c: 101; Emery, 1925b: 80; Kempf, 1972a: 66.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus maculatus impatibilis TRUE TRUE FALSEimpatibilis. Camponotus maculatus r. impatibilis Forel, 1899c: 135 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233. Currentlysubspecies of simillimus: Santschi, 1922c: 101.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planatus acaciae TRUE TRUE FALSEacaciae. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) planatus var. acaciae Emery, 1920c: 39 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus novogranadensis modestior TRUE TRUE FALSEmodestior. Camponotus novogranadensis var. modestior Forel, 1904c: 51 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus linnaei muticus TRUE TRUE FALSEmuticus. Camponotus angulatus r. muticus Forel, 1899c: 147 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Emery, 1925b: 168. Currently subspecies of linnaei: Emery, 1925b: 168.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brevis pauli TRUE TRUE FALSEpauli. Camponotus brevis var. pauli Forel, 1908b: 71 (w.m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 163.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sericeiventris rex TRUE TRUE FALSErex. Camponotus sericeiventris subsp. rex Forel, 1907e: 13 (w.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1931c: 95 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmepomis): Emery, 1925b: 171.
Ponerinae Ponerini Centromyrmex alfaroi TRUE TRUE FALSEalfaroi. Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery, 1890b: 40 (w.) COSTA RICA. Emery, 1906c: 115 (q.). [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 46.] See also: Kempf, 1967b: 404.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes alfaroi TRUE TRUE FALSEalfaroi. Cryptocerus alfaroi Emery, 1890b: 76 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 59.] Combination in Cephalotes: Emery, 1914c: 39. See also: Kempf, 1951: 112. Junior synonym of serraticeps: Kempf, 1963c: 437. Revived from synonymy: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 129.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes biguttatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbiguttatus. Cryptocerus gibbosus r. biguttatus Emery, 1890b: 73, pl. 9, fig. 3 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 59.] Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 226; in Zacryptocerus: Kugler, C. 1978a: 474; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 303. Subspecies of multispinosus: Forel, 1899c: 50; Kempf, 1972a: 179. Raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 303.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes cristatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcristatus. Cryptocerus cristatus Emery, 1890b: 72, pl. 9, fig. 2 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 60.] De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 335 (m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 216; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 325.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes curvistriatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvistriatus. Cryptocerus curvistriatus Forel, 1899c: 52 (w.) COSTA RICA. Kempf, 1958a: 115 (s.q.m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 114; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 593.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes setulifer TRUE TRUE FALSEsetulifer. Cryptocerus setulifer Emery, 1894c: 211, pl. 4, figs. 34-37 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 211 (s.m.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Paracryptocerus (Cyathomyrmex): Kempf, 1958a: 146; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 551. Senior synonym of orbis: Kempf, 1958a: 146.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster bryophilia TRUE TRUE FALSEbryophilia. Crematogaster bryophilia Longino, 2003a: 41, pl. 7 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster erecta TRUE TRUE FALSEerecta. Crematogaster erecta Mayr, 1866b: 902, pl. 20, fig. 12 (w.) COSTA RICA. Longino, 2003a: 64 (q.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Senior synonym of virgula: Kempf, 1968b: 381; of projecta: Longino, 2003a: 63.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster flavomicrops TRUE TRUE FALSEflavomicrops. Crematogaster flavomicrops Longino, 2003a: 68 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster foliocrypta TRUE TRUE FALSEfoliocrypta. Crematogaster foliocrypta Longino, 2003a: 73 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster jardinero TRUE TRUE FALSEjardinero. Crematogaster jardinero Longino, 2003a: 75 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster longispina TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
longispina. Crematogaster longispina Emery, 1890b: 53 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 57.] Longino, 2003a: 83 (q.). Combination in C. (Eucrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182 [misspelled here as longissima]; in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136; Santschi, 1923c: 250. Current subspecies: nominal plus naumannae, nura. See also: Longino, 2003a: 82.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster monteverdensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmonteverdensis. Crematogaster monteverdensis Longino, 2003a: 89 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster raptor TRUE TRUE FALSEraptor. Crematogaster raptor Longino, 2003a: 99, pls. 2, 8 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster snellingi TRUE TRUE FALSEsnellingi. Crematogaster snellingi Longino, 2003a: 104, pls. 1, 8 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sotobosque TRUE TRUE FALSEsotobosque. Crematogaster sotobosque Longino, 2003a: 106, pls. 1, 5 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster wardi TRUE TRUE FALSEwardi. Crematogaster wardi Longino, 2003a: 123, pl. 7 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex andersoni TRUE TRUE FALSEandersoni. Cyphomyrmex andersoni Mackay & Serna, 2010: 45, figs. 1-6 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex dixus TRUE TRUE FALSEdixus. Cyphomyrmex dixus Snelling & Longino, 1992: 489, figs. 3, 11, 18 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Discothyrea horni TRUE TRUE FALSEhorni. Discothyrea horni Menozzi, 1927c: 270, fig. 1 (q.) COSTA RICA. Menozzi, 1931b: 261 (w.). See also: Sosa-Calvo & Longino, 2008: 226.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus inermis TRUE TRUE FALSEinermis. Dolichoderus inermis Mackay, 1993b: 63, figs. 9, 10 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus validus TRUE TRUE FALSEvalidus. Monacis validus Kempf, 1959b: 244, pl. 1, fig. 5; pl. 2, fig. 9; pl. 3, fig. 7; pl. 5, fig. 4 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 104.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton vagans mutatum TRUE TRUE FALSEmutatum. Eciton vagans subsp. mutatum Borgmeier, 1955: 242, pl. 11, fig. 7; pl. 14, fig. 8; pl. 19, fig. 12 (s.w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma gibbum TRUE TRUE FALSEgibbum. Ectatomma gibbum Kugler, C. & Brown, 1982: 4, fig. 1 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys alfaroi TRUE TRUE FALSEalfaroi. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) alfaroi Emery, 1894c: 145 (q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227. See also: Brown, 1958g: 301.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys bispinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEbispinosa. Ectatomma (Holcoponera) bispinosum Emery, 1890b: 40 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 47.] Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 133 (l.). Combination in E. (Ectatomma): Emery, 1896g: 37; in E. (Poneracantha): Emery, 1897d: 547; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227. See also: Brown, 1958g: 301; Lattke, 1995: 158.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys mordax TRUE TRUE FALSEmordax. Ponera mordax Smith, F. 1858b: 98 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Borgmeier, 1937b: 220 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 134 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys): Emery, 1894c: 145; in Gnamptogenys: Mann, 1922: 3. Senior synonym of nodosa, purensis, sebastiani: Brown, 1958g: 228. See also: Lattke, 1995: 176.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys porcata TRUE TRUE FALSEporcata. Ectatomma (Holcoponera) porcatum Emery, 1896g: 48 (w.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1908b: 38 (q.m.). Combination in Holcoponera: Emery, 1911d: 40; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of magnifica: Lattke, 1995: 180.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys simulans TRUE TRUE FALSEsimulans. Alfaria simulans Emery, 1896e: 177 (footnote) (w.) COSTA RICA. Emery, 1896g: 42 (q.m., species also described as new here). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229 (see also p. 316).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys stellae TRUE TRUE FALSEstellae. Gnamptogenys stellae Lattke, 1995: 183, figs. 60, 61 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys volcano TRUE TRUE FALSEvolcano. Gnamptogenys volcano Lattke, 1995: 191, figs. 64, 65 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Holcoponera rustica st. wheeleri Santschi, 1929h: 448, figs. 9, 19 (w.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 124 (l.). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 230. Raised to species and senior synonym of mayri: Brown, 1958g: 230.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera creola TRUE TRUE FALSEcreola. Ponera creola Menozzi, 1931b: 263, fig. 3 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera faceta TRUE TRUE FALSEfaceta. Ponera faceta Menozzi, 1931b: 264, fig. 4 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera ignigera TRUE TRUE FALSEignigera. Ponera ignigera Menozzi, 1927c: 271 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera nitidula TRUE TRUE FALSEnitidula. Ponera nitidula Emery, 1890b: 43 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 49.] Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 453 (l.). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus curvipes TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvipes. Eciton curvipes Emery, 1900a: 180 (m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 133.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus spininodis TRUE TRUE FALSEspininodis. Eciton spininode Emery, 1890b: 38 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 45.] Borgmeier, 1955: 118 (s.). Combination in Eciton (Labidus): Emery, 1910b: 23; in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 6.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex laticeps TRUE TRUE FALSElaticeps. Lachnomyrmex laticeps Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 19, figs. 6, 18 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex longinoi TRUE TRUE FALSElonginoi. Lachnomyrmex longinoi Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 25, figs. 9, 18 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex regularis TRUE TRUE FALSEregularis. Lachnomyrmex regularis Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 38, figs. 15, 19 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Lenomyrmecini Lenomyrmex colwelli TRUE TRUE FALSEcolwelli. Lenomyrmex colwelli Longino, 2006b: 135, figs. 8-10 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides mckennae TRUE TRUE FALSEmckennae. Leptanilloides mckennae Longino, 2003b: 2, pl. 1 (w.) COSTA RICA. Ward, 2007b: 642 (m.).
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys famelica TRUE TRUE FALSEfamelica. Leptogenys famelica Emery, 1896g: 91, pl. 1, fig. 6 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Forel, 1899c: 18.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys josephi TRUE TRUE FALSEjosephi. Leptogenys josephi Mackay & Mackay, 2004: 256, figs. 1-6 (q.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys punctaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctaticeps. Leptogenys punctaticeps Emery, 1890a: 62 (footnote) (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 49.] Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 168 (m.); Menozzi, 1927c: 272 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 455 (l.). [Name misspelled as puncticeps by Emery, 1911d: 100; Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 14; see Kempf, 1972a: 130.]
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys pusilla TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
pusilla. Lobopelta pusilla Emery, 1890b: 43 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 49.] Combination in Leptogenys: Forel, 1899c: 18. Current subspecies: nominal plus panamana.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex foreli TRUE TRUE FALSEforeli. Megalomyrmex foreli Emery, 1890b: 46, pl. 5, fig. 3 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 53.] Forel, 1899c: 58 (m.). Senior synonym of latreillei: Brandão, 2003: 152. See also: Brandão, 1990: 434.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex miri TRUE TRUE FALSEmiri. Megalomyrmex miri Brandão, 1990: 452, figs. 117, 118 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex modestus TRUE TRUE FALSEmodestus. Megalomyrmex modestus Emery, 1896g: 94 (w.) COSTA RICA. Brandão, 1990: 426 (q.m.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex mondabora TRUE TRUE FALSEmondabora. Megalomyrmex mondabora Brandão, 1990: 442, fig. 95, 96 (w.) COSTA RICA. Longino, 2010: 47 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex nocarina TRUE TRUE FALSEnocarina. Megalomyrmex nocarina Longino, 2010: 51, figs. 5A, 5C, 10A, 10B (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex reina TRUE TRUE FALSEreina. Megalomyrmex reina Longino, 2010: 53, figs. 11A–D (q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex wettereri TRUE TRUE FALSEwettereri. Megalomyrmex wettereri Brandão, 2003: 155, figs. 1-4 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetosoritis vinsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEvinsoni. Mycetosoritis vinsoni Mackay, 1998c: 421, figs. 1, 2 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycocepurus curvispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvispinosus. Mycocepurus curvispinosus Mackay, 1998c: 423, figs. 5, 6, 9 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista cooperi TRUE TRUE FALSEcooperi. Camponotus (Myrmostenus) cooperi Gregg, 1951: 80, figs. 2, 3 (q.) COSTA RICA. Longino, 2006a: 14 (w.m.). Combination in Aphomomyrmex: Gregg, 1954a: 104; in Neaphomus: Kempf, 1972a: 152; in Myrmelachista: Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista flavocotea TRUE TRUE FALSEflavocotea. Myrmelachista flavocotea Longino, 2006a: 17, figs. 2, 4, 6, 11, 13 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista flavoguarea TRUE TRUE FALSEflavoguarea. Myrmelachista flavoguarea Longino, 2006a: 20, figs. 1, 6, 12, 13 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista haberi TRUE TRUE FALSEhaberi. Myrmelachista haberi Longino, 2006a: 23, figs. 1, 4, 7, 8, 9 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista joycei TRUE TRUE FALSEjoycei. Myrmelachista joycei Longino, 2006a: 25, figs. 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista lauroatlantica TRUE TRUE FALSElauroatlantica. Myrmelachista lauroatlantica Longino, 2006a: 28, figs. 4, 7, 8, 9 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista lauropacifica TRUE TRUE FALSElauropacifica. Myrmelachista lauropacifica Longino, 2006a: 31, figs. 4, 6, 11, 13 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista longiceps TRUE TRUE FALSElongiceps. Myrmelachista longiceps Longino, 2006a: 33, figs. 5, 7, 8, 12, 14 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista meganaranja TRUE TRUE FALSEmeganaranja. Myrmelachista meganaranja Longino, 2006a: 36, figs. 1, 6, 12, 13 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista nigrocotea TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrocotea. Myrmelachista nigrocotea Longino, 2006a: 40, figs. 1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista osa TRUE TRUE FALSEosa. Myrmelachista osa Longino, 2006a: 42, figs. 1, 4, 7, 8, 9 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista plebecula TRUE TRUE FALSEplebecula. Myrmelachista plebecula Menozzi, 1927d: 338 (w.) COSTA RICA. Longino, 2006a: 43 (q.). Senior synonym of costaricensis: Longino, 2006a: 43.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex alfaroi TRUE TRUE FALSEalfaroi. Eciton alfaroi Emery, 1890b: 39 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 45.] Borgmeier, 1949: 202 (q.). Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1894c: 182 (in text); in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1949: 201; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 533.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex asper TRUE TRUE FALSEasper. Neivamyrmex asper Borgmeier, 1955: 547 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex compressinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEcompressinodis. Neivamyrmex compressinodis Borgmeier, 1953: 50 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 558.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex digitistipus TRUE TRUE FALSEdigitistipus. Neivamyrmex digitistipus Watkins, 1975b: 203, figs. 1-6 (m.) COSTA RICA.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex gibbatus TRUE TRUE FALSEgibbatus. Neivamyrmex gibbatus Borgmeier, 1953: 45, fig. 30 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 347.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex humilis TRUE TRUE FALSEhumilis. Eciton (Acamatus) humile Borgmeier, 1939: 415 (w.) COSTA RICA. Borgmeier, 1948a: 194 (q.m.). Combination in E. (Neivamyrmex): Borgmeier, 1948a: 194; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 401.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex longiscapus TRUE TRUE FALSElongiscapus. Neivamyrmex longiscapus Borgmeier, 1953: 27, figs. 4, 25, 26 (m.) COSTA RICA. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 383.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex macrodentatus TRUE TRUE FALSEmacrodentatus. Eciton (Acamatus) macrodentatus Menozzi, 1931b: 260, fig. 1 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 11. Material of the nomen nudum tristani referred here by Borgmeier, 1939: 414.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex spatulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEspatulatus. Eciton (Acamatus) spatulatum Borgmeier, 1939: 417, fig. 2 (m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 5. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 529.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex spoliator TRUE TRUE FALSEspoliator. Eciton spoliator Forel, 1899c: 29 (m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1900a: 187; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 639.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex klugii distans TRUE TRUE FALSEdistans. Neivamyrmex klugii subsp. distans Borgmeier, 1953: 32 (m.) COSTA RICA. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 599.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex pittieri TRUE TRUE FALSEpittieri. Leptothorax pittieri Forel, 1899c: 56 (w.) COSTA RICA. Kempf, 1959c: 411 (q.). Combination in L. (Goniothorax): Emery, 1924d: 250; in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 411; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex vargasi TRUE TRUE FALSEvargasi. Nesomyrmex vargasi Longino, 2006b: 136, figs. 11, 12 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia caeciliae TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
caeciliae. Prenolepis caeciliae Forel, 1899c: 126 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1908b: 65; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Current subspecies: nominal plus elevata.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia lietzi TRUE TRUE FALSElietzi. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) lietzi Forel, 1908b: 66 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva longiscapa TRUE TRUE FALSElongiscapa. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) fulva subsp. longiscapa Forel, 1908b: 69 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva incisa TRUE TRUE FALSEincisa. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) fulva subsp. incisa Forel, 1908b: 68 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia caeciliae elevata TRUE TRUE FALSEelevata. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) caeciliae subsp. elevata Forel, 1908b: 65 (w.m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva biolleyi TRUE TRUE FALSEbiolleyi. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) fulva subsp. biolleyi Forel, 1908b: 67 (w.m.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1908c: 401. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus biolleyi TRUE TRUE FALSEbiolleyi. Odontomachus biolleyi Forel, 1908b: 35 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 651 (l.).
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus erythrocephalus TRUE TRUE FALSEerythrocephalus. Odontomachus haematodes r. erythrocephalus Emery, 1890b: 44 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 50.] Forel, 1914e: 9 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 650 (l.). Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 170; Brown, 1976a: 144.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla antecurvata TRUE TRUE FALSEantecurvata. Pachycondyla antecurvata Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 201, figs. 331, 332 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla cognata TRUE TRUE FALSEcognata. Ponera cognata Emery, 1896g: 56 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 252 (m.). Combination in Pachycondyla (Pseudoponera): Emery, 1901a: 46; in Euponera (Trachymesopus): Emery, 1911d: 85; in Trachymesopus: Kempf, 1960f: 423; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 304.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla dismarginata TRUE TRUE FALSEdismarginata. Pachycondyla dismarginata Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 301, figs. 111, 256, 257 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla insignis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsignis. Pachycondyla insignis Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 405, figs. 112, 269, 530-532 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla purpurascens TRUE TRUE FALSEpurpurascens. Pachycondyla purpurascens Forel, 1899c: 12, pl. 1, fig. 10 (w.) COSTA RICA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 491 (q.). Subspecies of fuscoatra: Emery, 1901a: 45. Junior synonym of impressa: Kempf, 1961c: 195. Revived from synonymy: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 489.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla solisi TRUE TRUE FALSEsolisi. Pachycondyla solisi Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 514, figs. 113, 253, 635-638 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla striatinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatinodis. Pachycondyla striatinodis Emery, 1890a: 75 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 48.] Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 310. Senior synonym of bakeri: Kempf, 1960e: 391. Senior synonym of rugosinodis: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 533.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ajax TRUE TRUE FALSEajax. Pheidole ajax Forel, 1899c: 71 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 263.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alfaroi TRUE TRUE FALSEalfaroi. Pheidole alfaroi Emery, 1896g: 70 (s.w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole amabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEamabilis. Pheidole amabilis Wilson, 2003: 369, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole anastasii TRUE TRUE FALSEanastasii. Pheidole anastasii Emery, 1896g: 76 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1901h: 78 (q.). Junior synonym of bilimeki: Wilson, 2003: 378. Revived from synonymy: Longino & Cox, 2009: 40.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole angulifera TRUE TRUE FALSEangulifera. Pheidole angulifera Wilson, 2003: 371, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole angusticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEangusticeps. Pheidole angusticeps Wilson, 2003: 609, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of gradifer: Longino, 2009: 12.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole arachnion TRUE TRUE FALSEarachnion. Pheidole arachnion Wilson, 2003: 656, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of iradunca: Longino, 2009: 13.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole arboricola TRUE TRUE FALSEarboricola. Pheidole arboricola Wilson, 2003: 372, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole beloceps TRUE TRUE FALSEbeloceps. Pheidole beloceps Wilson, 2003: 376, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole biolleyi TRUE TRUE FALSEbiolleyi. Pheidole biolleyi Forel, 1908b: 48 (s.w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of tristani: Wilson, 2003: 170.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole boltoni TRUE TRUE FALSEboltoni. Pheidole boltoni Wilson, 2003: 666, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of humida: Longino, 2009: 17.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole boruca TRUE TRUE FALSEboruca. Pheidole boruca Wilson, 2003: 172, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole brachyops TRUE TRUE FALSEbrachyops. Pheidole brachyops Wilson, 2003: 382, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole browni TRUE TRUE FALSEbrowni. Pheidole browni Wilson, 2003: 385, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole carinata TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinata. Pheidole carinata Wilson, 2003: 391, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole carinote TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinote. Pheidole carinote Longino, 2009: 20, fig. 3 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole caulicola TRUE TRUE FALSEcaulicola. Pheidole caulicola Wilson, 2003: 393, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole celaena TRUE TRUE FALSEcelaena. Pheidole celaena Wilson, 2003: 673, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cerina TRUE TRUE FALSEcerina. Pheidole cerina Wilson, 2003: 395, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole chloe TRUE TRUE FALSEchloe. Pheidole goeldii subsp. chloe Forel, 1908b: 56 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 399.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole citrina TRUE TRUE FALSEcitrina. Pheidole citrina Wilson, 2003: 401, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole daphne TRUE TRUE FALSEdaphne. Pheidole daphne Wilson, 2003: 404, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole debilis TRUE TRUE FALSEdebilis. Pheidole debilis Longino, 2009: 23, fig. 4 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole diana TRUE TRUE FALSEdiana. Pheidole diana Forel, 1908b: 51 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 187.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dossena TRUE TRUE FALSEdossena. Pheidole dossena Wilson, 2003: 287, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dryas TRUE TRUE FALSEdryas. Pheidole dryas Wilson, 2003: 410, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ectatommoides TRUE TRUE FALSEectatommoides. Pheidole ectatommoides Wilson, 2003: 683, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole eowilsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEeowilsoni. Pheidole eowilsoni Longino, 2009: 26, fig. 5 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole epiphyta TRUE TRUE FALSEepiphyta. Pheidole epiphyta Longino, 2009: 29, fig. 6 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole erratilis TRUE TRUE FALSEerratilis. Pheidole erratilis Wilson, 2003: 414, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of petersoni: Longino, 2009: 31.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole exarata TRUE TRUE FALSEexarata. Pheidole exarata Emery, 1896g: 68 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of grantae: Longino, 2009: 31. See also: Wilson, 2003: 686.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole excubitor TRUE TRUE FALSEexcubitor. Pheidole excubitor Wilson, 2003: 687, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fiorii TRUE TRUE FALSEfiorii. Pheidole fiorii Emery, 1890b: 51 (s.) COSTA RICA. Forel, 1899c: 70 (q.); Forel, 1908b: 52 (w.m.). [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 56.] See also: Wilson, 2003: 291.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fossimandibula TRUE TRUE FALSEfossimandibula. Pheidole fossimandibula Longino, 2009: 33, fig. 7 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gymnoceras TRUE TRUE FALSEgymnoceras. Pheidole gymnoceras Longino, 2009: 34, fig. 8 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hasticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEhasticeps. Pheidole hasticeps Wilson, 2003: 704, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hector TRUE TRUE FALSEhector. Pheidole hector Wilson, 2003: 298, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hirsuta TRUE TRUE FALSEhirsuta. Pheidole hirsuta Emery, 1896g: 65 (s.) COSTA RICA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 299.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hizemops TRUE TRUE FALSEhizemops. Pheidole hizemops Wilson, 2003: 437, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hoelldobleri TRUE TRUE FALSEhoelldobleri. Pheidole hoelldobleri Wilson, 2003: 195, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole indagatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEindagatrix. Pheidole indagatrix Wilson, 2003: 304, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole innupta TRUE TRUE FALSEinnupta. Pheidole innupta Menozzi, 1931d: 200, fig. 7 (s.w.q.) COSTA RICA. Junior synonym of alfaroi: Wilson, 2003: 165. Revived from synonymy: Longino, 2009: 38.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole janzeni TRUE TRUE FALSEjanzeni. Pheidole janzeni Longino, 2009: 40, fig. 9 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole karolmorae TRUE TRUE FALSEkarolmorae. Pheidole karolmorae Longino, 2009: 41, fig. 10 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole karolsetosa TRUE TRUE FALSEkarolsetosa. Pheidole karolsetosa Longino, 2009: 44, fig. 11 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laselva TRUE TRUE FALSElaselva. Pheidole laselva Wilson, 2003: 442, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of ebenina: Longino, 2009: 49.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laticornis TRUE TRUE FALSElaticornis. Pheidole laticornis Wilson, 2003: 203, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole longinoi TRUE TRUE FALSElonginoi. Pheidole longinoi Wilson, 2003: 445, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lourothi TRUE TRUE FALSElourothi. Pheidole lourothi Wilson, 2003: 317, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lustrata TRUE TRUE FALSElustrata. Pheidole lustrata Wilson, 2003: 447, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mantilla TRUE TRUE FALSEmantilla. Pheidole mantilla Wilson, 2003: 323, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mesomontana TRUE TRUE FALSEmesomontana. Pheidole mesomontana Longino, 2009: 54, fig. 15 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole monteverdensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmonteverdensis. Pheidole monteverdensis Wilson, 2003: 464, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nasutoides TRUE TRUE FALSEnasutoides. Pheidole nasutoides Hölldobler & Wilson, 1992: 19, figs. 1, 2 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 468.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nebulosa TRUE TRUE FALSEnebulosa. Pheidole nebulosa Wilson, 2003: 470, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of scabriventris: Longino, 2009: 57.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nigricula TRUE TRUE FALSEnigricula. Pheidole nigricula Wilson, 2003: 472, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nitella TRUE TRUE FALSEnitella. Pheidole nitella Wilson, 2003: 473, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nitidicollis TRUE TRUE FALSEnitidicollis. Pheidole dimidiata var. nitidicollis Emery, 1896g: 79 (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Subspecies of dimidiata: Emery, 1922e: 107. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 474. Senior synonym of sagana: Longin, 2009: 58.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole olsoni TRUE TRUE FALSEolsoni. Pheidole olsoni Wilson, 2003: 478, figs. (s.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole onyx TRUE TRUE FALSEonyx. Pheidole onyx Wilson, 2003: 479, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole otisi TRUE TRUE FALSEotisi. Pheidole otisi Wilson, 2003: 481, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pararugiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEpararugiceps. Pheidole pararugiceps Longino, 2009: 58, fig. 16 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole picobarva TRUE TRUE FALSEpicobarva. Pheidole picobarva Longino, 2009: 63, fig. 18 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole plebecula FALSE FALSE FALSEplebecula. Pheidole plebecula Forel, 1899c: 68 (s.) COSTA RICA. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole prattorum TRUE TRUE FALSEprattorum. Pheidole prattorum Wilson, 2003: 736, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole prostrata TRUE TRUE FALSEprostrata. Pheidole prostrata Wilson, 2003: 217, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rectispina TRUE TRUE FALSErectispina. Pheidole rectispina Wilson, 2003: 495, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rectitrudis TRUE TRUE FALSErectitrudis. Pheidole rectitrudis Wilson, 2003: 496, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole renae TRUE TRUE FALSErenae. Pheidole renae Wilson, 2003: 497, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rhinomontana TRUE TRUE FALSErhinomontana. Pheidole rhinomontana Longino, 2009: 71, fig. 20 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rogeri TRUE TRUE FALSErogeri. Pheidole rogeri Emery, 1896g: 64 (s.) COSTA RICA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 741.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rugiceps TRUE TRUE FALSErugiceps. Pheidole rugiceps Wilson, 2003: 620, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sagittaria TRUE TRUE FALSEsagittaria. Pheidole sagittaria Wilson, 2003: 502, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole scalaris TRUE TRUE FALSEscalaris. Pheidole scalaris Wilson, 2003: 643, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole scrobifera TRUE TRUE FALSEscrobifera. Pheidole scrobifera Emery, 1896g: 73, pl. 1, fig. 14 (s.w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. Combination in P. (Scrobopheidole): Emery, 1915i: 190. See also: Wilson, 2003: 629.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sebofila TRUE TRUE FALSEsebofila. Pheidole sebofila Longino, 2009: 74, fig. 21 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sicaria TRUE TRUE FALSEsicaria. Pheidole sicaria Wilson, 2003: 232, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole simonsi TRUE TRUE FALSEsimonsi. Pheidole simonsi Wilson, 2003: 630, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sparsisculpta TRUE TRUE FALSEsparsisculpta. Pheidole sparsisculpta Longino, 2009: 77, fig. 22 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole spathipilosa TRUE TRUE FALSEspathipilosa. Pheidole spathipilosa Wilson, 2003: 350, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole specularis TRUE TRUE FALSEspecularis. Pheidole specularis Wilson, 2003: 510, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole synanthropica TRUE TRUE FALSEsynanthropica. Pheidole synanthropica Longino, 2009: 80, fig. 23 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tanyscapa TRUE TRUE FALSEtanyscapa. Pheidole tanyscapa Wilson, 2003: 237, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tennantae TRUE TRUE FALSEtennantae. Pheidole tennantae Wilson, 2003: 521, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tenuicephala TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuicephala. Pheidole tenuicephala Longino, 2009: 84, fig. 24 (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole texticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEtexticeps. Pheidole texticeps Wilson, 2003: 240, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA. Senior synonym of perdiligens: Longino, 2009: 85.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole truncula TRUE TRUE FALSEtruncula. Pheidole truncula Wilson, 2003: 548, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ulothrix TRUE TRUE FALSEulothrix. Pheidole ulothrix Wilson, 2003: 530, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole verricula TRUE TRUE FALSEverricula. Pheidole verricula Wilson, 2003: 532, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole vestita TRUE TRUE FALSEvestita. Pheidole vestita Wilson, 2003: 633, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole violacea TRUE TRUE FALSEviolacea. Pheidole violacea Wilson, 2003: 248, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea prizo TRUE TRUE FALSEprizo. Platythyrea prizo Kugler, C. 1977: 216, figs. 1-3 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Prionopelta amabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEamabilis. Prionopelta amabilis Borgmeier, 1949: 203, figs. 3-5 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Brown, 1960a: 217; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1986b: 45.
Proceratiinae Probolomyrmecini Probolomyrmex guanacastensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguanacastensis. Probolomyrmex guanacastensis O'Keefe & Agosti, 1998: 191, figs. 1-4 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium convexiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEconvexiceps. Proceratium convexiceps Borgmeier, 1957: 120, figs. 34, 35 (w.) COSTA RICA. Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 149 (q.m.). Junior synonym of micrommatum: Brown, 1980b: 342. Revived from synonymy: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 145.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium goliath TRUE TRUE FALSEgoliath. Proceratium goliath Kempf & Brown, 1968: 94, figs. 1, 2 (w.) COSTA RICA. Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 115 (m.).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus belti TRUE TRUE FALSEbelti. Procryptocerus belti Forel, 1899c: 46, pl. 3, fig. 6 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. See also: Kempf, 1951: 31; Longino & Snelling, 2002: 11.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus eladio TRUE TRUE FALSEeladio. Procryptocerus eladio Longino & Snelling, 2002: 14, fig. 1J (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus kempfi TRUE TRUE FALSEkempfi. Procryptocerus kempfi Longino & Snelling, 2002: 18 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus nalini TRUE TRUE FALSEnalini. Procryptocerus nalini Longino & Snelling, 2002: 22, fig. 1H (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus paleatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpaleatus. Procryptocerus paleatus Emery, 1896g: 97 (w.) COSTA RICA. Longino & Snelling, 2002: 23 (q.). See also: Kempf, 1951: 53.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus pictipes TRUE TRUE FALSEpictipes. Procryptocerus pictipes Emery, 1896g: 98 (w.) COSTA RICA. Kempf, 1951: 44 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 151 (l.). Material of the unavailable name parva referred here by Kempf, 1951: 42. See also: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 24.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus scabriusculus TRUE TRUE FALSEscabriusculus. Procryptocerus striatus r. scabriusculus Forel, 1899c: 45 (w.) COSTA RICA. [First available use of Procryptocerus striatus subsp. schmalzi var. scabriusculus Emery, 1894c: 198; unavailable name.] Kempf, 1951: 91 (q.); Snelling, R.R. 1968a: 2 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1973b: 82 (l.). Raised to species: Kempf, 1951: 89. See also: Longino & Snelling, 2002: 26.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus tortuguero TRUE TRUE FALSEtortuguero. Procryptocerus tortuguero Longino & Snelling, 2002: 28, fig. 1F (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex cretus TRUE TRUE FALSEcretus. Pseudomyrmex cretus Ward, 1989: 412, figs. 9, 26, 27 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex euryblemma TRUE TRUE FALSEeuryblemma. Pseudomyrma euryblemma Forel, 1899c: 90 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 218. Senior synonym of kurokii: Ward, 1989: 437.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex ita TRUE TRUE FALSEita. Pseudomyrma sericea var. ita Forel, 1906d: 230 (w.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 177 (q.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 223. Raised to species, senior synonym of acaciarum (and its junior synonym acaciorum): Ward, 1993: 158. See also: Ward, 1999b: 524.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex kuenckeli TRUE TRUE FALSEkuenckeli. Pseudomyrma kuenckeli Emery, 1890b: 62, pl. 6, fig. 5 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 51.] Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kusnezov, 1953e: 214. Senior synonym of bierigi, crenulata, dichroa: Kempf, 1961a: 402. See also: Ward, 1993: 158; Ward, 1999b: 493.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex nigrocinctus TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrocinctus. Pseudomyrma nigrocincta Emery, 1890b: 64, pl. 6, fig. 3 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 52.] Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 221. Senior synonym of alfari, bicincta, peltata: Ward, 1993: 144.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex nigropilosus TRUE TRUE FALSEnigropilosus. Pseudomyrma nigropilosa Emery, 1890b: 62, pl. 5, fig. 24 (w.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 51.] Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 453. See also: Ward, 1993: 159.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex osurus TRUE TRUE FALSEosurus. Pseudomyrma levigata subsp. osura Forel, 1911e: 279 (w.) COSTA RICA. Junior synonym of faber: Kempf, 1958f: 449. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1989: 441. Revived from synonymy, raised to species and senior synonym of insularis: Ward, 1989: 441.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex particeps TRUE TRUE FALSEparticeps. Pseudomyrmex particeps Ward, 1993: 146, figs. 14, 23, 54, 57, 72 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex spiculus TRUE TRUE FALSEspiculus. Pseudomyrmex spiculus Ward, 1989: 430, figs. 31-33 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex spinicola TRUE TRUE FALSEspinicola. Pseudomyrma spinicola Emery, 1890b: 64, pl. 6, fig. 2 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 52.] Combination in P. (Triangulinoda): Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386. Senior synonym of atrox, gaigei, infernalis Wheeler (and its junior synonym infernalis Enzmann), scelerosa Wheeler (and its junior synonym scelerosa Enzmann): Ward, 1993: 149.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex subtilissimus TRUE TRUE FALSEsubtilissimus. Pseudomyrma subtilissima Emery, 1890b: 65, pl. 6, fig. 7 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 53.] Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 224. See also: Ward, 1989: 432; Ward, 1993: 161.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex voytowskii costaricensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcostaricensis. Pseudomyrma voytowskii var. costaricensis Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 96 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 226.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica aethegenys TRUE TRUE FALSEaethegenys. Pyramica aethegenys Bolton, 2000: 179 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica augustandrewi TRUE TRUE FALSEaugustandrewi. Pyramica augustandrewi Longino, 2006b: 140, figs. 22-24 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica cascanteae TRUE TRUE FALSEcascanteae. Pyramica cascanteae Longino, 2006b: 138, figs. 16, 20 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica cassicuspis TRUE TRUE FALSEcassicuspis. Pyramica cassicuspis Bolton, 2000: 216, fig. 147 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica crementa TRUE TRUE FALSEcrementa. Pyramica crementa Bolton, 2000: 182 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica dontopagis TRUE TRUE FALSEdontopagis. Pyramica dontopagis Bolton, 2000: 172, figs. 127, 173 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica epinotalis TRUE TRUE FALSEepinotalis. Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) studiosi subsp. epinotalis Weber, 1934a: 46 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Smithistruma: Brown, 1953g: 101; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Raised to species and senior synonym of skwarrae: Brown, 1953g: 101. See also: Bolton, 2000: 219.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica erikae TRUE TRUE FALSEerikae. Pyramica erikae Longino, 2006b: 141, figs. 25-27 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica longinoi TRUE TRUE FALSElonginoi. Pyramica longinoi Bolton, 2000: 173, fig. 128 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica microthrix TRUE TRUE FALSEmicrothrix. Smithistruma microthrix Kempf, 1975a: 422, figs. 11, 12 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 222.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica myllorhapha TRUE TRUE FALSEmyllorhapha. Neostruma myllorhapha Brown, 1959b: 12, fig. 4 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 190.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica oconitrilloae TRUE TRUE FALSEoconitrilloae. Pyramica oconitrilloae Longino, 2006b: 139, figs. 17, 18, 21 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica paniaguae TRUE TRUE FALSEpaniaguae. Pyramica paniaguae Longino, 2006b: 137, figs. 13-15, 19 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica paradoxa TRUE TRUE FALSEparadoxa. Pyramica paradoxa Bolton, 2000: 210, figs. 145, 183 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica parsauga TRUE TRUE FALSEparsauga. Pyramica parsauga Bolton, 2000: 157 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica pasisops TRUE TRUE FALSEpasisops. Pyramica pasisops Bolton, 2000: 192 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica stauroma TRUE TRUE FALSEstauroma. Pyramica stauroma Bolton, 2000: 226 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica trieces TRUE TRUE FALSEtrieces. Strumigenys trieces Brown, 1960b: 50, fig. 8 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 194.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica warditeras TRUE TRUE FALSEwarditeras. Pyramica warditeras Bolton, 2000: 246, figs. 165, 189 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria neilyensis TRUE TRUE FALSEneilyensis. Rogeria neilyensis Kugler, C. 1994: 63, fig. 43 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria terescandens TRUE TRUE FALSEterescandens. Rogeria terescandens Kugler, C. 1994: 39, fig. 21 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria tonduzi TRUE TRUE FALSEtonduzi. Rogeria tonduzi Forel, 1899c: 53 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in R. (Irogera): Emery, 1915i: 191; in Irogera: Brown, 1953h: 4 (in text); in Rogeria: Kempf, 1965: 185. See also: Kugler, C. 1994: 41.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta andersoni TRUE TRUE FALSEandersoni. Simopelta andersoni Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 296, figs. 6, 25, 27, 28 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta longinoda TRUE TRUE FALSElonginoda. Simopelta longinoda Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 307, figs. 17, 39 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta oculata TRUE TRUE FALSEoculata. Simopelta oculata Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 267, figs. 1-14 (w.q.l.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 314.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta paeminosa TRUE TRUE FALSEpaeminosa. Simopelta paeminosa Snelling, R.R. 1971b: 17, fig. 1 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 315.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta pentadentata TRUE TRUE FALSEpentadentata. Simopelta pentadentata Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 316, figs. 5, 52 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta quadridentata TRUE TRUE FALSEquadridentata. Simopelta quadridentata Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 319, figs. 26, 55 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis hayemi TRUE TRUE FALSEhayemi. Solenopsis hayemi Forel, 1908b: 45 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis picea TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
picea. Solenopsis picea Emery, 1896g: 89 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955c: 135 (l.). Subspecies of tenuis: Forel, 1912g: 8. Revived status as species: Mann, 1922: 30. Current subspecies: nominal plus reducta, subadpressa.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis picquarti TRUE TRUE FALSEpicquarti. Solenopsis picquarti Forel, 1899c: 80 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in S. (Euophthalma): Creighton, 1930b: 135.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis succinea TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
succinea. Solenopsis succinea Emery, 1890b: 52 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. [Also described as new by Emery, 1894k: 56.] Combination in S. (Diagyne): Santschi, 1923c: 267. Senior synonym of inermiceps: Creighton, 1930b: 139. Current subspecies: nominal plus nicai.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis terricola TRUE TRUE FALSEterricola. Solenopsis terricola Menozzi, 1931b: 267, fig. 5 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis picea reducta TRUE TRUE FALSEreducta. Solenopsis picea subsp. reducta Menozzi, 1927c: 276 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma alas TRUE TRUE FALSEalas. Stenamma alas Longino, 2005: 672, figs. 2a-b (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma expolitum TRUE TRUE FALSEexpolitum. Stenamma expolitum Smith, M.R. 1962a: 36 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma schmidti TRUE TRUE FALSEschmidti. Stenamma schmidti Menozzi, 1931d: 198, fig. 6 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys biolleyi TRUE TRUE FALSEbiolleyi. Strumigenys biolleyi Forel, 1908b: 43 (w.) COSTA RICA. Brown, 1953f: 103 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1960b: 26 (l.). Senior synonym of luctuosa, tridens: Brown, 1953f: 101. See also: Bolton, 2000: 530.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys calamita TRUE TRUE FALSEcalamita. Strumigenys calamita Bolton, 2000: 550 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys consanii TRUE TRUE FALSEconsanii. Strumigenys consanii Brown, 1954c: 192 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 509.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys deletrix TRUE TRUE FALSEdeletrix. Strumigenys deletrix Bolton, 2000: 533 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys diaptyxis TRUE TRUE FALSEdiaptyxis. Strumigenys diaptyxis Bolton, 2000: 513 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys dubitata TRUE TRUE FALSEdubitata. Strumigenys dubitata Bolton, 2000: 523, figs. 312, 341, 353 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys extirpa TRUE TRUE FALSEextirpa. Strumigenys extirpa Bolton, 2000: 564 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys idiogenes TRUE TRUE FALSEidiogenes. Strumigenys idiogenes Bolton, 2000: 527 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys micretes TRUE TRUE FALSEmicretes. Strumigenys micretes Brown, 1959a: 100 (w.) COSTA RICA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 516.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys nastata TRUE TRUE FALSEnastata. Strumigenys nastata Bolton, 2000: 554 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys nevermanni TRUE TRUE FALSEnevermanni. Strumigenys nevermanni Brown, 1959a: 99 (w.q.) COSTA RICA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 517.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys perdita TRUE TRUE FALSEperdita. Strumigenys perdita Bolton, 2000: 556, figs. 327, 349 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys platyscapa TRUE TRUE FALSEplatyscapa. Strumigenys platyscapa Bolton, 2000: 545, figs. 322, 346 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys sevesta TRUE TRUE FALSEsevesta. Strumigenys sevesta Bolton, 2000: 518, figs. 307, 340 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma ramulorum TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
ramulorum. Tapinoma ramulorum Emery, 1896g: 101 (w.q.m.) COSTA RICA. Current subspecies: nominal plus annellatum, inrectum, saga, satullum, toltecum. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 178.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma ramulorum inrectum TRUE TRUE FALSEinrectum. Tapinoma inrectum Forel, 1908b: 63 (w.) COSTA RICA. Currently subspecies of ramulorum: Forel, 1912h: 57.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma melanocephalum coronatum TRUE TRUE FALSEcoronatum. Tapinoma melanocephalum var. coronatum Forel, 1908b: 62 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma ramulorum annellatum TRUE TRUE FALSEannellatum. Tapinoma ramulorum subsp. annellatum Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 180 (w.q.) COSTA RICA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex squamulifer TRUE TRUE FALSEsquamulifer. Atta (Trachymyrmex) squamulifera Emery, 1896g: 100 (w.) COSTA RICA. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242.
Ectatomminae Typhlomyrmecini Typhlomyrmex prolatus TRUE TRUE FALSEprolatus. Typhlomyrmex prolatus Brown, 1965c: 72, fig. 6 (q.) COSTA RICA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE41 species, 17 subspecies
Brachymyrmex Mayr, 1868b: 163. Type-species: Brachymyrmex patagonicus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Brachymyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 375 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Brachymyrmex in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 106; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 123; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143.
Brachymyrmex in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Brachymyrmex in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1912i: 89.
Brachymyrmex in Formicinae, Dimorphomyrmecini: Emery, 1925b: 40 [subtribe Brachymyrmecini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Brachymyrmex incertae sedis in Formicinae: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Brachymyrmex in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 697; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
Brachymyrmex in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Brachymyrmex in Formicinae, Brachymyrmecini: Wheeler, W.M. 1929a: 12; Kempf, 1972a: 37; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Brachymyrmex in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Bolton, 2003: 23, 101.
Junior synonym of BRACHYMYRMEX
Bryscha Santschi, 1923b: 652 [as subgenus of Brachymyrmex]. Type-species: Brachymyrmex pilipes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Bryscha as junior synonym of Brachymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424; all subsequent authors.
Genus Brachymyrmex references
Forel, 1878: 375 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 214 (Europe & Algeria species); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 174 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1036 (Malagasy catalogue); Santschi, 1923b: 652 (diagnosis, all species key); Emery, 1925b: 40 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 43 (B. (Bryscha) diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1950a: 356 (North America species, review); Bernard, 1967: 279 (diagnosis); Kempf, 1972a: 37 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 331 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 81 (catalogue); Quirán, et al. 2004: 275 (diagnosis).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista TRUE TRUE FALSE56 species, 13 subspecies
Myrmelachista Roger, 1863a: 162. Type-species: Myrmelachista kraatzii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmelachista in Formicinae: Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae].
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Forel, 1886f: 214; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 106; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 124; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143.
Myrmelachista in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 249.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 32; all subsequent authors except the following.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Myrmelachista in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bolton, 2003: 23, 103.
Junior synonyms of MYRMELACHISTA
Neaphomus Menozzi, 1935c: 324 [as subgenus of Aphomomyrmex]. Type-species: Aphomomyrmex (Neaphomus) goetschi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Neaphomus in Formicinae, Dimorphomyrmecini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673.
Neaphomus in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Neaphomus as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Neaphomus as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110; all subsequent authors except the above.
Hincksidris Donisthorpe, 1944b: 59 [as subgenus of Myrmelachista].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Decamera Roger, 1863a: 166; junior homonym of Decamera Mulsant, 1842: 503 (Coleoptera).]
Hincksidris as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by Hincksidris
Decamera Roger, 1863a: 166. Type-species: Decamera nigella, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Decamera Roger junior homonym of Decamera Mulsant, 1842: 503 (Coleoptera).]
Decamera in Formicinae: Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae].
Decamera in Camponotinae, Myrmelachistini: Forel, 1917: 249.
Decamera as junior synonym of Myrmelachista: Forel, 1878: 376; Mayr, 1887: 525; Dalla Torre, 1893: 174.
Decamera as subgenus of Myrmelachista: Forel, 1886f: 214; Forel, 1917: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 32; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.
Genus Myrmelachista references
Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 429 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 10 (Myrmelachista, Decamera diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 376 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1887: 526 (species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 174 (catalogue); Forel, 1917: 249 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696 (genera, subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 31 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 32 (M. (Decamera) diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 188 (M. (Myrmelachista) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 147, 152 (Neotropical Myrmelachista, Neaphomus catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 110 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1423 (North America catalogue); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1925b: 31 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 65 (larvae, review & synthesis); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 275 (catalogue); Longino, 2006a: 10 (Costa Rica species, keys).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Paratrechina TRUE TRUE FALSE1 species
Paratrechina Motschoulsky, 1863: 13. Type-species: Paratrechina currens (junior synonym of Formica longicornis), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 682.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Prenolepidini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 218; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Myrmelachistinini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 652; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Brachymyrmecini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Lasiini: Emery, 1925b: 216; Stitz, 1939: 379; Bernard, 1953b: 257; Kempf, 1972a: 182; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Jaffe, 1993: 14; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Bolton, 2003: 23, 104.
Paratrechina as junior synonym of Prenolepis: Dalla Torre, 1893: 177; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 940.
Paratrechina as genus: Emery, 1925b: 216; all subsequent authors.
Genus Paratrechina references
References prior to 2010 also include Nylanderia and Paraparatrechina.
André, 1882b: 203 (Europe & Algeria species key); Forel, 1894c: 406 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 941, 1037 (Afrotropical, Malagasy P. (Nylanderia) catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 216 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 217 (P. (Nylanderia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 224 (Andragnathus diagnosis, catalogue); Finzi, 1936: 191 (Egypt species key); Buren, 1944a: 295 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 404 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197, 214, 218 (Asia Andragnathus, Nylanderia, Paratrechina checklists); Kusnezov, 1956: 32 (Argentina species key); Bernard, 1967: 347 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 166, 182 (Neotropical Nylanderia, Paratrechina catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 556 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442 (North America, catalogue); Trager, 1984b: 65 (Nearctic species revision, key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 64 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Collingwood, 1985: 298 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 129 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 52 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Brandão, 1991: 365 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1991: 20 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 312 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 150 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 369 (Saudi Arabia species key); Terayama, 1999c: 50 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 104 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 177 (China, Guangxi species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 354 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Terayama, 2009: 210 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 104 (south-western Australia species key); LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127 (diagnosis).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 131 species, 10 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831b: 106. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrmex in Pseudomyrmecinae: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PSEUDOMYRMEX
Leptalea Erichson, 1839: 309. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
Leptalea in Pseudomyrmecinae: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656.
Leptalea as junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
[Leptalaea Spinola, 1851b: 52 and Spinola, 1853: 68, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
[Pseudomyrmex and Leptalea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Pseudomyrma Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma bicolor, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrma in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 153.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 328; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Myrmeciidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Pseudomyrminae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 86; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Pseudomyrma in Pseudomyrminae: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 654; Donisthorpe, 1941d: 27; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudomyrma as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; Kempf, 1972a: 214; Ward, 1990: 469; Bolton, 1994: 184.
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427. Type-species: Myrmex perboscii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Myrmex Sturm, 1826: 32 (Coleoptera).]
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Clavanoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Clavanoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469. [Pseudomyrmex and Clavanoda share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Ornatinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ornatinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Triangulinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma spinicola, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Triangulinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Apedunculata Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apedunculata as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Latinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma latinoda, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Latinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Genus Pseudomyrmex references
Smith, F. 1858b: 153 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 24 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 451 (Leptalea, Pseudomyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 407 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Smith, 1877b: 58 (checklist); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 55 (catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 28 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1932a: 44 (Argentina species key); Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 (all species keys); Creighton, 1950a: 79 (North America species key); Kempf, 1961a: 373 (P. gracilis group, partial key); Kempf, 1972a: 215 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 9 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1345 (North America catalogue); Ward, 1985b: 215 (Nearctic species key); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Ward, 1989: 407 (P. oculatus group, key); Ward, 1989: 430 (P. subtilissimus group, key); Ward, 1990: 469 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Ward, 1992: 76 (†Dominican Amber species key); Ward, 1993: 130 (swollen-thorn Acacia-associated species key); Bolton, 1994: 184 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 370 (catalogue); Ward, 1999b: 473 (P. viduus group, and other Tachigali- and Triplaris-associated species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 344 species
Fossil: 4 species
Pyramica Roger, 1862a: 251. Type-species: Pyramica gundlachi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pyramica in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Emery, 1924d: 320; all subsequent authors.
Pyramica as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Bingham, 1903: 147; Emery, 1924d: 320; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723; Brown & Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, 1960b: 37; Kempf, 1972a: 242; Bolton, 1983: 358; Bolton, 1994: 105; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Pyramica as subgenus of Strumigenys: Brown, 1948e: 110.
Pyramica as genus: Mayr, 1863: 453; Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 90; Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 26.
Junior synonyms of PYRAMICA
Epitritus Emery, 1869a: 136. Type-species: Epitritus argiolus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Epitritus in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Epitritus in Myrmicinae: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 465 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 148.
Epitritus in Cryptoceridae, Dacetonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Epitritus in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1892d: 344; Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 770; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Arnold, 1917: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 666; Emery, 1924d: 326; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643; Brown, 1948e: 122; Brown, 1949b: 44; all subsequent authors.
Epitritus as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Epitritus as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 90.
Trichoscapa Emery, 1869b: 24 [as subgenus of Strumigenys]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Trichoscapa) membranifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Trichoscapa in Myrmicinae: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145.
Trichoscapa in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 323; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734; Brown, 1948e: 112; all subsequent authors.
Trichoscapa as subgenus of Strumigenys: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Forel, 1917: 246; Creighton, 1950a: 304.
Trichoscapa as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 13; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Trichoscapa as junior synonym of Cephaloxys: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 323; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734.
Trichoscapa as genus: Brown, 1948e: 112; Kempf, 1972a: 255; Bolton, 1983: 319.
Trichoscapa as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 90.
Pentastruma Forel, 1912a: 50. Type-species: Pentastruma sauteri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pentastruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 666; Emery, 1924d: 326; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 682; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Pentastruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Pentastruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Glamyromyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 487. Type-species: Glamyromyrmex beebei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Glamyromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915e: 491; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 667; Emery, 1924d: 326; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 647; Brown, 1948e: 116; all subsequent authors.
Glamyromyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Glamyromyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1667; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Codiomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1916d: 326. Type-species: Codiomyrmex thaxteri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Codiomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 667; Emery, 1924d: 325; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633; Brown, 1948e: 114; all subsequent authors.
Codiomyrmex as subgenus of Strumigenys: Emery, 1924d: 325; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633.
Codiomyrmex as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1916d: 326; Brown, 1948e: 114.
Codiomyrmex as junior synonym of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Codiomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Codiomyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Tingimyrmex Mann, 1926: 104 [as subgenus of Strumigenys]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Tingimyrmex) mirabilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Tingimyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 732; Brown, 1948e: 111; all subsequent authors.
Tingimyrmex as subgenus of Strumigenys: Mann, 1926: 104; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 732.
Tingimyrmex as genus: Brown, 1948e: 111; Kempf, 1972a: 250.
Tingimyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Tingimyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Codioxenus Santschi, 1931c: 278 [as subgenus of Epitritus]. Type-species: Epitritus (Codioxenus) simulans, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Codioxenus in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633; Brown, 1948e: 123; all subsequent authors.
Codioxenus as genus: Brown, 1948e: 123.
Codioxenus as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 101.
Codioxenus as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Smithistruma Brown, 1948e: 104.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Cephaloxys Smith, F. 1865: 76; junior homonym of Cephaloxys Signoret, 1847: 294 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Strumigenys pulchella, unjustified subsequent designation by Brown, 1948e: 104, repeated in Kempf, 1972a: 230, Bolton, 1983: 274 and Bolton, 1995b: 46.]
Smithistruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 104.
Smithistruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Smithistruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Homonym replaced by Smithistruma
Cephaloxys Smith, F. 1865: 76. Type-species: Cephaloxys capitata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cephaloxys Smith, F. junior homonym of Cephaloxys Signoret, 1847: 294 (Hemiptera).]
Cephaloxys in Cryptoceridae: Smith, F. 1871a: 335.
Cephaloxys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668.
Cephaloxys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Dalla Torre, 1893: 15.
Cephaloxys as subgenus of Strumigenys: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 323; Bernard, 1953b: 254 (anachronism).
Weberistruma Brown, 1948e: 106 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) leptothrix, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Weberistruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 106.
Weberistruma as genus: Brown, 1949d: 7; Brown, 1953g: 24.
Weberistruma as junior synonym of Smithistruma: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Weberistruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Weberistruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Wessonistruma Brown, 1948e: 106 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys pergandei, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wessonistruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 106.
Wessonistruma junior synonym of Smithistruma: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Wessonistruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Wessonistruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Serrastruma Brown, 1948e: 107 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys simoni, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Serrastruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 107, and all subsequent authors.
Serrastruma as genus: Brown, 1949d: 6; Brown, 1952e: 70; Bolton, 1983: 335; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Serrastruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Serrastruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Neostruma Brown, 1948e: 111. Type-species: Strumigenys crassicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neostruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 111; all subsequent authors.
Neostruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Neostruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Dorisidris Brown, 1948e: 116. Type-species: Strumigenys (Codiomyrmex) nitens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dorisidris in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 116; all subsequent authors.
Dorisidris as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Dorisidris as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Miccostruma Brown, 1948e: 123. Type-species: Epitritus mandibularis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Miccostruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1948e: 123.
Miccostruma as junior synonym of Smithistruma: Bolton, 1983: 274.
Miccostruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Miccostruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 102.
Kyidris Brown, 1949d: 3. Type-species: Kyidris mutica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Kyidris in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1949d: 3.
Kyidris as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Kyidris as junior synonymof Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Chelystruma Brown, 1950a: 33 [as subgenus of Glamyromyrmex]. Type-species: Glamyromyrmex (Chelystruma) lilloana, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Chelystruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1950a: 33; all subsequent authors.
Chelystruma as subgenus of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1953g: 16.
Chelystruma as genus: Kempf, 1959d: 338; Kempf, 1972a: 77.
Chelystruma as junior synonym of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Chelystruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Chelystruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Polyhomoa Azuma, 1950: 36. Type-species: Polyhomoa itoi (junior synonym of Kyidris mutica), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Polyhomoa as junior synonym of Kyidris: Creighton, 1950b: 93; Brown & Yasumatsu, 1951: 93.
Polyhomoa as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Polyhomoa as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Borgmeierita Brown, 1953g: 23. Type-species: Codiomyrmex excisus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Borgmeierita in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1953g: 23.
Borgmeierita as junior synonym of Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Borgmeierita as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Borgmeierita as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Platystruma Brown, 1953g: 112 [as subgenus of Smithistruma]. Type-species: Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) depressiceps, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Platystruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1953g: 112; all subsequent authors.
Platystruma as junior synonym of Smithistruma: Brown, 1973a: 35.
Platystruma as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Platystruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Gymnomyrmex Borgmeier, 1954b: 279. Type-species: Gymnomyrmex splendens, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Gymnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Borgmeier, 1954b: 279; all subsequent authors.
Gymnomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Gymnomyrmex as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Dysedrognathus Taylor, 1968d: 132. Type-species: Dysedrognathus extemenus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dysedrognathus in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Taylor, 1968d: 132.
Dysedrognathus as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 13; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Dysedrognathus as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Asketogenys Brown, 1972: 23. Type-species: Asketogenys acubecca, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Asketogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1972: 23.
Asketogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 15; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Asketogenys as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Cladarogenys Brown, 1976b: 33. Type-species: Cladarogenys lasia, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cladarogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1976b: 33.
Cladarogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 14; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 103.
Cladarogenys as junior synonym of Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1668; Bolton, 2000: 91.
Genus Pyramica references
Mayr, 1863: 453 (catalogue); André, 1883b: 398, 402 (Europe & Algeria Strumigenys (Trichoscapa), Epitritus species); Dalla Torre, 1893: 145, 148 (Strumigenys, Epitritus catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 325 (North America species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 146 (New World species key); Santschi, 1913b: 257 (Afrotropical species key); Emery, 1916b: 205 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1917: 373 (South Africa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 918, 920 (Afrotropical Strumigenys (Cephaloxys), Epitritus catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 323, 325, 326 (Strumigenys (Cephaloxys), Strumigenys (Codiomyrmex), Glamyromyrmex, Pentastruma, Epitritus diagnoses, catalogues); Smith, M.R. 1931c: 691 (North America Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) species key); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Brown, 1948e: 112 - 124 (minor genera reviews); Brown, 1949b: 43 (Epitritus diagnosis, review); Brown, 1949d: 8 (Weberistruma species, review); Brown, 1949d: 21 (Japan, China & Taiwan species key); Creighton, 1950a: 301 (North America Strumigenys (Trichoscapa) species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104, 105, 106 (Asia Epitritus, Kyidris, Pentastruma, Smithistruma, Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) checklists); Brown, 1950a: 27 (Glamyromyrmex review); Brown, 1952e: 86 (Serrastruma diagnosis, species revision, key); Brown, 1953g: 20, 24 (Codiomyrmex, Weberistruma reviews); Brown, 1953g: 31, 46, 92, 114, 125, 130 (Smithistruma diagnosis, Nearctic, Neotropical, Malesian, Afrotropical, Palaearctic species revisions, keys); Wilson & Brown, 1956b: 439 (Kyidris species review); Brown, 1959b: 1 (Neostruma species review); Kempf, 1959d: 339 (Gymnomyrmex species key); Brown, 1960b: 37 (Strumigenys gundlachi group revision, key); Kempf, 1960f: 447 (Neotropical Glamyromyrmex species key); Kempf, 1960f: 451 (Gymnomyrmex species key); Brown, 1962b: 79 (Epitritus species key); Brown, 1964a: 183 (supplement to 1953e Smithistruma revision); Bernard, 1967: 243, 245 (Smithistruma, Epitritus diagnoses); Kempf, 1972a: 37, 77, 98, 110, 116, 163, 230, 250, 255 (Neotropical Borgmeierita, Chelystruma, Codiomyrmex, Codioxenus, Dorisidris, Glamyromyrmex, Gymnomyrmex, Neostruma, Smithistruma, Tingimyrmex, Trichoscapa catalogues); Bolton, 1972: 208 (Epitritus species key); Alayo, 1974: 19 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1405, 1408 (North America Smithistruma, Trichoscapa catalogues); Taylor, 1987a: 28 (Australia checklist); Brown & Boisvert, 1979: 201 (Pentastruma species review); Bolton, 1983: 274, 319, 320, 335, 353, 354 (Afrotropical Smithistruma, Trichoscapa, Glamyromyrmex, Serrastruma, Cladarogenys, Epitritus species revisions, keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 64 (Australia Glamyromyrmex catalogue); Perrault, 1986a: 3 (Gymnomyrmex species key); Ward, 1988: 122 (Western Nearctic Smithistruma species key); Terayama & Kubota, 1989: 787 (Taiwan Smithistruma species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 15 (synoptic classification); Brandão, 1991: 344, 346, 360, 378 (Neotropical catalogue); Arakelian & Dlussky, 1991: 150 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 68 (Japan Smithistruma species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 76 (Japan Epitritus species key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 - 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 75, 145, 146, 177, 183, 188, 207, 211, 219, 292, 316, 382, 383, 420, 421 (catalogue); Terayama, Lin & Wu, 1996: 328 (Taiwan Smithistruma species key); Ogata & Onoyama, 1998: 277 (Japan Smithistruma species key); Shattuck, 1999: 136, 170 (Australia Glamyromyrmex, Trichoscapa synopses); Bolton, 1999: 1657, 1667 (morphology, diagnosis, review of genus, phylogeny); Xu, 2000e: 297 (China Epitritus species key); Bolton, 2000: 95, 137, 272, 285, 342, 372, 472 (Nearctic, Neotropical, Afrotropical, West Palaearctic, Malagasy, Malesian-Oriental-East Palaearctic, Austral species revisions, keys); Xu & Zhou, 2004: 441 (China species, key); Longino, 2006b: 139 (Costa Rica species, additions to key); Terayama, 2009: 138 (Taiwan species key).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 487 species
Fossil:
Strumigenys Smith, F. 1860c: 72. Type-species: Strumigenys mandibularis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 334; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Strumigenys in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 26 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145.
Strumigenys in Cryptoceridae, Dacetini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Strumigenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Forel, 1892d: 344; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 133; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Arnold, 1917: 372; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 668; Emery, 1924d: 319; Brown, 1948e: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of STRUMIGENYS
Labidogenys Roger, 1862a: 249. Type-species: Labidogenys lyroessa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidogenys in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as genus: Roger, 1862a: 249; Brown, 1948e: 102.
Labidogenys as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 145; Bingham, 1903: 147; Emery, 1924d: 320; Brown & Wilson, 1959b: 281; Brown, 1960b: 38; Bolton, 1983: 358; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946: 294. Type-species: Proscopomyrmex londianensis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Proscopomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Patrizi, 1946: 294 [Dacetonini].
Proscopomyrmex as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948d: 598. Type-species: Eneria excisa (junior synonym of Strumigenys loriae), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Eneria as genus: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104 (anachronism).
Eneria as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Brown, 1949d: 15; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Quadristruma Brown, 1949b: 47. Type-species: Epitritus emmae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Quadristruma in Myrmicinae, Dacetini: Brown, 1949b: 47; all subsequent authors.
Quadristruma as junior synonym of Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 12; Bolton, 1999: 1673; Bolton, 2000: 492.
Genus Strumigenys references
Roger, 1863b: 40 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 26 (diagnosis); Forel, 1886a: 216 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 568 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 145 (catalogue); Emery, 1895c: 325 (North America species key); Emery, 1897c: 574 (New Guinea species key); Forel, 1903a: 707 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 147 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 146 (New World species key); Santschi, 1913b: 257 (Afrotropical species key); Arnold, 1917: 373 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Mann, 1921: 467 (Fiji Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 917, 1034 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 319 (diagnosis, catalogue); Brown, 1948e: 108 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brown, 1949d: 21 (Japan, China & Taiwan species key); Creighton, 1950a: 301 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 104, 107 (Asia Eneria, Strumigenys (Strumigenys) checklists); Brown, 1954k: 10 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Brown, 1958h: 38 (New Zealand species); Brown, 1962c: 238 (Neotropical species synopsis, key); Kempf, 1972a: 226, 243 (Neotropical Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 19 (Cuba species key); Kempf, 1976b: 43 (additions to Brown, 1962c key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1403, 1409 (North America Strumigenys, Quadristruma catalogues); Bolton, 1983: 358, 400 (Afrotropical Strumigenys, Quadristruma species revisions, keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 85, 87 (Australia Quadristruma, Strumigenys catalogues); Taylor, 1987a: 66, 76 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Terayama & Kubota, 1989: 780 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 380 (Neotropical catalogue); Arakelian & Dlussky, 1991: 150 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 63 (Japan species key); Dlussky, 1993: 53 (Fiji Is, Tonga and Samoa species key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 377, 395 (catalogue); Gronenberg, 1996: 2021 (mandible morphology); Lin & Wu, 1996: 139 (Taiwan species key); Lattke & Goitía, 1997: 370 (Venezuela species key); Shattuck, 1999: 160, 167 (Australia synopsis); Bolton, 1999: 1657, 1673 (morphology, diagnosis, review of genus, phylogeny); Bolton, 2000: 496, 583, 716, 942 (Neotropical-Nearctic, Afrotropical, Malesian-Oriental-East Palaearctic, Austral species revisions, keys); Fisher, 2000: 614 (Malagasy species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 78 (China, Guangxi species key); Lin & Wu, 2001: 166 (Taiwan species key); Zhou & Xu, 2003: 737 (China species key); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2007: 676 (Japan species key); Terayama, 2009: 142 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE30 species, 30 subspecies
Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865: 83 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Formica hystrix, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Acromyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Acromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 347; all subsequent authors.
Acromyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Mayr, 1865: 83; Forel, 1885a: 354; Dalla Torre, 1893: 151; Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 30; Emery, 1905c: 39; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669.
Acromyrmex as genus: Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Emery, 1924d: 347; Santschi, 1925a: 355; all subsequent authors.
Subgenera of ACROMYRMEX include the nominal plus the following.
Subgenus ACROMYRMEX (MOELLERIUS)
Moellerius Forel, 1893e: 589 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta (Acromyrmex) landolti, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.
Taxonomic history
Moellerius as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1893e: 589; Forel, 1899c: 30; Emery, 1905c: 39; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 669; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669.
Moellerius as junior synonym of Acromyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional].
Moellerius as subgenus of Acromyrmex: Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Emery, 1924d: 350; all subsequent authors except the above.
Genus Acromyrmex references
Forel, 1885a: 361 (all species key); Emery, 1905c: 40 (all species key); Gallardo, 1916d: 325 (Argentina species key); Emery, 1924d: 347 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 350 (A. (Moellerius) diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1925a: 388 (all species revision, key); Creighton, 1950a: 326 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1956: 33 (Argentina species key); Gonçalves, 1961: 118 (Brazil species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 10 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 42 (Cuba checklist); Zolessi & Abenante, 1977: 73 (Uruguay species, male genitalia); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1412 (North America catalogue); Fowler, 1988: 284 (A. (Moellerius) species key); Cherrett & Cherrett, 1989: 1 (bibliography); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1047 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 54 (catalogue).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 386 species, 30 subspecies
Fossil: 3 species
Monomorium Mayr, 1855: 452. Type-species: Monomorium monomorium (replacement name for Monomorium minutum, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Monomorium in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 452 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 65.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 124; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 78; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Arnold, 1916: 203; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of MONOMORIUM
Phacota Roger, 1862b: 260. Type-species: Phacota sichelii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Phacota in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Phacota in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 71.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 187; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; all subsequent authors except the entry below; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Phacota as genus: Bolton, 1987: 281.
Phacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865: 19. Type-species: Trichomyrmex rogeri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 72.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733.
Trichomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
†Lampromyrmex Mayr, 1868c: 93. Type-species: †Monomorium mayrianum (replacement name for †Lampromyrmex gracillimus, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1868c: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 78.
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 183 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.
†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45.
†Lampromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.
Holcomyrmex Mayr, 1879: 671. Type-species: Holcomyrmex scabriceps, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 280.
Taxonomic history
[Holcomyrmex Smith, F. 1873: ix, nomen nudum, attributed to Mayr.]
Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 181 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 650.
Holcomyrmex as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 65; Forel, 1903a: 692; Bingham, 1903: 280.
Holcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 181; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Holcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Emery, 1908h: 667; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 295.
Epoecus Emery, 1893a: cclxxvi. Type-species: Epoecus pergandei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Anergatini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 204; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.
Epoecus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.
Wheeleriella Forel, 1907f: 145.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171; junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]
Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 186; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wheeleriella as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 291.
Homonym replaced by Wheeleriella
Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171. Type-species: Wheeleria santschii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]
Epixenus Emery, 1908f: 556. Type-species: Epixenus andrei (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium advena), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Epixenus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 184; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.
Epixenus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown & Wilson, 1957bb: 244; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287; Tinaut & Ortiz, 1988: 167.
Mitara Emery, 1913b: 261 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium laeve, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mitara in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; all subsequent authors.
Mitara as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1913b: 261; Emery, 1915i: 190; Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242.
Mitara as junior synonym of †Lampromyrmex: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162, 676.
Mitara as genus: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 662.
Mitara as junior synoynm of Monomorium: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.
Chelaner Emery, 1914f: 410 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Chelaner) forcipatum, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1922e: 168.
Taxonomic history
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 168; all subsequent authors except the following.
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81.
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Chelaner as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1914f: 410; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Chelaner as genus: Ettershank, 1966: 93; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Chelaner (and its junior synonyms Notomyrmex, Protholcomyrmex, Schizopelta) as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 300; Heterick, 2001: 354.
Notomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Atta antarctica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Notomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Kusnezov, 1956: 20.
Notomyrmex as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 269 (in key); Kusnezov, 1960b: 343; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 60.
Notomyrmex as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Parholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Myrmica gracillima (junior synonym of Atta destructor), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Parholcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 179; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; subsequent authors to the following.
Parholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
[Paraholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 191, Forel, 1917: 242, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
Xeromyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica salomonis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xeromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677.
Xeromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 294.
Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915c: 259 [as subgenus of Monomorium.] Type-species: Monomorium modestum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 175; all subsequent authors to the following.
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81.
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Syllophopsis as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1915c: 259; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 729; Arnold, 1952a: 465.
Syllophopsis as genus: Santschi, 1921c: 119; Santschi, 1936a: 32; Ettershank, 1966: 100.
Syllophopsis as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 287.
[Syllopsis Santschi, 1921c: 120, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Corynomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Corynomyrmex) hospitum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Corynomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 174.
Corynomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.
Isolcomyrmex Santschi, 1917b: 296 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex santschii (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium santschianum), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isolcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1917b: 296; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Isolcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
[Isholcomyrmex Santschi, 1936a: 32, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Paraphacota Santschi, 1919d: 90. Type-species: Paraphacota surcoufi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Phacota noualhieri, unjustified subsequent designation by Santschi, 1927d: 245; repeated in Ettershank, 1966: 82 and Bolton, 1973a: 352.]
Paraphacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681.
Paraphacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Santschi, 1927d: 243; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 293.
Equestrimessor Santschi, 1919d: 92 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex chobauti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 644.
Taxonomic history
Equestrimessor as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1919d: 92;Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677; Santschi, 1936a: 32.
Equestrimessor as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287, 297.
[Equessimessor Santschi, 1936a: 32, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xenhyboma Santschi, 1919g: 405. Type-species: Xenhyboma mystes (junior synonym of Monomorium medinae), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xenhyboma in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736.
Xenhyboma as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Espadaler, 1982b: 112; Bolton, 1987: 293.
Protholcomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium rothsteini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Protholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Ireneidris Donisthorpe, 1943c: 81. Type-species: Ireneidris myops (junior synonym of Monomorium talpa), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ireneidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini [subtribe Monomoriini]: Donisthorpe, 1943c: 82.
Ireneidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 298.
Schizopelta McAreavey, 1949: 14. Type-species: Schizopelta falcata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Schizopelta as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Nothidris Ettershank, 1966: 105. Type-species: Monomorium latastei, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmex genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmecini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kempf, 1972a: 165; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Nothidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Pharaophanes Bernard, 1967: 168 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica pharaonis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pharaophanes Bernard, 1953b: 238 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Unavailable name; proposed without designation of type-species. Species included by Bernard (1953) are all referable to Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 288; Bolton, 1995b: 42 (see also note in Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 90).]
Pharaophanes as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 2003: 213.
Antichthonidris Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5. Type-species: Monomorium denticulatum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Antichthonidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Heterick, 2001: 361.
Epelysidris Bolton, 1987: 279. Type-species: Epelysidris brocha, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995a: 1049; Bolton, 1995b: 188.
Epelysidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Genus Monomorium references
Roger, 1863b: 30, 31 (Phacota, Monomorium catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 429, 440 (Monomorium, Phacota catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 22 (Trichomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 95 (Monomorium diagnosis); Mayr, 1876: 100 (Australia Monomorium species key); Emery, 1881b: 530 (Mediterranean & Red Sea Monomorium species key); André, 1883a: 331, 343 (Europe & Algeria Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); André, 1883b: 397 (Phacota); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. Monomorium catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 69 (Russia Monomorium species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 65, 71, 72, 78 (Holcomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota, Trichomyrmex, †Lampromyrmex catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 685, 692 (India & Sri Lanka Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Bingham, 1903: 200, 282 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 633 (Russian Empire Monomorium species key); Emery, 1908h: 664 (Palaearctic Monomorium species key); Emery, 1915i: 190 (Monomorium subgenera key); Arnold, 1916: 203, 204 (Monomorium diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916b: 161 (Italy Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1921c: 121 (Syllophopsis species key); Emery, 1922e: 166 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 168 (M. (Chelaner) & M. (Notomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 170 (M. (Monomorium) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 174 (M. (Corynomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 175 (M. (Syllophopsis) & M. (Xeromyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 179 (M. (Parholcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 181 (M. (Holcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 183 (M. (Lampromyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 184 (Epixenus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 185 (Trichomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 186 (Wheeleriella diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 187 (Phacota diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 204 (Epoecus diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 161, 675, 862, 1026 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1933b: 64 (Israel Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1936a: 33 (Mediterranean & Africa M. (Xeromyrmex) key); Buren, 1944a: 289 (U.S.A., Iowa Monomorium species key); Kusnezov, 1949a: 431 (Argentina Monomorium species); Creighton, 1950a: 217 (North America Monomorium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 239 (Epoecus, review of genus); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 162, 169 (Asia Ireneidris, Monomorium, Trichomyrmex, Wheeleriella checklists); Bernard, 1955b: 282 (Epixenus species key); Brown, 1958h: 28 (New Zealand Monomorium species key); Gregg, 1963: 367 (U.S.A., Colorado Monomorium species key); Ettershank, 1966: 82, 93, 100 (Monomorium, Chelaner, Syllophopsis diagnoses, reviews of genera, checklists); Bernard, 1967: 165 (Monomorium diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 143 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 165 (Nothidris catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 14 (Cuba Monomorium species key); Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5 (Nothidris all species key); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 79 (Nothidris all species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (former European U.S.S.R. Monomorium species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula Monomorium species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381 (North America Monomorium catalogue); Tohmé & Tohmé, 1980a: 1087 (Lebanon & Syria Epixenus species key); Collingwood, 1985: 267 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55, 70 (Australia Chelaner, Monomorium catalogues); DuBois, 1986: 74 (Nearctic Monomorium species revision, key); Bolton, 1987: 281 (Phacota diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 283 (Antichthonidris, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 284 (Nothidris review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 287 (Monomorium diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Taylor, 1987a: 19, 40 and Taylor, 1987b: 2 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand Monomorium checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 272 (Balkans Monomorium species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 231 (Turkmenistan Monomorium species key); Brandão, 1991: 326, 357 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 361 (Nothidris catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 38 (Japan Monomorium species key); Arakelian, 1994: 46 (Armenia Monomorium species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048, 1050, 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 67, 258, 292, 316 (Antichthonidris, Monomorium, Nothidris, Phacota catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 88 (China Monomorium species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 337 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Radchenko, 1997f: 211 (M. scabriceps group revision, key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 19 (Portugal Monomorium species key); Shattuck, 1999: 145 (Australia synopsis); Heterick, 2001: 367 (Australia Monomorium species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 112 (China, Guangxi Monomorium species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 127 (U.S.A., New Mexico Monomorium species key); Heterick, 2006: 84 (Malagasy Monomorium species revision, key); Fernández, 2007b: 139 (Neotropical Monomorium species key); Terayama, 2009: 154 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 158 (south-western Australia species key); Aldawood & Sharaf, 2011: 52 (Saudi Arabia M. monomorium group key).
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 461 species, 16 subspecies
Fossil:
Tetramorium Mayr, 1855: 423. Type-species: Formica caespitum, by subsequent designation of Girard, 1879: 1016.
Taxonomic history
Tetramorium in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 423 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 61 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 457 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 130.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Forel, 1899c: 52; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1917: 271; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 275; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of TETRAMORIUM
Tetrogmus Roger, 1857: 10. Type-species: Tetrogmus caldarius, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Tetrogmus as subgenus of Tetramorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141.
Tetrogmus as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Roger, 1862c: 297; all subsequent authors except the above; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195.
Xiphomyrmex Forel, 1887: 385 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Xiphomyrmex) kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 175.
Taxonomic history
Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 130.
Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 286; all subsequent authors.
Xiphomyrmex as subgenus of Tetramorium: Dalla Torre, 1893: 130; Forel, 1899c: 53; Forel, 1903a: 700; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Arnold, 1917: 274; Arnold, 1926: 277.
Xiphomyrmex as genus: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1896e: 183; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 193; Emery, 1924d: 286; Smith, M.R. 1938a: 126; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736; Creighton, 1950a: 293; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 824; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 179; Bernard, 1953b: 250; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Xiphomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bingham, 1903: 175; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Triglyphothrix Forel, 1890b: cvi. Type-species: Triglyphothrix walshi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Triglyphothrix in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 135.
Triglyphothrix in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 272; all subsequent authors.
Triglyphothrix as subgenus of Tetramorium: Arnold, 1917: 274; Arnold, 1926: 272.
Triglyphothrix as genus: Forel, 1890b: cvi. Dalla Torre, 1893: 135; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1903a: 703; Bingham, 1903: 171; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 196; Emery, 1924d: 272; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734; Creighton, 1950a: 285; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 823; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 178; Bernard, 1953b: 248; Kempf, 1972a: 255; Bolton, 1976: 310; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1399; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 91.
Triglyphothrix as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1985: 247; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Atopula Emery, 1912b: 104. Type-species: Atopomyrmex nodifer, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Atopula in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini: Emery, 1912b: 105; Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242 [subtribe Podomyrmini]; all subsequent authors to Bolton, 1976: 359.
Atopula in Myrmicinae, Podomyrmini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Atopula as subgenus of Vollenhovia: Emery, 1912d: 273.
Atopula as subgenus of Terataner: Arnold, 1952b: 129.
Atopula as genus: Emery, 1912b: 104; Emery, 1914a: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242; Bernard, 1948: 177; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Atopula as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Macromischoides Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53. Type-species: Macromischa aculeata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Macromischoides in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).
Macromischoides in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Santschi, 1924b: 207; all subsequent authors.
Macromischoides as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 187; Santschi, 1924b: 206; Bernard, 1953b: 248; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Macromischoides as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 196.
[Macromichoides Santschi, 1924b: 206, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Lobomyrmex Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Lobomyrmex) ferox silhavyi (junior synonym of Tetramorium ferox), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Lobomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 196.
Sulcomyrmex Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Unavailable name. Proposed without designation of type-species and therefore unavailable. Species included by Kratochvíl (1941) are all referable to Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359.]
Apomyrmex Calilung, 2000: 66. Type-species: Apomyrmex manobo, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apomyrmex incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Calilung, 2000: 66.
Apomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 2003: 227, 269.
Genus Tetramorium references
Roger, 1863b: 26, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 456 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 972 (all species key); André, 1883a: 285 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1893e: 214 (Triglyphothrix species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 130, 135 (Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 700, 703 (India & Sri Lanka Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix species keys); Bingham, 1903: 172, 175 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 517 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909d: 695 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 195 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1917: 271, 275, 334, 345 (diagnosis, South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium), T. (Triglyphothrix), T. (Xiphomyrmex) species keys); Bondroit, 1918: 106 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1919: 353 (Papuasia Triglyphothrix species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 187, 190, 193, 196 (Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 886, 889, 893, 906, 909 (Afrotropical Atopula, Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1030, 1031, 1032 (Malagasy Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 242 (Atopula diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 272 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 275 (Tetramorium diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 286 (Xiphomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1924b: 210 (Macromischoides species key); Arnold, 1926: 241 (South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium) species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 74 (Israel species key); Finzi, 1936: 183 (Egypt species key); Smith, M.R. 1938a: 127 (North America Xiphomyrmex species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 84 (Central Europe species key); Smith, M.R. 1943b: 2 (North America species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 76, 95 (Central Europe species key); Creighton, 1950a: 290, 293 (North America Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 174, 178, 179 (Asia Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix, Xiphomyrmex checklists); Brown, 1958h: 27 (New Zealand species); Bernard, 1967: 227 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 249, 255 (Neotropical Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 18 (Cuba species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 105 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Bolton, 1976: 310, 314, 341 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, Afrotropical, Oriental & Malesian species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1976: 359 (Tetramorium diagnosis, review of genus, synonymy); Bolton, 1977: 72, 133 (Oriental & Malesian, Australia species revisions, keys); Kutter, 1977c: 150 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 544 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 82 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1399, 1400 (North America Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium catalogues); Bolton, 1979: 132, 159 (Malagasy, New World species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1980: 196, 205 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Collingwood, 1985: 262 (Saudi Arabia species key); Gösswald, 1985: 311 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 88 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 78 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 277 (Balkans species key); Wang, M., Xiao & Wu, 1988: 264 (China species key); Radchenko & Arakelian, 1990: 371 (Crimea & Caucasus T. ferox complex, key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 197 (Turkmenistan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 149 (Bulgaria species key); Radchenko, 1992a: 44 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 33 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 60 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 109 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 403 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 79 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 332 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 158 (Central Europe species key); Cagniant, 1997: 89 (Morocco species key); Radchenko, Czechowski & Czechowsa, 1998: 107 (Poland species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 17 (Portugal species key); Sanetra, Güsten & Schulz, 1999: 317 (Italy, species); Shattuck, 1999: 168 (Australia synopsis); Chang & He, 2001a: 1 (northwest China species key); Zhou, 2001b: 100 (China, Guangxi species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 145 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 214 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Seifert, 2007: 145 (North and Central Europe species key); Csösz, Radchenko & Schulz, 2007: 8 (T. chefketi complex key); Terayama, 2009: 162 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 177 (south-western Australia species key); Csösz & Schulz, 2010: 12 (T. ferox complex key); Hita Garcia, Fischer & Peters, 2010b: 12 (Afrotropical T. weitzeckeri species group key).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 970 species, 142 subspecies
Fossil: 4 species
Pheidole Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Atta providens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidole in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 172.
Pheidole in Attidae: Smith, F. 1860a: 74; Smith, F. 1862a: 49.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 331; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 69 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 463 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 88.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 127; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 64; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kempf, 1972a: 183 (anachronism).
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Arnold, 1920a: 414; Emery, 1921f: 77; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors except Kempf, 1972a: 183, above.
Junior synonyms of PHEIDOLE
Oecophthora Heer, 1852: 15. Type-species: Oecophthora pusilla (junior synonym of Formica megacephala), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Oecophthora in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 453 [Myrmicidae].
Oecophthora as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, F. 1858a: 282; Smith, F. 1858b: 172; Roger, 1863b: 30.
Ischnomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 738. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 461; Bingham, 1903: 270.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1891b: 166; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98; Forel, 1899c: 59; Emery, 1908c: 313; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1902h: 439; Forel, 1903a: 693.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 49.
Ischnomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1862: 738; Emery, 1914a: 40; Viehmeyer, 1914d: 601; Forel, 1917: 241; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Emery, 1922e: 113. Stitz, 1911a: 367; Kusnezov, 1952b: 10 (in key).
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Leptomyrma Motschoulsky, 1863: 17. Type-species: Leptomyrma gracilipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Leptomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 329.
Leptomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1892b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Pheidolacanthinus Smith, F. 1865: 75. Type-species: Pheidolacanthinus armatus (junior synonym of Myrmica quadrispinosa), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 333.
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Pheidolacanthinus as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Pheidolacanthinus as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Ceratopheidole Pergande, 1896: 889 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) granulata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ceratopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ceratopheidole as genus: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 104 (anachronism).
Ceratopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Pergande, 1896: 889; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Ceratopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Epipheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1903f: 664. Type-species: Epipheidole inquilina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Epipheidole also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 14.]
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 114; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Creighton, 1950a: 192.
Epipheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Cole, 1965: 174; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Phidole Bingham, 1903: 220, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Wheeler, 1922a: 806.
Sympheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 7. Type-species: Sympheidole elecebra, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors to the following.
Sympheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Phidola Schulz, W.A. 1906: 155, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidola as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365.
Allopheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole kingi (junior synonym of Pheidole tepicana), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79.
Taxonomic history
Allopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237; Forel, 1917: 241.
Allopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Decapheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole perpusilla, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Decapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661.
Decapheidole as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Borgmeier, 1927c: 78.
Decapheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237, Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Decapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Isopheidole Forel, 1912m: 765 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isopheidole as junior synonym of Ischnomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1913k: 49; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680 (in key). [Ischnomyrmex and Isopheidole share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Elasmopheidole Forel, 1913k: 43 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole aberrans, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1915i: 190.
Taxonomic history
Elasmopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 43; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 110; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Elasmopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Cardiopheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole vaslitii, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cardiopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48; Forel, 1917: 241.
Cardiopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Anergatides Wasmann, 1915b: 281. Type-species: Anergatides kohli (junior secondary homonym in Pheidole, replaced by Pheidole neokohli), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 243 [subtribe Anergatini]; Emery, 1922e: 116 [subtribe Anergatidini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623.
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).
Anergatides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 328; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Parapheidole Emery, 1915d: 68. Type-species: Aphaenogaster oculata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Parapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Parapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Macropheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole fimbriata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Macropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Macropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 800; Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Scrobopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole scrobifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Scrobopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Scrobopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Stegopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) upeneci, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stegopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1921f: 83; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Stegopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Trachypheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole bicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachypheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Trachypheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Electropheidole Mann, 1921: 438 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Electropheidole) roosevelti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 642.
Taxonomic history
Electropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Mann, 1921: 438; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 672; all subsequent authors to the following.
Electropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Bruchomyrma Santschi, 1922d: 248. Type-species: Bruchomyrma acutidens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 42.
Bruchomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Bolton, 1994: 106; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Bruchomyrma as genus: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Cephalomorium Forel, 1922: 91 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Cephalomorium) bahai, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cephalomorium as junior synonym of Hendecapheidole: Santschi, 1925d: 228.
Hendecapheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1922d: 3 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole tachigaliae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hendecapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma Bruch, 1932: 271. Type-species: Gallardomyrma argentina, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646.
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 110.
Gallardomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 110; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Conothoracoides Strand, 1935: 176.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Conothorax Karavaiev; junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothoracoides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Homonym replaced by Conothoracoides
Conothorax Karavaiev, 1935a: 75. Type-species: Conothorax bilobum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Conothorax Karavaiev junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothorax in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Karavaiev, 1935a: 75.
Eriopheidole Kusnezov, 1952a: 10. Type-species: Eriopheidole symbiotica (unresolved junior secondary homonym in Pheidole), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Kusnezov, 1952a: 10.
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 107.
Eriopheidole junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Eriopheidole as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 107; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Xenoaphaenogaster Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 50. Type-species: Xenoaphaenogaster inquilina (junior synonym of Myrmica pallidula), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional].
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Pheidole: Bolton, 1987: 291.
Genus Pheidole references
Smith, F. 1858b: 172 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 70 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 27, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 440 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 18, 22 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 92, 96 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1870b: 977, 979 (Australia & New World species keys); Mayr, 1876: 102 (Australia species key); André, 1883b: 382 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1879: 674 (Asia species key); Mayr, 1887: 582 (New World species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A., catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 75 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 88, 98 (Pheidole, Pheidolacanthinus catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 288 (North America species key); Mayr, 1896: 241 (Africa species, partial key); Emery, 1896g: 80 (P. flavens group, key); Forel, 1902c: 165 (India species key); Forel, 1902f: 523 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 223 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 133 (Puerto Rico species key); Arnold, 1920a: 414 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1921f: 78 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 81 (P. (Macropheidole) & P. (Pheidolacanthinus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1921f: 83 (P. (Stegopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Mann, 1921: 442 (Fiji Is species key); Emery, 1922e: 110 (P. (Elasmopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 111 (P. (Trachypheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 112 (P. (Scrobopheidole), P. (Decapheidole) & P. (Ceratopheidole) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 113 (Ischnomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 114 (Epipheidole diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 115 (Sympheidole, Parapheidole diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 116 (Anergatides diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 126, 672 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 806, 879 (Afrotropical Pheidole, Anergatides catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1017, 1021 (Malagasy Pheidole, Parapheidole catalogues); Gallardo, 1932c: 179 (Argentina Elasmopheidole species key); Finzi, 1936: 165 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 298 (Himalaya species key); Cole, 1942: 362 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Buren, 1944a: 285 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 163 (North America species key); Creighton, 1950a: 192, 194 (North America Epipheidole, Sympheidole species); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135, 137 (Asia Ceratopheidole, Conothorax, Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole checklists); Kusnezov, 1952b: 61 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1955c: 302 (P. (Hendecapheidole) species key); Gregg, 1959: 9 (U.S.A. species key); Gregg, 1963: 407 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 126 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 149 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Gregg, 1969: 95 (addition to Gregg, 1959 U.S.A. key); Kempf, 1972a: 183 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 11 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 441 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Ogata, 1982: 191 (Japan species key); Collingwood, 1985: 253 (Saudi Arabia species key); Naves, 1985: 54 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 74 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 41 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 53 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 271 (Balkans species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 15 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 123 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 368 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 22 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 345 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 316 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 99 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 322 (Saudi Arabia species key); Park & Kim, 2000: 109 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 152 (Australia synopsis); Eguchi, 1999: 103 (Borneo P. longipes group, key); Ward, 2000: 96 (U.S.A. P. hyatti complex, key); Zhou, 2001b: 121 (China, Guangxi species key); Eguchi, 2001b: 10 (Borneo species key); ; Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 149 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key)Wilson, 2003: 27 (New World, all species revision, keys); Sarnat, 2008: 8 (Fiji Is P. roosevelti group, key); Eguchi, 2008: 8 (North Vietnam species key); Terayama, 2009: 171 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 169 (south-western Australia species key); Sarnat & Moreau, 2011: 114 (P. roosevelti group phylogeny and radiation).
Genera incertae sedis in Pheidolini
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Cardiocondyla TRUE TRUE FALSE67 species, 2 subspecies
Cardiocondyla Emery, 1869b: 20. Type-species: Cardiocondyla elegans, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 70.
Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).
Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Cardiocondylini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Arnold, 1916: 200; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 124; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism); Jaffe, 1993: 10 (anachronism).
Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Bolton, 1982: 311 (in text).
Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105.
Junior synonyms of CARDIOCONDYLA
Emeryia Forel, 1890b: cx. Type-species: Emeryia wroughtonii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Emeryia as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Forel, 1892h: 461; Forel, 1892i: 313; Dalla Torre, 1893: 70.
Xenometra Emery, 1917a: 96. Type-species: Xenometra monilicornis (junior synonym of Cardiocondyla emeryi), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xenometra in Myrmicinae, Cardiocondylini: Emery, 1922e: 126; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; subsequent authors.
Xenometra as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Baroni Urbani, 1973: 199; Marikovsky & Yakushin, 1974: 60.
Dyclona Santschi, 1930b: 70 (footnote) [as subgenus of Cardiocondyla]. Type-species: Monomorium cristatum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dyclona as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375; Bolton, 1982: 309.
Loncyda Santschi, 1930b: 70 [as subgenus of Cardiocondyla]. Type-species: Cardiocondyla (Loncyda) monardi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Loncyda as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375; Bolton, 1982: 309.
Prosopidris Wheeler, W.M. 1935b: 40 [as subgenus of Cardiocondyla]. Type-species: Cardiocondyla (Prosopidris) sima, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Prosopidris in Myrmicinae, Cardiocondylini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 688.
Prosopidris as genus: Reiskind, 1965: 80.
Prosopidris as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375; Bolton, 1982: 309.
Genus Cardiocondyla references
André, 1883a: 327 (Europe & Algeria species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 70 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 688 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 287 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 623 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909a: 20 (Palaearctic species key); Arnold, 1916: 200 (diagnosis); Emery, 1922e: 124 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 126 (Xenometra diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 149, 827, 1021 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 37 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 114 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 172 (Egypt species key); Smith, M.R. 1944a: 32 (U.S.A. species key); Creighton, 1950a: 197 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 83 (Asia checklist); Bernard, 1956c: 301 (Palaearctic species key); Bernard, 1967: 156 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 158 (Xenometra diagnosis); Kempf, 1972a: 73, 259 (Neotropical Cardiocondyla, Xenometra catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 12 (Cuba species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 71 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375 (North America catalogue); Bolton, 1982: 309 (diagnosis, Afrotropical species key); Kugler, J. 1984: 17 (males, key); Collingwood, 1985: 256 (Saudi Arabia species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 276 (Balkans species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 193 (Turkmenistan species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 31 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 172 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 42 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 132 (catalogue); Radchenko, 1995b: 452 (Palaearctic species key); Mackay, 1995: 170 (New World species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 68 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 326 (Saudi Arabia species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999d: 99 (Japan species, review); Shattuck, 1999: 129 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 85 (China, Guangxi species key); Rigato, 2002: 172 (Afrotropical species key); Seifert, 2003a: 292 (C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, C. minutior groups revision, key); Terayama, 2009: 179 (Taiwan species key).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Leptothorax TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 18 species, 2 subspecies
Fossil:
Leptothorax Mayr, 1855: 431. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 214.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Myrmica clypeata, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1912d: 271; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79 and Emery, 1924d: 248.]
Leptothorax in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 431 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 57 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 458 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 122.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 54; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 63; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1916: 257; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 247; subsequent authors to the following.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105; Mackay, 2000: 267.
Junior synonyms of LEPTOTHORAX
Mychothorax Ruzsky, 1904a: 288. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mychothorax as subgenus of Leptothorax: Ruzsky, 1905b: 609; Emery, 1915g: 24; Emery, 1916b: 176; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679; Emery, 1924d: 260; Creighton, 1950a: 274.
Mychothorax as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Smith, M.R. 1950: 29; Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Bolton, 1982: 319. [Leptothorax and Mychothorax share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Doronomyrmex Kutter, 1945: 485. Type-species: Doronomyrmex pacis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Doronomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini:Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Doronomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105.
Doronomyrmex as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Heinze, 1998: 195; Bolton, 2003: 270.
Genus Leptothorax references
Mayr, 1855: 433 (Austria species key); Mayr, 1861: 58 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 26, 28, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 428, 456 (Leptothorax, Macromischa, Temnothorax catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 20, 21 (Macromischa, Leptothorax, Temnothorax diagnoses); Mayr, 1868c: 83 (†Baltic Amber species key); André, 1874: 188 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 84 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 293 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1886d: 451 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 70 (Russia species key); Emery, 1891b: 5 (North Africa species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 120, 122 (Macromischa, Leptothorax catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 317 (North America species key); Emery, 1896g: 58 (Neotropical species key); Bingham, 1903: 215 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1903c: 223 (North America species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 570 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 16 (Luxemburg species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 141 (Macromischa species key); Santschi, 1909b: 460 (L. rottenbergi group key); Bondroit, 1910: 496 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 60 (Central Europe species key); Crawley, 1914: 91 (Britain species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 147 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 176 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Arnold, 1916: 257 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Bondroit, 1918: 117 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1920: 408 (Macromischa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677 (Macromischa subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679 (Leptothorax subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 890 (Afrotropical catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1029 (Malagasy catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 245 (Macromischa catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 247 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 249 (L. (Goniothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 251 (L. (Leptothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 259 (L. (Temnothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 260 (L. (Dichothorax) & L. (Mychothorax) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 264 (Symmyrmica review, catalogue); Karavaiev, 1927c: 266 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 163 (Britain species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 38 (Turkestan species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 31 (Macromischa, Croesomyrmex, Antillaemyrmex checklists); Arnol'di, 1933b: 598 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 68 (Israel species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 134 (Ukraine species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 463 (Macromischa checklist); Menozzi, 1939a: 307 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 158 (Germany species key); Smith, M.R. 1939e: 503 (U.S.A. Macromischa species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 369 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 172 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 123 (Czechoslovakia males, key); Buren, 1944a: 286 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 178 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 251, 256 (North America Macromischa, Leptothorax species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 110 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1952b: 97 (U.S.A. L. tricarinatus complex, key); Bernard, 1956a: 151 (Western Europe species groups); Kusnezov, 1958c: 266 (subgenera key); Boven, 1959: 8 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 380 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 139 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964: 99 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 185 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 187 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 224 (Doronomyrmex diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 20 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1971: 1824 (Kazakhstan species key); Kempf, 1972a: 132, 135 (Neotropical Leptothorax, Macromischa catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 15 (Macromischa Cuba species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 83 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 103 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 540 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 83 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 68 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 533 (L. (Macromischa) all species revision, key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1391 (North America catalogue); Buschinger, 1981: 211 (Doronomyrmex review); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bolton, 1982: 319 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species key); Gösswald, 1985: 303 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 51 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 60 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Soyunov, 1988: 29 (former U.S.S.R. Temnothorax species); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 184, 188 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 136 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 349 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 26 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 129 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 52 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 111 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994d: 146 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 235 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 89 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 347 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 108 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 325 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 13 (Central Europe Doronomyrmex species key); Seifert, 1996b: 119 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Cagniant & Espadaler, 1997: 260 (Morocco species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama & Onoyama, 1999: 73 (Japan species key); Mackay, 2000: 265, 288, 297 (New World L. (Myrafant) species revision key, Mexico & Guatemala species key, species complexes key); Fontenla Rizo, 2001: 15 (Cuba Macromischa species key); Chang & He, 2001b: 1 (northwest China species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 143 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 93 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 270 (genus diagnosis); Lyu & Cho, 2003b: 269 (Korea species key); Radchenko, 2004: 131 (Eastern Palaearctic species, key); Deyrup & Cover, 2004a: 56 (southeast U.S.A. species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 118 (North and Central Europe species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 142 species, 26 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Hypoponera Santschi, 1938b: 79 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera abeillei, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 652; all subsequent authors.
Hypoponera as subgenus of Ponera: Santschi, 1938b: 79.
Hypoponera as genus: Taylor, 1967a: 9; all subsequent authors.
Genus Hypoponera references
[References prior to 1967, see under PONERA.]
Taylor, 1967a: 9 (Hypoponera diagnosis, discussion); Kempf, 1972a: 121 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 7 (Cuba species key); Kutter, 1977c: 24 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1342 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 31 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 29 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 25 (Japan species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 176 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 347 (Neotropical catalogue); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 69 (Bulgaria species key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 213 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 40 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 311 (Saudi Arabia species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 148 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 187 (Australia synopsis); Bolton, 2003: 162 (synopsis); Terayama, 2009: 113 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 133 (south-western Australia species key); Bolton & Fisher, 2011: 17, 23 (Afrotropical and West Palaearctic, all species revision, keys).
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 216 species, 31 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Leptogenys Roger, 1861a: 41. Type-species: Leptogenys falcigera, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 52.
Taxonomic history
Leptogenys in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 46; Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 14 [Poneridae].
Leptogenys in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1899c: 17; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 97; Arnold, 1915: 89; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 84; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 652; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Leptogenys in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 304; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Brown, 1963: 3; Kempf, 1972a: 129; Jaffe, 1993: 8; Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 163.
Junior synonyms of LEPTOGENYS
Lobopelta Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 733. Type-species: Ponera diminuta, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 54.
Taxonomic history
Lobopelta in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 43.
Lobopelta in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 101; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 658.
Lobopelta as genus: Mayr, 1862: 733; Cresson, 1887: 258; Dalla Torre, 1893: 43; Bingham, 1903: 54.
Lobopelta as subgenus of Leptogenys: Forel, 1892k: 520; Forel, 1899c: 18; Forel, 1900d: 304; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 101; Arnold, 1915: 95; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 1; Borgmeier, 1923: 75; Creighton, 1950a: 50; Kempf, 1972a: 131; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1343 (anachronism).
Lobopelta as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Emery, 1896e: 177 (footnote); Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1975a: 240; Bolton, 2003: 163.
Prionogenys Emery, 1895g: 348. Type-species: Prionogenys podenzanai, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Prionogenys in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135;
Prionogenys in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 106; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 652; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 685; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Prionogenys as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Taylor, 1988: 33.
Machaerogenys Emery, 1911d: 100 [as subgenus of Leptogenys]. Type-species: Leptogenys truncatirostris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Machaerogenys as subgenus of Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 100; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; subsequent authors to the following.
Machaerogenys as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1975a: 240.
Odontopelta Emery, 1911d: 101 [as subgenus of Leptogenys]. Type-species: Leptogenys turneri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Odontopelta as subgenus of Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 101; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 677.
Odontopelta as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 390; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 32.
Dorylozelus Forel, 1915b: 24. Type-species: Dorylozelus mjobergi (junior secondary homonym in Leptogenys, replaced by Leptogenys tricosa), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dorylozelus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Forel, 1917: 238.
Dorylozelus in Ponerinae, Dorylozelini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 646; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640.
Dorylozelus incertae sedis in Ponerinae, Amblyoponini: Brown, 1960a: 181.
Dorylozelus as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Taylor, 1969: 132; Bolton, 1975a: 240.
Microbolbos Donisthorpe, 1948f: 170. Type-species: Microbolbos testaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Microbolbos as junior synonym of Leptogenys: Wilson, 1955c: 136; Bolton, 1975a: 240.
Genus Leptogenys references
Roger, 1863b: 19 (Lobopelta, Leptogenys catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 426, 427 (Leptogenys, Lobopelta catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 14, 15 (Leptogenys, Lobopelta diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 89 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1879: 664 (Lobopelta species key); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 43, 46 (Lobopelta, Leptogenys catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 304 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 52, 55 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Leptogenys, Lobopelta species keys); Emery, 1911d: 97 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 89, 95 (diagnosis, South Africa L. (Leptogenys) & L. (Lobopelta) species keys); Mann, 1919: 298 (Papuasia L. (Leptogenys) species key); Mann, 1921: 426 (Fiji L. (Lobopelta) species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 93, 786, 1010 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 14 (New World L. (Lobopelta) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 51 (North America L. (Lobopelta) species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1958a: 113 (Melanesia & Moluccas species revision, key); Wilson, 1958a: 136 (New Caledonia species key); Kempf, 1972a: 129 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 8 (Cuba species key); Bolton, 1975a: 239 (diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1975a: 244 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Bolton, 1975a: 293 (Malagasy species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1343 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 32, 39 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 34, 64 (Australia, New Caledonia checklists); Trager & Johnson, 1988: 30 (U.S.A. species key); Brandão, 1991: 349 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 229 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 41 (China species key); Shattuck, 1999: 189 (Australia synopsis); Xu, 2000a: 118 (China species key); Zhou, 2001b: 39 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003: 163 (synopsis); Lattke, in Fernández, 2008: 145 (Colombia species, review); Terayama, 2009: 115 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 133 (south-western Australia species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 252 species, 62 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pachycondyla Smith, F. 1858b: 105. Type-species: Formica crassinoda, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Pachycondyla in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 105; Smith, 1871a: 324.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Pachycondyla in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 114; Forel, 1899c: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 73 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PACHYCONDYLA
Bothroponera Mayr, 1862: 713 (diagnosis in key), 717. Type-species: Ponera pumicosa, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Bothroponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35.
Bothroponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Bothroponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 75 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Ponera: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 325.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 75; Arnold, 1915: 55; Forel, 1917: 237; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Bothroponera as genus: Mayr, 1862: 717; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35; Bingham, 1903: 95; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1918c: 299 (footnote); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 67; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49; Bernard, 1953b: 187; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Bothroponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Megaponera Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 734. Type-species: Formica foetens (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Formica analis), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Megaponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Megaponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Megaponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 67 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 46; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors to the following.
Megaponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Megaloponera Roger, 1863b: 17, incorrect subsequent spelling; misspelling repeated by several authors, for example Emery, 1877b: 368; Forel, 1917: 237.]
Paltothyreus Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 735. Type-species: Formica tarsata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Paltothyreus in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 62 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 43; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Paltothyreus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Ectomomyrmex Mayr, 1867a: 83. Type-species: Ectomomyrmex javanus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 85.
Taxonomic history
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30.
Ectomomyrmex in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 321; Emery, 1911d: 78 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Ectomomyrmex as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 78; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237.
Ectomomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1867a: 83; Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Forel, 1900d: 321; Bingham, 1903: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 60; Brown, 1963: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 29; Taylor, 1987a: 26; Ogata, 1987: 112.
Ectomomyrmex as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Ectomyrmex Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Ophthalmopone Forel, 1890b: cxii. Type-species: Ophthalmopone berthoudi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 31.
Ophthalmopone in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 49; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Ophthalmopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Euponera Forel, 1891b: 126 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Euponera) sikorae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Euponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 79 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 37; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Euponera as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1891b: 126; Emery, 1895j: 767.
Euponera as genus: Emery, 1901a: 46; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 79; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Borgmeier, 1923: 70; Clark, 1934b: 30; Creighton, 1950a: 44; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 63; Bernard, 1953b: 189; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Euponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Cryptopone Emery, 1893a: cclxxv. Type-species: Cryptopone testacea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cryptopone also described as new by Emery, 1893f: 240. Type-species not Amblyopone testacea, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161, repeated in Emery, 1911d: 88, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 636, Kempf, 1972a: 90 and Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 28; see discussion in Wilson, 1958d: 360.]
Cryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Cryptopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 3.
Pseudoponera Emery, 1900c: 314 [as subgenus of Pachycondyla]. Type-species: Ponera quadridentata (junior synonym of Formica stigma), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pseudoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 42. Type-species not Ponera amblyops, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 42; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 779; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723.]
Pseudoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pseudoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 86 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 238; all subsequent authors.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1900c: 314; Emery, 1901a: 42.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1900c: 141; Forel, 1900e: 398; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Pseudoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 91; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 86; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 74.
Pseudoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Brachyponera Emery, 1900c: 315 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Euponera (Brachyponera) croceicornis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Brachyponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera sennaarensis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 160, Emery, 1911d: 84, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 777, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628, Wilson, 1958d: 346; Bolton, 1973a: 335; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23.]
Brachyponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Brachyponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 83; all subsequent authors.
Brachyponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900c: 315; Emery, 1909c: 366; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 83; Arnold, 1915: 72; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; subsequent authors to the following.
Brachyponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 101; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 346; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Ogata, 1987: 116; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Brachyponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Mesoponera Emery, 1900d: 668 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Ponera melanaria, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Mesoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera caffraria, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated by Emery, 1911d: 81, Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661, Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141, Bolton, 1973a: 338; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 35.]
Mesoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Mesoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 80; all subsequent authors.
Mesoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900d: 668; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 80; Arnold, 1915: 64; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 71; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 64; Bernard, 1953b: 190.
Mesoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 99; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 34; Taylor, 1987a: 39; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Mesoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Eumecopone Forel, 1901e: 335 [as subgenus of Neoponera]. Type-species: Neoponera (Eumecopone) agilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eumecopone as subgenus of Neoponera: Forel, 1901e: 335; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 71; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; subsequent authors to the following.
Eumecopone junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Hagensia Forel, 1901f: 333 [as subgenus of Megaloponera (sic)]. Type-species: Megaloponera (Hagensia) havilandi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hagensia in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; all subsequent authors.
Hagensia as subgenus of Megaponera: Forel, 1901f: 333; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 61.
Hagensia as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237.
Hagensia as genus: Arnold, 1926: 202; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 648; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Hagensia as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Neoponera Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species: Formica villosa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Neoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 70 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Neoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Trachymesopus Emery, 1911d: 84 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Formica stigma, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachymesopus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 84; all subsequent authors.
Trachymesopus as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1911d: 84; Arnold, 1915: 74; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 72; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733; Creighton, 1950a: 46; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 65; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 786; Bernard, 1953b: 195.
Trachymesopus as genus: Wilson, 1958d: 352; Kempf, 1960f: 423; Brown, 1963: 6; Kempf, 1972a: 251; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 52; Ogata, 1987: 114; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pseudoponera: Bolton, 1995b: 48 (because of synonymous type-species); Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Trachyponera Santschi, 1928a: 43, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Xiphopelta) arnoldi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1913a: 108; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 737.
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237; Emery, 1919c: 106; Bernard, 1953b: 191.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Mesoponera: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775; all subsequent authors to the following.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Hiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Termitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 159. Type-species: Ponera laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Termitopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 731.
Termitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Syntermitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169 [as subgenus of Termitopone.] Type-species: Ponera commutata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Syntermitopone as subgenus of Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169.
Syntermitopone as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 15.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Termitopone: Borgmeier, 1959a: 312.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Wadeura Weber, 1939a: 102. Type-species: Wadeura guianensis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wadeura in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wadeura as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Pseudoneoponera Donisthorpe, 1943d: 439. Type-species: Pseudoneoponera verecundae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudoneoponera in Ponerinae, Pseudoneoponerini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 77.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Bothroponera: Wilson, 1958d: 361.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Genus Pachycondyla references
Mayr, 1862: 719 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16, 17, 18 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 397, 428, 439, 440 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13, 15 (Bothroponera, Pachycondyla, Megaponera, Paltothyreus diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 82 (Bothroponera diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 396 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Emery, 1887b: 18 (footnote) (Asia & Australia Bothroponera species key); Emery, 1890a: 71 (Neotropical species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 30, 31, 32, 35 (Ectomomyrmex, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Paltothyreus, Pachycondyla, Bothroponera catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 321 (India & Sri Lanka Ectomomyrmex species key); Bingham, 1903: 86, 91, 96, 101 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Ectomomyrmex, Pseudoponera, Bothroponera, Brachyponera species keys); Emery, 1911d: 62 (Paltothyreus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 67 (Megaponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 69 (Megaponera (Hagensia) and Ophthalmopone diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 70 (Neoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 73 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 75 (P. (Bothroponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 78 (P. (Ectomomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera (Mesoponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 83 (Euponera (Brachyponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 84 (Euponera (Trachymesopus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 86 (Pseudoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 88 (Cryptopone diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 43, 46, 49, 53, 63 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Pachycondyla, Euponera diagnoses); Arnold, 1915: 50, 55, 64 (South Africa Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Euponera (Mesoponera) species keys); Gallardo, 1918b: 56, 66 (Argentina Neoponera, Mesoponera, keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 72 (Afrotropical Bothroponera species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 60, 63, 69, 81 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Bothroponera, Euponera diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 763, 766, 768, 769, 774, 780 (Afrotropical Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Ectomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1007, 1008 (Malagasy Bothroponera, Euponera catalogues); Arnold, 1926: 203 (South Africa Hagensia species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 5 (Cryptopone all species key); Santschi, 1935b: 259 (Africa Mesoponera, key); Creighton, 1950a: 45 (North America Euponera species key); Arnold, 1951: 53 (Hagensia species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49, 52, 60, 63, 74 (Asia Bothroponera, Cryptopone, Ectmomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera checklists); Arnold, 1952a: 461 (South Africa Bothroponera, key); Bernard, 1953b: 191 (Guinea Euponera (Xiphopelta) species key); Brown, 1958h: 20 (New Zealand species); Wilson, 1958d: 346, 357, 362 (Melanesia Brachyponera, Cryptopone, Ectomomyrmex species keys); Kempf, 1961b: 192 (Brazil species key); Brown, 1963: 6, 9 (reviews of Cryptopone, Trachymesopus & Ectomomyrmex); Kempf, 1964e: 51 (Neotropical Pachycondyla species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 36 (Argentina Neoponera species key); Kempf, 1972a: 90, 141, 160, 174, 248, 251, 257 (Neotropical Cryptopone, Mesoponera, Neoponera, Pachycondyla, Termitopone, Trachymesopus, Wadeura catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 7 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339, 1341 (North America, Pachycondyla, Brachyponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21, 23, 28, 29, 34, 34, 52 (Australia, catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 9, 23, 26, 39, 80 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 18 (Japan Ectomomyrmex, Cryptopone, Brachyponera, Trachymesopus species key); Brandão, 1991: 354, 360, 365, 381, 382 (Neotropical catalogue); Xu, 1994b: 182 (China Brachyponera species key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 166, 302 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45 (China species key); Xu, 1995b: 104 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 310 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla Saudi Arabia species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 147 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 182, 196 (Australia Cryptopone, Pachycondyla fauna synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 35, 49 (China, Guangxi Cryptopone, Pachycondyla species keys); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 424 (wingless female fossils, diagnosis); Wild, 2002: 4 (Paraguay species key); Bolton, 2003: 161, 165 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla synopses); Wild, 2005: 5 (P. apicalis complex key); Yamane, 2007: 652 (P. nigrita species group key); Mackay, Mackay, Fernández & Arias-Penna, in Fernández, 2008: 172 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 105, 108 (Taiwan Pachycondyla, Cryptopone species keys); Heterick, 2009: 134 (south-western Australia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 26, 107 (New World Pachycondyla species revision, species complexes key and species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex octospinosus TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
octospinosus. Formica octospinosa Reich, 1793: 132 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Forel, 1893e: 590 (s.q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 674 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986d: 496 (l.). Combination in Atta: Emery, 1892b: 163; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 590; in Acromyrmex: Mann, 1916: 454. Senior synonym of guentheri: Emery, 1894c: 220; of pallida Crawley: Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 70. See also: Gonçalves, 1961: 157. Current subspecies: nominal plus cubanus, ekchuah, inti, volcanus.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex octospinosus cubanus TRUE TRUE FALSEcubanus. Acromyrmex octospinosus subsp. cubanus Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 74 (s.) CUBA.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone bierigi TRUE TRUE FALSEbierigi. Stigmatomma (Fulakora) bierigi Santschi, 1930e: 75 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Amblyopone: Brown, 1960a: 167.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta cubana TRUE TRUE FALSEcubana. Atta cubana Fontenla Rizo, 1995b: 77 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta insularis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsularis. Atta insularis Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 422 (w.) CUBA. Mayr, 1865: 82 (q.m.). Combination in Atta (Archeatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 343. Subspecies of fervens: Borgmeier, 1939: 423. Revived status as species: Borgmeier, 1950d: 260. See also: Borgmeier, 1959b: 353.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex flavidulus TRUE TRUE FALSEflavidulus. Plagiolepis flavidula Roger, 1863a: 162 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Brachymyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1955b: 99.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus baronii TRUE TRUE FALSEbaronii. Camponotus baronii Alayo & Zayas Montero, 1977: 1, fig. 1 (w.) CUBA. Subgenus indeterminate.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus bermudezi TRUE TRUE FALSEbermudezi. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) bermudezi Aguayo, 1932: 225 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cubangensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
cubangensis. Camponotus mayri var. cubangensis Forel, 1901d: 309 (w.q.) ANGOLA. [Also described as new, but spelled kubangensis, by Forel, 1903e: 563.] Combination in C. (Orthonotomyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 125. Raised to species: Santschi, 1930b: 80. Current subspecies: nominal plus dofleini.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus gilviventris TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
gilviventris. Camponotus gilviventris Roger, 1863a: 145 (w.) CUBA. Mann, 1920: 435 (s.). Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1914a: 274. Current subspecies: nominal plus refectus, renormatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus gundlachi TRUE TRUE FALSEgundlachi. Camponotus (Colobopsis) gundlachi Mann, 1920: 438 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus kutterianus TRUE TRUE FALSEkutterianus. Camponotus kutterianus Baroni Urbani, 1972: 132, figs. 1-3 (w.) CUBA. Subgenus indeterminate.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macromischoides TRUE TRUE FALSEmacromischoides. Camponotus macromischoides Fontenla Rizo, 1997b: 55 [not seen] CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus micrositus TRUE TRUE FALSEmicrositus. Camponotus (Manniella) micrositus Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 462 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planatus TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
planatus. Camponotus planatus Roger, 1863a: 148 (s.w.q.m.) CUBA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953e: 194 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 271. Subspecies of senex: Forel, 1879a: 97; Emery, 1890b: 56. Revived status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 248; Forel, 1899c: 141; Forel, 1901e: 371. Current subspecies: nominal plus acaciae, colombicus, continentis, esdras.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus riehlii TRUE TRUE FALSEriehlii. Colobopsis riehlii Roger, 1863a: 159 (q.) CUBA. Combination in Camponotus (Colobopsis): Emery, 1889b: 517.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus santosi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
santosi. Camponotus santosi Forel, 1908c: 408 (s.w.) CUBA. Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 502 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1968: 220 (l.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Current subspecies: nominal plus pazosi.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sphaericus TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
sphaericus. Camponotus sphaericus Roger, 1863a: 146 (w.) CUBA. Mann, 1920: 436 (s.). Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Colobopsis): Mann, 1920: 436; in C. (Manniella): Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19. Current subspecies: nominal plus cardini, rufipilis, sphaeralis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus taino TRUE TRUE FALSEtaino. Camponotus taino Snelling & Torres, 1998: 8, figs. 13-16 (s.w.q.m.) PUERTO RICO. Also note reference: Camponotus taino Fontenla Rizo, 1997b: 58, CUBA [not seen].
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus thysanopus TRUE TRUE FALSEthysanopus. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) thysanopus Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 461 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus torrei TRUE TRUE FALSEtorrei. Camponotus torrei Aguayo, 1932: 227 (w.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Manniella): Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sphaericus sphaeralis TRUE TRUE FALSEsphaeralis. Camponotus sphaeralis Roger, 1863a: 147 (w.) CUBA. Mann, 1920: 438 (s.). Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Colobopsis): Mann, 1920: 438; in C. (Manniella): Emery, 1925b: 160. Currently subspecies of sphaericus: Mann, 1920: 438; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cubangensis dofleini TRUE TRUE FALSEdofleini. Camponotus dofleini Forel, 1911e: 291 (w.) SOUTH AFRICA. Combination in C. (Myrmosphincta): Forel, 1914a: 273; in C. (Orthonotomyrmex): Emery, 1920b: 257. Arnold, 1924: 714 (s.). Senior synonym of ledieui: Emery, 1920c: 29. Currently subspecies of cubangensis: Santschi, 1930b: 81 (in text).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sphaericus cardini TRUE TRUE FALSEcardini. Camponotus (Colobopsis) sphaericus var. cardini Mann, 1920: 438 (w.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Manniella): Emery, 1925b: 160.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conspicuus inaequalis TRUE TRUE FALSEinaequalis. Camponotus inaequalis Roger, 1863a: 147 (w.q.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80. Material of the unavailable name eburneus referred here by Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 503 (in text). Currently subspecies of conspicuus: Forel, 1914a: 267.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ramulorum mestrei TRUE TRUE FALSEmestrei. Camponotus ramulorum var. mestrei Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 503 (s.w.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus santosi pazosi TRUE TRUE FALSEpazosi. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) santosi var. pazosi Santschi, 1922c: 101 (w.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus gilviventris refectus TRUE TRUE FALSErefectus. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) gilviventris var. refectus Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 460 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus gilviventris renormatus TRUE TRUE FALSErenormatus. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) gilviventris var. renormatus Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 461 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sphaericus rufipilis TRUE TRUE FALSErufipilis. Camponotus (Manniella) sphaericus subsp. rufipilis Aguayo, 1932: 226 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes varians TRUE TRUE FALSEvarians. Cryptocerus varians Smith, F. 1876d: 606, pl. 11, fig. 6 (w.) CUBA. Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 102 (s.q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 156 (l.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Cryptocerus (Cyathomyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 459; in Paracryptocerus (Cyathomyrmex): Smith, M.R. 1951a: 825; in Zacryptocerus: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1403; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 457. See also: Wilson, 1976a: 354.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster cubaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcubaensis. Crematogaster victima subsp. cubaensis Mann, 1920: 425 (w.q.) CUBA. Subspecies of steinheili: Menozzi, 1929a: 2; of laeviuscula: Enzmann, J. 1946c: 93; of victima: Kempf, 1972a: 90. Raised to species and senior synonym of barbouri: Longino, 2003a: 132.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Crematogaster (Crematogaster) manni Buren, 1968b: 95 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sanguinea TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
sanguinea. Crematogaster sanguinea Roger, 1863a: 208 (w.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 141; in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166. Current subspecies: nominal plus atavista, sotolongoi, torrei.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sanguinea torrei TRUE TRUE FALSEtorrei. Crematogaster sanguinea var. torrei Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 490 (w.q.) CUBA. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 141.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sanguinea sotolongoi TRUE TRUE FALSEsotolongoi. Crematogaster sanguinea subsp. sotolongoi Mann, 1920: 425 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sanguinea atavista TRUE TRUE FALSEatavista. Crematogaster sanguinea var. atavista Mann, 1920: 425 (w.) CUBA.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex darlingtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEdarlingtoni. Cylindromyrmex (Hypocylindromyrmex) darlingtoni Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 441 (w.q.) CUBA. See also: De Andrade, 1998a: 622.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex minutus TRUE TRUE FALSEminutus. Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr, 1862: 691 (w.) CUBA. Mayr, 1887: 558 (q.m.). Junior synonym of rimosus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 150; Forel, 1895b: 137. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of rimosus: Emery, 1894c: 225; Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 106. Subspecies of rimosus: Emery, 1924d: 342; Creighton, 1950a: 316; Kempf, 1966: 162. Revived status as species: Snelling & Longino, 1992: 490. Senior synonym of steinheili: Mayr, 1887: 558; of comalensis: Creighton, 1950a: 315; of arnoldi, atrata, breviscapus, flavescens, venezuelensis: Snelling & Longino, 1992: 490.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius pruinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEpruinosus. Tapinoma pruinosum Roger, 1863a: 165 (w.) CUBA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 185 (l.). Combination in Iridomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 497; in Forelius: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 13; Shattuck, 1992c: 95. Senior synonym of testaceus: Cuezzo, 2000: 261; of analis: Ward, 2005: 9. See also: Creighton, 1950a: 342; Petralia & Vinson, 1980: 386; Guerrero & Fernández, 2008: 57.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys rumba TRUE TRUE FALSErumba. Gnamptogenys rumba Lattke, 2002: 142, fig. 7 (w.) CUBA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera opaciceps TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
opaciceps. Ponera opaciceps Mayr, 1887: 536 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Smith, M.R. 1929: 545 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 453 (l.). Combination in Hypoponera: Taylor, 1967a: 11. Senior synonym of perkinsi (and its junior synonym andrei): Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 28; of postangustata: Wild, 2007b: 54. Current subspecies: nominal plus cubana, gaigei, jamaicensis, pampana,. See also: Smith, M.R. 1936: 428; Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 59; Kempf, 1962b: 7.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera opaciceps cubana TRUE TRUE FALSEcubana. Ponera opaciceps var. cubana Santschi, 1930e: 76 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys pubiceps TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
pubiceps. Leptogenys pubiceps Emery, 1890a: 62 (w.) VENEZUELA. Forel, 1893g: 362 (q.m.). Current subspecies: nominal plus cubaensis, vincentensis.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys pubiceps cubaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcubaensis. Leptogenys pubiceps st. cubaensis Santschi, 1930e: 76 (w.m.) CUBA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista kraatzii TRUE TRUE FALSEkraatzii. Myrmelachista kraatzii Roger, 1863a: 163 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista rogeri TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
rogeri. Myrmelachista rogeri André, 1887: 288 (w.) CUBA. Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 191 (q.). Current subspecies: nominal plus manni, rubriceps.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista rogeri rubriceps TRUE TRUE FALSErubriceps. Myrmelachista rogeri var. rubriceps Mann, 1920: 434 (w.) CUBA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista rogeri manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Myrmelachista rogeri var. manni Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 190 (w.q.) CUBA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia anthracina TRUE TRUE FALSEanthracina. Prenolepis anthracina Roger, 1863a: 161 (w.) CUBA. Santschi, 1930e: 81 (q.m.). Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 501; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 221; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva TRUE TRUE FALSE6 subspecies
fulva. Prenolepis fulva Mayr, 1862: 698 (w.q.) BRAZIL. Forel, 1891b: 94 (m.); Forel, 1912i: 67 (m.). Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1908b: 67; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 122; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Senior synonym of fumata: Wild, 2007b: 45. See also: Fernández, 2000: 146; Fox, et al. 2010: 795. Current subspecies: nominal plus biolleyi, cubana, fumatipennis, incisa, longiscapa, nesiotis.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia myops TRUE TRUE FALSEmyops. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) myops Mann, 1920: 432 (w.q.m.) CUBA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Brown, 1955g: 135; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Senior synonym of troglodytes: Brown, 1955g: 135.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva cubana TRUE TRUE FALSEcubana. Paratrechina (Nylanderia) fulva st. cubana Santschi, 1930e: 81 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus insularis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsularis. Odontomachus insularis Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 423 (w.m.) CUBA. Forel, 1897b: 298 (q.). Subspecies of haematodus: Emery, 1890b: 44 (footnote); Smith, M.R. 1939d: 127. Revived status as species: Taylor & Wilson, 1962: 142. Material of the unavailable names pallens, wheeleri referred here by Brown, 1976a: 104.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla succedanea TRUE TRUE FALSEsuccedanea. Ponera succedanea Roger, 1863a: 170 (w.q.m.) CUBA. Combination in Pachycondyla (Pseudoponera): Emery, 1901a: 46; in Euponera (Trachymesopus): Emery, 1911d: 85; in Trachymesopus: Kempf, 1960f: 424; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 310. Senior synonym of cauta, compressinodis: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 538.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alayoi TRUE TRUE FALSEalayoi. Pheidole alayoi Wilson, 2003: 647, figs. (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bakeri TRUE TRUE FALSEbakeri. Pheidole bakeri Forel, 1912b: 82 (s.w.) CUBA. Subspecies of androsana: Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 491. Revived status as species: Wilson, 2003: 660.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cubaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcubaensis. Pheidole cubaensis Mayr, 1862: 747 (s.w.) CUBA. Senior synonym of grayi Mann: Wilson, 2003: 624.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fallax TRUE TRUE FALSEfallax. Pheidole fallax Mayr, 1870b: 984 (s.) CUBA. Forel, 1881: 9 (w.); Goni, Zolessi & Imai, 1983: 365 (k.). Senior synonym of rubens: Forel, 1901e: 356; of britoi, columbica, fallacior, ovalis: Wilson, 2003: 290.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole flavens TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
flavens. Pheidole flavens Roger, 1863a: 198 (s.w.q.) CUBA. Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 92 (m.). Senior synonym of aechmeae, gracilior, greggi, haytiana, navigans, spei, tuberculata, vincentensis: Wilson, 2003: 419.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole macromischoides TRUE TRUE FALSEmacromischoides. Pheidole macromischoides Wilson, 2003: 718, figs. (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole naylae TRUE TRUE FALSEnaylae. Pheidole naylae Wilson, 2003: 727, figs. (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole similigena TRUE TRUE FALSEsimiligena. Pheidole similigena Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 446 (s.w.) CUBA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 508.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole speculifera TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
speculifera. Pheidole speculifera Emery, 1877b: 373 (s.w.) ETHIOPIA. Santschi, 1930c: 268 (m.); Bernard, 1953b: 223 (q.). [Misspelled as speculifrons by Dalla Torre, 1893: 96.] Current subspecies: nominal plus ascara, bispecula, cubangensis.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole speculifera cubangensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcubangensis. Pheidole crassinoda var. cubangensis Forel, 1901d: 306 (s.) ANGOLA. [Also described as new, misspelled as kubangensis, by Forel, 1903e: 561.] Currently subspecies of speculifera: Forel, 1916: 413.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis creusa TRUE TRUE FALSEcreusa. Polyrhachis creusa Emery, 1897d: 577 (w.) NEW GUINEA. Combination in P. (Campomyrma): Emery, 1925b: 179. Senior synonym of chlorizans, hecuba: Kohout & Taylor, 1990: 514; of distinguenda: Kohout, 1998: 506.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis cubaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcubaensis. Polyrhachis cubaensis Mayr, 1862: 687 (w.) SOUTH AFRICA (not Cuba; see Mayr, 1893: 195). Combination in P. (Myrma): Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 994. Senior synonym of gerstaeckeri, striolatorugosa, wilmsi: Bolton, 1973b: 325.
Formicinae Camponotini Polyrhachis durbanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEdurbanensis. Polyrhachis (Myrma) cubaensis r. durbanensis Forel 1914d: 262 (w.q.) SOUTH AFRICA. Raised to species: Bolton, 1973b: 327.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis albimaculata TRUE TRUE FALSEalbimaculata. Prenolepis gibberosa st. albimaculata Santschi, 1930e: 81 (w.) CUBA. Raised to species: Fontenla Rizo, 2000: 81.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis gibberosa TRUE TRUE FALSEgibberosa. Prenolepis gibberosa Roger, 1863a: 161 (w.) CUBA. Senior synonym of rogeri: Fontenla Rizo, 2000: 82. See also: Mann, 1920: 433.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis karstica TRUE TRUE FALSEkarstica. Prenolepis karstica Fontenla Rizo, 2000: 84, fig. 5 (w.) CUBA.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium cubanum TRUE TRUE FALSEcubanum. Proceratium cubanum De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 194, fig. 83 (w.) CUBA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex cubaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcubaensis. Pseudomyrma elongata var. cubaensis Forel, 1901e: 342 (w.) CUBA. Forel, 1913l: 215 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 384 (l., misidentified as elongatus). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Creighton, 1957b: 18. Junior synonym of elongatus: Creighton, 1957b: 18. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Ward, 1985b: 226. See also: Ward, 1989: 413.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex pazosi TRUE TRUE FALSEpazosi. Pseudomyrma pazosi Santschi, 1909a: 309 (w.q.) CUBA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386 (l.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386. Subspecies of flavidulus: Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 484; Mann, 1920: 406. Revived status as species and senior synonym of jaumei: Ward, 1989: 441.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica convexiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEconvexiceps. Strumigenys (Codiomyrmex) convexiceps Santschi, 1931c: 277, figs. 9, 10 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Codiomyrmex: Weber, 1934a: 52; in Glamyromyrmex: Brown, 1948e: 116; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 208.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica gundlachi TRUE TRUE FALSEgundlachi. Pyramica gundlachi Roger, 1862a: 253, pl. 1, fig. 18 (w.) CUBA. Brown, 1960b: 44 (q.). Combination in Strumigenys: Roger, 1863b: 40; in S. (Pyramica): Brown, 1948e: 110; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Senior synonym of banillensis, berlesei, bierigi, infuscata, isthmica, vincentensis: Brown, 1960b: 40. See also: Bolton, 2000: 186.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica nitens TRUE TRUE FALSEnitens. Strumigenys (Codiomyrmex) nitens Santschi, 1932e: 413, fig. 2 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Codiomyrmex Weber, 1934a: 52; in Dorisidris: Brown, 1948e: 116; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 208.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica simulans TRUE TRUE FALSEsimulans. Epitritus (Codioxenus) simulans Santschi, 1931c: 278, figs. 11, 12 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Codioxenus: Brown, 1948e: 123; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 230.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria brunnea TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunnea. Rogeria (Rogeria) curvipubens st. brunnea Santschi, 1930e: 79 (w.) CUBA. Kugler, C. 1994: 49 (q.). Raised to species: Santschi, 1936b: 201. Senior synonym of caraiba, cubensis, habanica, scabra: Kugler, C. 1994: 48.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis corticalis virgula TRUE TRUE FALSEvirgula. Solenopsis corticalis var. virgula Forel, 1904d: 172 (w.) CUBA. Menozzi, 1929a: 2 (q.).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis corticalis binotata TRUE TRUE FALSEbinotata. Solenopsis corticalis var. binotata Mann, 1920: 428 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis globularia steinheili TRUE TRUE FALSEsteinheili. Solenopsis steinheili Forel, 1881: 11 (w.) ANTILLES. Junior synonym of globularia: Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 130; Emery, 1922e: 199. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of globularia and senior synonym of borinquenensis, cubaensis: Creighton, 1930b: 116.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys incuba TRUE TRUE FALSEincuba. Strumigenys incuba Bolton, 2000: 541, fig. 320 (w.) COLOMBIA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys louisianae TRUE TRUE FALSElouisianae. Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863a: 211 (w.) U.S.A. Emery, 1895c: 326 (q.); Haug, 1932: 170 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 136 (l.). Senior synonym of unispinulosa: Emery, 1895c: 326; Brown, 1953g: 28; of laticephala: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 826; Brown, 1953g: 28; of bruchi, costaricensis, cubaensis, guatemalensis, longicornis, obscuriventris, soledadensis: Brown, 1953g: 28; of clasmospongia, fusca, unidentata: Brown, 1961a: 64; of producta: Bolton, 2000: 524; of wani: Bolton, Sosa-Calvo, et al. 2008: 62. See also: Wilson, 1954: 481; Bolton, 2000: 525.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma litorale TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
litorale. Tapinoma litorale Wheeler, W.M. 1905b: 109 (w.q.m.) BAHAMAS. Current subspecies: nominal plus cubaense.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma litorale cubaense TRUE TRUE FALSEcubaense. Tapinoma litorale var. cubaensis Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 498 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax abeli TRUE TRUE FALSEabeli. Leptothorax abeli Fontenla Rizo, 1998: 62, fig. 1 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax alayoi TRUE TRUE FALSEalayoi. Leptothorax alayoi Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 411, figs. 26, 83 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax alayorum TRUE TRUE FALSEalayorum. Macromischa alayorum Fontenla Rizo, 1993: 2, fig. 1 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax banao TRUE TRUE FALSEbanao. Leptothorax banao Fontenla Rizo, 1998: 63, fig. 2 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax barbouri TRUE TRUE FALSEbarbouri. Macromischa barbouri Aguayo, 1931: 176 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 427; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax barroi TRUE TRUE FALSEbarroi. Macromischa (Croesomyrmex) barroi Aguayo, 1931: 179 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 428; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax bermudezi TRUE TRUE FALSEbermudezi. Croesomyrmex bermudezi Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 26 (w.) CUBA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955b: 18 (l.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 429; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of mutabilis: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 429; of anemicus: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 49.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax bruneri TRUE TRUE FALSEbruneri. Macromischa (Macromischa) bruneri Mann, 1924: 19 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 431; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of imitatrix, ornatipes, proxima: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 431.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax creightoni TRUE TRUE FALSEcreightoni. Macromischa creightoni Mann, 1929: 163, fig. 2 (w.q.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 434; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax cuyagueteje TRUE TRUE FALSEcuyagueteje. Leptothorax cuyagueteje Fontenla Rizo, 1998: 65, fig. 3 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax darlingtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEdarlingtoni. Macromischa darlingtoni Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 450 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 438; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of opalina: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 50.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax dissimilis TRUE TRUE FALSEdissimilis. Macromischa dissimilis Aguayo, 1932: 220 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 439; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of chloana: Brown, 1959e: 74.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax gibbifer TRUE TRUE FALSEgibbifer. Leptothorax gibbifer Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 444, figs. 56, 132 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax gundlachi TRUE TRUE FALSEgundlachi. Macromischa gundlachi Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 488 (w.) CUBA. Combination in M. (Croesomyrmex): Mann, 1920: 408; in Croesomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 446; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of aguayoi: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 50.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax imias TRUE TRUE FALSEimias. Leptothorax imias Fontenla Rizo, 1998: 66, figs. 4, 5 (w.q.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax iris TRUE TRUE FALSEiris. Macromischa iris Roger, 1863a: 188 (w.) CUBA. Combination in M. (Croesomyrmex): Mann, 1920: 408; in Croesomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 23; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 454; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.Senior synonym of nigripes: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 24; of rufithorax, tristis: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 454.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax laetus TRUE TRUE FALSElaetus. Macromischa affinis subsp. laeta Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 456 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 501; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Junior synonym of similis: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 501. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Snelling, R.R. 1986: 154. Senior synonym of maerens, similis: Snelling, R.R. 1986: 154; of umbratipes: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 51.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax mortoni TRUE TRUE FALSEmortoni. Macromischa mortoni Aguayo, 1937: 235, fig. 1 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 462; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax myersi TRUE TRUE FALSEmyersi. Macromischa myersi Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 20 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 465; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax nipensis TRUE TRUE FALSEnipensis. Leptothorax nipensis Fontenla Rizo, 1998: 67, fig. 6 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax platycnemis TRUE TRUE FALSEplatycnemis. Macromischa platycnemis Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 452 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 476; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax poeyi TRUE TRUE FALSEpoeyi. Macromischa poeyi Wheeler, W.M. 1913b: 489 (w.) CUBA. Combination in M. (Croesomyrmex): Mann, 1920: 408; in Croesomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 26; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 477; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.Senior synonym of rugiceps: Fontenla Rizo, 1997a: 52.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax porphyritis TRUE TRUE FALSEporphyritis. Macromischa porphyritis Roger, 1863a: 185 (w.) CUBA. Mann, 1929: 162 (q.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 480; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of jaumei, latispina: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 480. See also: Mann, 1920: 413; Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 17.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax punicans TRUE TRUE FALSEpunicans. Macromischa punicans Roger, 1863a: 189 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Aphaenogaster: Emery, 1896a: 103; in Pheidole: Emery, 1915d: 67; in Macromischa: Mann, 1920: 418; in Croesomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 22; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 484; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax purpuratus TRUE TRUE FALSEpurpuratus. Macromischa purpurata Roger, 1863a: 184 (w.) CUBA. Mann, 1920: 411 (q.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 486; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax schwarzi TRUE TRUE FALSEschwarzi. Macromischa (Macromischa) schwarzi Mann, 1920: 415 (q.) CUBA. Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 497 (w.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 497; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax senectutis TRUE TRUE FALSEsenectutis. Leptothorax senectutis Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 499, figs. 24, 121 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax squamifer TRUE TRUE FALSEsquamifer. Macromischa squamifera Roger, 1863a: 186 (w.) CUBA. Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 509 (q.m.). Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 508; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of atrinodis: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 21.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax terricola TRUE TRUE FALSEterricola. Macromischa (Antillaemyrmex) terricola Mann, 1920: 423, fig. 7 (w.q.) CUBA. Combination in Antillaemyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 518; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax torrei TRUE TRUE FALSEtorrei. Macromischa (Antillaemyrmex) torrei Aguayo, 1931: 178 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 520; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax versicolor TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
versicolor. Macromischa versicolor Roger, 1863a: 187 (w.) CUBA. Mann, 1929: 166 (q.); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 524 (m.). Combination in M. (Croesomyrmex): Mann, 1920: 421; in Croesomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 523; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of lugens (and its junior synonym nigra): Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 523. Current subspecies: nominal plus guanahacabibes.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax villarensis TRUE TRUE FALSEvillarensis. Macromischa manni var. villarensis Aguayo, 1931: 177 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. Raised to species, first available replacement name for manni Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 19 [Junior secondary homonym of manni Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 53.] and senior synonym of williami: Snelling, R.R. 1986: 155.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax violaceus TRUE TRUE FALSEviolaceus. Macromischa (Macromischa) violacea Mann, 1924: 20 (w.) CUBA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 526; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Macromischa (Croesomyrmex) wheeleri Mann, 1920: 422, fig. 6 (w.q.) CUBA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955b: 18 (l.); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 529 (m.). Combination in Croesomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 527; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. Senior synonym of petri: Brown, 1959e: 73.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax versicolor guanahacabibes TRUE TRUE FALSEguanahacabibes. Leptothorax versicolor subsp. guanahacabibes Fontenla Rizo, 1995a: 53 (w.) CUBA.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex bariay TRUE TRUE FALSEbariay. Thaumatomyrmex bariay Fontenla Rizo, 1995c: 20 (w.) CUBA. See also: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003a: 270.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex cochlearis TRUE TRUE FALSEcochlearis. Thaumatomyrmex cochlearis Creighton, 1928: 163, fig. 1 (w.) CUBA. See also: Kempf, 1975b: 110; Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003a: 267.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex mandibularis TRUE TRUE FALSEmandibularis. Thaumatomyrmex mandibularis Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003a: 272, figs. 4, 5 (w.) CUBA.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex nageli TRUE TRUE FALSEnageli. Thaumatomyrmex nageli Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003a: 265, fig. 1 (w.) CUBA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
jamaicensis. Atta (Acromyrmex) jamaicensis André, 1893b: 149 (w.) JAMAICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 713 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 674 (l.). Combination in Atta (Trachymyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 712; in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. Senior synonym of cubaensis, frontalis, maritima, sharpii: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2007: 13. Current subspecies: nominal plus antiguensis. See also: Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 41; Rabeling, Cover, et al. 2007: 11.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia auropunctata TRUE TRUE FALSEauropunctata. Tetramorium auropunctatum Roger, 1863a: 182 (w.q.m.) CUBA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954d: 444 (l.). Combination in Ochetomyrmex: Forel, 1886b: xlix; in Wasmannia: Forel, 1893g: 383. Senior synonym of atomum: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 912; of glabra: Kempf, 1964e: 66; of panamana: Brown, 1948d: 102; of australis, laevifrons, nigricans, obscura, pulla, rugosa: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 276.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Xenomyrmex floridanus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
floridanus. Xenomyrmex stolli subsp. floridanus Emery, 1895c: 275 (w.m.) U.S.A. Wheeler, W.M. 1931a: 136 (q.). Raised to species: Creighton, 1957c: 6. Senior synonym of rufescens: Creighton, 1950a: 226; of cubanus, lucayanus: Creighton, 1957c: 6. Current subspecies: nominal plus skwarrae.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cecconii TRUE TRUE FALSEcecconii. Camponotus maculatus subsp. cecconii Emery, 1908a: 198 (s.w.) CYPRUS. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 101. Subspecies of sylvaticus: Emery, 1920c: 7. Raised to species: Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus kiesenwetteri cyprius TRUE TRUE FALSEcyprius. Camponotus (Orthonotomyrmex) kiesenwetteri var. cypria Emery, 1920c: 26 (w.) CYPRUS. Combination in C. (Myrmentoma): Emery, 1925b: 121.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus lateralis cypridis TRUE TRUE FALSEcypridis. Camponotus (Myrmentoma) lateralis var. cypridis Santschi, 1939c: 6 (s.w.q.m.) CYPRUS.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster jehovae cypria TRUE TRUE FALSEcypria. Crematogaster (Acrocoelia) jehovae var. cypria Santschi, 1930c: 266 (w.) CYPRUS.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster inermis aphrodite TRUE TRUE FALSEaphrodite. Crematogaster (Acrocoelia) inermis var. aphrodite Santschi, 1937e: 298, figs. 2, 17 (w.q.m.) CYPRUS.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis fugax cypridis TRUE TRUE FALSEcypridis. Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) fugax var. cypridis Santschi, 1934e: 584, fig. 47 (w.q.m.) CYPRUS.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma simrothi phoeniceum TRUE TRUE FALSEphoeniceum. Tapinoma simrothi var. phoenicea Emery, 1925d: 50, fig. 3 (w.q.m.) CYPRUS. See also: Shattuck, 1994: 154.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax bulgaricus cypridis TRUE TRUE FALSEcypridis. Leptothorax bulgaricus st. cypridis Santschi, 1930c: 266 (w.q.) CYPRUS.
Dolichoderinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 28 genera, 692 species, 130 subspecies
Fossil: 16 genera, 103 species
Dolichoderidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Dolichoderus.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 127 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Dolichoderinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 18, 80.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.
Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.
Subfamily Dolichoderinae and tribes references, world
Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).
Formicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 49 genera, 2,831 species, 839 subspecies
Fossil: 29 genera, 193 species, 1 subspecies
Formicariae Latreille, 1809: 124. Type-genus: Formica.
Taxonomic history
Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].
Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Formicinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 20, 93.
Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Formicinae as formicoid formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).
Subfamily Formicinae references, world
Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 141 genera, 6,087 species, 864 subspecies
Fossil: 31 genera, 130 species
Myrmicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169. Type-genus: Myrmica.
Taxonomic history
Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].
Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Myrmicidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Myrmicinae as myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 52, 182.
Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.
Myrmicinae as formicoid myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.
Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.
Collective group name in Myrmicinae: †Myrmicites.
Subfamily Myrmicinae references, world
Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).
Ponerinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 27 genera, 1,033 species, 155 subspecies
Fossil: 9 genera, 68 species, 2 subspecies
Ponerites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185. Type-genus: Ponera.
Taxonomic history
Ponerinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185 [Ponérites].
Ponerinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1858b: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894g: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895j: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899c: 2; Emery, 1901a: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134; Emery, 1911d: 2; Wheeler, 1915g: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.
Ponerinae as poneromorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 42, 156.
Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette, Fisher, et al. 2006: 365; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ponerinae: Platythyreini, Ponerini, Thaumatomyrmecini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Ponerinae: †Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia.
Subfamily Ponerinae references, world
Smith, F. 1858b: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses), Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911d: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi, Agosti & Carpenter, 1997: 20 (†Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette, Fisher et al. 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
.
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 170 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882b: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900c: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918b: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972a: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csösz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 256 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 131 species, 10 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831b: 106. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrmex in Pseudomyrmecinae: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PSEUDOMYRMEX
Leptalea Erichson, 1839: 309. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
Leptalea in Pseudomyrmecinae: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656.
Leptalea as junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
[Leptalaea Spinola, 1851b: 52 and Spinola, 1853: 68, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
[Pseudomyrmex and Leptalea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Pseudomyrma Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma bicolor, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrma in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 153.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 328; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Myrmeciidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Pseudomyrminae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 86; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Pseudomyrma in Pseudomyrminae: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 654; Donisthorpe, 1941d: 27; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudomyrma as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; Kempf, 1972a: 214; Ward, 1990: 469; Bolton, 1994: 184.
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427. Type-species: Myrmex perboscii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Myrmex Sturm, 1826: 32 (Coleoptera).]
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Clavanoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Clavanoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469. [Pseudomyrmex and Clavanoda share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Ornatinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ornatinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Triangulinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma spinicola, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Triangulinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Apedunculata Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apedunculata as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Latinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma latinoda, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Latinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Genus Pseudomyrmex references
Smith, F. 1858b: 153 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 24 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 451 (Leptalea, Pseudomyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 407 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Smith, 1877b: 58 (checklist); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 55 (catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 28 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1932a: 44 (Argentina species key); Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 (all species keys); Creighton, 1950a: 79 (North America species key); Kempf, 1961a: 373 (P. gracilis group, partial key); Kempf, 1972a: 215 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 9 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1345 (North America catalogue); Ward, 1985b: 215 (Nearctic species key); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Ward, 1989: 407 (P. oculatus group, key); Ward, 1989: 430 (P. subtilissimus group, key); Ward, 1990: 469 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Ward, 1992: 76 (†Dominican Amber species key); Ward, 1993: 130 (swollen-thorn Acacia-associated species key); Bolton, 1994: 184 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 370 (catalogue); Ward, 1999b: 473 (P. viduus group, and other Tachigali- and Triplaris-associated species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 94 species
Fossil: 8 species
Anochetus Mayr, 1861: 53. Type-species: Odontomachus ghilianii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anochetus in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 712; Mayr, 1865: 11.
Anochetus in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Anochetus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1861: 53 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 47.
Anochetus in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 106; Arnold, 1915: 103; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 31; Wilson, 1959a: 483; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Jaffe, 1993: 8.
Anochetus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Brown, 1976a: 71; Brown, 1978c: 550 [subtribe Odontomachiti]; Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 159.
Junior synonyms of ANOCHETUS
Stenomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 711. Type-species: Myrmecia emarginata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 173.
Taxonomic history
Stenomyrmex in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 711; Mayr, 1865: 11.
Stenomyrmex in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Stenomyrmex as subgenus of Anochetus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 47; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 47; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 110; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Borgmeier, 1923: 76; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 728; Kempf, 1972a: 21.
Stenomyrmex as junior synonym of Anochetus: Forel, 1887: 382; Brown, 1978c: 552; all subsequent authors.
Myrmapatetes Wheeler, W.M. 1929b: 6. Type-species: Myrmapatetes filicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmapatetes in Dolichoderinae: Wheeler, W.M. 1929b: 7; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 186.
Myrmapatetes as junior synonym of Anochetus: Brown, 1953h: 2.
Genus Anochetus references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 22 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Anochetus, Stenomyrmex diagnoses); André, 1882b: 230 (Europe & Algeria species); Emery, 1884a: 378 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 47 (catalogue); Emery, 1894c: 185 (Neotropical species key); Forel, 1900c: 58 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 39 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 107 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 103 (South Africa species key); Gallardo, 1918b: 90 (Argentina species key); Mann, 1919: 303 (New Guinea & Solomon Is species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 96, 790, 1012 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 9 (Stenomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 39 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1959a: 503 (Melanesia & Moluccas species, revision, key); Kempf, 1964f: 244 (A. (Stenomyrmex) species key); Kempf, 1972a: 20 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1978c: 552, 565, 569, 571 (diagnosis & review of genus, Malesian species, Austral, Palaearctic, Afrotropical & Malagasy species, Neotropical species keys); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 20 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 7 (Australia checklist); Terayama, 1989a: 26 (Taiwan species key); Brandão, 1991: 324 (Neotropical catalogue); Wang, M. 1993a: 226 (China species key); De Andrade, 1994: 24 (†Dominican Amber species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 63 (catalogue); Gronenberg & Ehmer, 1996: 183 (mandible morphology); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 309 (Saudi Arabia species key); Shattuck, 1999: 181 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 29 (China, Guangxi species key); Kugler, J. & Ionescu, 2007: 298 (Mediterraean & Middle East species key); Fisher & Smith, 2008: 4 (Malagasy species revision, key); González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008: 98 (Argentina & Paraguay species key); Zabala, in Fernández, 2008: 125 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 117 (Taiwan species key).
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 66 species
Fossil: 2 species
Odontomachus Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica haematoda, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Odontomachus in Ponérites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185.
Odontomachus in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1857a: 64; Smith, F. 1858b: 76.
Odontomachus in Formicidae, Odontomachidae: Mayr, 1862: 711; Mayr, 1865: 11; Smith, F. 1871a: 319.
Odontomachus in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Odontomachus in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 49.
Odontomachus in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1895b: 118; Forel, 1899c: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 111; Arnold, 1915: 108; Forel, 1917: 238; Gallardo, 1918b: 93; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 676; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 42; Kempf, 1972a: 170; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Jaffe, 1993: 8.
Odontomachus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Brown, 1976a: 70 [subtribe Odontomachiti]; Bolton, 1994: 164.
Junior synonyms of ODONTOMACHUS
Pedetes Bernstein, 1861: 7. Type-species: Pedetes macrorhynchus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pedetes as junior synonym of Odontomachus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 51; all subsequent authors.
Champsomyrmex Emery, 1892d: 558 (footnote). Type-species: Odontomachus coquereli, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Champsomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 49.
Champsomyrmex in Odontomachidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Champsomyrmex in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Emery, 1895j: 768; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 136; Emery, 1911d: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 632.
Champsomyrmex as subgenus of Odontomachus: Forel, 1893a: 163 (misspelled as Thempsomyrmex); Forel, 1917: 238.
Champsomyrmex as genus: Emery, 1892d: 558 (footnote); Dalla Torre, 1893: 49; Emery, 1911d: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 653.
Champsomyrmex as junior synonym of Odontomachus: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Brown, 1976a: 96.
Myrtoteras Matsumura, 1912: 191. Type-species: Myrtoteras kuroiwae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrtoteras in Ponerinae, Odontomachini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 672.
Myrtoteras as junior synonym of Odontomachus: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Brown, 1976a: 96.
Genus Odontomachus references
Roger, 1863b: 21 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 436 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 11 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1892d: 559 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 49 (catalogue); Forel, 1900c: 57 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 47 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1911d: 111 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1918b: 95 (Argentina species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 99, 792, 1013 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Creighton, 1950a: 55 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 42 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1959a: 485 (Melanesia & Moluccas species revision, key); Kempf, 1962b: 17 (Neotropical species key); Kempf, 1972a: 170 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1976a: 111, 114, 117 (New World species, Malesian & Austral species, Afrotropical & Malagasy species keys); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1344 (North America catalogue); Deyrup, Trager & Carlin, 1985: 188 (Southeastern U.S.A. species, review); Brown, 1978b: 281 (supplement to Brown, 1976a); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 36 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 48 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Wang, M. 1993: 220 (China species key); De Andrade, 1994: 24 (†Dominican Amber species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 294 (catalogue); Gronenberg, 1995: 391 (mandible morphology); Shattuck, 1999: 194 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 25 (China, Guangxi species key); Bolton, 2003: 164 (synopsis); Deyrup & Cover, 2004b: 141 (U.S.A. species key); Yoshimura, Onoyama & Ogata, 2007: 89 (Japan species key); Fisher & Smith, 2008: 13 (Malagasy species revision, key); Rodríguez, in Fernández, 2008: 151 (Neotropical species key); Sorger & Zettel, 2011: 143 (Philippines species key).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus poinari TRUE TRUE TRUE†poinari. †Acanthognathus poinari Baroni Urbani, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 41, figs. 20, 21, 26, 27 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). See also: Bolton, 2000: 17.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus hispaniolicus TRUE TRUE TRUE†hispaniolicus. †Acanthostichus hispaniolicus De Andrade, 1998c: 272, figs. 1, 2 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga glaesaria TRUE TRUE TRUE†glaesaria. †Acropyga glaesaria LaPolla, 2005: 22, figs. 1-3 (q.m.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus ambiguus TRUE TRUE TRUE†ambiguus. †Anochetus ambiguus De Andrade, 1994: 17, fig. 18 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus brevidentatus TRUE TRUE TRUE†brevidentatus. †Anochetus brevidentatus Mackay, 1991: 138, figs. 1-3, 8 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). See also: De Andrade, 1994: 19.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus conisquamis TRUE TRUE TRUE†conisquamis. †Anochetus conisquamis De Andrade, 1994: 22, fig. 20 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus corayi TRUE TRUE TRUE†corayi. †Anochetus corayi Baroni Urbani, 1980c: 2, figs. 1-4 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus dubius TRUE TRUE TRUE†dubius. †Anochetus dubius De Andrade, 1994: 15, fig. 17 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus exstinctus TRUE TRUE TRUE†exstinctus. †Anochetus exstinctus De Andrade, 1994: 11, fig. 15 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus intermedius TRUE TRUE TRUE†intermedius. †Anochetus intermedius De Andrade, 1994: 13, fig. 16 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus lucidus TRUE TRUE TRUE†lucidus. †Anochetus lucidus De Andrade, 1994: 19, fig. 19 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster amphioceanica TRUE TRUE TRUE†amphioceanica. †Aphaenogaster amphioceanica De Andrade, 1995: 4, figs. 1, 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma electropilosum TRUE TRUE TRUE†electropilosum. †Apterostigma electropilosum Schultz, 2007: 426, figs. 1, 2 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma eowilsoni TRUE TRUE TRUE†eowilsoni. †Apterostigma eowilsoni Schultz, 2007: 427, figs. 3-5 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca alpha TRUE TRUE TRUE†alpha. †Azteca alpha Wilson, 1985c: 58, figs. 5-8 (w.q.m.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca eumeces TRUE TRUE TRUE†eumeces. †Azteca eumeces Wilson, 1985c: 31, fig. 9 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus dominicensis TRUE TRUE FALSEdominicensis. Camponotus maculatus subsp. dominicensis Wheeler, W.M. 1913d: 244 (s.w.) DOMINICA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Currently subspecies of fumidus: Santschi, 1922c: 101.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes alveolatus TRUE TRUE TRUE†alveolatus. †Zacryptocerus alveolatus Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 166, fig. 9 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 537.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes argentiventris TRUE TRUE FALSEargentiventris. Cephalotes argentiventris De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 104, fig. 35 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes auricomus TRUE TRUE FALSEauricomus. Hypocryptocerus haemorroidalis susbp. auricomus Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 202 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 91 (q.m.). Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 328. Raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 89. See also: Kempf, 1951: 148.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes bloosi TRUE TRUE TRUE†bloosi. †Cephalotes bloosi Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 549, figs. 14C, 258 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes brevispineus TRUE TRUE TRUE†brevispineus. †Cephalotes brevispineus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 240, figs. 14A, 99 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes caribicus TRUE TRUE TRUE†caribicus. †Cephalotes caribicus De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 418, figs. 15C, 191 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes dieteri TRUE TRUE TRUE†dieteri. †Cephalotes dieteri Baroni Urbani, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 547, figs. 16A, 257 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes flavigaster TRUE TRUE FALSEflavigaster. Cephalotes flavigaster De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 108, fig. 37 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes hamulus TRUE TRUE FALSEhamulus. Cryptocerus hamulus Roger, 1863a: 209 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Kempf, 1951: 149 (m.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 86 (q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Hypocryptocerus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 201; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 84. Junior synonym of haemorrhoidalis: Emery, 1924d: 307; Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 162. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of haemorrhoidalis: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 201. Senior synonym of haytianus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 201; Kempf, 1951: 149. Revived status as species and senior synonym of affinis: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 84.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes hispaniolicus TRUE TRUE TRUE†hispaniolicus. †Cephalotes hispaniolicus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 298, figs. 13D, 127 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes integerrimus TRUE TRUE TRUE†integerrimus. †Zacryptocerus integerrimus Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 162, fig. 5 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 545.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes jansei TRUE TRUE TRUE†jansei. †Exocryptocerus jansei Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 161, fig. 4 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 526.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes obscurus TRUE TRUE TRUE†obscurus. †Zacryptocerus obscurus Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 164, fig. 8 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 542.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes resinae TRUE TRUE FALSEresinae. Cephalotes resinae De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 96, figs. 12B, 32 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (in copal).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes serratus TRUE TRUE TRUE†serratus. †Exocryptocerus serratus Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 159, fig. 1 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 522. Senior synonym of †elevatus, †truncatus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 522.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes squamosus TRUE TRUE TRUE†squamosus. †Zacryptocerus squamosus Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995: 163, fig. 6 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 300. Senior synonym of †pseudoaztecus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 300.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes sucinus TRUE TRUE TRUE†sucinus. †Cephalotes sucinus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 540, figs. 13A-C, 253 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes taino TRUE TRUE FALSEtaino. Cephalotes taino De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 106, fig. 36 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (in copal).
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster russoi TRUE TRUE FALSErussoi. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) russoi Menozzi, in Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 155, fig. 2 (w.) DOMINICA.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex antillanus TRUE TRUE TRUE†antillanus. †Cylindromyrmex antillanus De Andrade, 1998a: 639, figs. 1, 28 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex electrinus TRUE TRUE TRUE†electrinus. †Cylindromyrmex electrinus De Andrade, 1998a: 619, figs. 2, 18 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex inopinatus TRUE TRUE TRUE†inopinatus. †Cylindromyrmex inopinatus De Andrade, 2001: 52, figs. 1-3 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex taino TRUE TRUE TRUE†taino. †Cyphomyrmex taino De Andrade, 2003: 135, fig. 2 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Discothyrea gigas TRUE TRUE TRUE†gigas. †Discothyrea gigas De Andrade, 1998b: 205, figs. 1-3, 5, 6 (w.q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus caribbaeus TRUE TRUE TRUE†caribbaeus. †Monacis caribbaea Wilson, 1985c: 19, fig. 2 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 44.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus dibolius TRUE TRUE TRUE†dibolius. †Dolichoderus dibolia Wilson, 1985c: 18, fig. 1 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). See also: Mackay, 1993b: 49.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus intermedius TRUE TRUE FALSEintermedius. Dolichoderus intermedius Mackay, 1993b: 64, fig. 6 (w.) DOMINICA.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus primitivus TRUE TRUE TRUE†primitivus. †Hypoclinea primitiva Wilson, 1985c: 22, fig. 4 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 83.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus prolaminatus TRUE TRUE TRUE†prolaminatus. †Monacis prolaminata Wilson, 1985c: 20, fig. 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys brunoi TRUE TRUE TRUE†brunoi. †Gnamptogenys brunoi Lattke, 2002: 137, fig. 2 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys casca TRUE TRUE TRUE†casca. †Gnamptogenys casca Lattke, 2002: 138, fig. 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys falcaria TRUE TRUE FALSEfalcaria. Gnamptogenys falcaria Lattke, 2002: 139, fig. 4 (q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys insularis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsularis. Gnamptogenys insularis Lattke, 2002: 140, fig. 5 (w.q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys levinates TRUE TRUE TRUE†levinates. †Gnamptogenys levinates Baroni Urbani, 1980e: 5, figs. 5-8 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys lineolata TRUE TRUE FALSElineolata. Gnamptogenys lineolata Brown, 1993: 275, figs. 1, 2 (w.) DOMINICA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys pristina TRUE TRUE TRUE†pristina. †Gnamptogenys pristina Baroni Urbani, 1980e: 2, figs. 1-4 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys semiferox TRUE TRUE FALSEsemiferox. Gnamptogenys semiferox Brown, 1958g: 324, fig. 14 (w.) DOMINICA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Gracilidris humiloides TRUE TRUE TRUE†humiloides. †Iridomyrmex humiloides Wilson, 1985c: 33, fig. 11 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16; in Gracilidris: Wild & Cuezzo, 2006: 66.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Ilemomyrmex caecus TRUE TRUE TRUE†caecus. †Ilemomyrmex caecus Wilson, 1985a: 3, figs. 1, 2 (w.q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Leptomyrmex neotropicus TRUE TRUE TRUE†neotropicus. †Leptomyrmex neotropicus Baroni Urbani, 1980d: 4, figs. 1-5 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Camponotus: Wilson, 1985c: 34; in Leptomyrmex: Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 2. See also: Lucky & Ward, 2010: 62.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex ectopus TRUE TRUE TRUE†ectopus. †Neivamyrmex ectopus Wilson, 1985b: 11, figs. 1, 2 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex caritatis TRUE TRUE TRUE†caritatis. †Leptothorax caritatis De Andrade, in De Andrade, Baroni Urbani, Brandão & Wagensberg, 1999: 134, figs. 1, 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex dominicanus TRUE TRUE TRUE†dominicanus. †Leptothorax dominicanus De Andrade, in De Andrade, Baroni Urbani, Brandão & Wagensberg, 1999: 137, figs. 2, 4 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia vetula TRUE TRUE TRUE†vetula.†Nylanderia vetula LaPolla & Dlussky, 2010: 263, fig. 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus pseudobauri TRUE TRUE TRUE†pseudobauri. †Odonotomachus pseudobauri De Andrade, 1994: 9, fig. 14 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus spinifer TRUE TRUE TRUE†spinifer. †Odontomachus spinifer De Andrade, 1994: 7, fig. 13 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Oxyidris antillana TRUE TRUE TRUE†antillana. †Oxyidris antillana Wilson, 1985a: 5, fig. 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Paraponerinae Paraponerini Paraponera dieteri TRUE TRUE TRUE†dieteri. †Paraponera dieteri Baroni Urbani, 1994: 5, figs. 1, 2 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole drepanon TRUE TRUE FALSEdrepanon. Pheidole drepanon Wilson, 2003: 409, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole harlequina TRUE TRUE FALSEharlequina. Pheidole harlequina Wilson, 2003: 432, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hispaniolae TRUE TRUE FALSEhispaniolae. Pheidole hispaniolae Wilson, 2003: 707, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laudatana TRUE TRUE FALSElaudatana. Pheidole laudatana Wilson, 2003: 715, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole noar TRUE TRUE FALSEnoar. Pheidole noar Wilson, 2003: 210, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole perkinsi TRUE TRUE FALSEperkinsi. Pheidole perkinsi Wilson, 2003: 485, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole primigenia TRUE TRUE TRUE†primigenia. †Pheidole primigenia Baroni Urbani, 1995: 9, figs. 1-3, 5-7 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tethepa TRUE TRUE TRUE†tethepa. †Pheidole tethepa Wilson, 1985a: 5, figs. 4, 5 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). See also: Baroni Urbani, 1995: 13.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea dentata TRUE TRUE TRUE†dentata. †Platythyrea dentata Lattke, 2003: 108, figs. 2, 5 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea procera TRUE TRUE TRUE†procera. †Platythyrea procera Lattke, 2003: 109, fig. 1 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea pumilio TRUE TRUE TRUE†pumilio. †Platythyrea pumilio De Andrade, 2004: 644 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea scalpra TRUE TRUE TRUE†scalpra. †Platythyrea scalprum Lattke, 2003: 110, figs. 3, 4 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium denticulatum TRUE TRUE TRUE†denticulatum. †Proceratium denticulatum Lattke, 1991b: 101, figs. 1, 2 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). See also: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 66.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium dominicanum TRUE TRUE TRUE†dominicanum. †Proceratium dominicanum De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 182, figs. 4-6, 11-13 (q.m.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium gibberum TRUE TRUE TRUE†gibberum. †Proceratium gibberum De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 68, fig. 14 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium longiscapus TRUE TRUE FALSElongiscapus. Proceratium longiscapus De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 190, figs. 81, 82 (q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium poinari TRUE TRUE TRUE†poinari. †Proceratium poinari Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 178, figs. 7-10, 15-23, 25 (w.q.m.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium taino TRUE TRUE FALSEtaino. Proceratium taino De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 186, fig. 80 (w.q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex antiquus TRUE TRUE TRUE†antiquus. †Pseudomyrmex antiquus Ward, 1992: 57, figs. 1, 12 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex avitus TRUE TRUE TRUE†avitus. †Pseudomyrmex avitus Ward, 1992: 59, fig. 11 (w.m.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex baros TRUE TRUE TRUE†baros. †Pseudomyrmex baros Ward, 1992: 63, figs. 2, 13 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex coruscus TRUE TRUE TRUE†coruscus. †Pseudomyrmex coruscus Ward, 1992: 65, fig. 3 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex macrops TRUE TRUE TRUE†macrops. †Pseudomyrmex macrops Ward, 1992: 66, figs. 4, 14 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex nexilis TRUE TRUE TRUE†nexilis. †Pseudomyrmex nexilis Ward, 1992: 68, figs. 5, 17 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex oryctus TRUE TRUE TRUE†oryctus. †Pseudomyrmex oryctus Ward, 1992: 69, figs. 7, 15 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex prioris TRUE TRUE TRUE†prioris. †Pseudomyrmex prioris Ward, 1992: 70, figs. 8, 16 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex succinus TRUE TRUE TRUE†succinus. †Pseudomyrmex succinus Ward, 1992: 71, figs. 9, 18 (w.q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex thecolor TRUE TRUE TRUE†thecolor. †Pseudomyrmex thecolor Ward, 1992: 73, figs. 6, 19 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex vicinus TRUE TRUE TRUE†vicinus. †Pseudomyrmex vicinus Ward, 1992: 74, fig. 20 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica electrina TRUE TRUE TRUE†electrina. †Strumigenys electrina De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 38, figs. 17, 18, 24, 25 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Smithistruma: Bolton, 1995b: 384; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica pilosula TRUE TRUE TRUE†pilosula. †Strumigenys pilosula De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 168, figs. 58-60 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER. Combination in Pyramica (unpublished).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica poinari TRUE TRUE TRUE†poinari. Strumigenys poinari Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 173, figs. 61, 62 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER. Combination in Pyramica (unpublished).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica schleeorum TRUE TRUE TRUE†schleeorum. †Strumigenys schleeorum Baroni Urbani, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1994: 35, figs. 19, 22, 23 (q.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Smithistruma: Bolton, 1995b: 385; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis enigmatica TRUE TRUE FALSEenigmatica. Solenopsis enigmatica Deyrup & Prusak, 2008: 71, figs. 1-2 (w.q.) DOMINICA.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma troche TRUE TRUE TRUE†troche. †Tapinoma trochis Wilson, 1985c: 34, fig. 12 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Technomyrmex caritatis TRUE TRUE TRUE†caritatis. †Technomyrmex caritatis Brandão & Baroni Urbani, in Brandão, Baroni Urbani, Wagensberg & Yamamoto, 1999: 416, figs. 1, 4-6 (w.l.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Incertae sedis in Technomyrmex: Bolton, 2007a: 122.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Technomyrmex hispaniolae TRUE TRUE TRUE†hispaniolae. †Iridomyrmex hispaniolae Wilson, 1985c: 32, fig. 10 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16; in Techomyrmex: Brandão, Baroni Urbani, Wagensberg & Yamamoto, 1999: 414. Incertae sedis in Technomyrmex: Bolton, 2007a: 123.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax ciferrii TRUE TRUE FALSEciferrii. Macromischa (Antillaemyrmex) ciferrii Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 160, fig. 5 (w.) DOMINICA. Combination in Antillaemyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 433; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax hispaniolae TRUE TRUE FALSEhispaniolae. Leptothorax hispaniolae Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 448,figs. 50, 97 (w.q.m.) DOMINICA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax praecreolus TRUE TRUE TRUE†praecreolus. †Leptothorax (Macromischa) praecreolus De Andrade, 1992: 344, figs. 1, 2 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene). Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex primaevus TRUE TRUE TRUE†primaevus. †Trachymyrmex primaevus Baroni Urbani, 1980b: 4, figs. 1-14 (w.) DOMINICAN AMBER (Miocene).
Dolichoderinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 28 genera, 692 species, 130 subspecies
Fossil: 16 genera, 103 species
Dolichoderidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Dolichoderus.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 127 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Dolichoderinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 18, 80.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.
Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.
Subfamily Dolichoderinae and tribes references, world
Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).
Formicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 49 genera, 2,831 species, 839 subspecies
Fossil: 29 genera, 193 species, 1 subspecies
Formicariae Latreille, 1809: 124. Type-genus: Formica.
Taxonomic history
Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].
Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Formicinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 20, 93.
Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Formicinae as formicoid formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).
Subfamily Formicinae references, world
Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 141 genera, 6,087 species, 864 subspecies
Fossil: 31 genera, 130 species
Myrmicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169. Type-genus: Myrmica.
Taxonomic history
Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].
Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Myrmicidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Myrmicinae as myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 52, 182.
Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.
Myrmicinae as formicoid myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.
Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.
Collective group name in Myrmicinae: †Myrmicites.
Subfamily Myrmicinae references, world
Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).
Ponerinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 27 genera, 1,033 species, 155 subspecies
Fossil: 9 genera, 68 species, 2 subspecies
Ponerites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185. Type-genus: Ponera.
Taxonomic history
Ponerinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185 [Ponérites].
Ponerinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1858b: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894g: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895j: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899c: 2; Emery, 1901a: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134; Emery, 1911d: 2; Wheeler, 1915g: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.
Ponerinae as poneromorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 42, 156.
Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette, Fisher, et al. 2006: 365; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ponerinae: Platythyreini, Ponerini, Thaumatomyrmecini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Ponerinae: †Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia.
Subfamily Ponerinae references, world
Smith, F. 1858b: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses), Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911d: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi, Agosti & Carpenter, 1997: 20 (†Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette, Fisher et al. 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
.
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 170 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882b: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900c: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918b: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972a: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csösz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 256 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes argentiventris TRUE TRUE FALSEargentiventris. Cephalotes argentiventris De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 104, fig. 35 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes auricomus TRUE TRUE FALSEauricomus. Hypocryptocerus haemorroidalis susbp. auricomus Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 202 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 91 (q.m.). Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 328. Raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 89. See also: Kempf, 1951: 148.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes flavigaster TRUE TRUE FALSEflavigaster. Cephalotes flavigaster De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 108, fig. 37 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes hamulus TRUE TRUE FALSEhamulus. Cryptocerus hamulus Roger, 1863a: 209 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Kempf, 1951: 149 (m.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 86 (q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1924d: 307; in Hypocryptocerus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 201; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 84. Junior synonym of haemorrhoidalis: Emery, 1924d: 307; Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 162. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of haemorrhoidalis: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 201. Senior synonym of haytianus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 201; Kempf, 1951: 149. Revived status as species and senior synonym of affinis: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 84.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes resinae TRUE TRUE FALSEresinae. Cephalotes resinae De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 96, figs. 12B, 32 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (in copal).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes taino TRUE TRUE FALSEtaino. Cephalotes taino De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 106, fig. 36 (w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (in copal).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys falcaria TRUE TRUE FALSEfalcaria. Gnamptogenys falcaria Lattke, 2002: 139, fig. 4 (q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys insularis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsularis. Gnamptogenys insularis Lattke, 2002: 140, fig. 5 (w.q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole drepanon TRUE TRUE FALSEdrepanon. Pheidole drepanon Wilson, 2003: 409, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole harlequina TRUE TRUE FALSEharlequina. Pheidole harlequina Wilson, 2003: 432, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hispaniolae TRUE TRUE FALSEhispaniolae. Pheidole hispaniolae Wilson, 2003: 707, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole noar TRUE TRUE FALSEnoar. Pheidole noar Wilson, 2003: 210, figs. (s.w.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium longiscapus TRUE TRUE FALSElongiscapus. Proceratium longiscapus De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 190, figs. 81, 82 (q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium taino TRUE TRUE FALSEtaino. Proceratium taino De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 186, fig. 80 (w.q.) DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex coronatus andicola TRUE TRUE FALSEandicola. Acromyrmex moelleri subsp. andicola Emery, 1924d: 349 (w.) ECUADOR. [First available use of Atta (Acromyrmex) moelleri st. modesta var. andicola Emery, 1905c: 45; unavailable name.] Currently subspecies of coronatus: Santschi, 1925a: 366; Santschi, 1925d: 239; Kempf, 1972a: 11.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma depressum TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressum. Apterostigma depressum Lattke, 1997: 19, 43, 55, 196 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma tholiforme TRUE TRUE FALSEtholiforme. Apterostigma tholiforme Lattke, 1997: 173, figs. 11, 23, 34, 57 (w.) ECUADOR.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus holzi TRUE TRUE FALSEholzi. Camponotus holzi Forel, 1921b: 134 (s.w.) ECUADOR. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus TRUE TRUE FALSE13 subspecies
macilentus. Camponotus macilentus Smith, F. 1877a: 83 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 279; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259. Current subspecies: nominal plus albemarlensis, altinotus, barringtonensis, bindloensis, castellanus, duncanensis, hoodensis, jacobensis, narboroensis, pervicus, sapphirinus, vulcanalis, wollebaeki.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus TRUE TRUE FALSE8 subspecies
planus. Camponotus planus Smith, F. 1877a: 83 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 287 (s.w.q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 118. Current subspecies: nominal plus fernandinensis, fidelis, hephaestus, indefessus (unresolved junior homonym), isabelensis, peregrinus, pinzonensis, sansalvadorensis, santacruzensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus wollebaeki TRUE TRUE FALSEwollebaeki. Camponotus (Pseusocolobopsis) macilentus var. wollebaeki Stitz, 1932a: 371, fig. 4 (w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus vulcanalis TRUE TRUE FALSEvulcanalis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. vulcanalis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 284 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus sapphirinus TRUE TRUE FALSEsapphirinus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macilentus var. sapphirinus Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 114, fig. 24 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus santacruzensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsantacruzensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. santacruzensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 294 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 119.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus sansalvadorensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsansalvadorensis. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) planus var. sansalvadorensis Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 119, fig. 27 (w.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus hoodensis TRUE TRUE FALSEhoodensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. hoodensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 285 (s.w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus hephaestus TRUE TRUE FALSEhephaestus. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) planus var. hephaestus Wheeler, W.M. 1933a: 59 (s.w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus fidelis TRUE TRUE FALSEfidelis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. fidelis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 295 (s.w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus fernandinensis TRUE TRUE FALSEfernandinensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. fernandinensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 296 (s.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus duncanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEduncanensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. duncanensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 283 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus bindloensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbindloensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. bindloensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 286 (s.w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus barringtonensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbarringtonensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. barringtonensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 282 (w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus altinotus TRUE TRUE FALSEaltinotus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macilentus var. altinota Stitz, 1932a: 370, fig. 3 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sexguttatus albotaeniolatus TRUE TRUE FALSEalbotaeniolatus. Camponotus (Myrmosphincta) sexguttatus var. albotaeniolata Forel, 1921b: 135 (w.) ECUADOR.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus albemarlensis TRUE TRUE FALSEalbemarlensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. albemarlensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 284 (s.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus castellanus TRUE TRUE FALSEcastellanus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macilentus var. castanellus Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 116, fig. 25 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus isabelensis TRUE TRUE FALSEisabelensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. isabelensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 293 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 119.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus jacobensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjacobensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. jacobensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 280 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus narboroensis TRUE TRUE FALSEnarboroensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. narboroensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 286 (q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus peregrinus TRUE TRUE FALSEperegrinus. Camponotus peregrinus Emery, 1893d: 91 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 118 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 118. Currently subspecies of planus: Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 291.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus pervicus TRUE TRUE FALSEpervicus. Camponotus (Paracolobopsis) macilentus var. pervicus Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 115 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus pinzonensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpinzonensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. pinzonensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 297 (s.w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes ecuadorialis TRUE TRUE FALSEecuadorialis. Cephalotes ecuadorialis De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 534, fig. 251 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Ecitoninae Cheliomyrmecini Cheliomyrmex audax TRUE TRUE FALSEaudax. Cheliomyrmex morosus st. audax Santschi, 1921g: 92 (m.) ECUADOR. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1955: 74.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster mancocapaci TRUE TRUE FALSEmancocapaci. Crematogaster brevispinosa [misspelled here as brevispina] st. mancocapaci Santschi, 1911i: 280 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR. [Also described as new by Santschi, 1913h: 38.] Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Raised to species: Longino, 2003a: 132.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster longispina naumannae TRUE TRUE FALSEnaumannae. Crematogaster longispina r. naumannae Forel, 1921b: 133 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Kempf, 1972a: 88.
Cerapachyinae Cylindromyrmecini Cylindromyrmex whymperi TRUE TRUE FALSEwhymperi. Holcoponera whymperi Cameron, 1891: 92, fig. (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Cylindromyrmex: Forel, 1892f: 256. Junior synonym of striatus: Emery, 1901a: 54. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of schmidti, tibialis, williamsi: De Andrade, 1998a: 596.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex nesiotus TRUE TRUE FALSEnesiotus. Cyphomyrmex nesiotus Snelling & Longino, 1992: 485, figs. 7, 15, 27, 28 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus rosenbergi TRUE TRUE FALSErosenbergi. Dolichoderus rosenbergi Forel, 1911e: 282 (w.) ECUADOR. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 89.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis TRUE TRUE FALSEalbemarlensis. Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. albemarlensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 275 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 110; in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton uncinatum TRUE TRUE FALSEuncinatum. Eciton uncinatum Borgmeier, 1953: 21, fig. 1 (m.) ECUADOR. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 275.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys extra TRUE TRUE FALSEextra. Gnamptogenys extra Lattke, 1995: 167, figs. 45-47 (w.) ECUADOR.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys haenschei TRUE TRUE FALSEhaenschei. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) haenschei Emery, 1902c: 27 (q.) ECUADOR. Brown, 1958g: 302 (w.).
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys laticephala TRUE TRUE FALSElaticephala. Gnamptogenys laticephala Lattke, 1995: 172, figs. 54, 55 (w.) ECUADOR.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys vriesi TRUE TRUE FALSEvriesi. Gnamptogenys vriesi Brandão & Lattke, 1990: 490, figs. 1-7 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera beebei TRUE TRUE FALSEbeebei. Ponera beebei Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 107, fig. 21 (q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121.
Myrmicinae Lenomyrmecini Lenomyrmex wardi TRUE TRUE FALSEwardi. Lenomyrmex wardi Fernández & Palacio, 1999: 10, figs. 4-6 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides caracola TRUE TRUE FALSEcaracola. Leptanilloides caracola Donoso, Vieira & Wild, 2006: 56, figs. 5, 6 (w.) ECUADOR.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides improvisa TRUE TRUE FALSEimprovisa. Leptanilloides improvisa Brandão, Diniz, Agosti & Delabie, 1999: 28, figs. 3, 4, 16, 22 (w.) ECUADOR.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides nomada TRUE TRUE FALSEnomada. Leptanilloides nomada Donoso, Vieira & Wild, 2006: 50, figs. 1, 2, 7 - 10 (w.) ECUADOR.
Leptanilloidinae Leptanilloidini Leptanilloides nubecula TRUE TRUE FALSEnubecula. Leptanilloides nubecula Donoso, Vieira & Wild, 2006: 53, figs. 3, 4, 11- 28 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema tsachila TRUE TRUE FALSEtsachila. Linepithema tsachila Wild, 2007a: 109, figs. 19, 20, 47, 51, 63, 64, 103 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex caete TRUE TRUE FALSEcaete. Megalomyrmex caete Brandão, 1990: 422, figs. 2, 9, 27 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex piriana TRUE TRUE FALSEpiriana. Megalomyrmex piriana Brandão, 1990: 443, figs. 97, 98 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex tasyba TRUE TRUE FALSEtasyba. Megalomyrmex tasyba Brandão, 1990: 446, figs. 91, 92 (w.) ECUADOR.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex planidens TRUE TRUE FALSEplanidens. Neivamyrmex planidens Borgmeier, 1953: 31, figs. 21, 28, 29 (m.) ECUADOR. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 603.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex rosenbergi TRUE TRUE FALSErosenbergi. Eciton (Acamatus) mexicanum subsp. rosebergi Forel, 1911e: 256 (m.) ECUADOR. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. Raised to species: Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 314; Borgmeier, 1953: 9; Borgmeier, 1955: 524.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva nesiotis TRUE TRUE FALSEnesiotis. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) fulva subsp. nesiotis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 277 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma onorei TRUE TRUE FALSEonorei. Basiceros onorei Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 133, fig. 47 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Octostruma (unpublished).
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus bauri TRUE TRUE FALSEbauri. Odontomachus bauri Emery, 1892d: 561 (diagnosis in key) (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Emery, 1893d: 90 (w.); Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 267 (q.m.). Subspecies of haematodus: Emery, 1911d: 115. Revived status as species: Taylor & Wilson, 1962: 142. Senior synonym of microcephalus, notata, paucidens, pubescens, rugisquama, sericeus: Brown, 1976a: 102. See also: Brown, 1976a: 129.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus biumbonatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbiumbonatus. Odontomachus biumbonatus Brown, 1976a: 131, fig. 22, pl. 1B (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus cornutus TRUE TRUE FALSEcornutus. Odontomachus cornutus Stitz, 1933: 67, fig. 1 (w.) ECUADOR. Kugler, C. 1980: 225 (q.m.). See also: Brown, 1976a: 144.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus mormo TRUE TRUE FALSEmormo. Odontomachus mormo Brown, 1976a: 161, figs. 10, 15 (w.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus scalptus TRUE TRUE FALSEscalptus. Odontomachus scalptus Brown, 1978b: 281 (w.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla becculata TRUE TRUE FALSEbecculata. Pachycondyla becculata Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 216, figs. 27, 47, 195, 341-346 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla carbonaria TRUE TRUE FALSEcarbonaria. Ponera carbonaria Smith, F. 1858b: 97 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Pachycondyla: Mayr, 1886c: 358; in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 47; in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 303. Senior synonym of atrovirens, splendida: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 228.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla cernua TRUE TRUE FALSEcernua. Pachycondyla cernua Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 242, figs. 46-48, 200, 369-375 (w.m.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla donosoi TRUE TRUE FALSEdonosoi. Pachycondyla donosoi Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 303, figs. 73, 81, 236, 308, 428-432(w.m.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla eleonorae TRUE TRUE FALSEeleonorae. Mesoponera eleonorae Forel, 1921b: 131 (w.) ECUADOR. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 308 (q.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla schoedli TRUE TRUE FALSEschoedli. Pachycondyla schoedli Mackay & Mackay, 2006: 49, figs. 1 – 3 (w.) ECUADOR. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 508.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla vieirai TRUE TRUE FALSEvieirai. Pachycondyla vieirai Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 568, figs. 22, 188, 206, 678-680 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole alpestris TRUE TRUE FALSEalpestris. Pheidole alpestris Wilson, 2003: 166, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bulliceps TRUE TRUE FALSEbulliceps. Pheidole bulliceps Wilson, 2003: 671, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cameroni TRUE TRUE FALSEcameroni. Pheidole cameroni Mayr, 1887: 595 (s.), 605 (w.q.) ECUADOR. Senior synonym of monticola: Cameron, 1892: 67; Dalla Torre, 1893: 89. See also: Wilson, 2003: 176.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole camilla TRUE TRUE FALSEcamilla. Pheidole camilla Wilson, 2003: 387, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole crinita TRUE TRUE FALSEcrinita. Pheidole crinita Wilson, 2003: 403, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ecuadorana TRUE TRUE FALSEecuadorana. Pheidole ecuadorana Wilson, 2003: 413, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole epetrion TRUE TRUE FALSEepetrion. Pheidole epetrion Wilson, 2003: 625, figs. (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole exquisita TRUE TRUE FALSEexquisita. Pheidole exquisita Wilson, 2003: 418, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole fullerae TRUE TRUE FALSEfullerae. Pheidole fullerae Wilson, 2003: 691, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole geminata TRUE TRUE FALSEgeminata. Pheidole geminata Wilson, 2003: 426, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole globularia TRUE TRUE FALSEglobularia. Pheidole globularia Wilson, 2003: 552, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gnomus TRUE TRUE FALSEgnomus. Pheidole gnomus Wilson, 2003: 642, figs. (s) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole guayasana TRUE TRUE FALSEguayasana. Pheidole guayasana Wilson, 2003: 702, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hazenae TRUE TRUE FALSEhazenae. Pheidole hazenae Wilson, 2003: 434, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole horribilis TRUE TRUE FALSEhorribilis. Pheidole horribilis Wilson, 2003: 708, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole inflexa FALSE FALSE FALSEinflexa. Pheidole riveti var. inflexa Santschi, 1923d: 58 (s.) ECUADOR. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole jivaro TRUE TRUE FALSEjivaro. Pheidole jivaro Wilson, 2003: 713, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole napoensis TRUE TRUE FALSEnapoensis. Pheidole napoensis Wilson, 2003: 725, figs. (s.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole palenquensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpalenquensis. Pheidole palenquensis Wilson, 2003: 482, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole peckorum TRUE TRUE FALSEpeckorum. Pheidole peckorum Wilson, 2003: 628, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole plato TRUE TRUE FALSEplato. Pheidole plato Wilson, 2003: 147, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole riveti TRUE TRUE FALSEriveti. Pheidole riveti Santschi, 1911i: 278 (s.w.q.) ECUADOR. [Also described as new by Santschi, 1913h: 37.] See also: Wilson, 2003: 224.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rotundiceps TRUE TRUE FALSErotundiceps. Pheidole rotundiceps Wilson, 2003: 744, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sarpedon TRUE TRUE FALSEsarpedon. Pheidole sarpedon Wilson, 2003: 749, figs. (s.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole stigma TRUE TRUE FALSEstigma. Pheidole stigma Wilson, 2003: 234, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole viriosa TRUE TRUE FALSEviriosa. Pheidole viriosa Wilson, 2003: 534, figs. (s.w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole williamsi TRUE TRUE FALSEwilliamsi. Pheidole williamsi Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 267 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Senior synonym of seymourensis: Wilson, 2003: 249.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea zodion TRUE TRUE FALSEzodion. Platythyrea zodion Brown, 1975: 55, figs. 34-36 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex theresiae TRUE TRUE FALSEtheresiae. Pogonomyrmex theresiae Forel, 1899b: 303 (w.) ECUADOR. [Also described as new by Forel, 1899d: 274.]
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium ecuadoriense TRUE TRUE FALSEecuadoriense. Proceratium ecuadoriense De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 127, fig. 59 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus virgatus TRUE TRUE FALSEvirgatus. Procryptocerus virgatus Kempf, 1964b: 250, figs. 9-12 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Protalaridris armata TRUE TRUE FALSEarmata. Protalaridris armata Brown, 1980a: 37, figs. 1-8 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Basiceros: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 90. See also: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1986a: 16.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex eculeus TRUE TRUE FALSEeculeus. Pseudomyrmex eculeus Ward, 1999b: 518, figs. 42, 51, 60 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex triplarinus TRUE TRUE FALSEtriplarinus. Myrmica triplarina Weddell, 1850: 263 (footnote) (w.) BRAZIL. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1990a: 464 (l.). Ward, 1999b: 505 (designation of neotype). Combination in Pseudomyrma: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 186; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386. Senior synonym of arborissanctae: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 186; of ecuadoriana: Brown, 1949a: 44; of cordobensis, rurrenabaquensis: Ward, 1999b: 505. See also: Kempf, 1961a: 408.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex ultrix TRUE TRUE FALSEultrix. Pseudomyrmex ultrix Ward, 1999b: 509, figs. 6, 17, 28, 72, 78, 98 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica aequinoctialis TRUE TRUE FALSEaequinoctialis. Strumigenys aequinoctialis De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 165, fig. 57 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Pyramica (unpublished).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica doryceps TRUE TRUE FALSEdoryceps. Pyramica doryceps Bolton, 2000: 211 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica heterodonta TRUE TRUE FALSEheterodonta. Pyramica heterodonta Rigato & Scupola, 2008: 479, figs. 4 –6 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica necopina TRUE TRUE FALSEnecopina. Pyramica necopina Bolton, 2000: 223 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica onorei TRUE TRUE FALSEonorei. Strumigenys onorei Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 143, fig. 50 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Pyramica (unpublished).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica osellai TRUE TRUE FALSEosellai. Pyramica osellai Rigato & Scupola, 2008: 477, figs. 1-3 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica umboceps TRUE TRUE FALSEumboceps. Pyramica umboceps Bolton, 2000: 227 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria ciliosa TRUE TRUE FALSEciliosa. Rogeria ciliosa Kugler, C. 1994: 31, figs. 2-4 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria gibba TRUE TRUE FALSEgibba. Rogeria gibba Kugler, C. 1994: 32, figs. 5-6 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Simopelta manni Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 17, fig. 4 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 299; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 273; Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 310.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta vieirai TRUE TRUE FALSEvieirai. Simopelta vieirai Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 323, figs. 13, 60-62 (w.) ECUADOR.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta williamsi TRUE TRUE FALSEwilliamsi. Simopelta williamsi Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 14, fig. 3 (w.) ECUADOR. Combination in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 267; Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 324.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis gnoma TRUE TRUE FALSEgnoma. Solenopsis gnoma Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007: 1075 (w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is.)
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis globularia pacifica TRUE TRUE FALSEpacifica. Solenopsis globularia subsp. pacifica Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 273 (w.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 108 (q.).
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys formicosa TRUE TRUE FALSEformicosa. Strumigenys formicosa Bolton, 2000: 547 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys longimala TRUE TRUE FALSElongimala. Strumigenys longimala De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 147, fig. 51 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys moera TRUE TRUE FALSEmoera. Strumigenys moera Bolton, 2000: 516 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys nageli TRUE TRUE FALSEnageli. Strumigenys nageli Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 162, fig. 56 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys obliqua TRUE TRUE FALSEobliqua. Strumigenys obliqua Bolton, 2000: 555 (w.q.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys skia TRUE TRUE FALSEskia. Strumigenys skia Bolton, 2000: 560 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys vivax TRUE TRUE FALSEvivax. Strumigenys vivax Bolton, 2000: 567 (w.) ECUADOR.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma trapeziforme TRUE TRUE FALSEtrapeziforme. Apterostigma trapeziforme Lattke, 1997: 174, figs. 179, 180 (w.) EL SALVADOR.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rectangularis rubroniger TRUE TRUE FALSErubroniger. Camponotus rectangularis var. rubroniger Forel, 1899c: 144 (w.) EL SALVADOR. Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 221 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix apharogonia TRUE TRUE FALSEapharogonia. Eurhopalothrix apharogonia Snelling, R.R. 1968c: 1 (w.) EL SALVADOR.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex quadratoocciputus TRUE TRUE FALSEquadratoocciputus. Neivamyrmex quadratoocciputus Watkins, 1975c: 207, figs. 1-6 (m.) EL SALVADOR.
Agroecomyrmecinae Agroecomyrmecini Tatuidris tatusia TRUE TRUE FALSEtatusia. Tatuidris tatusia Brown & Kempf, 1968: 187, figs. 1-4 (w.) EL SALVADOR.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros conjugans TRUE TRUE FALSEconjugans. Basiceros conjugans Brown, 1974c: 134, figs. 1, 2 (w.q.m.) EQUADOR.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevicornis. Acanthostichus brevicornis Emery, 1894c: 142 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Mackay, 2004: 98 (q.). Senior synonym of ramosmexiae: Kusnezov, 1962a: 130; Mackay, 1996: 144.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex biscutatus FALSE FALSE FALSEbiscutatus. Formica biscutata Fabricius, 1775: 394 (q.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Atta: Fabricius, 1804: 422. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Acromyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 16.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex hystrix TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
hystrix. Formica hystrix Latreille, 1802c: 230, pl. 10, fig. 61 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Emery, 1888c: 357 (m.). Combination in Atta: Haliday, 1836: 328; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Mayr, 1865: 83; in Acromyrmex: Santschi, 1925a: 357. Subspecies of octospinosus: Forel, 1893e: 590; Emery, 1894c: 220. Junior synonym of octospinosus: Emery, 1924d: 350. Revived from synonymy, revived status as species and senior synonym of emilii: Santschi, 1925a: 357. See also: Gonçalves, 1961: 143. Current subspecies: nominal plus ajax.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex octospinosus TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
octospinosus. Formica octospinosa Reich, 1793: 132 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Forel, 1893e: 590 (s.q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 674 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986d: 496 (l.). Combination in Atta: Emery, 1892b: 163; in Atta (Acromyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 590; in Acromyrmex: Mann, 1916: 454. Senior synonym of guentheri: Emery, 1894c: 220; of pallida Crawley: Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 70. See also: Gonçalves, 1961: 157. Current subspecies: nominal plus cubanus, ekchuah, inti, volcanus.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca andreae TRUE TRUE FALSEandreae. Azteca andreae Guerrero, et al., 2010: 54, figs. 1-2 (w.q.m.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca jelskii TRUE TRUE FALSEjelskii. Azteca jelskii Emery, 1893b: 138, pl. 2, figs. 52, 53 (s.w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Senior synonym of columbica: Longino, 2007: 60.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca gnava cayennensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcayennensis. Azteca gnava r. cayennensis Forel, 1912h: 49 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus casicus TRUE TRUE FALSEcasicus. Camponotus (Dinomyrmex) casica Santschi, 1920g: 180, attributed to Emery, (q.) FRENCH GUIANA. Subgeneric placement probably C. (Tanaemyrmex): Bolton, 1995b: 91.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus flavescens TRUE TRUE FALSEflavescens. Formica flavescens Fabricius, 1793: 353 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 4; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus geayi TRUE TRUE FALSEgeayi. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) geayi Santschi, 1922c: 117, fig. 2 (s.w.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus indicatus TRUE TRUE FALSEindicatus. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) fumidus st. indicatus Santschi, 1922c: 100 (w.q.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 83. Raised to species: Emery, 1925b: 83.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes TRUE TRUE FALSE6 subspecies
picipes. Formica picipes Olivier, 1792: 501 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Forel, 1879a: 67 (s.q.m.). Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 657; in C. (Myrmoturba): Emery, 1920b: 255; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of sylvaticus: Forel, 1879a: 67; of rubripes: Forel, 1886f: 143; of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 371. Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 247; Santschi, 1913h: 42; Emery, 1920b: 233 (footnote); Santschi, 1922c: 101. Current subspecies: nominal plus guatemalensis, jamaicensis, jason, pilosulus, plombyi, spengleri.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus plutus TRUE TRUE FALSEplutus. Camponotus (Myrmoplatypus) plutus Santschi, 1922c: 109 (s.) FRENCH GUIANA. [Camponotus plutus Santschi, 1921f: 311. Nomen nudum.]
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes complanatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcomplanatus. Cryptocerus complanatus Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 424 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Mann, 1916: 451 (s.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 257 (q.). Combination in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 193; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 385; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 320. Senior synonym of angulatus: Emery, 1924d: 307; of amazonensis: Kempf, 1951: 193.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus bispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbispinosus. Formica bispinosa Olivier, 1792: 502 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Roger, 1862a: 236 (q.); Forel, 1908b: 60 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1966: 728 (l.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Mayr, 1862: 708; in Monacis: Roger, 1862a: 235; Kempf, 1959b: 240; in Dolichoderus: Emery, 1890a: 69; Dalla Torre, 1893: 158; in D. (Monacis): Emery, 1894c: 228. Senior synonym of arboricola: Emery, 1892b: 167; of fungosa: Latreille, 1802c: 133; of vestita: Emery, 1894c: 232. See also: Kempf, 1959b: 240; Mackay, 1993b: 42; Shattuck, 1994: 44.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus mucronifer TRUE TRUE FALSEmucronifer. Monacis mucronifera Roger, 1862a: 236 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Santschi, 1921g: 100 (q.); Kempf, 1959b: 236 (m.). Combination in Hypoclinea: Mayr, 1863: 423; in Dolichoderus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 160; in D. (Monacis): Emery, 1894c: 228; in Monacis: Kempf, 1959b: 235; in Dolichoderus: Shattuck, 1992c: 77. Senior synonym of ensiger: Forel, 1911c: 306. See also: Mackay, 1993b: 79.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus guyanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguyanensis. Dorymyrmex (Conomyrma) pyramicus var. guyanensis Santschi, 1922b: 372 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 79.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton hamatum TRUE TRUE FALSEhamatum. Formica hamata Fabricius, 1782: 494 (s.) FRENCH GUIANA. Mayr, 1886b: 121 (w.); Emery, 1896g: 39 (m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1925c: 145 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. 1943: 327 (l.). Combination in Eciton: Latreille, 1804: 179; in Camptognatha: Gray, G.R. 1832: 16; in Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 161. Senior synonym of curvidentata: Smith, F. 1858b: 148; of amazona, funesta, mattogrossensis, pittieri: Borgmeier, 1953: 14, 13, 10, 9 repectively; of testacea: Kempf, 1972a: 102. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 214; Tafuri, 1957: 21; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964c: 134; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 269.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton vagans TRUE TRUE FALSE6 subspecies
vagans. Formica vagans Olivier, 1792: 501 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Smith, F. 1855c: 162 (s.); Wheeler, W.M. 1912e: 206 (m.); Menozzi, 1931d: 188 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974c: 170 (l.). Combination in Eciton: Smith, 1855c: 162. Senior synonym of simillima: Smith, F. 1858b: 151; of integrum: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. Current subspecies: nominal plus allognathum, angustatum, dispar, dubitatum, fur, mutatum. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 229; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 270.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton mexicanum moralum TRUE TRUE FALSEmoralum. Eciton (Eciton) latidens var. moralus Santschi, 1923g: 1259 (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. Currently subspecies of mexicanum: Borgmeier, 1955: 250 [misspelled as morulum].
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton mexicanum latidens TRUE TRUE FALSElatidens. Eciton latidens Santschi, 1911h: 113, fig. b (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. Currently subspecies of mexicanum: Borgmeier, 1955: 250.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton burchellii cupiens TRUE TRUE FALSEcupiens. Eciton burchelli st. cupiens Santschi, 1923c: 249 (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 293 (s.w.q.) [as burchellii; see Borgmeier, 1955: 178]. Senior synonym of jeanae: Borgmeier, 1955: 178.
Formicinae Formicini Formica melanophthalma FALSE FALSE FALSEmelanophthalma. Formica melanophthalma Reich, 1793: 132 (no sex or caste given) FRENCH GUIANA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 198.
Formicinae Formicini Formica molestans FALSE FALSE FALSEmolestans. Formica molestans Latreille, 1802c: 241 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 199.
Formicinae Formicini Formica nana FALSE FALSE FALSEnana. Formica nana Latreille, 1802c: 263 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica [see note under pusilla]: Bolton, 1995b: 199.
Formicinae Formicini Formica ovata FALSE FALSE FALSEovata. Formica ovata Reich, 1793: 132 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 200.
Formicinae Formicini Formica pallipes FALSE FALSE FALSEpallipes. Formica pallipes Latreille, 1787: 309 (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. [Misspelled as pallidipes by Dalla Torre, 1893: 40.] Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 200.
Formicinae Formicini Formica picipes FALSE FALSE FALSEpicipes. Formica picipes Reich, 1793: 132 (no caste given) FRENCH GUIANA. [Unresolved junior primary homonym of picipes Olivier, 1792: 501, above (Bolton, 1995b: 201).] Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 201.
Formicinae Formicini Formica rostrata FALSE FALSE FALSErostrata. Formica rostrata Fabricius, 1787: 310 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 202.
Formicinae Formicini Formica tomentosa FALSE FALSE FALSEtomentosa. Formica tomentosa Reich, 1793: 132 (no caste given) FRENCH GUIANA. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 205.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys striatula TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatula. Gnamptogenys striatula Mayr, 1884: 32 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Mayr, 1887: 542 (q.m.); Gallardo, 1918b: 26 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 123 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma (Holcoponera): Mayr, 1887: 541; in Holcoponera: Emery, 1911d: 40; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of obscurum: Santschi, 1929h: 442; of antillana: Brown, 1956b: 490; of angustiloba (and its junior synonym vollenweideri), angustipleura, brasiliensis, calcarata, paulina, pernambucana, and material of the unavailable name hybrida referred here: Brown, 1958g: 229; of arcuata, curtulum (and its junior synonym stolli), recta, rustica, simplicoides, wasmanni (and its junior synonym isthmica), wheeleri (and its junior synonym mayri): Lattke, 1995: 186.
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Heteroponera georgesi TRUE TRUE FALSEgeorgesi. Heteroponera georgesi Perrault, 1999: 475, figs. 1-6 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus auropubens TRUE TRUE FALSEauropubens. Eciton (Labidus) praedator st. auropubens Santschi, 1920d: 366, fig. 3 (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 14. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1953: 14. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 131.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus truncatidens TRUE TRUE FALSEtruncatidens. Eciton (Labidus) truncatidens Santschi, 1920d: 367, fig. 4 (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Labidus: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 124.
Myrmicinae Attini Mycetophylax conformis TRUE TRUE FALSEconformis. Cyphomyrmex conformis Mayr, 1884: 38 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009: 8, 16 (q.m.). Combination in Mycetophylax: Kempf, 1962b: 34. Senior synonym of brittoni, littoralis: Kempf, 1962b: 34.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex guyanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguyanensis. Eciton (Acamatus) latiscapum var. guyanensis Santschi, 1916e: 369 (m.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1955: 580. Senior synonym of nocua: Borgmeier, 1953: 14.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma betschi TRUE TRUE FALSEbetschi. Octostruma betschi Perrault, 1988b: 303, 2 figs (w.q.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla constricta TRUE TRUE FALSEconstricta. Ponera constricta Mayr, 1884: 31 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Forel, 1908b: 37 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 624 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 53 (l.). Combination in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 46; in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 304. Senior synonym of josephi: Dalla Torre, 1893: 39. See also: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 269.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole exigua TRUE TRUE FALSEexigua. Pheidole exigua Mayr, 1884: 36 (s.) FRENCH GUIANA. Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 135 (w.q.). Subspecies of flavens: Emery, 1894c: 156. Revived status as species: Wilson, 2003: 416.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole jelskii TRUE TRUE FALSEjelskii. Pheidole jelskii Mayr, 1884: 34 (s.w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Forel, 1893g: 400 (q.m.). Subspecies of fallax: Forel, 1893g: 400. Raised to species: Emery, 1894g: 390. Subspecies of fallax: Emery, 1906c: 155; Forel, 1912f: 221. Raised to species, senior synonym of antillensis, arenicola, emiliae and material of the unavailable name retifera referred here: Wilson, 2003: 306.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole longipes TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
longipes. Formica longipes Latreille, 1802c: 233, pl. 11, fig. 68 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Pheidole: Emery, 1921a: 25.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole moffetti TRUE TRUE FALSEmoffetti. Pheidole moffetti Wilson, 2003: 463, figs. (s.w.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole radoszkowskii TRUE TRUE FALSEradoszkowskii. Pheidole radoszkowskii Mayr, 1884: 35 (s.w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Senior synonym of acuta, australis, luteola, opacissima, paranana, parvinoda: Wilson, 2003: 221; of medialis: Longino, 2009: 70.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole subarmata TRUE TRUE FALSEsubarmata. Pheidole subarmata Mayr, 1884: 37 (s.w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Senior synonym of borinquenensis, cornutula, dentimentum, elongatula, hondurensis, imbecillis, nassavensis, nefasta: Brown, 1981: 526. See also: Wilson, 2003: 759.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex alternans TRUE TRUE FALSEalternans. Pseudomyrma alternans Santschi, 1936b: 197, figs. 1, 2 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 434.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica auctidens TRUE TRUE FALSEauctidens. Pyramica auctidens Bolton, 2000: 179, fig. 130 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica villiersi TRUE TRUE FALSEvilliersi. Gymnomyrmex villiersi Perrault, 1986a: 1, figs. 1-3 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 237.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma melanocephalum TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
melanocephalum. Formica melanocephala Fabricius, 1793: 353 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Emery, 1887a: 249 (m.); Forel, 1891b: 102 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 197 (l.); Crozier, 1970: 119 (k.). Combination in Micromyrma: Roger, 1862b: 258; in Tapinoma: Mayr, 1862: 651; in Tapinoma (Micromyrma): Santschi, 1928e: 475. Senior synonym of pellucida: Mayr, 1886c: 359; of nana: Emery, 1892b: 166; of familiaris: Forel, 1899c: 101; of australis: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 80; of australe: Bolton, 1995b: 401. Current subspecies: nominal plus coronatum, malesianum. See also: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1421; Shattuck, 1994: 148.
Myrmicinae Blepharidattini Wasmannia sigmoidea TRUE TRUE FALSEsigmoidea. Tetramorium sigmoideum Mayr, 1884: 13 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Forel, 1893g: 386 (q.m.). Combination in Wasmannia: Forel, 1893g: 386. See also: Longino & Fernández, 2007: 281.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus TRUE TRUE FALSE13 subspecies
macilentus. Camponotus macilentus Smith, F. 1877a: 83 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 279; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259. Current subspecies: nominal plus albemarlensis, altinotus, barringtonensis, bindloensis, castellanus, duncanensis, hoodensis, jacobensis, narboroensis, pervicus, sapphirinus, vulcanalis, wollebaeki.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus TRUE TRUE FALSE8 subspecies
planus. Camponotus planus Smith, F. 1877a: 83 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 287 (s.w.q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 118. Current subspecies: nominal plus fernandinensis, fidelis, hephaestus, indefessus (unresolved junior homonym), isabelensis, peregrinus, pinzonensis, sansalvadorensis, santacruzensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus wollebaeki TRUE TRUE FALSEwollebaeki. Camponotus (Pseusocolobopsis) macilentus var. wollebaeki Stitz, 1932a: 371, fig. 4 (w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus vulcanalis TRUE TRUE FALSEvulcanalis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. vulcanalis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 284 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus sapphirinus TRUE TRUE FALSEsapphirinus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macilentus var. sapphirinus Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 114, fig. 24 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus santacruzensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsantacruzensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. santacruzensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 294 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 119.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus sansalvadorensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsansalvadorensis. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) planus var. sansalvadorensis Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 119, fig. 27 (w.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus hoodensis TRUE TRUE FALSEhoodensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. hoodensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 285 (s.w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus hephaestus TRUE TRUE FALSEhephaestus. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) planus var. hephaestus Wheeler, W.M. 1933a: 59 (s.w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus fidelis TRUE TRUE FALSEfidelis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. fidelis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 295 (s.w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus fernandinensis TRUE TRUE FALSEfernandinensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. fernandinensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 296 (s.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus duncanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEduncanensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. duncanensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 283 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus bindloensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbindloensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. bindloensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 286 (s.w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus barringtonensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbarringtonensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. barringtonensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 282 (w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus altinotus TRUE TRUE FALSEaltinotus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macilentus var. altinota Stitz, 1932a: 370, fig. 3 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus albemarlensis TRUE TRUE FALSEalbemarlensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. albemarlensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 284 (s.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus castellanus TRUE TRUE FALSEcastellanus. Camponotus (Pseudocolobopsis) macilentus var. castanellus Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 116, fig. 25 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus isabelensis TRUE TRUE FALSEisabelensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. isabelensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 293 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 119.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus jacobensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjacobensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. jacobensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 280 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus narboroensis TRUE TRUE FALSEnarboroensis. Camponotus (Myrmamblys) macilentus var. narboroensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 286 (q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 158.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus peregrinus TRUE TRUE FALSEperegrinus. Camponotus peregrinus Emery, 1893d: 91 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 118 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmorhachis): Forel, 1914a: 274; in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 118. Currently subspecies of planus: Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 291.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus macilentus pervicus TRUE TRUE FALSEpervicus. Camponotus (Paracolobopsis) macilentus var. pervicus Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 115 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planus pinzonensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpinzonensis. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) planus var. pinzonensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 297 (s.w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis TRUE TRUE FALSEalbemarlensis. Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. albemarlensis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 275 (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in D. (Conomyrma): Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 110; in Conomyrma: Kempf, 1972a: 80.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera beebei TRUE TRUE FALSEbeebei. Ponera beebei Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 107, fig. 21 (q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 121.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia fulva nesiotis TRUE TRUE FALSEnesiotis. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) fulva subsp. nesiotis Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 277 (w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Combination in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus bauri TRUE TRUE FALSEbauri. Odontomachus bauri Emery, 1892d: 561 (diagnosis in key) (w.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Emery, 1893d: 90 (w.); Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 267 (q.m.). Subspecies of haematodus: Emery, 1911d: 115. Revived status as species: Taylor & Wilson, 1962: 142. Senior synonym of microcephalus, notata, paucidens, pubescens, rugisquama, sericeus: Brown, 1976a: 102. See also: Brown, 1976a: 129.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole williamsi TRUE TRUE FALSEwilliamsi. Pheidole williamsi Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 267 (s.w.q.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Senior synonym of seymourensis: Wilson, 2003: 249.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis gnoma TRUE TRUE FALSEgnoma. Solenopsis gnoma Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007: 1075 (w.q.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is.)
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis globularia pacifica TRUE TRUE FALSEpacifica. Solenopsis globularia subsp. pacifica Wheeler, W.M. 1919c: 273 (w.m.) ECUADOR (Galapagos Is). Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 108 (q.).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 131 species, 10 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831b: 106. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrmex in Pseudomyrmecinae: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PSEUDOMYRMEX
Leptalea Erichson, 1839: 309. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
Leptalea in Pseudomyrmecinae: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656.
Leptalea as junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
[Leptalaea Spinola, 1851b: 52 and Spinola, 1853: 68, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
[Pseudomyrmex and Leptalea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Pseudomyrma Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma bicolor, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrma in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 153.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 328; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Myrmeciidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Pseudomyrminae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 86; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Pseudomyrma in Pseudomyrminae: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 654; Donisthorpe, 1941d: 27; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudomyrma as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; Kempf, 1972a: 214; Ward, 1990: 469; Bolton, 1994: 184.
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427. Type-species: Myrmex perboscii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Myrmex Sturm, 1826: 32 (Coleoptera).]
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Clavanoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Clavanoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469. [Pseudomyrmex and Clavanoda share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Ornatinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ornatinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Triangulinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma spinicola, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Triangulinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Apedunculata Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apedunculata as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Latinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma latinoda, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Latinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Genus Pseudomyrmex references
Smith, F. 1858b: 153 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 24 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 451 (Leptalea, Pseudomyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 407 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Smith, 1877b: 58 (checklist); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 55 (catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 28 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1932a: 44 (Argentina species key); Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 (all species keys); Creighton, 1950a: 79 (North America species key); Kempf, 1961a: 373 (P. gracilis group, partial key); Kempf, 1972a: 215 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 9 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1345 (North America catalogue); Ward, 1985b: 215 (Nearctic species key); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Ward, 1989: 407 (P. oculatus group, key); Ward, 1989: 430 (P. subtilissimus group, key); Ward, 1990: 469 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Ward, 1992: 76 (†Dominican Amber species key); Ward, 1993: 130 (swollen-thorn Acacia-associated species key); Bolton, 1994: 184 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 370 (catalogue); Ward, 1999b: 473 (P. viduus group, and other Tachigali- and Triplaris-associated species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Procryptocerus TRUE TRUE FALSE45 species
Procryptocerus Emery, 1887b: 470 (footnote). Type-species: Meranoplus striatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171.
Taxonomic history
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 139.
Procryptocerus in Cryptoceridae, Cryptocerinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cryptocerini: Forel, 1892d: 345; Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 132; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 43; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 246; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 665; Emery, 1924d: 300; all subsequent authors to the entry below; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Procryptocerus in Myrmicinae, Cephalotini: Kempf, 1951: 14; all subsequent authors except anachronism above.
Genus Procryptocerus references
Mayr, 1870a: 413 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key (as Cataulacus)); Dalla Torre, 1893: 139 (catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 300 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kempf, 1951: 15 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 211 (Neotropical catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 367 (catalogue); Longino & Snelling, 2002: 4 (Central America species key); Serna & Mackay, 2010: 7 (morphology); Serna, Bolton & Mackay, 2011: 67 (venation).
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 252 species, 62 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pachycondyla Smith, F. 1858b: 105. Type-species: Formica crassinoda, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Pachycondyla in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 105; Smith, 1871a: 324.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Pachycondyla in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pachycondyla in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1895b: 114; Forel, 1899c: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 73 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PACHYCONDYLA
Bothroponera Mayr, 1862: 713 (diagnosis in key), 717. Type-species: Ponera pumicosa, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1901a: 42.
Taxonomic history
Bothroponera in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 713 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 13 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35.
Bothroponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Bothroponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 75 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Ponera: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 325.
Bothroponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 75; Arnold, 1915: 55; Forel, 1917: 237; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628.
Bothroponera as genus: Mayr, 1862: 717; Dalla Torre, 1893: 35; Bingham, 1903: 95; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1918c: 299 (footnote); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 67; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49; Bernard, 1953b: 187; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Bothroponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Megaponera Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 734. Type-species: Formica foetens (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Formica analis), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Megaponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae].
Megaponera in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Megaponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 67 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 46; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors to the following.
Megaponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Megaloponera Roger, 1863b: 17, incorrect subsequent spelling; misspelling repeated by several authors, for example Emery, 1877b: 368; Forel, 1917: 237.]
Paltothyreus Mayr, 1862: 714 (diagnosis in key), 735. Type-species: Formica tarsata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 32.
Paltothyreus in Pachycondylinae, Ectatommini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Paltothyreus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 62 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 43; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Paltothyreus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Ectomomyrmex Mayr, 1867a: 83. Type-species: Ectomomyrmex javanus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 85.
Taxonomic history
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 30.
Ectomomyrmex in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ectomomyrmex in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Forel, 1900d: 321; Emery, 1911d: 78 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Ectomomyrmex as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1901a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 78; Arnold, 1915: 53; Forel, 1917: 237.
Ectomomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1867a: 83; Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Forel, 1900d: 321; Bingham, 1903: 85; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 60; Brown, 1963: 9; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 29; Taylor, 1987a: 26; Ogata, 1987: 112.
Ectomomyrmex as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
[Ectomyrmex Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Ophthalmopone Forel, 1890b: cxii. Type-species: Ophthalmopone berthoudi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 31.
Ophthalmopone in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ophthalmopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Arnold, 1915: 49; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 647; all subsequent authors.
Ophthalmopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Euponera Forel, 1891b: 126 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Euponera) sikorae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Euponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Emery, 1911d: 79 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 37; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Euponera as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1891b: 126; Emery, 1895j: 767.
Euponera as genus: Emery, 1901a: 46; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 79; Arnold, 1915: 63; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; Borgmeier, 1923: 70; Clark, 1934b: 30; Creighton, 1950a: 44; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 63; Bernard, 1953b: 189; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Euponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 166.
Cryptopone Emery, 1893a: cclxxv. Type-species: Cryptopone testacea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Cryptopone also described as new by Emery, 1893f: 240. Type-species not Amblyopone testacea, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161, repeated in Emery, 1911d: 88, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 780, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 636, Kempf, 1972a: 90 and Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 28; see discussion in Wilson, 1958d: 360.]
Cryptopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1895j: 767; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 88 [subtribe Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 650; all subsequent authors.
Cryptopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 3.
Pseudoponera Emery, 1900c: 314 [as subgenus of Pachycondyla]. Type-species: Ponera quadridentata (junior synonym of Formica stigma), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pseudoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 42. Type-species not Ponera amblyops, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 42; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 171, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 779; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723.]
Pseudoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Pseudoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 86 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 238; all subsequent authors.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Pachycondyla: Emery, 1900c: 314; Emery, 1901a: 42.
Pseudoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1900c: 141; Forel, 1900e: 398; Emery, 1909c: 364; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135.
Pseudoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 91; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Emery, 1911d: 86; Forel, 1917: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 74.
Pseudoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Brachyponera Emery, 1900c: 315 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Euponera (Brachyponera) croceicornis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Brachyponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera sennaarensis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 160, Emery, 1911d: 84, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 777, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 628, Wilson, 1958d: 346; Bolton, 1973a: 335; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23.]
Brachyponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Brachyponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 83; all subsequent authors.
Brachyponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900c: 315; Emery, 1909c: 366; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 83; Arnold, 1915: 72; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; subsequent authors to the following.
Brachyponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 101; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 346; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Taylor, 1987a: 9; Ogata, 1987: 116; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Brachyponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389 [provisional]; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Mesoponera Emery, 1900d: 668 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Ponera melanaria, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Mesoponera also described as new by Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species not Ponera caffraria, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1901a: 43, repeated by Emery, 1911d: 81, Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775, Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661, Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141, Bolton, 1973a: 338; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 35.]
Mesoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Mesoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 80; all subsequent authors.
Mesoponera as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1900d: 668; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 80; Arnold, 1915: 64; Forel, 1917: 237; Gallardo, 1918b: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 71; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 64; Bernard, 1953b: 190.
Mesoponera as genus: Bingham, 1903: 99; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wilson, 1958d: 349; Kempf, 1972a: 141; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 34; Taylor, 1987a: 39; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Mesoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Eumecopone Forel, 1901e: 335 [as subgenus of Neoponera]. Type-species: Neoponera (Eumecopone) agilis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eumecopone as subgenus of Neoponera: Forel, 1901e: 335; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 71; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; subsequent authors to the following.
Eumecopone junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Hagensia Forel, 1901f: 333 [as subgenus of Megaloponera (sic)]. Type-species: Megaloponera (Hagensia) havilandi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Hagensia in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 69 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; all subsequent authors.
Hagensia as subgenus of Megaponera: Forel, 1901f: 333; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 61.
Hagensia as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237.
Hagensia as genus: Arnold, 1926: 202; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 648; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11.
Hagensia as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 167.
Neoponera Emery, 1901a: 43. Type-species: Formica villosa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neoponera in Pachycondylinae, Pachycondylini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Neoponera in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 135; Emery, 1911d: 70 [subtribe Pachycondylini]; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 648; all subsequent authors.
Neoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Trachymesopus Emery, 1911d: 84 [as subgenus of Euponera]. Type-species: Formica stigma, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachymesopus in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Emery, 1911d: 84; all subsequent authors.
Trachymesopus as subgenus of Euponera: Emery, 1911d: 84; Arnold, 1915: 74; Forel, 1917: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 649; Borgmeier, 1923: 72; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733; Creighton, 1950a: 46; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 65; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 786; Bernard, 1953b: 195.
Trachymesopus as genus: Wilson, 1958d: 352; Kempf, 1960f: 423; Brown, 1963: 6; Kempf, 1972a: 251; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 52; Ogata, 1987: 114; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164.
Trachymesopus as junior synonym of Pseudoponera: Bolton, 1995b: 48 (because of synonymous type-species); Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Trachyponera Santschi, 1928a: 43, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108 [as subgenus of Ponera]. Type-species: Ponera (Xiphopelta) arnoldi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Ponera: Forel, 1913a: 108; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 737.
Xiphopelta as subgenus of Euponera: Forel, 1917: 237; Emery, 1919c: 106; Bernard, 1953b: 191.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Mesoponera: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 775; all subsequent authors to the following.
Xiphopelta as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
[Hiphopelta Forel, 1913a: 108, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Termitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 159. Type-species: Ponera laevigata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Termitopone in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 731.
Termitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Syntermitopone Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169 [as subgenus of Termitopone.] Type-species: Ponera commutata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Syntermitopone as subgenus of Termitopone: Wheeler, W.M. 1936d: 169.
Syntermitopone as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 15.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Termitopone: Borgmeier, 1959a: 312.
Syntermitopone as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Wadeura Weber, 1939a: 102. Type-species: Wadeura guianensis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Wadeura in Ponerinae, Ponerini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wadeura as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Pseudoneoponera Donisthorpe, 1943d: 439. Type-species: Pseudoneoponera verecundae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudoneoponera in Ponerinae, Pseudoneoponerini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 77.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Bothroponera: Wilson, 1958d: 361.
Pseudoneoponera as junior synonym of Pachycondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; Brown, in Bolton, 1994: 164; Bolton, 2003: 168.
Genus Pachycondyla references
Mayr, 1862: 719 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 16, 17, 18 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 397, 428, 439, 440 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 13, 15 (Bothroponera, Pachycondyla, Megaponera, Paltothyreus diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 82 (Bothroponera diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 396 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Emery, 1887b: 18 (footnote) (Asia & Australia Bothroponera species key); Emery, 1890a: 71 (Neotropical species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 30, 31, 32, 35 (Ectomomyrmex, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Paltothyreus, Pachycondyla, Bothroponera catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 321 (India & Sri Lanka Ectomomyrmex species key); Bingham, 1903: 86, 91, 96, 101 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Ectomomyrmex, Pseudoponera, Bothroponera, Brachyponera species keys); Emery, 1911d: 62 (Paltothyreus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 67 (Megaponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 69 (Megaponera (Hagensia) and Ophthalmopone diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 70 (Neoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 73 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 75 (P. (Bothroponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 78 (P. (Ectomomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 80 (Euponera (Mesoponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 83 (Euponera (Brachyponera) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 84 (Euponera (Trachymesopus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 86 (Pseudoponera diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 88 (Cryptopone diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 43, 46, 49, 53, 63 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Pachycondyla, Euponera diagnoses); Arnold, 1915: 50, 55, 64 (South Africa Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Euponera (Mesoponera) species keys); Gallardo, 1918b: 56, 66 (Argentina Neoponera, Mesoponera, keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 72 (Afrotropical Bothroponera species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 60, 63, 69, 81 (Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Bothroponera, Euponera diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 763, 766, 768, 769, 774, 780 (Afrotropical Paltothyreus, Megaponera, Ophthalmopone, Bothroponera, Ectomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1007, 1008 (Malagasy Bothroponera, Euponera catalogues); Arnold, 1926: 203 (South Africa Hagensia species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1933g: 5 (Cryptopone all species key); Santschi, 1935b: 259 (Africa Mesoponera, key); Creighton, 1950a: 45 (North America Euponera species key); Arnold, 1951: 53 (Hagensia species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 49, 52, 60, 63, 74 (Asia Bothroponera, Cryptopone, Ectmomomyrmex, Euponera, Pseudoponera checklists); Arnold, 1952a: 461 (South Africa Bothroponera, key); Bernard, 1953b: 191 (Guinea Euponera (Xiphopelta) species key); Brown, 1958h: 20 (New Zealand species); Wilson, 1958d: 346, 357, 362 (Melanesia Brachyponera, Cryptopone, Ectomomyrmex species keys); Kempf, 1961b: 192 (Brazil species key); Brown, 1963: 6, 9 (reviews of Cryptopone, Trachymesopus & Ectomomyrmex); Kempf, 1964e: 51 (Neotropical Pachycondyla species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 36 (Argentina Neoponera species key); Kempf, 1972a: 90, 141, 160, 174, 248, 251, 257 (Neotropical Cryptopone, Mesoponera, Neoponera, Pachycondyla, Termitopone, Trachymesopus, Wadeura catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 7 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1339, 1341 (North America, Pachycondyla, Brachyponera, Cryptopone catalogues); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 21, 23, 28, 29, 34, 34, 52 (Australia, catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 9, 23, 26, 39, 80 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 18 (Japan Ectomomyrmex, Cryptopone, Brachyponera, Trachymesopus species key); Brandão, 1991: 354, 360, 365, 381, 382 (Neotropical catalogue); Xu, 1994b: 182 (China Brachyponera species key); Bolton, 1994: 164 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 166, 302 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45 (China species key); Xu, 1995b: 104 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 310 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla Saudi Arabia species key); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 147 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 182, 196 (Australia Cryptopone, Pachycondyla fauna synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 35, 49 (China, Guangxi Cryptopone, Pachycondyla species keys); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 424 (wingless female fossils, diagnosis); Wild, 2002: 4 (Paraguay species key); Bolton, 2003: 161, 165 (Cryptopone, Pachycondyla synopses); Wild, 2005: 5 (P. apicalis complex key); Yamane, 2007: 652 (P. nigrita species group key); Mackay, Mackay, Fernández & Arias-Penna, in Fernández, 2008: 172 (Neotropical species key); Terayama, 2009: 105, 108 (Taiwan Pachycondyla, Cryptopone species keys); Heterick, 2009: 134 (south-western Australia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 26, 107 (New World Pachycondyla species revision, species complexes key and species key).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus atriceps nocens TRUE TRUE FALSEnocens. Camponotus abdominalis subsp. nocens Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 171 (s.w.q.) GRENADA I. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Emery, 1925b: 108. Status uncertain: Hashmi, 1973: 120. Currently subspecies of atriceps: Bolton, 1995b: 114, see under abdominalis and atriceps.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster laevis bruesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruesi. Crematogaster laevis var. bruesi Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 169 (w.q.) GRENADA I. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bruesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruesi. Pheidole triconstricta var. bruesi Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 169 (s.w.) GRENADA I. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 174.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus atriceps nocens TRUE TRUE FALSEnocens. Camponotus abdominalis subsp. nocens Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 171 (s.w.q.) GRENADA I. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Emery, 1925b: 108. Status uncertain: Hashmi, 1973: 120. Currently subspecies of atriceps: Bolton, 1995b: 114, see under abdominalis and atriceps.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster laevis bruesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruesi. Crematogaster laevis var. bruesi Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 169 (w.q.) GRENADA I. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bruesi TRUE TRUE FALSEbruesi. Pheidole triconstricta var. bruesi Wheeler, W.M. 1911b: 169 (s.w.) GRENADA I. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 174.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus unispinosa FALSE FALSE FALSEunispinosa. Formica unispinosa Fabricius, 1793: 359 (w.) GUADELUPE I. Combination in Odontomachus: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 187. Junior synonym of haematodus: Roger, 1861a: 24; Mayr, 1865: 63; possible synonym (senior) of bauri: Brown, 1976a: 102. Unidentifiable taxon; incertae sedis in Odontomachus: Bolton, 1995b: 297.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Leptothorax TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 18 species, 2 subspecies
Fossil:
Leptothorax Mayr, 1855: 431. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 214.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Myrmica clypeata, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1912d: 271; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79 and Emery, 1924d: 248.]
Leptothorax in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 431 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 57 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 458 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 122.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 54; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 63; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1916: 257; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 247; subsequent authors to the following.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105; Mackay, 2000: 267.
Junior synonyms of LEPTOTHORAX
Mychothorax Ruzsky, 1904a: 288. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mychothorax as subgenus of Leptothorax: Ruzsky, 1905b: 609; Emery, 1915g: 24; Emery, 1916b: 176; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679; Emery, 1924d: 260; Creighton, 1950a: 274.
Mychothorax as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Smith, M.R. 1950: 29; Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Bolton, 1982: 319. [Leptothorax and Mychothorax share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Doronomyrmex Kutter, 1945: 485. Type-species: Doronomyrmex pacis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Doronomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini:Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Doronomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105.
Doronomyrmex as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Heinze, 1998: 195; Bolton, 2003: 270.
Genus Leptothorax references
Mayr, 1855: 433 (Austria species key); Mayr, 1861: 58 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 26, 28, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 428, 456 (Leptothorax, Macromischa, Temnothorax catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 20, 21 (Macromischa, Leptothorax, Temnothorax diagnoses); Mayr, 1868c: 83 (†Baltic Amber species key); André, 1874: 188 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 84 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 293 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1886d: 451 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 70 (Russia species key); Emery, 1891b: 5 (North Africa species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 120, 122 (Macromischa, Leptothorax catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 317 (North America species key); Emery, 1896g: 58 (Neotropical species key); Bingham, 1903: 215 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1903c: 223 (North America species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 570 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 16 (Luxemburg species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 141 (Macromischa species key); Santschi, 1909b: 460 (L. rottenbergi group key); Bondroit, 1910: 496 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 60 (Central Europe species key); Crawley, 1914: 91 (Britain species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 147 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 176 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Arnold, 1916: 257 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Bondroit, 1918: 117 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1920: 408 (Macromischa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677 (Macromischa subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679 (Leptothorax subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 890 (Afrotropical catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1029 (Malagasy catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 245 (Macromischa catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 247 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 249 (L. (Goniothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 251 (L. (Leptothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 259 (L. (Temnothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 260 (L. (Dichothorax) & L. (Mychothorax) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 264 (Symmyrmica review, catalogue); Karavaiev, 1927c: 266 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 163 (Britain species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 38 (Turkestan species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 31 (Macromischa, Croesomyrmex, Antillaemyrmex checklists); Arnol'di, 1933b: 598 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 68 (Israel species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 134 (Ukraine species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 463 (Macromischa checklist); Menozzi, 1939a: 307 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 158 (Germany species key); Smith, M.R. 1939e: 503 (U.S.A. Macromischa species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 369 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 172 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 123 (Czechoslovakia males, key); Buren, 1944a: 286 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 178 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 251, 256 (North America Macromischa, Leptothorax species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 110 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1952b: 97 (U.S.A. L. tricarinatus complex, key); Bernard, 1956a: 151 (Western Europe species groups); Kusnezov, 1958c: 266 (subgenera key); Boven, 1959: 8 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 380 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 139 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964: 99 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 185 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 187 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 224 (Doronomyrmex diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 20 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1971: 1824 (Kazakhstan species key); Kempf, 1972a: 132, 135 (Neotropical Leptothorax, Macromischa catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 15 (Macromischa Cuba species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 83 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 103 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 540 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 83 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 68 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 533 (L. (Macromischa) all species revision, key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1391 (North America catalogue); Buschinger, 1981: 211 (Doronomyrmex review); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bolton, 1982: 319 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species key); Gösswald, 1985: 303 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 51 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 60 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Soyunov, 1988: 29 (former U.S.S.R. Temnothorax species); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 184, 188 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 136 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 349 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 26 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 129 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 52 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 111 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994d: 146 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 235 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 89 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 347 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 108 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 325 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 13 (Central Europe Doronomyrmex species key); Seifert, 1996b: 119 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Cagniant & Espadaler, 1997: 260 (Morocco species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama & Onoyama, 1999: 73 (Japan species key); Mackay, 2000: 265, 288, 297 (New World L. (Myrafant) species revision key, Mexico & Guatemala species key, species complexes key); Fontenla Rizo, 2001: 15 (Cuba Macromischa species key); Chang & He, 2001b: 1 (northwest China species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 143 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 93 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 270 (genus diagnosis); Lyu & Cho, 2003b: 269 (Korea species key); Radchenko, 2004: 131 (Eastern Palaearctic species, key); Deyrup & Cover, 2004a: 56 (southeast U.S.A. species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 118 (North and Central Europe species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex coronatus panamensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpanamensis. Atta (Acromyrmex) moelleri var. panamensis Forel, 1899c: 35, pl. 1, figs. 16, 17 (w.q.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 350. Subspecies of moelleri: Forel, 1908b: 40. Currently subspecies of coronatus: Santschi, 1925a: 360; Kempf, 1972a: 11.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex myops TRUE TRUE FALSEmyops. Apsychomyrmex myops Wheeler, W.M. 1910a: 261, fig. 2 (w.) GUATEMALA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955b: 29 (l.); Fernández, 2003b: 25 (q.). Combination in Adelomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 18.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone mystriops TRUE TRUE FALSEmystriops. Amblyopone mystriops Brown, 1960a: 185, fig. 19 (q.) GUATEMALA. Lattke, 1991c: 5 (w.).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca lucida TRUE TRUE FALSElucida. Azteca alfaroi r. lucida Forel, 1899c: 113 (s.w.) GUATEMALA. Raised to species: Forel, 1912h: 51. Subspecies of alfari: Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 223. Revived status as species: Longino, 1989: 13.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus abditus TRUE TRUE FALSEabditus. Camponotus (Colobopsis) abditus Forel, 1899c: 158 (q.) GUATEMALA. Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 216 (s.w.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1991b: 96 (l.).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus brettesi TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
brettesi. Camponotus brettesi Forel, 1899c: 141 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Current subspecies: nominal plus canalis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus formiciformis TRUE TRUE FALSEformiciformis. Camponotus senex r. formiciformis Forel, 1885a: 345 (s.w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 164. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 232; Forel, 1899c: 141.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus montivagus TRUE TRUE FALSEmontivagus. Camponotus nitidus r. montivagus Forel, 1885a: 347 (w.s.) GUATEMALA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 272; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57; in C. (Myrmentoma): Emery, 1925b: 118; Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 328. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 243. Senior synonym of nuperus: Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 328.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus peperi TRUE TRUE FALSEpeperi. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) peperi Forel, 1913l: 246 (s.w.) GUATEMALA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus claviscapus subcarinatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsubcarinatus. Camponotus claviscapus var. subcarinatus Forel, 1899c: 153, pl. 4, fig. 24 (s.) GUATEMALA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Mann, 1922: 53; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 157.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mucronatus hirsutinasus TRUE TRUE FALSEhirsutinasus. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) mucronatus subsp. hirsutinasus Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 226 (s.w.) GUATEMALA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes guatemalensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguatemalensis. Camponotus sylvaticus r. guatemalensis Forel, 1885a: 364 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of rubripes: Forel, 1886f: 143. Revived status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 233. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1896d: 371; Forel, 1899c: 135. Currently subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233; Kempf, 1972a: 69.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus coruscus fulgens TRUE TRUE FALSEfulgens. Camponotus coruscus var. fulgens Forel, 1885a: 345 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80. Currently subspecies of coruscus: Emery, 1896d: 375.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mucronatus formaster TRUE TRUE FALSEformaster. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) mucronatus subsp. formaster Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 227 (s.w.) GUATEMALA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rectangularis aulicus TRUE TRUE FALSEaulicus. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) rectangularis var. aulicus Wheeler, W.M. 1933a: 64 (s.w.) GUATEMALA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes sobrius TRUE TRUE FALSEsobrius. Paracryptocerus (Harnedia) sobrius Kempf, 1958a: 119, pl. 4, fig. 6; pl. 5, fig. 6; pl. 6, fig. 1 (s.w.q.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 602.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys toltecus TRUE TRUE FALSEtoltecus. Cerapachys toltecus Forel, 1909a: 247 (w.) GUATEMALA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster stollii TRUE TRUE FALSEstollii. Crematogaster stollii Forel, 1885a: 373 (w.) GUATEMALA. Forel, 1899c: 83 (q.). Combination in C. (Neocrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182; in C. (Oxygyne): Santschi, 1922d: 244; in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136; Kempf, 1972a: 89. Senior synonym of parvispina: Kempf, 1960c: 174; of hyperphyes: Kempf, 1968b: 384; of amazonensis, autruni, guianensis: Longino, 2003a: 109.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex major TRUE TRUE FALSEmajor. Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. major Forel, 1901c: 125 (w.) GUATEMALA. Raised to species: Snelling & Longino, 1992: 490.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton burchellii parvispinum TRUE TRUE FALSEparvispinum. Eciton burchelli var. parvispina Forel, 1899c: 23 (w.) GUATEMALA. Currently subspecies of burchellii: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. Senior synonym of infumatum: Borgmeier, 1955: 178.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera parva TRUE TRUE FALSEparva. Ponera parva Forel, 1909a: 244 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera distinguenda vana TRUE TRUE FALSEvana. Ponera distinguenda subsp. vana Forel, 1909a: 245 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera inexorata fallax TRUE TRUE FALSEfallax. Ponera inexorata subsp. fallax Forel, 1909a: 245 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 122.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex scrobiculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEscrobiculatus. Lachnomyrmex scrobiculatus Wheeler, W.M. 1910a: 263, fig. 3 (w.q.) GUATEMALA. Wheeler, G.C & Wheeler, J. 1989a: 321 (l.). See also: Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 40.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys quiriguana TRUE TRUE FALSEquiriguana. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) quiriguana Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 10, fig. 4 (w.) GUATEMALA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema dispertitum TRUE TRUE FALSEdispertitum. Iridomyrmex dispertitus Forel, 1885a: 351 (w.m.) GUATEMALA. Wild, 2007a: 44 (m.). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta triangulata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
triangulata. Myrmicocrypta triangulata Forel, 1912e: 190 (m.) GUATEMALA. Current subspecies: nominal plus peruviana.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex fumosus TRUE TRUE FALSEfumosus. Eciton (Acamatus) minus var. fumosa Forel, 1913l: 211 (m.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1955: 625.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia dispar TRUE TRUE FALSEdispar. Prenolepis (Nylanderia) dispar Forel, 1909a: 251 (w.q.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 166; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia guatemalensis TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
guatemalensis. Prenolepis vividula var. guatemalensis Forel, 1885a: 348 (w.q.) GUATEMALA. Wheeler, W.M. 1905f: 392 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986d: 336 (l.). Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1912i: 66; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 223; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Trager, 1984b: 139; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127. Subspecies of vividula: Forel, 1912i: 66; Wheeler, W.M. 1924a: 111. Raised to species: Forel, 1893g: 340; Forel, 1902b: 178; Smith, M.R. 1954c: 14; Trager, 1984b: 139. Current subspecies: nominal plus cocoensis, itinerans.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Rhopalothrix (Octostruma) wheeleri Mann, 1922: 43 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Octostruma: Brown, 1949f: 92. See also: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 191.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla curvinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEcurvinodis. Pachycondyla villosa r. curvinodis Forel, 1899c: 15, pl. 1, fig. 12 (w.) GUATEMALA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 298 (q.). Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 297. Junior synonym of inversa: Emery, 1911d: 73. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 297. Material of the unavailable name subversa referred here by Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 297.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla pergandei TRUE TRUE FALSEpergandei. Euponera (Mesoponera) pergandei Forel, 1909a: 245 (w.) GUATEMALA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1974g: 279 (l.); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 483 (m.). Combination in Mesoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 141; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 308.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Perissomyrmex snyderi TRUE TRUE FALSEsnyderi. Perissomyrmex snyderi Smith, M.R. 1947i: 282, figs. 1, 2 (w.) GUATEMALA. See also: Bolton, 1981b: 283; Longino & Hartley, 1995: 195; Ogata & Okido, 2007: 362. .
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole absurda TRUE TRUE FALSEabsurda. Pheidole absurda Forel, 1886b: xlvii (s.) GUATEMALA. Emery, 1890b: 48 (w.). Senior synonym of ridicula: Wilson, 2003: 646. See also: Emery, 1894k: 54.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole deceptrix TRUE TRUE FALSEdeceptrix. Pheidole deceptrix Forel, 1899c: 66, pl. 3, fig. 20 (s.) GUATEMALA. Senior synonym of chiapasana, variceps: Longino, 2009: 25. See also: Wilson, 2003: 679.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole defecta TRUE TRUE FALSEdefecta. Pheidole defecta Santschi, 1923d: 54 (s.) GUATEMALA. See also: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1992: 16; Wilson, 2003: 575.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gouldi TRUE TRUE FALSEgouldi. Pheidole gouldi Forel, 1886b: xlii (s.w.q.m.) GUATEMALA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 295.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole maja TRUE TRUE FALSEmaja. Pheidole maja Forel, 1886b: xlviii (s.w.q.) GUATEMALA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 322.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole susannae TRUE TRUE FALSEsusannae. Pheidole susannae Forel, 1886b: xliii (s.w.) GUATEMALA. Senior synonym of evoluta: Kempf, 1964e: 63; of atricolor: Wilson, 2003: 351; of obscurior (and its junior synonym partita): Longino, 2009: 79.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tschinkeli TRUE TRUE FALSEtschinkeli. Pheidole tschinkeli Wilson, 2003: 242, figs. (s.w.) GUATEMALA.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex guatemaltecus TRUE TRUE FALSEguatemaltecus. Pogonomyrmex guatemaltecus Wheeler, W.M. 1914e: 149 (w.q.) GUATEMALA.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Prionopelta modesta TRUE TRUE FALSEmodesta. Prionopelta modesta Forel, 1909a: 241 (w.) GUATEMALA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 447 (l.). See also: Brown, 1960a: 218.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex antiguanus TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
antiguanus. Pseudomyrma antiguana Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 78 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 215. Current subspecies: nominal plus brunnipes.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex caeciliae TRUE TRUE FALSEcaeciliae. Pseudomyrma eduardi r. caeciliae Forel, 1913l: 214 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 217. Raised to species: Ward, 1989: 410.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex opaciceps TRUE TRUE FALSEopaciceps. Pseudomyrmex opaciceps Ward, 1993: 159, fig. 5 (w.q.m.) GUATEMALA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex peperi TRUE TRUE FALSEpeperi. Pseudomyrma peperi Forel, 1913l: 213 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 222. Senior synonym of convarians, saffordi Enzmann: Ward, 1989: 452. See also: Ward, 1993: 146.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex rufomedius TRUE TRUE FALSErufomedius. Pseudomyrma rufomedia Smith, F. 1877b: 66 (q.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 386. Senior synonym of stolli: Ward, 1989: 443. See also: Kempf, 1960a: 7.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex weberi TRUE TRUE FALSEweberi. Pseudomyrma weberi Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 96, pl. 3, fig. 16 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 226.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex antiguanus brunnipes TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunnipes. Pseudomyrma antiguana var. brunnipes Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 79 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex Kempf, 1972a: 215.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex zacapanus TRUE TRUE FALSEzacapanus. Sericomyrmex zacapanus Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 54 (w.) GUATEMALA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Simopelta pergandei TRUE TRUE FALSEpergandei. Belonopelta pergandei Forel, 1909a: 242 (w.) GUATEMALA. Borgmeier, 1950a: 374 (q.l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1957b: 192 (l.). Combination in B. (Simopelta): Mann, 1922: 10; in Simopelta: Wheeler, W.M. 1935d: 11; in Belonopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 300; in Simopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 383. See also: Gotwald & Brown, 1967: 265; Mackay & Mackay, 2008: 318.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys mixta TRUE TRUE FALSEmixta. Strumigenys mixta Brown, 1953e: 4 (w.) GUATEMALA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 526.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax fuscatus TRUE TRUE FALSEfuscatus. Macromischa (Macromischa) fuscata Mann, 1920: 420 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 442; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax huehuetenangoi TRUE TRUE FALSEhuehuetenangoi. Leptothorax huehuetenangoi Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 451, figs. 64, 106 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax ixili TRUE TRUE FALSEixili. Leptothorax ixili Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 459, figs. 67, 111 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax stollii TRUE TRUE FALSEstollii. Leptothorax stollii Forel, 1885a: 352 (w.m.) GUATEMALA. Forel, 1899c: 54 (q.). Combination in L. (Myrafant): Kempf, 1972a: 132; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. See also: Mackay, 2000: 411.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax totonicapani TRUE TRUE FALSEtotonicapani. Leptothorax totonicapani Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 521, figs. 64, 102 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex intermedius TRUE TRUE FALSEintermedius. Atta (Trachymyrmex) intermedia Forel, 1909a: 249 (w.) GUATEMALA. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 253.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Xenomyrmex stollii TRUE TRUE FALSEstollii. Xenomyrmex stollii Forel, 1885a: 370 (w.) GUATEMALA. Senior synonym of mexicanus, nodosus: Creighton, 1957c: 10.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria TRUE TRUE FALSE40 species
Rogeria Emery, 1894c: 188. Type-species: Rogeria curvipubens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 172.
Taxonomic history
Rogeria in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kusnezov, 1958a: 44; Kusnezov, 1964: 57.
Rogeria in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Rogeria in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 266; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 724; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 111; Kempf, 1972a: 227; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1391; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Jaffe, 1993: 11; Kugler, C. 1994: 24.
Rogeria in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16.
Rogeria in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonym of ROGERIA
Irogera Emery, 1915i: 191 [as subgenus of Rogeria]. Type-species: Rogeria procera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Irogera in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Forel, 1917: 245; Emery, 1924d: 267; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 653.
Irogera as subgenus of Rogeria: Emery, 1915i: 191; Forel, 1917: 245; Emery, 1924d: 267; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 653.
Irogera as genus: Brown, 1953h: 4 (in text); Kempf, 1961d: 436; Kempf, 1964e: 66.
Irogera as junior synonym of Rogeria: Kempf, 1965: 185; Kugler, C. 1994: 23.
Genus Rogeria references
Mann, 1921: 456 (Melanesia species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677 (subgenera key); Emery, 1924d: 266 (diagnosis, catalogue); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 111 (Asia checklist); Kempf, 1963a: 195 (Neotropical species key); Kempf, 1964e: 66 (Irogera species key); Kempf, 1972a: 227 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1391 (North America catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 72 (New Caledonia checklist); Brandão, 1991: 377 (catalogue); Kugler, C. 1994: 17 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 381 (catalogue); LaPolla & Sosa-Calvo, 2006: 67 (Guyana species key); Heterick, 2009: 175 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex landolti myersi TRUE TRUE FALSEmyersi. Acromyrmex (Moellerius) balzani subsp. myersi Weber, 1937: 408 (w.) GUYANA. Currently subspecies of landolti: Kempf, 1972a: 16. See also: Fowler, 1988: 288.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex coronatus globoculis TRUE TRUE FALSEgloboculis. Acromyrmex coronatus subsp. globoculis Kempf, 1972a: 11 (w.) GUYANA. [First available use of Acromyrmex moelleri r. meinerti var. globoculis Forel, 1916: 429; unavailable name.] Weber, 1937: 408 (q.).
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga ayanganna TRUE TRUE FALSEayanganna. Acropyga ayanganna LaPolla, 2004a: 71, figs. 28, 43, 46 (w.q.m.) GUYANA.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga donisthorpei TRUE TRUE FALSEdonisthorpei. Acropyga (Rhizomyrma) donisthorpei Weber, 1944: 118, figs. 9, 20, 21 (w.) GUYANA. LaPolla, 2004a: (q.). Senior synonym of oko, paludis: LaPolla, 2004a: 58.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga guianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguianensis. Acropyga (Rhizomyrma) guianensis Weber, 1944: 120, fig. 1 (w.) GUYANA. LaPolla, 2004a: 76 (q.).
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga romeo TRUE TRUE FALSEromeo. Acropyga romeo LaPolla, 2004a: 57, figs. 22, 45 (w.) GUYANA.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga stenotes TRUE TRUE FALSEstenotes. Acropyga stenotes LaPolla, 2004a: 79, fig. 33 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma dorotheae TRUE TRUE FALSEdorotheae. Apterostigma dorotheae Weber, 1937: 389, fig. 5 (w.) GUYANA. See also: Lattke, 1997: 153.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma epinotale TRUE TRUE FALSEepinotale. Apterostigma epinotale Weber, 1937: 390, fig. 6 (w.) GUYANA. Weber, 1946b: 135 (q.m.). See also: Lattke, 1997: 154.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma jubatum TRUE TRUE FALSEjubatum. Apterostigma jubatum Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 47 (w.q.) GUYANA. Lattke, 1997: 159 (m.). Junior synonym of robustum: Weber, 1958c: 249. Revived from synonymy: Lattke, 1997: 158.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca foveiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEfoveiceps. Azteca foveiceps Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 163, fig. 16 (w.q.m.) GUYANA.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca trailii tillandsiarum TRUE TRUE FALSEtillandsiarum. Azteca traili var. tillandsiarum Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 243 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Basiceros redux TRUE TRUE FALSEredux. Rhopalothrix redux Donisthorpe, 1939c: 152 (m.) GUYANA. Combination in Basiceros: Bolton, 1995b: 80. See also: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 164.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex heeri basalis TRUE TRUE FALSEbasalis. Brachymyrmex heeri var. basalis Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 166 (w.) GUYANA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus beebei TRUE TRUE FALSEbeebei. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) beebei Wheeler, W.M. 1918b: 27 (w.) GUYANA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus corniculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcorniculatus. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) corniculatus Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 236, fig. 6 (s.w.q.) GUYANA. [Camponotus corniculatus Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 424. Nomen nudum.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ignestii TRUE TRUE FALSEignestii. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) ignestii Menozzi, 1935b: 200, fig. 4 (s.) GUYANA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus patimae TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
patimae. Camponotus (Paracolobopsis) patimae Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 260, pl. 57, fig. b (s.w.m.) GUYANA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Kempf, 1972a: 46. Current subspecies: nominal plus dolentulus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus patimae dolentulus TRUE TRUE FALSEdolentulus. Camponotus (Paracolobopsis) patimae var. dolentulus Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 262 (s.w.) GUYANA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Kempf, 1972a: 47.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus linnaei maccus TRUE TRUE FALSEmaccus. Camponotus (Manniella) linnaei subsp. maccus Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 213 (s.w.) GUYANA. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Kempf, 1972a: 49.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pittieri poenalis TRUE TRUE FALSEpoenalis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) pittieri var. poenalis Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 167 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Carebara bicarinata TRUE TRUE FALSEbicarinata. Carebara bicarinata Santschi, 1912a: 139, figs. 1, 2 (q.m.) GUYANA. See also: Fernández, 2004a: 213.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes marginatus TRUE TRUE FALSEmarginatus. Cryptocerus marginatus Fabricius, 1804: 419 (q.) GUYANA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 124 (m.). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 124. Junior synonym of atratus: Klug, 1824: 200; Roger, 1862c: 291. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of decemspinosus (and its junior synonym spissus): De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 124.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes opacus TRUE TRUE FALSEopacus. Cephalotes opacus Santschi, 1920f: 147 (w.) GUYANA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 149 (q.m.). Combination in Eucryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 131; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 147. Junior synonym of placidus: Kempf, 1959a: 92. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of abdominalis: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 147.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pallidus TRUE TRUE FALSEpallidus. Cephalotes pallidus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 473, figs. 218-221, 390 (s.w.q.m.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes palustris TRUE TRUE FALSEpalustris. Cephalotes palustris De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 322, fig. 139 (s.w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes simillimus TRUE TRUE FALSEsimillimus. Paracryptocerus (Paracryptocerus) simillimus Kempf, 1951: 184, figs. 125, 126 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 388; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 208.
Ecitoninae Cheliomyrmecini Cheliomyrmex megalonyx TRUE TRUE FALSEmegalonyx. Cheliomyrmex megalonyx Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 322, figs. 5, 9, 10 (s.w.m.) GUYANA. Wheeler, G.C. 1943: 320 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1984: 267 (l.). See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 67.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster delitescens TRUE TRUE FALSEdelitescens. Crematogaster (Orthocrema) delitescens Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 152 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster brasiliensis arawak TRUE TRUE FALSEarawak. Crematogaster brasiliensis subsp. arawak Weber, 1938a: 208 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex faunulus TRUE TRUE FALSEfaunulus. Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus subsp. faunulus Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 44 (w.q.) GUYANA. Raised to species: Kempf, 1964d: 23. Senior synonym of petiolatus: Kempf, 1972a: 92.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Discothyrea denticulata TRUE TRUE FALSEdenticulata. Discothyrea denticulata Weber, 1939a: 100, fig. 4 (w.) GUYANA. See also: Sosa-Calvo & Longino, 2008: 225.
Dolichoderinae Dolichoderini Dolichoderus decollatus TRUE TRUE FALSEdecollatus. Dolichoderus decollatus Smith, F. 1858b: 75 (w.q.) GUYANA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 178 (l.). Senior synonym of capitatus, neglectus: Mackay, 1993b: 48.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix clypeata TRUE TRUE FALSEclypeata. Eurhopalothrix clypeata Brown & Kempf, 1960: 205, fig. 37 (w.) GUYANA.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys gracilis TRUE TRUE FALSEgracilis. Holcoponera gracilis Santschi, 1929h: 468, figs. 14, 41 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. See also: Lattke, 1995: 168.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys horni TRUE TRUE FALSEhorni. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) regulare st. horni Santschi, 1929h: 475, fig. 47 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. Raised to species: Brown, 1958g: 228. See also: Lattke, 1995: 170.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Hylomyrma reginae TRUE TRUE FALSEreginae. Hylomyrma reginae Kutter, 1977a: 85, figs. 1-4 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Lachnomyrmex platynodus TRUE TRUE FALSEplatynodus. Lachnomyrmex platynodus Feitosa & Brandão, 2008: 34, figs. 13, 18 (w.) GUYANA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys dasygyna TRUE TRUE FALSEdasygyna. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) dasygyna Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 8, fig. 3 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys gaigei TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
gaigei. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) gaigei Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 7, fig. 2 (w.) GUYANA. Current subspecies: nominal plus defuga.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys guianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguianensis. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) guianensis Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 12, fig. 5 (w.) GUYANA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys langi TRUE TRUE FALSElangi. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) langi Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 5, fig. 1 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys gaigei defuga TRUE TRUE FALSEdefuga. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) gaigei var. defuga Wheeler, W.M. 1923d: 8 (w.) GUYANA.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista donisthorpei TRUE TRUE FALSEdonisthorpei. Myrmelachista (Decamera) donisthorpei Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 204 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista flavida TRUE TRUE FALSEflavida. Myrmelachista (Decamera) flavida Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 205 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista guyanensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguyanensis. Myrmelachista guyanensis Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 198 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta elisabethae TRUE TRUE FALSEelisabethae. Myrmicocrypta elisabethae Weber, 1937: 383 (q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta guianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguianensis. Myrmicocrypta guianensis Weber, 1937: 385 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta infuscata TRUE TRUE FALSEinfuscata. Myrmicocrypta infuscata Weber, 1946b: 131 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta spinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEspinosa. Myrmicocrypta spinosa Weber, 1937: 382 (w.) GUYANA. Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 667 (l.).
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta unidentata TRUE TRUE FALSEunidentata. Myrmicocrypta unidentata Weber, 1937: 384 (w.) GUYANA.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex emersoni TRUE TRUE FALSEemersoni. Eciton (Acamatus) angustinode subsp. emersoni Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 311 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 18. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1953: 18. Senior synonym of haskinsi: Borgmeier, 1955: 555.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex iridescens TRUE TRUE FALSEiridescens. Neivamyrmex iridescens Borgmeier, 1950c: 623, figs. 1-5 (w.) GUYANA. Material in copal: DuBois, 1998a: 138. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 540.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex pleuriticus TRUE TRUE FALSEpleuriticus. Leptothorax (Nesomyrmex) pleuriticus Kempf, 1959c: 417 figs. 2, 22, 27 (w.q.m.) GUYANA. [First available use of Leptothorax (Goniothorax) echinatinodis subsp. aculeatinodis var. pleuriticus Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 158; unavailable name.] Combination in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex rutilans TRUE TRUE FALSErutilans. Leptothorax rutilans Kempf, 1958c: 100, figs. 11, 16, 20 (w.) GUYANA. Kempf, 1959c: 424 (q.). Combination in L. (Nesomyrmex): Kempf, 1959c: 423; in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla carinulata TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinulata. Ponera carinulata Roger, 1861a: 4 (q.) GUYANA. Emery, 1890a: 73 (w.); Mann, 1916: 412 (w.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Roger, 1863b: 18; in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 303. Senior synonym of azteca, gibbinota: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 232.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla guianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguianensis. Wadeura guianensis Weber, 1939a: 103, figs. 5, 6 (w.q.) GUYANA. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 369 (m.). Combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305. Senior synonym of haskinsi: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 367.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cataractae TRUE TRUE FALSEcataractae. Pheidole cataractae Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 6 (s.w.) GUYANA. See also: Wilson, 2003: 178.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cramptoni TRUE TRUE FALSEcramptoni. Pheidole cramptoni Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 4 (s.w.) GUYANA. Senior synonym of petiolicola: Kempf & Brown, 1968: 97. See also: Wilson, 2003: 677.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole funki TRUE TRUE FALSEfunki. Pheidole funki LaPolla, in LaPolla & Cover, 2005: 366, fig. 1 (s.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gigliolii FALSE FALSE FALSEgigliolii. Pheidole gigliolii Menozzi, 1935b: 193, fig. 2 (s.) GUYANA. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole microgyna TRUE TRUE FALSEmicrogyna. Pheidole microgyna Wheeler, W.M. 1928b: 186 (w.q.m.) GUYANA. See also: Wilson, 1984: 323; Wilson, 2003: 456.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole synarmata TRUE TRUE FALSEsynarmata. Pheidole synarmata Wilson, 2003: 763, figs. (s.w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tachigaliae TRUE TRUE FALSEtachigaliae. Pheidole tachigaliae Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 148 (s.w.q.) GUYANA. Combination in P. (Hendecapheidole): Wheeler, W.M. 1922d: 3. See also: Smith, M.R. 1955c: 304; Wilson, 2003: 639.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole transversostriata TRUE TRUE FALSEtransversostriata. Pheidole transversostriata Mayr, 1887: 584 (s.) GUYANA. Senior synonym of lacerta, nigridens: Wilson, 2003: 645.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex beccarii TRUE TRUE FALSEbeccarii. Pseudomyrma beccarii Menozzi, 1935b: 192, fig. 1 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 215.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex malignus TRUE TRUE FALSEmalignus. Pseudomyrma maligna Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 143, fig. 14 (w.q.m.) GUYANA. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1990a: 464 (l.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 400. Senior synonym of auripes, cholerica, crucians: Ward, 1989: 440. See also: Ward, 1999b: 496.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex niger TRUE TRUE FALSEniger. Pseudomyrma nigra Donisthorpe, 1940a: 39 (w.) GUYANA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 438.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica dahlanae TRUE TRUE FALSEdahlanae. Pyramica dahlanae Sosa-Calso, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010: 15, figs. 1-5 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica depressiceps TRUE TRUE FALSEdepressiceps. Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) depressiceps Weber, 1934a: 47, figs. 6, 14 (w.m.) GUYANA. Combination in Smithistruma (Platystruma): Brown, 1953g: 112; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 218.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica mariae TRUE TRUE FALSEmariae. Pyramica mariae Sosa-Calso, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010: 18, figs. 6, 8, 10 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria tsumani TRUE TRUE FALSEtsumani. Rogeria tsumani LaPolla & Sosa-Calvo, 2006: 61, figs. 11, 22 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex harekulli TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
harekulli. Sericomyrmex harekulli Weber, 1937: 398, fig. 10 (w.) GUYANA. Current subspecies: nominal plus arawakensis.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex impexus TRUE TRUE FALSEimpexus. Sericomyrmex impexus Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 54 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex lutzi TRUE TRUE FALSElutzi. Sericomyrmex lutzi Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 9 (w.q.m.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex harekulli arawakensis TRUE TRUE FALSEarawakensis. Sericomyrmex harekulli subsp. arawakensis Weber, 1937: 399, fig. 11 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis parabiotica TRUE TRUE FALSEparabiotica. Solenopsis parabiotica Weber, 1943a: 90, fig. 2 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis helena ultrix TRUE TRUE FALSEultrix. Solenopsis helena subsp. ultrix Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 157 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis helena hermione TRUE TRUE FALSEhermione. Solenopsis helena subsp. hermione Wheeler, W.M. 1921f: 157 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys acarai TRUE TRUE FALSEacarai. Pyramica acarai Sosa-Calso, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010: 26, figs. 26-39 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys dolichognatha TRUE TRUE FALSEdolichognatha. Strumigenys (Strumigenys) cordovensis subsp. dolichognatha Weber, 1934a: 40 (w.m.) GUYANA. Raised to species: Brown, 1958c: 223. See also: Bolton, 2000: 534.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys precava TRUE TRUE FALSEprecava. Strumigenys precava Brown, 1954c: 196 (w.q.) GUYANA. See also: Bolton, 2000: 547.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys royi TRUE TRUE FALSEroyi. Pyramica royi Sosa-Calso, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010: 21, figs. 14-25 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys waiwai TRUE TRUE FALSEwaiwai. Pyramica waiwai Sosa-Calso, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010: 30, figs. 40-47 (w.) GUYANA.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex atrox TRUE TRUE FALSEatrox. Thaumatomyrmex atrox Weber, 1939a: 98, fig. 3 (w.) GUYANA. Senior synonym of manni, zeteki: Longino, 1988: 38. See also: Kempf, 1975b: 122; Brandão, Diniz & Tomotake, 1991: 339.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex guianensis TRUE TRUE FALSEguianensis. Trachymyrmex guianensis Weber, 1937: 404 (w.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex phaleratus TRUE TRUE FALSEphaleratus. Trachymyrmex phaleratus Wheeler, W.M. 1925a: 39 (w.q.) GUYANA.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Sericomyrmex wheeleri Weber, 1937: 396, fig. 8 (w.q.) GUYANA. Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 670 (l.). Combination in Trachymyrmex: Weber, 1958b: 54. Senior synonym of pakeelai: Weber, 1958b: 54. Senior synonym of opulentus: Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2002: 680.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga dubitata TRUE TRUE FALSEdubitata. Rhizomyrma dubitata Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 47 (m.) HAITI. Combination in Acropyga (Rhizomyrma): Emery, 1925b: 29. See also: LaPolla, 2004a: 45.
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga parvidens TRUE TRUE FALSEparvidens. Rhizomyrma parvidens Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 46 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Acropyga (Rhizomyrma): Emery, 1925b: 30. Senior synonym of mesonotalis: LaPolla, 2004a: 56.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus haytianus TRUE TRUE FALSEhaytianus. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) haytianus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 15, fig. 6 (w.) HAITI. See also: Brown, 1978c: 611.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus longispinus TRUE TRUE FALSElongispinus. Anochetus (Stenomyrmex) haytianus subsp. longispina Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 196 (w.) HAITI. Raised to species: Brown, 1978c: 611.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster relicta TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
relicta. Aphaenogaster relicta Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 25, fig. 8c (w.q.m.) HAITI. Combination in Novomessor: Emery, 1915d: 73; in Veromessor: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 382; in Aphaenogaster: Bolton, 1982: 341. Current subspecies: nominal plus epinotalis.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster relicta epinotalis TRUE TRUE FALSEepinotalis. Aphaenogaster relicta subsp. epinotalis Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 27, figs. 8a,b (w.) HAITI. Combination in Veromessor: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 384; in Aphaenogaster: Bolton, 1995b: 69.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus albistramineus TRUE TRUE FALSEalbistramineus. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) albistramineus Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 208 (w.) HAITI.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus altivagans TRUE TRUE FALSEaltivagans. Camponotus (Myrmeurynota) altivagans Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 207 (s.w.) HAITI.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus augustei TRUE TRUE FALSEaugustei. Camponotus christophei subsp. augustei Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 59 (s.w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Emery, 1925b: 168. Raised to species: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 207.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus christophei TRUE TRUE FALSEchristophei. Camponotus christophei Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 57, figs. 25, 26 (s.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1914a: 274.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus toussainti TRUE TRUE FALSEtoussainti. Camponotus toussainti Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 60, fig. 27 (w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Forel, 1914a: 274.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus ramulorum vernulus TRUE TRUE FALSEvernulus. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) ramulorum var. vernula Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 206 (s.w.) HAITI.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus soulouquei TRUE TRUE FALSEsoulouquei. Camponotus maculatus r. soulouquei Forel, 1901h: 68 (s.w.q.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Currently subspecies of fumidus: Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus imbecillus TRUE TRUE FALSEimbecillus. Camponotus fumidus var. imbecillus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 52 (s.w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus illitus TRUE TRUE FALSEillitus. Camponotus fumidus var. illitus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 51, fig. 22 (s.w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus haytianus TRUE TRUE FALSEhaytianus. Camponotus maculatus subsp. haytianus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 48, fig. 20 (s.w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Currently subspecies of fumidus: Santschi, 1922c: 101.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus fraterculus TRUE TRUE FALSEfraterculus. Camponotus maculatus subsp. fraterculus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 50, fig. 21 (s.w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Currently subspecies of fumidus: Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus claviscapus occultus TRUE TRUE FALSEoccultus. Camponotus claviscapus subsp. occultus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 56, fig. 24 (s.w.q.m.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 157.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes plombyi TRUE TRUE FALSEplombyi. Camponotus maculatus subsp. plombyi Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 47, fig. 19 (s.w.) HAITI. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Currently subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes haemorrhoidalis FALSE FALSE FALSEhaemorrhoidalis. Formica haemorrhoidalis Latreille, 1802c: 276 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Cryptocerus: Lepeletier, 1835: 172; in Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus): Emery, 1915i: 192; in Cryptocerus (Hypocryptocerus): Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; in Hypocryptocerus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 200; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384. See also: Kempf, 1951: 146. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 735.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes vinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEvinosus. Hypocryptocerus haemorrhoidalis subsp. vinosus Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 202 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 384; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 98. Raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 98. See also: Kempf, 1951: 152.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys haytiana TRUE TRUE FALSEhaytiana. Spaniopone haytiana Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 11, fig. 4 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 228. See also: Lattke, 1995: 170.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys schmitti TRUE TRUE FALSEschmitti. Emeryella schmitti Forel, 1901e: 334 (w.) HAITI. Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 9 (m.l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952a: 127 (l.). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of minor: Brown, 1958g: 229.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys antillana TRUE TRUE FALSEantillana. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) antillana Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 14, fig. 5 (w.) HAITI.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema flavescens TRUE TRUE FALSEflavescens. Iridomyrmex keiteli var. flavescens Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 43 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Raised to species: Wild, 2007a: 49.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Linepithema keiteli TRUE TRUE FALSEkeiteli. Iridomyrmex keiteli Forel, 1907e: 8 (w.q.) HAITI. Wild, 2007a: 78 (m.). Combination in Linepithema: Shattuck, 1992a: 16. Senior synonym of subfasciatus: Wild, 2007a: 77.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista gagates TRUE TRUE FALSEgagates. Myrmelachista gagates Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 204 (w.) HAITI.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia darlingtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEdarlingtoni. Nylanderia darlingtoni Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 210 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 366; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole darlingtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEdarlingtoni. Pheidole darlingtoni Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 198 (w.) HAITI. See also: Wilson, 2003: 405.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole terresi TRUE TRUE FALSEterresi. Pheidole terresi Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 22 (s.w.q.) HAITI. Senior synonym of illota: Wilson, 2003: 523.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea strenua TRUE TRUE FALSEstrenua. Platythyrea strenua Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 6, fig. 1 (w.) HAITI.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex saucius TRUE TRUE FALSEsaucius. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) saucius Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 29, figs. 10, 11 (w.m.) HAITI. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 341.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex schmitti TRUE TRUE FALSE3 subspecies
schmitti. Pogonomyrmex schmitti Forel, 1901e: 339 (w.) HAITI. Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 28 (q.). Combination in P. (Ephebomyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390; in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 341. Current subspecies: nominal plus aterrimus, darlingtoni, sublaevigatus.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex schmitti sublaevigatus TRUE TRUE FALSEsublaevigatus. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) schmitti var. sublaevigatus Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 29 (w.q.) HAITI. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 341. Currently subspecies of schmitti: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 197.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex schmitti darlingtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEdarlingtoni. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) schmitti subsp. darlingtoni Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 197 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 340.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex schmitti aterrimus TRUE TRUE FALSEaterrimus. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) schmitti subsp. aterrimus Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 197 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Ephebomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 106; in Pogonomyrmex: Bolton, 1995b: 339.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex haytianus TRUE TRUE FALSEhaytianus. Pseudomyrma championi r. haytiana Forel, 1901e: 342 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1961a: 393. Raised to species: Wheeler, W.M. 1936b: 196. Senior synonym of affinis, torquata: Kempf, 1961a: 393.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex subater TRUE TRUE FALSEsubater. Pseudomyrma elongata subsp. subatra Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 19 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 224. Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 224. See also: Ward, 1985b: 228; Ward, 1990: 486.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma opacum TRUE TRUE FALSEopacum. Tapinoma opacum Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 43 (w.m.) HAITI.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax flavidulus TRUE TRUE FALSEflavidulus. Macromischa flavidula Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 37, fig. 15 (w.q.) HAITI. Combination in M. (Antillaemyrmex): Mann, 1920: 408; in Antillaemyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 32; in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 441; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax sallei TRUE TRUE FALSEsallei. Myrmica sallei Guérin-Méneville, 1852: 73, pl. 3, figs. 1-4 (w.q.m.) HAITI. Combination in Pogonomyrmex: Dalla Torre, 1893: 120; in Macromischa: Forel, 1899c: 57 (footnote); in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 489; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.Senior synonym of russula: Roger, 1862c: 293; of haytiana, opacinoda: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 490.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex haytianus TRUE TRUE FALSEhaytianus. Atta (Trachymyrmex) jamaicensis subsp. haytiana Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 41, fig. 18 (w.) HAITI. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 253. Raised to species: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2007: 6.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Acanthognathus lentus TRUE TRUE FALSElentus. Acanthognathus lentus Mann, 1922: 34, fig. 16 (w.q.) HONDURAS. See also: Brown & Kempf, 1969: 95; Kempf, 1975a: 412; Bolton, 2000: 16.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus minans TRUE TRUE FALSEminans. Anochetus minans Mann, 1922: 17 (w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster honduriana TRUE TRUE FALSEhonduriana. Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma) honduriana Mann, 1922: 23, fig. 11 (w.q.) HONDURAS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Belonopelta deletrix TRUE TRUE FALSEdeletrix. Belonopelta (Belonopelta) deletrix Mann, 1922: 9, fig. 4 (w.) HONDURAS. Wilson, 1955b: 82 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 452 (l.). Combination in Leiopelta: Baroni Urbani, 1975b: 309; in Belonopelta: Bolton, 1995b: 80.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus sanctaefidei hondurianus TRUE TRUE FALSEhondurianus. Camponotus (Myrmorhachis) quadrilaterus var. hondurianus Mann, 1922: 53 (w.) HONDURAS. Combination in C. (Myrmocladoecus): Emery, 1925b: 167. Currently subspecies of sanctaefidei: Emery, 1925b: 167; Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 231.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes lenca TRUE TRUE FALSElenca. Cephalotes lenca De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 609, fig. 258 (w.) HONDURAS.
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys hondurianus TRUE TRUE FALSEhondurianus. Cerapachys (Parasyscia) hondurianus Mann, 1922: 1 (w.q.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex costatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcostatus. Cyphomyrmex costatus Mann, 1922: 44 (w.) HONDURAS. Kempf, 1966: 175 (q.). Senior synonym of colombianus: Kempf, 1966: 172.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix gravis TRUE TRUE FALSEgravis. Rhopalothrix (Rhopalothrix) gravis Mann, 1922: 40, fig. 19 (w.q.m.) HONDURAS. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 117 (l.). Combination in Eurhopalothrix: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 211. Senior synonym of reichenspergeri, schmidti: Brown & Kempf, 1960: 211.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera perplexa TRUE TRUE FALSEperplexa. Ponera perplexa Mann, 1922: 8 (w.) HONDURAS. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys donisthorpei TRUE TRUE FALSEdonisthorpei. Leptogenys (Leptogenys) donisthorpei Mann, 1922: 11, fig. 6 (w.) HONDURAS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys gagates TRUE TRUE FALSEgagates. Leptogenys (Leptogenys) gagates Mann, 1922: 11, fig. 5 (w.) HONDURAS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys honduriana TRUE TRUE FALSEhonduriana. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) honduriana Mann, 1922: 13, fig. 7 (w.) HONDURAS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys imperatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEimperatrix. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) imperatrix Mann, 1922: 15, fig. 8 (w.q.) HONDURAS.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys rufa TRUE TRUE FALSErufa. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) rufa Mann, 1922: 14 (w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta ednaella TRUE TRUE FALSEednaella. Myrmicocrypta ednaella Mann, 1922: 46, fig. 20 (w.q.) HONDURAS.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex impudens TRUE TRUE FALSEimpudens. Eciton (Acamatus) impudens Mann, 1922: 19, fig. 9 (w.) HONDURAS. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 10. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 381.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole anima TRUE TRUE FALSEanima. Pheidole anima Wilson, 2003: 168, figs. (s.w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ceibana TRUE TRUE FALSEceibana. Pheidole ceibana Wilson, 2003: 394, figs. (s.w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole floricola TRUE TRUE FALSEfloricola. Pheidole floricola Wilson, 2003: 423, figs. (s.w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole harrisonfordi TRUE TRUE FALSEharrisonfordi. Pheidole harrisonfordi Wilson, 2003: 433, figs. (s.w.) HONDURAS. Senior synonym of prolixa, ruida, tenebra: Longino, 2009: 37.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole walkeri TRUE TRUE FALSEwalkeri. Pheidole walkeri Mann, 1922: 27, fig. 13 (s.w.) HONDURAS. See also: Wilson, 2003: 777. Senior synonym of arietans, glyphoderma, triumbonata: Longino, 2009: 86.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole wardi TRUE TRUE FALSEwardi. Pheidole wardi Wilson, 2003: 634, figs. (s.w.) HONDURAS.
Ponerinae Platythyreini Platythyrea lenca TRUE TRUE FALSElenca. Platythyrea lenca De Andrade, 2004: 648 (w.) HONDURAS.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium mancum TRUE TRUE FALSEmancum. Proceratium mancum Mann, 1922: 6 (w.q.) HONDURAS. Junior synonym of silaceum: Brown, 1974a: 82. Revived from synonymy: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 430.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica brevicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevicornis. Strumigenys brevicornis Mann, 1922: 38 (w.q.) HONDURAS. Combination in Neostruma: Brown, 1948e: 111; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Senior synonym of mustelina: Bolton, 2000: 180. See also: Brown, 1959b: 10.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria belti TRUE TRUE FALSEbelti. Rogeria belti Mann, 1922: 31 (w.) HONDURAS. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1989a: 324 (l.); Kugler, C. 1994: 61 (q.m.).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria inermis TRUE TRUE FALSEinermis. Rogeria inermis Mann, 1922: 32, fig. 15 (w.) HONDURAS. Kugler, C. 1994: 63 (q.).
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria scandens TRUE TRUE FALSEscandens. Macromischa scandens Mann, 1922: 30, fig. 14 (w.) HONDURAS. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986f: 493 (l.); Kugler, C. 1994: 39 (q.). Combination in Irogera: Kempf, 1961d: 438; in Rogeria: Kempf, 1965: 185.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma diversum TRUE TRUE FALSEdiversum. Stenamma diversum Mann, 1922: 20 (w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma felixi TRUE TRUE FALSEfelixi. Stenamma felixi Mann, 1922: 21, fig. 10 (w.) HONDURAS.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys emeryi TRUE TRUE FALSEemeryi. Strumigenys (Strumigenys) emeryi Mann, 1922: 37, fig. 18 (w.q.) HONDURAS. See also: Brown, 1959a: 97; Bolton, 2000: 513.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys ludia TRUE TRUE FALSEludia. Strumigenys (Strumigenys) ludia Mann, 1922: 35, fig. 17 (w.) HONDURAS. Brown, 1954c: 195 (q.). Senior synonym of tenuis: Brown, 1954c: 194. See also: Bolton, 2000: 528.
Ponerinae Thaumatomyrmecini Thaumatomyrmex ferox TRUE TRUE FALSEferox. Thaumatomyrmex ferox Mann, 1922: 3, fig. 1 (w.) HONDURAS. Vazquez, et al. 2010: 25 (q.). Senior synonym of paludis: Longino, 1988: 38. See also: Kempf, 1975b: 119.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex opulentus TRUE TRUE FALSEopulentus. Sericomyrmex opulenta Mann, 1922: 48, fig. 21 (w.) HONDURAS. Combination in Trachymyrmex: Weber, 1958b: 51. Senior synonym of wheeleri (and its junior synonym pakeelai): Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2002: 680.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus capperi TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
capperi. Camponotus capperi Forel, 1899c: 138 (s.w.) JAMAICA. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 268; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 468; in C. (Myrmamblys): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156. Current subspecies: nominal plus corticalis, formosulus, subdepilis, unctulus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus conspicuus TRUE TRUE FALSE4 subspecies
conspicuus. Formica conspicua Smith, F. 1858b: 48 (q.) JAMAICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 462 (s.w.m.). Combination in Camponotus: Roger, 1863b: 5; in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 80. Current subspecies: nominal plus inaequalis, sharpi, williamsi, zonatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fugax TRUE TRUE FALSEfugax. Camponotus fugax Forel, 1902b: 173 (s.w.) JAMAICA. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus hannani TRUE TRUE FALSEhannani. Camponotus hannani Forel, 1899c: 131 (footnote) (w.) JAMAICA. Forel, 1907e: 11 (m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 468 (q.). Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1912i: 91. Senior synonym of willardi: Hashmi, 1973: 12.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus capperi unctulus TRUE TRUE FALSEunctulus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) capperi subsp. unctulus Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 470, fig. 3 (s.w.q.) JAMAICA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus capperi subdepilis TRUE TRUE FALSEsubdepilis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) capperi subsp. subdepilis Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 470 (s.w.) JAMAICA. [First available use of Camponotus capperi subsp. corticalis var. subdepilis Wheeler, W.M. 1908b: 163; unavailable name.] Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus capperi formosulus TRUE TRUE FALSEformosulus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) capperi var. formosulus Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 468, fig. 3d (w.m.) JAMAICA. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus capperi corticalis TRUE TRUE FALSEcorticalis. Camponotus capperi r. corticalis Forel, 1899c: 138 (w.) JAMAICA. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 470; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjamaicensis. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus subsp. jamaicensis Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 465, fig. 2 (s.w.m.) JAMAICA. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82. Currently subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjamaicensis. Cryptocerus (Cyathocephalus) varians var. jamaicensis Forel, 1922: 97 (w.) JAMAICA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 467 (s.). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 465. Junior synonym of varians: Kempf, 1958a: 155. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 465.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster vicina TRUE TRUE FALSEvicina. Crematogaster vicina André, 1893b: 151 (w.) JAMAICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 461 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. Subspecies of brevispinosa: Forel, 1912f: 212. Revived status as species: Longino, 2003a: 131. Senior synonym of wighti: Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 461 (in text).
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex foxi TRUE TRUE FALSEfoxi. Cyphomyrmex foxi André, 1892a: 55 (w.) JAMAICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 461 (q.). See also: Kempf, 1966: 186; Snelling & Longino, 1992: 487.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex podargus TRUE TRUE FALSEpodargus. Cyphomyrmex podargus Snelling & Longino, 1992: 487, figs. 8, 16, 20 (w.) JAMAICA.
Ponerinae Ponerini Hypoponera opaciceps jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjamaicensis. Ponera opaciceps var. jamaicensis Aguayo, 1932: 216 (w.) JAMAICA. Combination in Hypoponera: Kempf, 1972a: 123. Currently subspecies of opaciceps: Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 445.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole caribbaea TRUE TRUE FALSEcaribbaea. Pheidole caribbaea Wheeler, W.M. 1911a: 23 (s.w.q.m.) JAMAICA. Senior synonym of sloanei: Wilson, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hecate TRUE TRUE FALSEhecate. Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) hecate Wheeler, W.M. 1911a: 26 (s.w.) JAMAICA. Combination in Ceratopheidole: Emery, 1922e: 113; in Pheidole: Kempf, 1972a: 183. Senior synonym of bruesi, malevola: Wilson, 2003: 544.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjamaicensis. Pheidole punctatissima subsp. jamaicensis Wheeler, W.M. 1908b: 161 (s.w.) JAMAICA. Junior synonym of bilimeki: Wilson, 2003: 378. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Longino & Cox, 2009: 41.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole stomachosa TRUE TRUE FALSEstomachosa. Pheidole floridana subsp. stomachosa Wheeler, W.M. 1917g: 459 (s.w.q.) JAMAICA. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 511.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex eduardi TRUE TRUE FALSEeduardi. Pseudomyrma eduardi Forel, 1912g: 29 (w.) JAMAICA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 217. See also: Ward, 1989: 418.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSEjamaicensis. Strumigenys jamaicensis Brown, 1959c: 6 (w.) JAMAICA. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Brown, 1960b: 45; Bolton, 2000: 188.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica nigrescens TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrescens. Strumigenys alberti var. nigrescens Wheeler, W.M. 1911a: 28 (w.) JAMAICA. Brown, 1953g: 98 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955a: 143 (l.). Combination in S. (Cephaloxys): Emery, 1924d: 325; in Smithistruma: Brown, 1953g: 96; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. Raised to species and senior synonym of longipilis, nana: Brown, 1953g: 96. See also: Bolton, 2000: 157.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium binodis FALSE FALSE FALSEbinodis. Formica binodis Linnaeus, 1763: 413 (q.) JAMAICA. Junior synonym of caespitum: Linnaeus, 1767: 963; Olivier, 1792: 496 (synonymy probably incorrect). Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Tetramorium: Bolton, 1995b: 405.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex jamaicensis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
jamaicensis. Atta (Acromyrmex) jamaicensis André, 1893b: 149 (w.) JAMAICA. Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 713 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. 1949: 674 (l.). Combination in Atta (Trachymyrmex): Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 712; in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. Senior synonym of cubaensis, frontalis, maritima, sharpii: Mayhé-Nunez & Brandão, 2007: 13. Current subspecies: nominal plus antiguensis. See also: Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1914: 41; Rabeling, Cover, et al. 2007: 11.
Dolichoderinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 28 genera, 692 species, 130 subspecies
Fossil: 16 genera, 103 species
Dolichoderidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Dolichoderus.
Taxonomic history
Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 127 [Dolichoderidae].
Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Dolichoderinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 18, 80.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.
Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.
Subfamily Dolichoderinae and tribes references, world
Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).
Ecitoninae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 5 genera, 149 species, 21 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Ecitonii Forel, 1893a: 163. Type-genus: Eciton.
Taxonomic history
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Dorylidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 23.
Ecitoninae as subfamily of Formicidae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 11; all subsequent authors.
Ecitoninae as dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 34, 142; Brady & Ward, 2005: 593.
Ecitoninae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Ecitoninae as formicoid dorylomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ecitoninae: Cheliomyrmecini, Ecitonini.
Subfamily and tribe Ecitonini references
Emery, 1895j: 765 (diagnosis); Ashmead, 1906: 23, 24 (tribes & genera keys); Emery, 1910b: 15 (diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138, 558 (diagnosis, North America genera); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina genera, key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 634 (genera key); Borgmeier, 1923: 37 (Brazil catalogue); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 290 (U.S.A. males); Creighton, 1950a: 61 (North America); Borgmeier, 1955: 51, 57 (revision of subfamily, tribes key); Borgmeier, 1955: 79 (revision of tribe, genera key); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Watkins, 1976: 6 (genera keys); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 46 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392 (synoptic classification); Gotwald & Burdette, 1981: 78 (phylogeny); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico genera, key); Gotwald, 1982: 167 (genera key); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 74 (genera key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Bolton, 1990c: 1357 (diagnosis, morphology, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 392 (Neotropical fauna, synoptic classification); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Jaffe, 1993: 13 (Neotropical genera, synoptic classification); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 149 (genera key); Bolton, 1994: 38 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera key); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Hölldobler, Obermayer & Peeters, 1996: 158 (metatibial gland); Palacio, 1999: 143 (Colombia genera, key); Perfil’eva, 2002: 1239 (venation); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 240 (Neotropical genera key); Brady, 2003: 6575 (phylogeny); Bolton, 2003: 34, 142 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady & Ward, 2005: 593 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
Formicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 49 genera, 2,831 species, 839 subspecies
Fossil: 29 genera, 193 species, 1 subspecies
Formicariae Latreille, 1809: 124. Type-genus: Formica.
Taxonomic history
Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].
Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Formicidae].
Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Formicinae as formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 20, 93.
Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.
Formicinae as formicoid formicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).
Subfamily Formicinae references, world
Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).
Myrmicinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 141 genera, 6,087 species, 864 subspecies
Fossil: 31 genera, 130 species
Myrmicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169. Type-genus: Myrmica.
Taxonomic history
Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].
Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Myrmicidae].
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Myrmicidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Myrmicinae as myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 52, 182.
Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.
Myrmicinae as formicoid myrmicomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.
Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.
Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.
Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.
Collective group name in Myrmicinae: †Myrmicites.
Subfamily Myrmicinae references, world
Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).
Ponerinae TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 27 genera, 1,033 species, 155 subspecies
Fossil: 9 genera, 68 species, 2 subspecies
Ponerites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185. Type-genus: Ponera.
Taxonomic history
Ponerinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185 [Ponérites].
Ponerinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1858b: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894g: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874: 167 [Poneridae].
Ponerinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895j: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899c: 2; Emery, 1901a: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134; Emery, 1911d: 2; Wheeler, 1915g: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.
Ponerinae as poneromorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 42, 156.
Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette, Fisher, et al. 2006: 365; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102; Ward, 2007a: 555.
Tribes of Ponerinae: Platythyreini, Ponerini, Thaumatomyrmecini.
Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Ponerinae: †Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia.
Subfamily Ponerinae references, world
Smith, F. 1858b: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses), Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911d: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi, Agosti & Carpenter, 1997: 20 (†Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette, Fisher et al. 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).
.
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 170 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882b: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900c: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918b: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972a: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csösz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 256 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Dorymyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSE57 species, 26 subspecies
Dorymyrmex Mayr, 1866a: 494. Type-species: Dorymyrmex flavescens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 383 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 167; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 103; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; all subsequent authors.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 36; Forel, 1917: 248; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; subsequent authors and Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Dorymyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Leptomyrmecini: Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
Junior synonyms of DORYMYRMEX
Psammomyrma Forel, 1912h: 43 [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex planidens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Psammomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1912h: 43; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Psammomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Santschi, 1922b: 365; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Conomyrma Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text) [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Prenolepis pyramica, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1922b: 365.
Taxonomic history
Conomyrma in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Forel, 1917: 248; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Conomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1917: 248; Santschi, 1922b: 365; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 837; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 140.
Conomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 78; Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 1; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Conomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Araucomyrmex Gallardo, 1919b: 249. Type-species: Dorymyrmex tener, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Araucomyrmex in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 625; Kempf, 1972a: 25; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Araucomyrmex as genus: Gallardo, 1919b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689; Kusnezov, 1956: 28; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 25; Snelling, R.R. 1975: 9; Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Araucomyrmex as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Santschi, 1922b: 365; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Kusnezov, 1952g: 428.
Araucomyrmex as junior synonym of Conomyrma: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402.
Araucomyrmex as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 86.
Ammomyrma Santschi, 1922b: 365 [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex exsanguis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ammomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Santschi, 1922b: 365; Gallardo, 1930: 147; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Ammomyrma as junior synonym of Araucomyrmex: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93.
Ammomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 77; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Biconomyrma Kusnezov, 1952g: 429 [as subgenus of Conomyrma]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex pyramicus var. brunneus (now Dorymyrmex brunneus), by subsequent designation of Kusnezov, 1959: 51.
Taxonomic history
Biconomyrma as subgenus of Conomyrma: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429.
Biconomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 67.
Biconomyrma as junior synonym of Conomyrma: Smith, M.R. 1958c: 140; Kempf, 1972a: 78.
Biconomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Shattuck, 1992c: 78; Shattuck, 1994: 73; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Spinomyrma Kusnezov, 1952g: 429 (diagnosis in key) [as subgenus of Dorymyrmex]. Type-species: Dorymyrmex alboniger, by subsequent designation of Kusnezov, 1959: 51.
Taxonomic history
Spinomyrma as subgenus of Dorymyrmex: Kusnezov, 1952g: 429; Kempf, 1972a: 100.
Spinomyrma as genus: Kusnezov, 1956: 30 (in key); Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66.
Spinomyrma as junior synonym of Dorymyrmex: Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 93; Shattuck, 1992c: 78; Shattuck, 1994: 74; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 87.
Genus Dorymyrmex references
Mayr, G. 1868a: 165 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 383 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 167 (catalogue); André, 1903: 364 (species key); Emery, 1913a: 36 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1916a: 21 (Argentina species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 689 (subgenera key); Cole, 1942: 371 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Creighton, 1950a: 348 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1952g: 428 (subgenera key); Kempf, 1972a: 25, 78, 99 (Neotropical Araucomyrmex, Conomyrma, Dorymyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. 1973b: 1 (U.S.A. Conomyrma species, revision); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 96 (Chile Araucomyrmex species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah Conomyrma species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 57 (U.S.A., Nevada Conomyrma species key); Trager, 1988: 14 (Southeastern U.S.A. Conomyrma species revision, key): Johnson, 1989b: 191 (U.S.A. Conomyrma species revision, key); Brandão, 1991: 327, 338, 340 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 77 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 73 (catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1995: 9 (U.S.A. species revision, key); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 181 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 222 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius TRUE TRUE FALSE18 species
Forelius Emery, 1888d: 389. Type-species: Iridomyrmex mccooki, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Forelius in Dolichoderinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 168; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 102; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142.
Forelius in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Forelius in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 35; Forel, 1917: 248; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 690; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 645; all subsequent authors and Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Forelius in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 87; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 88.
Forelius in Dolichoderinae, Leptomyrmecini: Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
Junior synonym of FORELIUS
Neoforelius Kusnezov, 1953b: 327. Type-species: Neoforelius tucumanus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Neoforelius in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Kusnezov, 1953b: 327.
Neoforelius as genus: Kusnezov, 1953b: 327; Kusnezov, 1959: 51; Kusnezov, 1964: 66; Kempf, 1972a: 160; Jaffe, 1993: 9.
Neoforelius as junior synonym of Forelius: Shattuck, 1992c: 87; Shattuck, 1994: 91; Bolton, 1994: 26; Cuezzo, 2000: 204; Bolton, 2003: 88.
Genus Forelius references
Dalla Torre, 1893: 168 (catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 35 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1916a: 74 (Argentina species key); Creighton, 1950a: 343 (North America species, review); Kusnezov, 1957b: 16 (Neotropical species key); Kempf, 1972a: 108, 160 (Neotropical Forelius, Neoforelius catalogues); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1419 (North America catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 56 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Brandão, 1991: 344 (catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 87 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 91 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 190 (catalogue); Cuezzo, 2000: 197 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 227 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Guerrero & Fernández, 2008: 58 (addition to key).
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Liometopum TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 7 species
Fossil: 9 species
Liometopum Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica microcephala, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Liometopum in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 653 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 9 [Formicidae]; André, 1874: 168 [Formicidae].
Liometopum in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 383 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 163; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 104; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142.
Liometopum in Dolichoderidae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Liometopum in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 95; Forel, 1917: 248; Bondroit, 1918: 87; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 688; Carpenter, 1930: 46; subsequent authors except those below; then Jaffe, 1993: 9; Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.
Liometopum in Dolichoderinae, Liometopini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.
Liometopum in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 121; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 89.
Genus Liometopum references
Roger, 1863b: 14 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 427 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 9 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 383 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 220 (Europe & Algeria species); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 162 (catalogue); Bingham, 1903: 289 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1905e: 322 (North America species); Emery, 1913a: 19 (diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1950a: 338 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 192 (Asia checklist); Gregg, 1963: 438 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Bernard, 1967: 253 (diagnosis); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1417 (North America catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Shattuck, 1992c: 121 (diagnosis, review of genus); Shattuck, 1994: 128 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 247 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 232 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Del Toro, Pacheco & Mackay, 2009: 306 (all species revision, key).
Formicinae Lasiini Lasius TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 100 species, 2 subspecies
Fossil: 22 species, 1 subspecies
Lasius Fabricius, 1804: 415. Type-species: Formica nigra, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 338.
Taxonomic history
[Lasius Jurine, 1801: 164 (Apidae), resurrected by Morice & Durrant, 1915: 421, later suppressed by Act of Commission.]
Lasius in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 49 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 42 [Formicidae].
Lasius in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 374 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 452 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1886f: 206; Dalla Torre, 1893: 181.
Lasius in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 206.
Lasius in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 103; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 127; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 120.
Lasius in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Carpenter, 1930: 58; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 201; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.
Lasius in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.
Lasius in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Lasius in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Emery, 1925b: 226; all subsequent authors except the entries above; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 22, 96.
Lasius as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Donisthorpe, 1916c: 276; Morice & Durrant, 1917: 442. Donisthorpe, 1927b: 206; Donisthorpe, 1937d: 132; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.
Lasius as junior synonym of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 61; Emery, 1916b: 239; Emery, 1917a: 96; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170; Bondroit, 1918: 19.
Lasius as genus: Fabricius, 1804: 415; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1925b: 226; Wilson, 1955a: 11; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of LASIUS
Donisthorpea Morice & Durrant, 1915: 423. Type-species: Formica nigra, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Unnecessary replacement name for Lasius Fabricius.]
Donisthorpea in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.
Donisthorpea as genus: Morice & Durrant, 1915: 423; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184.
Donisthorpea as subgenus of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 11; Emery, 1916b: 240.
Donisthorpea as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 229; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.
Donisthorpea as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Morice & Durrant, 1917: 442; Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209.
Donisthorpea as junior synonym of Lasius: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1925b: 226; Wilson, 1955a: 11. [Lasius and Donisthorpea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
†Tylolasius Zhang, 1989: 295. Type-species: †Tylolasius inflatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Tylolasius incertae sedis in Formicinae: Bolton, 2003: 28, 131.
†Tylolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Hong, Wu & Ren, 2001: 348.
Subgenera of LASIUS include the nominal plus the following.
Subgenus LASIUS (ACANTHOMYOPS)
Acanthomyops Mayr, 1862: 652 (diagnosis in key), 699. Type-species: Formica clavigera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Acanthomyops in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae].
Acanthomyops in Camponotinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1917: 249.
Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618.
Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384 (misspelled as Acanthomyrmex); Emery, 1925b: 236; all subsequent authors except for those above.
Acanthomyops as junior synonym of Lasius: Mayr, 1866b: 888; Dalla Torre, 1893: 181.
Acanthomyops as subgenus of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 11; Forel, 1917: 249.
Acanthomyops as genus: Mayr, 1862: 699; Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618; Creighton, 1950a: 426; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 150; Wing, 1968: 47; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 94.
Acanthomyops as subgenus of Lasius: Emery, 1893i: 642; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 236; Buren, 1950: 188; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 852; Gregg, 1963: 453; Ward, 2005: 13.
Subgenus LASIUS (DENDROLASIUS)
Dendrolasius Ruzsky, 1912: 630 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica fuliginosa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Dendrolasius also described as new by Ruzsky, 1914a: 59.]
Dendrolasius as subgenus of Formicina: Forel, 1917: 249.
Dendrolasius as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 211; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.
Dendrolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Ruzsky, 1912: 630; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 235; Wilson, 1955a: 14; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendrolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional].
Subgenus LASIUS (CHTHONOLASIUS)
Chtonolasius Ruzsky, 1912: 630 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica umbrata, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1925b: 232.
Taxonomic history
[Chtonolasius also described as new by Ruzsky, 1914a: 59. The claim by some authors (e.g. Emery, 1916a: 11; Donisthorpe, 1941f: 37; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633) that Ruzsky nominated Lasius flavus as type-species is incorrect. Ruzsky (1912: 630) included those species "with the appearance of the yellow Lasius (Las. flavus D.G.) and its closely related species, and races (Las. carniolicus, Las. umbratus, Las. myops, Las. mixtus)". This is not a direct nomination of a type-species, nor is De Geer (= D.G.) the author of flavus: Bolton, 1995b: 24.]
Chthonolasius justified emendation of spelling: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170.
Chthonolasius as junior synonym of Formicina: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1916a: 11.
Chthonolasius as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 254.
Chthonolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Ruzsky, 1912: 630; Ruzsky, 1914a: 59; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 231; Wilson, 1955a: 13; all subsequent authors except the following.
Chthonolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Subgenus LASIUS (CAUTOLASIUS)
Cautolasius Wilson, 1955a: 13 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica flava, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cautolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Cautolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Bolton, 2003: 97.
Subgenus LASIUS (AUSTROLASIUS)
Austrolasius Faber, 1967: 74 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Lasius carniolicus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Austrolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].
Autrolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Bolton, 2003: 97.
Genus Lasius references
Mayr, 1861: 49 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394, 425 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 74 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 179 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 46 (Switzerland species key); Forel, 1878: 374 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 191 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 236 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 64 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 181 (catalogue); Emery, 1893i: 637 (North America species key); Bingham, 1903: 339 (India species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 264 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 10 (Luxemburg species key); Bondroit, 1910: 484 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910e: 237 (North America L. umbratus forms, key); Stitz, 1914: 82 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 188 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 243 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 591 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1918: 19 (France & Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698 (subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 226 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 231 (L. (Chthonolasius) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 235 (L. (Dendrolasius) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 236 (L. (Acanthomyops) diagnosis, catalogue); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 186 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 277 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 206 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 602 (Russia species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 193 (Ukraine species key); Stärcke, 1937: 57 (Europe L. umbratus group, key); Menozzi, 1939a: 313 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 267 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 100 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 100 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 296 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Stärcke, 1944a: 157 (Europe L. niger group, key); Boven, 1947: 184 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 418 (North America Lasius species key); Creighton, 1950a: 428 (North America Acanthomyops species key); Buren, 1950: 188 (Acanthomyops queens, key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 201 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1955a: 13 (subgenera review); Wilson, 1955a: 26 (Nearctic Lasius species revision, key); Wilson, 1955a: 28 (Palaearctic species revision, key); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 177 (U.S.A., North Dakota Lasius species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 195 (U.S.A., North Dakota Acanthomyops species key); Gregg, 1963: 453 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Collingwood, 1963: 155 (Europe L. umbratus group species key); Collingwood, 1964: 107 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 349 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Wing, 1968: 53 (Acanthomyops diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bourne, 1973: 19 (Britain species key); Boven, 1970b: 28 (Netherlands species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 7 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 133 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 135 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 208 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 555 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 89 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 92 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1435 (North America Lasius catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1440 (North America Acanthomyops catalogue); Yamauchi, 1979: 147 (Japan species keys); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah Acanthomyops species key); Allred, 1982: 450 (U.S.A., Utah Lasius species key); Collingwood, 1982: 283 (Himalayan species key); Gösswald, 1985: 268 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 64 (U.S.A., Nevada Lasius species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 68 (U.S.A., Nevada Acanthomyops species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 70 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 281 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Seifert, 1988a: 143 (Europe L. (Chthonolasius) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1989: 781 (East Palaearctic L. (Dendrolasius) species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 158 (Turkmenistan species key); Seifert, 1990: 1 (supplement to European L. (Chthonolasius)); Agosti & Bolton, 1990b: 149 (characters); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 211 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 24 (Japan species key); Agosti, 1991: 295 (Lasius genus group diagnosis); Seifert, 1992b: 48 (Palaearctic L. (Lasius) species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 232 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 111 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Radchenko, 1994b: 114 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 53 (Acanthomyops catalogue); Bolton, 1995b: 221 (Lasius catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 361 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 153 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 179 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 42 (Britain species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 22 (Portugal species key); Zhou, 2001b: 187 (China, Guangxi species key); Blacker & Collingwood, 2002: 44 (British species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 154 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 237 (U.S.A., New Mexico Acanthomyops species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 331 (U.S.A., New Mexico Lasius species key); Radchenko, 2005a: 93 (East Palaearctic L. (Dendrolasius) species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 190 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 159 (North and Central Europe species key); Terayama, 2009: 207 (Taiwan species key).
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus TRUE TRUE FALSE29 species
Myrmecocystus Wesmael, 1838: 770. Type-species: Myrmecocystus mexicanus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmecocystus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 372 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 216.
Myrmecocystus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 201.
Myrmecocystus in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 129; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 250.
Myrmecocystus in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 203; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Myrmecocystus in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 665.
Myrmecocystus in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Myrmecocystus in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Emery, 1925b: 238; subsequent authors except the above; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1445; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 98.
Myrmecocystus as junior synonym of Cataglyphis: Roger, 1863b: 12; Mayr, 1863: 431
Myrmecocystus as genus: Forel, 1878: 372; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of MYRMECOCYSTUS
Endiodioctes Snelling, R.R. 1976: 25 [as subgenus of Myrmecocystus]. Type-species: Myrmecocystus melliger, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Endiodioctes as junior synonym of Myrmecocystus: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 403.
Eremnocystus Snelling, R.R. 1976: 92 [as subgenus of Myrmecocystus]. Type-species: Myrmecocystus creightoni, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Eremnocystus as junior synonym of Myrmecocystus: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 403.
Genus Myrmecocystus references
Forel, 1878: 372 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 216 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1912d: 173 (all species key); Emery, 1925b: 238 (diagnosis, catalogue); Cole, 1942: 385 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Creighton, 1950a: 440 (North America species key); Gregg, 1963: 643 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Snelling, R.R. 1969a: 6 (M. melliger complex, key); Snelling, R.R. 1976: 22, 25, 27, 93, 115 (diagnosis, all species revision, keys); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1445 (North America catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1982b: 77, 83 (supplements to 1976 keys); Allred, 1982: 451 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 69 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 274 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 344 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Paratrechina TRUE TRUE FALSE1 species
Paratrechina Motschoulsky, 1863: 13. Type-species: Paratrechina currens (junior synonym of Formica longicornis), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 682.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Prenolepidini: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 218; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Myrmelachistinini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 652; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Brachymyrmecini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Lasiini: Emery, 1925b: 216; Stitz, 1939: 379; Bernard, 1953b: 257; Kempf, 1972a: 182; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Jaffe, 1993: 14; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Paratrechina in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Bolton, 2003: 23, 104.
Paratrechina as junior synonym of Prenolepis: Dalla Torre, 1893: 177; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 940.
Paratrechina as genus: Emery, 1925b: 216; all subsequent authors.
Genus Paratrechina references
References prior to 2010 also include Nylanderia and Paraparatrechina.
André, 1882b: 203 (Europe & Algeria species key); Forel, 1894c: 406 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 941, 1037 (Afrotropical, Malagasy P. (Nylanderia) catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 216 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 217 (P. (Nylanderia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 224 (Andragnathus diagnosis, catalogue); Finzi, 1936: 191 (Egypt species key); Buren, 1944a: 295 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 404 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197, 214, 218 (Asia Andragnathus, Nylanderia, Paratrechina checklists); Kusnezov, 1956: 32 (Argentina species key); Bernard, 1967: 347 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 166, 182 (Neotropical Nylanderia, Paratrechina catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 26 (Cuba species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 556 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1442 (North America, catalogue); Trager, 1984b: 65 (Nearctic species revision, key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 64 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Collingwood, 1985: 298 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 129 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 52 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Brandão, 1991: 365 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1991: 20 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 312 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 150 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 369 (Saudi Arabia species key); Terayama, 1999c: 50 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 104 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 177 (China, Guangxi species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 354 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Terayama, 2009: 210 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 104 (south-western Australia species key); LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127 (diagnosis).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]
Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)
Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)
Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)
Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.
[See note under Myrmosaulus.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)
Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]
Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.
Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)
Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)
Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)
Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.
Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)
Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)
Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]
Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]
Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)
Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.
Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)
Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)
Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]
Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)
Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)
Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)
Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.
Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)
Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Taxonomic history
Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.
Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)
Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.
[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)
Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)
Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).
Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)
Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)
Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)
Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.
Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)
Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)
Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]
Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)
Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.
Taxonomic history
Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)
Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)
Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)
Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.
Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)
Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)
Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)
Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)
Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)
Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)
Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.
Taxonomic history
Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)
Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)
Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)
Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)
Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.
Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.
Genus Camponotus references
Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).
Formicinae Formicini Formica TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 176 species, 24 subspecies
Fossil: 64 species
Formica Linnaeus, 1758: 579. Type-species: Formica rufa, by subsequent designation of Curtis, 1839: 752.
Taxonomic history
Formica in Formicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 199.
Formica in Formicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 1.
Formica in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 45 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 653 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 47 [Formicidae].
Formica in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 373 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 450 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 192.
Formica in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 205.
Formica in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 127; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 120; Forel, 1917: 250.
Formica in Formicinae, Formicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 241; all subsequent authors except the following.
Formica in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Junior synonyms of FORMICA
Formicina Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 172. Type-species: Formica rufa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica flava, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1916a: 61 (footnote); repeated by Emery, 1916b: 239 and Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170.]
Formicina in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1917: 249.
Formicina as genus: Emery, 1916a: 61; Emery, 1916b: 239; Forel, 1917: 249; Bondroit, 1918: 19.
Formicina as subgenus of Lasius: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172.
Formicina as junior synonym of Lasius: Emery, 1925b: 226; Brown, 1973b: 180.
Formicina as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209.
Formicina as junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646; Agosti, 1994a: 106; Bolton, 1994: 50. [Formica and Formicina share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Neoformica Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica pallidefulva, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Neoformica also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 548.]
Neoformica as subgenus of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82; Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 388 (in key); Forel, 1917: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 244; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673; Creighton, 1950a: 543.
Neoformica as junior synonym of Formica: Buren, 1968a: 39; Agosti, 1994a: 107.
Raptiformica Forel, 1913i: 361 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica sanguinea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Raptiformica as subgenus of Formica: Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1925b: 258; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723; Creighton, 1950a: 460.
Raptiformica as junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (footnote); Smith, M.R. 1951a: 860; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448; Agosti, 1994a: 107.
Serviformica Forel, 1913i: 361 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica fusca, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Serviformica as subgenus of Formica: Forel, 1913i: 361; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1925b: 245; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 725.
Serviformica as junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (footnote); Smith, M.R. 1951a: 860; Francoeur, 1973: 34; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448; Agosti, 1994a: 106.
Coptoformica Müller, 1923: 146 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica exsecta, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1941f: 37.
Taxonomic history
Coptoformica as junior synonym of Formica: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 860; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448; Agosti, 1994a: 107.
Adformica Lomnicki, 1925a: 164 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica exsecta, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1927b: 316.
Taxonomic history
Adformica as junior synonym of Coptoformica: Stitz, 1939: 306; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 620 [Adformica and Coptoformica share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Iberoformica Tinaut, 1990a: 282 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica subrufa, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Iberoformica as junior synonym of Formica: Agosti, 1994a: 107.
Genus Formica references
Mayr, 1855: 300 (diagnosis, Austria species key); Smith, F. 1858b: 1 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 46 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 12 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 410 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 182 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 51 (Switzerland species key); Forel, 1878: 373 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 176 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 232 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 61 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 192 (catalogue); Emery, 1893i: 643 (North America species key); Forel, 1894c: 402 (India species key); Bingham, 1903: 334 (India species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 318 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 8 (Luxemburg species key); Emery, 1909b: 180 (Palaearctic species key); Bondroit, 1910: 482 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 387 (subgenera, species groups, all species keys); Stitz, 1914: 88 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 244 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 257 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 594 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1917a: 174 (France F. rufa group, key); Bondroit, 1918: 41 (France & Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 241 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 244 (F. (Neoformica) diagnosis, catalogue; Emery, 1925b: 245 (F. (Serviformica) diagnosis, catalogue; Emery, 1925b: 251 (F. (Formica) diagnosis, catalogue; Emery, 1925b: 258 (F. (Raptiformica) diagnosis, catalogue; Lomnicki, 1925a: 171 (Poland species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1926b: 93 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 282 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 284 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 603 (Russia species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 220 (Ukraine species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 321 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 306 (Germany species key); Creighton, 1940a: 1 (North America F. rufa subspecies key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 103 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 103 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 375 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 175 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 200 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 299 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 187 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 456 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197 (Asia checklist); Yarrow, 1954a: 229 (Britain F. fusca group); Yarrow, 1955a: 29 (Britain F. rufa group, key); Wilson & Brown, 1955: 108 (F. sanguinea & F. neogagates groups, synopsis); Boven, 1959: 12 (Netherlands species key); Betrem, 1960b: 75 (F. rufa group, key); Gregg, 1963: 498 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 205 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Cotti, 1963: 1 (F. rufa group, bibliography 1930-61); Dlussky, 1964: 1026 (former U.S.S.R. F. (Coptoformica) species key); Collingwood, 1964: 109 (Britain species key); Brown, 1965d: 181 (F. integra subgroup); Dlussky, 1965a: 15 (Mongolia and Tibet species key); Dlussky, 1967a: 39 (Palaearctic species key); Dlussky, 1967b: 80 (†Baltic Amber species key); Bernard, 1967: 285 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Buren, 1968a: 36 (Nearctic F. sanguinea group species key); Boven, 1970b: 34 (Netherlands species key); Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 145 (Poland species key); Francoeur, 1973: 272 (Nearctic F. fusca group, revision, key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 6 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 177 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 236 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 552 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 93 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 112 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448 (North America catalogue); Douwes, 1979: 187 (F. rufa group systematics); Kupyanskaya, 1980: 95 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Allred, 1982: 446 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Kupyanskaya, 1984: 103 (Far Eastern Russia F. truncorum complex, key); Snelling & Buren, 1985: 71 (Nearctic F. sanguinea group, key); Gösswald, 1985: 274 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 76 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 74 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 285 (Balkans species key); Gösswald, 1989: 49 (F. rufa group taxonomy); Agosti & Bolton, 1990b: 149 (characters); Wu, J. 1990: 4 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 138 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 174 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 31 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 255 (Bulgaria species key); Agosti, 1994a: 106 (diagnosis, review of genus); Radchenko, 1994b: 112 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 89 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 190 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 94 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 353 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 138 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 201 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 25 (Portugal species key); Tinaut, A. & Martínez-Ibánez, 1998: 36 (Iberian Peninsula F. rufa, F. sanguinea & F. exsecta groups, key); Seifert, 2000a: 563 (Palaearctic F. (Coptoformica) species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 148 (Poland species key); Chang & He, 2002a: 51 (northwest China species key); Seifert, 2002b: 267 (F. cinerea group revision key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 277 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 127 (synopsis); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 176 (North and Central Europe species key); Trager, MacGown & Trager, 2007: 627 (F. pallidefulva group key); Dlussky, 2008a: 57 (Europe Eocene amber species key); Terayama, 2009: 224 (Taiwan species key); Seifert & Schultz, 2009: 258 (F. rufibarbis group key).
Formicinae Formicini Polyergus TRUE TRUE FALSE5 species, 5 subspecies
Polyergus Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica rufescens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Polyergus in Formicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 198.
Polyergus in Formicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 1.
Polyergus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1855: 383 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 43 [Formicinae]; Mayr, 1862: 653 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae].
Polyergus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 214.
Polyergus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 200.
Polyergus in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 128; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 250.
Polyergus in Formicinae, Formicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 267; all subsequent authors except the following.
Polyergus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Genus Polyergus references
Mayr, 1855: 383 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 12 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 443 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 373 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 162 (Europe & Algeria species); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 214 (catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 267 (diagnosis, catalogue); Buren, 1944a: 310 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Smith, M.R. 1947g: 152 (U.S.A. species key); Creighton, 1950a: 556 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 203 (Asia checklist); Gregg, 1963: 632 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 274 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 329 (diagnosis); Wheeler, J. 1968: 156 (Nearctic species, male genitalia); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1466 (North America catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 95 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 207 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Agosti, 1994a: 109 (diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 342 (catalogue); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 361 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 359 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 129 (synopsis).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 131 species, 10 subspecies
Fossil: 12 species
Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831b: 106. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrmex in Pseudomyrmecinae: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of PSEUDOMYRMEX
Leptalea Erichson, 1839: 309. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
Taxonomic history
Leptalea in Pseudomyrmecinae: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 656.
Leptalea as junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
[Leptalaea Spinola, 1851b: 52 and Spinola, 1853: 68, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
[Pseudomyrmex and Leptalea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Pseudomyrma Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma bicolor, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudomyrma in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 153.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 328; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Myrmeciidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicidae, Pseudomyrminae: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Pseudomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 768; Forel, 1899c: 86; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Pseudomyrma in Pseudomyrminae: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 654; Donisthorpe, 1941d: 27; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 722.
Pseudomyrma as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Smith, M.R. 1952a: 98; Kempf, 1972a: 214; Ward, 1990: 469; Bolton, 1994: 184.
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 427. Type-species: Myrmex perboscii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Myrmex Sturm, 1826: 32 (Coleoptera).]
Myrmex Guérin-Méneville junior synonym of Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 153; Roger, 1863b: 24; Smith, F. 1877b: 58; Dalla Torre, 1893: 55; Emery, 1921f: 28.
Clavanoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica gracilis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Clavanoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469. [Pseudomyrmex and Clavanoda share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Ornatinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Formica tenuis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ornatinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Triangulinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 61 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma spinicola, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Triangulinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Apedunculata Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apedunculata as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Latinoda Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 [as "branch" of Pseudomyrma]. Type-species: Pseudomyrma latinoda, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Latinoda as junior synonym of Pseudomyrmex: Ward, 1990: 469.
Genus Pseudomyrmex references
Smith, F. 1858b: 153 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 24 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 451 (Leptalea, Pseudomyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870a: 407 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Smith, 1877b: 58 (checklist); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 55 (catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 28 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1932a: 44 (Argentina species key); Enzmann, E.V. 1944: 62 (all species keys); Creighton, 1950a: 79 (North America species key); Kempf, 1961a: 373 (P. gracilis group, partial key); Kempf, 1972a: 215 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 9 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1345 (North America catalogue); Ward, 1985b: 215 (Nearctic species key); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Ward, 1989: 407 (P. oculatus group, key); Ward, 1989: 430 (P. subtilissimus group, key); Ward, 1990: 469 (diagnosis, review of genus); Brandão, 1991: 373 (catalogue); Ward, 1992: 76 (†Dominican Amber species key); Ward, 1993: 130 (swollen-thorn Acacia-associated species key); Bolton, 1994: 184 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 370 (catalogue); Ward, 1999b: 473 (P. viduus group, and other Tachigali- and Triplaris-associated species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Cerapachyinae Cerapachyini Cerapachys TRUE TRUE FALSE146 species
Cerapachys Smith, F. 1857a: 74. Type-species: Cerapachys antennatus, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 28.
Taxonomic history
Cerapachys in Myrmicinae: Smith, F. 1857a: 74 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 47 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 329 [Myrmicidae].
Cerapachys in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Cerapachys in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1901a: 34.
Cerapachys in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162 (also misspelled Orapachys, same page); Forel, 1900d: 331; Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 8; Arnold, 1915: 11; Forel, 1917: 239; Brown, 1975: 18; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 389; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
Cerapachys in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 632; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 17; Kempf, 1972a: 76; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256; Bolton, 1990a: 67; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Jaffe, 1993: 9; Bolton, 1994: 19; Bolton, 2003: 34.
Junior synonyms of CERAPACHYS
Syscia Roger, 1861a: 19. Type-species: Syscia typhla, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Syscia in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 (in key) [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 15 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Syscia in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Syscia in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1900d: 329; Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Syscia as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Forel, 1900d: 329; Bingham, 1903: 31.
Syscia as subgenus of Cerapachys: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Emery, 1902c: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 10; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 730.
Syscia as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Kempf, 1972a: 76; Brown, 1975: 18; all subsequent authors.
Ooceraea Roger, 1862a: 248. Type-species: Ooceraea fragosa, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ooceraea in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae].
Ooceraea in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Ooceraea in Poneridae: Smith, F. 1871a: 324.
Ooceraea in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Ooceraea in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162.
Ooceraea in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1901a: 34.
Ooceraea in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 25.
Ooceraea as genus: Roger, 1862a: 248; Smith, F. 1871a: 324; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Forel, 1900d: 329; Bingham, 1903: 31.
Ooceraea as subgenus of Cerapachys: Emery, 1902c: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 10; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 678.
Ooceraea as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Lioponera Mayr, 1879: 666. Type-species: Lioponera longitarsus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Lioponera in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Lioponera in Pachycondylinae, Lioponerini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Lioponera in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1900d: 329; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 11; Forel, 1917: 239.
Lioponera in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Lioponera in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 657.
Lioponera as subgenus of Cerapachys: Forel, 1892l: 244.
Lioponera as genus: Mayr, 1879: 666; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Forel, 1900d: 329; Bingham, 1903: 26; Emery, 1911d: 11; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 657.
Lioponera as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Parasyscia Emery, in André, 1882c: 235. Type-species: Parasyscia piochardi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Parasyscia in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Parasyscia in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895j: 765.
Parasyscia in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893a: 162 [Cerapachysii]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Parasyscia as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
Parasyscia as subgenus of Cerapachys: Forel, 1892l: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 9; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681; Creighton, 1950a: 57.
Parasyscia as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Kempf, 1972a: 76; Brown, 1975: 18; all subsequent authors.
Phyracaces Emery, 1902c: 23. Type-species: Cerapachys mayri, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Phyracaces in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Emery, 1911d: 10; Arnold, 1915: 17; Forel, 1917: 239.
Phyracaces in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, W.M. 1902d: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 639; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 683.
Phyracaces as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Cysias Emery, 1902c: 24 [as subgenus of Cerapachys]. Type-species: Ooceraea papuana, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cysias in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Cysias as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 382.
Cysias as subgenus of Cerapachys: Emery, 1902c: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.
Cysias as junior synonym of Syscia: Emery, 1911d: 10; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Ceratopachys Schulz, W.A. 1906: 155, unjustified emendation of Cerapachys.
Taxonomic history
Ceratopachys as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 755.
Chrysapace Crawley, 1924: 380. Type-species: Chrysapace jacobsoni (junior secondary homonym in Cerapachys, replaced by Cerapachys crawleyi), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Chrysapace in Ponerinae: Crawley, 1924: 380.
Chrysapace in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633.
Chrysapace as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Neophyracaces Clark, 1941: 76. Type-species: Phyracaces clarus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Neophyracaces in Cerapachyinae: Clark, 1941: 76.
Neophyracaces as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Brown, 1975: 19; all subsequent authors.
Yunodorylus Xu, 2000b: 297. Type-species: Yunodorylus sexspinus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Yunodorylus in Dorylinae: Xu, 2000b: 297.
Yunodorylus in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Bolton, 2003: 141, 268.
Yunodorylus as junior synonym of Cerapachys: Bolton, 2003: 141, 268; Borowiec, 2009: 57.
Genus Cerapachys references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 25 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 403, 439, 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 15, 24 (Syscia, Ooceraea diagnoses); André, 1882c: 236 (Europe & Algeria species); Dalla Torre, 1893: 17 (Lioponera, Cerapachys, Parasyscia, Ooceraea, Syscia catalogues); Forel, 1900d: 331 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 27, 28 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Lioponera, Cerapachys species keys); Emery, 1911d: 8 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 9 (C. (Parasyscia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 10 (C. (Ooceraea) & C. (Syscia) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1911d: 10 (Phyracaces diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1911d: 11 (Lioponera diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 11 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1918a: 239 (Australia Phyracaces species key); Mann, 1921: 408 (Fiji species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 52, 53, 639 (Cerapachys & Phyracaces diagnoses, subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1924d: 224 (Chrysapace, comments); Arnold, 1926: 193 (South Africa species, revised key); Donisthorpe, 1939a: 253 (Lioponera diagnosis); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 17, 21, 22 (Asia Cerapachys, Lioponera, Phyracaces checklists); Wilson, 1959b: 44, 52, 55, 56 (Melanesia, Fiji Is, New Guinea & New Caledonia species keys); Kempf, 1972a: 76 (Neotropical catalogue); Brown, 1975: 18, 26 (diagnosis, keys); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1333 (North America catalogue); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 23 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 16 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Terayama, Kubota, Sakai & Kawazoe, 1988: 35 (Taiwan species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1989: 30 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 142 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 47 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 312 (Saudi Arabia species key); Terayama, 1996: 18 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 60 (Australia synopsis); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 36 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Borowiec, 2009: 46 (C. sexspinus group key); Terayama, 2009: 122 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 126 (south-western Australia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton TRUE TRUE FALSE12 species, 17 subspecies
Eciton Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica hamata, by subsequent designation of Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 173.
Taxonomic history
Eciton in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 172.
Eciton in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 148.
Eciton in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 259[Myrmicidae].
Eciton in Dorylinae: Forel, 1878: 365 (footnote) [Dorylidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1; Forel, 1895b: 118; Forel, 1899c: 22.
Eciton in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 765 [Ecitonii]; Emery, 1910b: 17 [Ecitini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 312; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 641; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 101; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Eciton in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Eciton in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of ECITON
Ancylognathus Lund, 1831a: 121, 135. Type-species: Ancylognathus lugubris, nomen nudum. [Ancylognathus material referred to Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 160; all subsequent authors.]
Camptognatha Gray, G.R. 1832: 516. Type-species: Camptognatha testacea (junior synonym of Formica hamata), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Camptognatha as junior synonym of Eciton: Smith, F. 1855c: 160; Roger, 1863b: 36; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1; Emery, 1910b: 19; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Mayromyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 381. Type-species: Labidus fargeavii (junior synonym of Atta quadriglumis), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mayromyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Mayromyrmex as junior synonym of Eciton: Emery, 1906a: 718; Emery, 1910b: 19; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Holopone Santschi, 1925b: 11 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton rapax, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Holopone as junior synonym of Eciton: Borgmeier, 1936: 55; Borgmeier, 1955: 162; all subsequent authors.
Genus Eciton references
Smith, F. 1858b: 148 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 36 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 408 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 17, 77 (diagnosis, all species key); Mayr, 1886a: 115 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 1 (catalogue); Emery, 1900a: 176 (all species, males key); Emery, 1910b: 17 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 162, 175 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 101 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 9 (all species key); Watkins, 1982: 209 (Mexico species key); Billen, 1986: 170 (Dufour's gland); Brandão, 1991: 341 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 184 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 151 (Colombia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Labidus TRUE TRUE FALSE7 species, 1 subspecies
Labidus Jurine, 1807: 282. Type-species: Labidus latreillii (junior synonym of Formica coeca), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labidus in Dorylidae: Leach, 1815: 147 [Dorylida]; Haliday, 1836: 331; Shuckard, 1840a: 196; Smith, F. 1859b: 1; Cresson, 1887: 259.
Labidus in Dorylinae: Mayr, 1865: 16 [Dorylidae]; Forel, 1878: 365 (footnote) [Dorylidae].
Labidus in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Emery, 1910b: 21 [Ecitini]; Forel, 1917: 240; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 126; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Labidus in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Labidus in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Labidus as junior synonym of Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 1.
Labidus as subgenus of Eciton: Emery, 1910b: 21; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 312; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 41; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 654; Creighton, 1950a: 61; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 779; Kusnezov, 1956: 9.
Labidus as genus: Jurine, 1807: 282; Shuckard, 1840a: 196; Borgmeier, 1953: 4; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of LABIDUS
Nycteresia Roger, 1861a: 21. Type-species: Formica coeca, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Nycteresia in Ponerinae: Mayr, 1862: 714 [Poneridae].
Nycteresia as junior synonym of Eciton: Mayr, 1865: 76; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1.
Nycteresia as junior synonym of Labidus: Emery, 1910b: 21; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 675; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; all subsequent authors.
Pseudodichthadia André, 1885: 838. Type-species: Pseudodichthadia incerta (junior synonym of Formica coeca), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylidae: André, 1885: 838.
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 7.
Pseudodichthadia in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Forel, 1893a: 163; Emery, 1895j: 765 [Ecitonii].
Pseudodichthadia as junior synonym of Eciton: André, in Forel, 1899c: 160 (footnote).
Pseudodichthadia as junior synonym of Labidus: Emery, 1910b: 21; Borgmeier, 1955: 80; all subsequent authors.
Genus Labidus references
Roger, 1863b: 21, 41 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 436 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 16 (diagnosis); Cresson, 1887: 259 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1910b: 21 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 312 (Argentina species key); Creighton, 1950a: 62 (North America species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 80, 84 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 126 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 8 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1327 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 209 (Mexico species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 219 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 153 (Colombia species key).
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 124 species, 1 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Neivamyrmex Borgmeier, 1940: 606 [as subgenus of Eciton].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Acamatus Emery, 1894c: 181; junior homonym of Acamatus Schoenherr, 1833: 20 (Coleoptera.]
Neivamyrmex in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 152; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Neivamyrmex in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Neivamyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39; all subsequent authors.
Neivamyrmex as subgenus of Eciton: Creighton, 1950a: 64; Kusnezov, 1956: 8.
Neivamyrmex as genus: Borgmeier, 1950c: 624; Borgmeier, 1955: 277; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors except the above entry.
Junior synonym of NEIVAMYRMEX
Woitkowskia Enzmann, E.V. 1952: 443. Type-species: Woitkowskia connectens (junior synonym of Labidus walkerii), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Woitkowskia as junior synonym of Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 277; all subsequent authors.
Genus Neivamyrmex references
Emery, 1894c: 183 (species key); Emery, 1910b: 23 (diagnosis, catalogue); Gallardo, 1920: 348 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1942c: 542 (U.S.A. species key); Buren, 1944a: 280 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 66 (North America species key); Borgmeier, 1955: 277, 290 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Watkins, 1971: 93 (U.S.A. species key); Kempf, 1972a: 152 (Neotropical catalogue); Watkins, 1972: 348 (U.S.A. species key); Watkins, 1976: 11 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1329 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 210 (Mexico species key); Watkins, 1985: 481 (U.S.A. species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 19 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Brandão, 1991: 359 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 287 (catalogue); Ward, 1999a: 90 (modification of Watkins, 1985 key); Palacio, 1999: 154 (Colombia species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 40 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Coovert, 2005: 30 (U.S.A., Ohio species key); Snelling, G.C & Snelling, R.R., 2007: 462 (U.S.A. species, keys).
Homonym replaced by NEIVAMYRMEX
Acamatus Emery, 1894c: 181 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton (Acamatus) schmitti (junior synonym of Labidus nigrescens), by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1906: 24; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 157.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Acamatus Schoenherr, 1833: 20 (Coleoptera).]
Acamatus in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Acamatus in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Emery, 1910b: 23 [Ecitini].
Acamatus as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 381; Ashmead, 1906: 24.
Acamatus as subgenus of Eciton: Emery, 1894c: 181; Emery, 1895j: 765; Emery, 1910b: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Forel, 1917: 240; Gallardo, 1920: 345; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 635; Borgmeier, 1923: 44; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618.
2 species, 2 subspecies
Nomamyrmex Borgmeier, 1936: 55 [as subgenus of Eciton]. Type-species: Eciton crassicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Nomamyrmex in Dorylinae, Ecitonini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 674; Borgmeier, 1955: 79; Kempf, 1972a: 164; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Nomamyrmex in Ecitoninae: Brown, 1973b: 166; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 392.
Nomamyrmex in Ecitoninae, Ecitonini: Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 12; Jaffe, 1993: 13; Bolton, 1994: 39.
Nomamyrmex as subgenus of Eciton: Borgmeier, 1936: 55; Kusnezov, 1956: 9.
Nomamyrmex as genus: Borgmeier, 1953: 4; Borgmeier, 1955: 135; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 108; all subsequent authors except the entry above.
Genus Nomamyrmex references
Borgmeier, 1955: 135 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 164 (catalogue); Watkins, 1976: 7 (all species key); Watkins, 1977a: 207 (all species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1329 (North America catalogue); Watkins, 1982: 215 (Mexico species key); Brandão, 1991: 360 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 292 (catalogue); Palacio, 1999: 161 (Colombia species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 39 species
Fossil: 2 species
Cyphomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 651 (diagnosis in key), 690. Type-species: Cyphomyrmex minutus, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Cryptocerus rimosus, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161. Type-species not Meranoplus difformis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1924d: 340.]
Cyphomyrmex in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 651 (in key) [Formicidae].
Cyphomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Cryptoceridae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Cyphomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 25 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 149.
Cyphomyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Dacetonini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Cyphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 40; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d; 339; all subsequent authors.
Cyphomyrmex as junior synonym of Cataulacus: Roger, 1863b: 39.
Cyphomyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1912e: 188.
Cyphomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1862: 690; Mayr, 1863: 406; Emery, 1913b: 251; Bruch, 1914: 217; Emery, 1914a: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d; 339; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CYPHOMYRMEX
Cyphomannia Weber, 1938b: 183 [as subgenus of Cyphomyrmex]. Type-species: Cyphomyrmex (Cyphomannia) laevigatus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cyphomannia as subgenus of Cyphomyrmex: Weber, 1938b: 183; Weber, 1966: 166.
Cyphomannia as junior synonym of Cyphomyrmex: Kempf, 1962b: 29; Kempf, 1968a: 39; Kempf, 1972a: 92; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Genus Cyphomyrmex references
Mayr, 1863: 406 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 25 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1887: 556 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 149 (catalogue); Emery, 1924d; 340 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Kusnezov, 1949d: 436 (Argentina species key); Weber, 1940a: 408 (all species key); Creighton, 1950a: 316 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1957b: 9 (Neotropical species, partial key); Kempf, 1962b: 30 (species groups); Kempf, 1964d: 5 (C. strigatus group revision, key); Kempf, 1966: 161 (C. rimosus group revision, key); Kempf, 1972a: 92 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1410 (North America catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 339 (catalogue); Snelling, R.R. & Longino, 1992: 480 (C. rimosus group revision, key); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 167 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 47 species, 1 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893e: 600 [as subgenus of Atta]. Type-species: Atta septentrionalis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 174.
Taxonomic history
Trachymyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Trachymyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1913b: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Emery, 1924d: 344; all subsequent authors.
Trachymyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1893e: 600 Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1893e: 600; Forel, 1899c: 30; Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 670; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141.
Trachymyrmex as subgenus of Cyphomyrmex: Emery, 1913b: 251; Emery, 1924d: 344; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733.
Trachymyrmex as subgenus of Acromyrmex: Forel, 1917: 247.
Trachymyrmex as genus: Gallardo, 1916b: 242; Gallardo, 1916d: 318; Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 11; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 669; Borgmeier, 1927c: 128; Borgmeier, 1950b: 384; Kusnezov, 1964: 63; Kempf, 1972a: 252.
Genus Trachymyrmex references
Wheeler, W.M. 1911g: 248 (all species key); Emery, 1924d: 344 (diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1950a: 320 (North America species key); Kempf, 1972a: 252 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1411 (North America catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 382 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 420 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2002: 672 (diagnosis, T. opulentus group key); Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2005: 274 (T. iheringi group, key); Brandão& Mayhé-Nunes, 2007: 72 (species group phylogeny). Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2007: 4 (T. jamaicensis group, key); Rabeling, Cover, et al. 2007: 4 (North America species, key).
Ichnotaxon attached to Attini
Ichnogenus †ATTAICHNUS
†Attaichnus Laza, 1982: 112. Included ichnospecies: †Attaichnus kuenzelii. [Ichnofossil, purportedly fossil traces of workings attributable to attine ants.]
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 44 species
Fossil: 1 species
Stenamma Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Stenamma westwoodii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stenamma in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 55 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 23 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 121.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 53; Kempf, 1972a: 242 (anachronism).
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 52 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Karavaiev, 1934: 96; Kugler, C. 1994: 25.
Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of STENAMMA
Asemorhoptrum Mayr, 1861: 76. Type-species: Myrmica lippula, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Asemorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 460; [Myrmicidae].
Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Stenamma: André, 1883a: 310; all subsequent authors except the following.
[Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]
Theryella Santschi, 1921d: 68. Type-species: Theryella myops (provisional junior synonym of Stenamma punctiventre), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Theryella as junior synonym of Stenamma: Santschi, 1923a: 136; all subsequent authors except the following.
[Theryella as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]
Genus Stenamma references
Roger, 1863b: 25, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20, 23 (Asemorhoptrum, Stenamma diagnoses); André, 1883a: 311 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 121 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Emery, 1908c: 306 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 127 (Italy species key); Emery, 1921f: 52 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnol'di, 1928b: 215 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 599 (Russia species key); Buren, 1944a: 284 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 135 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 153 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1957b: 141 (U.S.A. species key); Yasumatsu & Murakami, 1960: 28 (Japan species key); Smith, M.R. 1962a: 38 (Mexico and Central America species key); Gregg, 1963: 347 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 120 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 126 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 242 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1973c: 5 (Western U.S.A. species key); Arnol'di, 1975: 1826 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1977c: 74 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 535 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357 (North America, catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 297 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 268 (Balkans species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 116 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 14 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 29 (Armenia species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 344 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 393 (catalogue); Seifert, 1996b: 155 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 44 (Britain species key); Fernández, Baena & Palacio, 1996: 9 (Colombia species key); DuBois, 1998b: 215 (Palaearctic & Oriental species revision, keys); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 209 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lyu & Cho, 2004: 263 (Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 143 (North and Central Europe species key); Branstetter, 2009: 43 (diagnosis).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 386 species, 30 subspecies
Fossil: 3 species
Monomorium Mayr, 1855: 452. Type-species: Monomorium monomorium (replacement name for Monomorium minutum, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Monomorium in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 452 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 65.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 124; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 78; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Arnold, 1916: 203; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of MONOMORIUM
Phacota Roger, 1862b: 260. Type-species: Phacota sichelii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Phacota in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Phacota in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 71.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 187; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; all subsequent authors except the entry below; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Phacota as genus: Bolton, 1987: 281.
Phacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865: 19. Type-species: Trichomyrmex rogeri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 72.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733.
Trichomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
†Lampromyrmex Mayr, 1868c: 93. Type-species: †Monomorium mayrianum (replacement name for †Lampromyrmex gracillimus, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1868c: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 78.
†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 183 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.
†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45.
†Lampromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.
Holcomyrmex Mayr, 1879: 671. Type-species: Holcomyrmex scabriceps, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 280.
Taxonomic history
[Holcomyrmex Smith, F. 1873: ix, nomen nudum, attributed to Mayr.]
Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 181 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 650.
Holcomyrmex as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 65; Forel, 1903a: 692; Bingham, 1903: 280.
Holcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 181; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Holcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Emery, 1908h: 667; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 295.
Epoecus Emery, 1893a: cclxxvi. Type-species: Epoecus pergandei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Anergatini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 204; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.
Epoecus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.
Wheeleriella Forel, 1907f: 145.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171; junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]
Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 186; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.
Wheeleriella as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 291.
Homonym replaced by Wheeleriella
Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171. Type-species: Wheeleria santschii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]
Epixenus Emery, 1908f: 556. Type-species: Epixenus andrei (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium advena), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Epixenus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 184; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.
Epixenus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown & Wilson, 1957bb: 244; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287; Tinaut & Ortiz, 1988: 167.
Mitara Emery, 1913b: 261 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium laeve, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mitara in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; all subsequent authors.
Mitara as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1913b: 261; Emery, 1915i: 190; Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242.
Mitara as junior synonym of †Lampromyrmex: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162, 676.
Mitara as genus: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 662.
Mitara as junior synoynm of Monomorium: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.
Chelaner Emery, 1914f: 410 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Chelaner) forcipatum, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1922e: 168.
Taxonomic history
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 168; all subsequent authors except the following.
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81.
Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Chelaner as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1914f: 410; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Chelaner as genus: Ettershank, 1966: 93; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Chelaner (and its junior synonyms Notomyrmex, Protholcomyrmex, Schizopelta) as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 300; Heterick, 2001: 354.
Notomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Atta antarctica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Notomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Kusnezov, 1956: 20.
Notomyrmex as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 269 (in key); Kusnezov, 1960b: 343; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 60.
Notomyrmex as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Parholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Myrmica gracillima (junior synonym of Atta destructor), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Parholcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 179; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; subsequent authors to the following.
Parholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
[Paraholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 191, Forel, 1917: 242, incorrect subsequent spellings.]
Xeromyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica salomonis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xeromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677.
Xeromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 294.
Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915c: 259 [as subgenus of Monomorium.] Type-species: Monomorium modestum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 175; all subsequent authors to the following.
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81.
Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Syllophopsis as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1915c: 259; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 729; Arnold, 1952a: 465.
Syllophopsis as genus: Santschi, 1921c: 119; Santschi, 1936a: 32; Ettershank, 1966: 100.
Syllophopsis as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 287.
[Syllopsis Santschi, 1921c: 120, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Corynomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Corynomyrmex) hospitum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Corynomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 174.
Corynomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.
Isolcomyrmex Santschi, 1917b: 296 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex santschii (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium santschianum), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isolcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1917b: 296; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.
Isolcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.
[Isholcomyrmex Santschi, 1936a: 32, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Paraphacota Santschi, 1919d: 90. Type-species: Paraphacota surcoufi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Phacota noualhieri, unjustified subsequent designation by Santschi, 1927d: 245; repeated in Ettershank, 1966: 82 and Bolton, 1973a: 352.]
Paraphacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681.
Paraphacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Santschi, 1927d: 243; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 293.
Equestrimessor Santschi, 1919d: 92 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex chobauti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 644.
Taxonomic history
Equestrimessor as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1919d: 92;Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677; Santschi, 1936a: 32.
Equestrimessor as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287, 297.
[Equessimessor Santschi, 1936a: 32, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Xenhyboma Santschi, 1919g: 405. Type-species: Xenhyboma mystes (junior synonym of Monomorium medinae), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Xenhyboma in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736.
Xenhyboma as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Espadaler, 1982b: 112; Bolton, 1987: 293.
Protholcomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium rothsteini, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Protholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Ireneidris Donisthorpe, 1943c: 81. Type-species: Ireneidris myops (junior synonym of Monomorium talpa), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Ireneidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini [subtribe Monomoriini]: Donisthorpe, 1943c: 82.
Ireneidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 298.
Schizopelta McAreavey, 1949: 14. Type-species: Schizopelta falcata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Schizopelta as junior synonym of Chelaner: Ettershank, 1966: 93.
Nothidris Ettershank, 1966: 105. Type-species: Monomorium latastei, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmex genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmecini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.
Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kempf, 1972a: 165; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Nothidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Pharaophanes Bernard, 1967: 168 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica pharaonis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Pharaophanes Bernard, 1953b: 238 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Unavailable name; proposed without designation of type-species. Species included by Bernard (1953) are all referable to Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 288; Bolton, 1995b: 42 (see also note in Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 90).]
Pharaophanes as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 2003: 213.
Antichthonidris Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5. Type-species: Monomorium denticulatum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Antichthonidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Heterick, 2001: 361.
Epelysidris Bolton, 1987: 279. Type-species: Epelysidris brocha, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.
Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995a: 1049; Bolton, 1995b: 188.
Epelysidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.
Genus Monomorium references
Roger, 1863b: 30, 31 (Phacota, Monomorium catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 429, 440 (Monomorium, Phacota catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 22 (Trichomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 95 (Monomorium diagnosis); Mayr, 1876: 100 (Australia Monomorium species key); Emery, 1881b: 530 (Mediterranean & Red Sea Monomorium species key); André, 1883a: 331, 343 (Europe & Algeria Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); André, 1883b: 397 (Phacota); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. Monomorium catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 69 (Russia Monomorium species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 65, 71, 72, 78 (Holcomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota, Trichomyrmex, †Lampromyrmex catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 685, 692 (India & Sri Lanka Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Bingham, 1903: 200, 282 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 633 (Russian Empire Monomorium species key); Emery, 1908h: 664 (Palaearctic Monomorium species key); Emery, 1915i: 190 (Monomorium subgenera key); Arnold, 1916: 203, 204 (Monomorium diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916b: 161 (Italy Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1921c: 121 (Syllophopsis species key); Emery, 1922e: 166 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 168 (M. (Chelaner) & M. (Notomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 170 (M. (Monomorium) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 174 (M. (Corynomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 175 (M. (Syllophopsis) & M. (Xeromyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 179 (M. (Parholcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 181 (M. (Holcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 183 (M. (Lampromyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 184 (Epixenus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 185 (Trichomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 186 (Wheeleriella diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 187 (Phacota diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 204 (Epoecus diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 161, 675, 862, 1026 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1933b: 64 (Israel Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1936a: 33 (Mediterranean & Africa M. (Xeromyrmex) key); Buren, 1944a: 289 (U.S.A., Iowa Monomorium species key); Kusnezov, 1949a: 431 (Argentina Monomorium species); Creighton, 1950a: 217 (North America Monomorium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 239 (Epoecus, review of genus); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 162, 169 (Asia Ireneidris, Monomorium, Trichomyrmex, Wheeleriella checklists); Bernard, 1955b: 282 (Epixenus species key); Brown, 1958h: 28 (New Zealand Monomorium species key); Gregg, 1963: 367 (U.S.A., Colorado Monomorium species key); Ettershank, 1966: 82, 93, 100 (Monomorium, Chelaner, Syllophopsis diagnoses, reviews of genera, checklists); Bernard, 1967: 165 (Monomorium diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 143 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 165 (Nothidris catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 14 (Cuba Monomorium species key); Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5 (Nothidris all species key); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 79 (Nothidris all species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (former European U.S.S.R. Monomorium species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula Monomorium species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381 (North America Monomorium catalogue); Tohmé & Tohmé, 1980a: 1087 (Lebanon & Syria Epixenus species key); Collingwood, 1985: 267 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55, 70 (Australia Chelaner, Monomorium catalogues); DuBois, 1986: 74 (Nearctic Monomorium species revision, key); Bolton, 1987: 281 (Phacota diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 283 (Antichthonidris, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 284 (Nothidris review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 287 (Monomorium diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Taylor, 1987a: 19, 40 and Taylor, 1987b: 2 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand Monomorium checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 272 (Balkans Monomorium species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 231 (Turkmenistan Monomorium species key); Brandão, 1991: 326, 357 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 361 (Nothidris catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 38 (Japan Monomorium species key); Arakelian, 1994: 46 (Armenia Monomorium species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048, 1050, 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 67, 258, 292, 316 (Antichthonidris, Monomorium, Nothidris, Phacota catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 88 (China Monomorium species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 337 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Radchenko, 1997f: 211 (M. scabriceps group revision, key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 19 (Portugal Monomorium species key); Shattuck, 1999: 145 (Australia synopsis); Heterick, 2001: 367 (Australia Monomorium species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 112 (China, Guangxi Monomorium species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 127 (U.S.A., New Mexico Monomorium species key); Heterick, 2006: 84 (Malagasy Monomorium species revision, key); Fernández, 2007b: 139 (Neotropical Monomorium species key); Terayama, 2009: 154 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 158 (south-western Australia species key); Aldawood & Sharaf, 2011: 52 (Saudi Arabia M. monomorium group key).
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Solenopsis TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 183 species, 75 subspecies
Fossil: 8 species
Solenopsis Westwood, 1840b: 86. Type-species: Solenopsis mandibularis (junior synonym of Atta geminata), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Solenopsis in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 177.
Solenopsis in Attidae: Smith, F. 1860a: 74; Smith, F. 1861b: 48.
Solenopsis in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 333; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Solenopsis in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Solenopsis in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 75.
Solenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; Bolton, 1987: 271.
Solenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 130; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 79; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 41; Arnold, 1916: 242; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 195; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Kempf, 1972a: 232; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1384; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Junior synonyms of SOLENOPSIS
Diplorhoptrum Mayr, 1855: 449. Type-species: Formica fugax, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Diplorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 449 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 72 [Myrmicidae].
Diplorhoptrum in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 195; all subsequent authors.
Diplorhoptrum as genus: Mayr, 1855: 449; Baroni Urbani, 1968b: 68; Kutter, 1977c: 98; Bernard, 1978a: 543; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 539; Collingwood, 1979: 64; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Kupyanskaya, 1990: 132; Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 167; Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 102; Baroni Urbani, 1995: 20 (footnote).
Diplorhoptrum as subgenus of Solenopsis: Creighton, 1930b: 43; Santschi, 1934e: 566 (in text), 568; Creighton, 1950a: 233; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 813; Kusnezov, 1956: 27; Kusnezov, 1957a: 273; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Smith, M.R. 1967: 358.
Diplorhoptrum as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Mayr, 1862: 751; Roger, 1863b: 32; Mayr, 1863: 453; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 75; Forel, 1915d: 9; Emery, 1922e: 195; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 877; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 639; Ettershank, 1966: 134; Kempf, 1972a: 232; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1384; Bolton, 1987: 285; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Octella Forel, 1915b: 70 [as subgenus of Oligomyrmex]. Type-species: Oligomyrmex (Octella) pachycerus, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Octella as subgenus of Oligomyrmex: Forel, 1917: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 687; Emery, 1924d: 218.
Octella as junior synonym of Oligomyrmex: Ettershank, 1966: 119.
Octella as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Taylor, 1991db: 611.
Synsolenopsis Forel, 1918b: 155 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis (Synsolenopsis) bruchi (junior primary homonym in Solenopsis, replaced by Solenopsis bruchiella), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Synsolenopsis as subgenus of Solenopsis: Forel, 1918b: 155; Emery, 1922e: 196.
Synsolenopsis as genus: Creighton, 1930b: 41 (in text); Kusnezov, 1953c: 341; Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Synsolenopsis as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Diagyne Santschi, 1923c: 268 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis succinea by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Diagyne in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 638.
Diagyne as subgenus of Solenopsis: Santschi, 1923c: 268; Creighton, 1930b: 42; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160.
Diagyne junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Labauchena Santschi, 1930d: 81. Type-species: Labauchena daguerrei, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Labauchena in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Santschi, 1930d: 81; all subsequent authors.
Labauchena as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Euophthalma Creighton, 1930b: 43 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Myrmica globularia, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Euophthalma as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Oedaleocerus Creighton, 1930b: 43 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis angulata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Oedaleocerus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 677.
Oedaleocerus as subgenus of Solenopsis: Creighton, 1930b: 43.
Oedaleocerus as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Oedaleocerus as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Bisolenopsis Kusnezov, 1953d: 9. Type-species: Bisolenopsis sea, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Bisolenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1953d: 9; Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 159; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Bisolenopsis as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
[Disolenopsis Snelling, R.R. 1981: 397, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Paranamyrma Kusnezov, 1953d: 17. Type-species: Paranamyrma solenopsidis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Paranamyrma also described as new by Kusnezov, 1954a: 9.]
Paranamyrma in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 267 (in key); Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Paranamyrma as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Granisolenopsis Kusnezov, 1956: 26 [as subgenus of Solenopsis] (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Solenopsis (Granisolenopsis) granivora, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Granisolenopsis also described as new by Kusnezov, 1957a: 277.]
Granisolenopsis as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Lilidris Kusnezov, 1956: 26 (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Lilidris metatarsalis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Lilidris also described as new by Kusnezov, 1957a: 274 and Kusnezov, 1958b: 189.]
Lilidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 274; Kusnezov, 1958b: 189; Kusnezov, 1962b: 159; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.
Lilidris as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Ettershank, 1966: 134.
Genus Solenopsis references
Smith, F. 1858b: 177 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 32 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 453 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 109 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 996 (all species key); André, 1883b: 387 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 75 (catalogue); Emery, 1896g: 82 (New World species key); Forel, 1903a: 689 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 158 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1909a: 29 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 165 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1916: 242 (diagnosis); Emery, 1922e: 195 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 163, 877, 1028 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 218 (Oligomyrmex (Octella) diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1930b: 42 (subgenera key); Creighton, 1930b: 45 (S. (Solenopsis) species key); Creighton, 1930b: 106 (S. (Euophthalma) species key); Cole, 1942: 361 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bernard, 1950a: 5 (France species key); Creighton, 1950a: 228 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 167 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1952b: 50 (South America S. saevissima complex, key); Kusnezov, 1953c: 347 (Synsolenopsis species key); Gregg, 1963: 370 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Snelling, R.R. 1963: 1 (U.S.A S. geminata group species); Ettershank, 1966: 134 (diagnosis, review of genus, checklist); Bernard, 1967: 170 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 37 (Bisolenopsis species key); Buren, 1972: 1 (S. geminata group, partial revision); Kempf, 1972a: 232 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 81 (Chile species key); Kutter, 1977c: 99 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 539 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Bernard, 1978a: 573 (France species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1385 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 302 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 87 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 50 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 72 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Bolton, 1987: 285 (synonymy notes); Thompson & Johnson, 1989: 697 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 240 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 378 (Neotropical catalogue); Trager, 1991: 141 (S. geminata group revision, key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 41 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 48 (Armenia species key); Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 102 (Central Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 386 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 70 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 358 (Saudi Arabia species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 18 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 165 (Australia synopsis); Taber, 2000: 234 (U.S.A. S. geminata group, key); Snelling, R.R. 2001: 522 (Puerto Rico S. fugax group, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 196 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Terayama, 2009: 157 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Myrmica TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 171 species, 2 subspecies
Fossil: 5 species
Myrmica Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica rubra, by subsequent designation of Latreille, 1810: 437; see also Yarrow, 1955b: 113.
Taxonomic history
Myrmica in Myrmicites: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 180.
Myrmica in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 114.
Myrmica in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 324; Cresson, 1887: 260.
Myrmica in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 396 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 62 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 460 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 108.
Myrmica in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 63; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 59; Forel, 1917: 241; Bondroit, 1918: 96; Emery, 1921f: 36; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of MYRMICA
Sifolinia Emery, 1907: 49. Type-species: Sifolinia laurae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Sifolinia in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 117; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661.
Sifolinia in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Collingwood, 1979: 58; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Sifolinia as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Bolton, 1988a: 3; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 219.
†Nothomyrmica Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 60. Type-species: †Macromischa rudis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[†Nothomyrmica Wheeler, W.M. 1908g: 413, and Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 167, nomina nuda.]
†Nothomyrmica in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 60; all subsequent authors except the following.
†Nothomyrmica in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 675 (error).
†Nothomyrmica in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 292.
†Nothomyrmica incertae sedis in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Bolton, 2003: 62.
†Nothomyrmica as junior synonym of Myrmica: Radchenko, Dlussky & Elmes, 2007: 1495.
Sommimyrma Menozzi, 1925d: 25. Type-species: Sommimyrma symbiotica, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Sommimyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 726.
Sommimyrma as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Bolton, 1988a: 3; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 224.
Symbiomyrma Arnol'di, 1930c: 267. Type-species: Symbiomyrma karavajevi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Symbiomyrma also described as new by Arnol'di, 1933a: 41.]
Symbiomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Karavaiev, 1934: 102.
Symbiomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 729.
Symbiomyrma as genus: Karavaiev, 1934: 102; Seifert, 1994: 15; Seifert, 1996b: 236.
Symbiomyrma as junior synonym of Sifolinia: Samsinak, 1964: 156.
Symbiomyrma as junior synonym of Myrmica: Bolton, 1988a: 3; Bolton, 1994: 106; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 219.
Paramyrmica Cole, 1957a: 37. Type-species: Paramyrmica colax, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Paramyrmica in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257.
Paramyrmica as genus: Gregg, 1961: 215; Smith, M.R. 1967: 350; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1351.
Paramyrmica as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1988a: 3.
Dodecamyrmica Arnol'di, 1968: 1803 [as subgenus of Myrmica]. Type-species: Myrmica arnoldii, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dodecamyrmica as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Francoeur, 1981: 759; Bolton, 1988a: 4.
Genus Myrmica references
Mayr, 1855: 396, 397 (diagnosis, Austria species key); Smith, F. 1858b: 114 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 62 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 28 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 429 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 19 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 192 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 75 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 315 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 246 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 71 (Russia species key); Lameere, 1892: 68 (Belgium species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 108 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 696 (India species key); Bingham, 1903: 267 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 652 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 15 (Luxemburg species key); Emery, 1908a: 165 (Palaearctic species key); Bondroit, 1910: 493 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 70 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 110 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 121 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1918: 98 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1921f: 36 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 117 (Sifolinia diagnosis, catalogue); Finzi, 1926: 77 (diagnosis, European species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 190 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 258 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 118 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 599 (Russia species key); Arnol'di, 1934: 151 (former European U.S.S.R. species, biometrics); Karavaiev, 1934: 63 (Ukraine species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 293 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 74 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 75 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 75 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 367 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 168 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 175 (Belgium species key); Weber, 1947: 444 (North America species key); Creighton, 1950a: 92 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 124 (Asia checklist); Sadil, 1952: 264 (Czechia & Slovakia species key); Collingwood, 1958b: 65 (Britain species key); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 290 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 96 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964: 101 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 107 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 156 (Sifolinia diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 16 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1970b: 1832 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1973c: 253 (morphology, satellite genera, Sifolinia, Sommimyrma, Symbiomyrma, key to first); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1976a: 554 (central Asia & Kazakhstan species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 20 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 43 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 530 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 78 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 41 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1347, 1351 (North America Myrmica, Paramyrmica catalogues); Francoeur, 1981: 755 (M. lampra group); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 294 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 22 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Kupyanskaya, 1986a: 83 (Far Eastern Russia M. lobicornis group, key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 62 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 267 (Balkans species key); Seifert, 1988b: 43 (Europe, Asia Minor & Caucasus species key); Bolton, 1988a: 3 (diagnosis, review of genus, venation); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 92 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 8 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 80 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 20 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 105 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994c: 130 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Douwes, 1995: 86 (Sweden species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 337 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 277 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 91 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 140 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Radchenko, Czechowski & Czechowsa, 1997: 481 (Poland species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 12 (Portugal species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 1998: 3 (M. ritae group, key); Elmes & Radchenko, 1998: 218 (Taiwan species key); Wei, Zhou, He & Liu, 2001: 561 (China species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2001: 262 (Himalaya species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 141 (Poland species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 239 (Palaearctic socially parasitic species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 133 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Radchenko, Elmes & Bui, 2006: 43 (Vietnam species key); Radchenko, Elmes & Alicata, 2006: 531 (Palaearctic schencki group key); Seifert, 2007: 131 (North and Central Europe species key); Francoeur, 2007: 156 (punctiventris group key); Radchenko, Dlussky & Elmes, 2007: 1497 (late Eocene amber species key); Terayama, 2009: 160 (Taiwan species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2009a: 85 (pachei group key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 713 (Palaearctic, Oriental, all species revision, keys).
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 67 species, 9 subspecies
Fossil: 1 species
Pogonomyrmex Mayr, 1868b: 169. Type-species: Formica badia, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 170.
Taxonomic history
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicidae: Cresson, 1887: 260.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 118.
Pogonomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 61; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 44; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of POGONOMYRMEX
Ephebomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex naegelii, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.
Taxonomic history
Ephebomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.
Ephebomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1902c: 390; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Gallardo, 1932b: 94; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643; Kusnezov, 1949c: 293; Creighton, 1950a: 132; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 794; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 115; Kusnezov, 1964: 56; Kusnezov, 1956: 118; Smith, M.R. 1967: 351; Cole, 1968: 22; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357; Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108; Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42.
Ephebomyrmex as genus: Creighton, 1957a: 54; Kusnezov, 1960b: 350; Kempf, 1972a: 106; Brown, 1973b: 180; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Mackay & Vinson, 1989b: 14; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13; Taber, 1998: 146.
Ephebomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 28; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649; Bolton, 2003: 223.
Forelomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80 [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex].
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote); junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Forelomyrmex as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 48; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646; Kusnezov, 1951a: 245; Kempf, 1972a: 209.
Forelomyrmex as junior synonym of Pogonomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Lattke, 1991a: 305; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 29; Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1649.
Homonym replaced by Forelomyrmex
Janetia Forel, 1899c: 61 (footnote) [as subgenus of Pogonomyrmex]. Type-species: Pogonomyrmex (Janetia) mayri, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Junior homonym of Janetia Kieffer, 1896: 236 (Diptera).]
Genus Pogonomyrmex references
Mayr, 1870b: 970 (all species key); Mayr, 1887: 608 (all species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 118 (catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1902a: 97 (North America species key); Emery, 1921f: 44 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 48 (P. (Ephebomyrmex) & P. (Forelomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Gallardo, 1932b: 95 (Argentina species key); Cole, 1942: 364 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Kusnezov, 1949c: 301 (Argentina P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Creighton, 1950a: 113 (North America species key); Kusnezov, 1951a: 254 (Argentina species key); Kusnezov, 1954c: 85 (Bolivia species key); Creighton, 1957a: 54 (North America Ephebomyrmex); Gregg, 1963: 317 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Cole, 1968: 21, 38, 155 (North America Pogonomyrmex & P. (Ephebomyrmex) diagnoses, species revision, keys); Kempf, 1972a: 106, 206 (Neotropical Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex catalogues); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 72 (Chile species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1353 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 442 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 104 (supplement to Cole, 1968 key); Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 108 (North America P. (Ephebomyrmex) species key); Mackay, Mackay, Dominguez, et al. 1985: 42 (Mexico species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 26 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada Ephebomyrmex species key); Shattuck, 1987: 175 (P. occidentalis complex, key); Taber, 1990: 307 (U.S.A. species complexes, phylogeny); Brandão, 1991: 342, 372 (Neotropical catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 339 (catalogue); Taber, 1998: 146, 147 (Ephebomyrmex, Pogonomyrmex species key); Fernández & Palacio, 1998: 1657 (northern South America species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 180 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lattke, 2006: 56 (northern South America species key); Johnson, R.A. & Overson, 2009: 313 (P. californicus group key); Cuezzo & Claver, 2009: 99 (Argentina species key).
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 461 species, 16 subspecies
Fossil:
Tetramorium Mayr, 1855: 423. Type-species: Formica caespitum, by subsequent designation of Girard, 1879: 1016.
Taxonomic history
Tetramorium in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 423 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 61 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 457 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 130.
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Forel, 1899c: 52; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).
Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1917: 271; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 275; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of TETRAMORIUM
Tetrogmus Roger, 1857: 10. Type-species: Tetrogmus caldarius, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Tetrogmus as subgenus of Tetramorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141.
Tetrogmus as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Roger, 1862c: 297; all subsequent authors except the above; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195.
Xiphomyrmex Forel, 1887: 385 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Xiphomyrmex) kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 175.
Taxonomic history
Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 130.
Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 286; all subsequent authors.
Xiphomyrmex as subgenus of Tetramorium: Dalla Torre, 1893: 130; Forel, 1899c: 53; Forel, 1903a: 700; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Arnold, 1917: 274; Arnold, 1926: 277.
Xiphomyrmex as genus: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1896e: 183; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 193; Emery, 1924d: 286; Smith, M.R. 1938a: 126; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736; Creighton, 1950a: 293; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 824; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 179; Bernard, 1953b: 250; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Xiphomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bingham, 1903: 175; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Triglyphothrix Forel, 1890b: cvi. Type-species: Triglyphothrix walshi, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Triglyphothrix in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 135.
Triglyphothrix in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 272; all subsequent authors.
Triglyphothrix as subgenus of Tetramorium: Arnold, 1917: 274; Arnold, 1926: 272.
Triglyphothrix as genus: Forel, 1890b: cvi. Dalla Torre, 1893: 135; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1903a: 703; Bingham, 1903: 171; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 196; Emery, 1924d: 272; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734; Creighton, 1950a: 285; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 823; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 178; Bernard, 1953b: 248; Kempf, 1972a: 255; Bolton, 1976: 310; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1399; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 91.
Triglyphothrix as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1985: 247; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Atopula Emery, 1912b: 104. Type-species: Atopomyrmex nodifer, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Atopula in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini: Emery, 1912b: 105; Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242 [subtribe Podomyrmini]; all subsequent authors to Bolton, 1976: 359.
Atopula in Myrmicinae, Podomyrmini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Atopula as subgenus of Vollenhovia: Emery, 1912d: 273.
Atopula as subgenus of Terataner: Arnold, 1952b: 129.
Atopula as genus: Emery, 1912b: 104; Emery, 1914a: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242; Bernard, 1948: 177; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).
Atopula as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Macromischoides Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53. Type-species: Macromischa aculeata, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Macromischoides in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).
Macromischoides in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Santschi, 1924b: 207; all subsequent authors.
Macromischoides as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 187; Santschi, 1924b: 206; Bernard, 1953b: 248; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Macromischoides as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 196.
[Macromichoides Santschi, 1924b: 206, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Lobomyrmex Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Lobomyrmex) ferox silhavyi (junior synonym of Tetramorium ferox), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Lobomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 196.
Sulcomyrmex Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Unavailable name. Proposed without designation of type-species and therefore unavailable. Species included by Kratochvíl (1941) are all referable to Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359.]
Apomyrmex Calilung, 2000: 66. Type-species: Apomyrmex manobo, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Apomyrmex incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Calilung, 2000: 66.
Apomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 2003: 227, 269.
Genus Tetramorium references
Roger, 1863b: 26, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 456 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 972 (all species key); André, 1883a: 285 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1893e: 214 (Triglyphothrix species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 130, 135 (Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 700, 703 (India & Sri Lanka Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix species keys); Bingham, 1903: 172, 175 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 517 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909d: 695 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 195 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1917: 271, 275, 334, 345 (diagnosis, South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium), T. (Triglyphothrix), T. (Xiphomyrmex) species keys); Bondroit, 1918: 106 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1919: 353 (Papuasia Triglyphothrix species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 187, 190, 193, 196 (Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 886, 889, 893, 906, 909 (Afrotropical Atopula, Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1030, 1031, 1032 (Malagasy Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 242 (Atopula diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 272 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 275 (Tetramorium diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 286 (Xiphomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1924b: 210 (Macromischoides species key); Arnold, 1926: 241 (South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium) species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 74 (Israel species key); Finzi, 1936: 183 (Egypt species key); Smith, M.R. 1938a: 127 (North America Xiphomyrmex species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 84 (Central Europe species key); Smith, M.R. 1943b: 2 (North America species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 76, 95 (Central Europe species key); Creighton, 1950a: 290, 293 (North America Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 174, 178, 179 (Asia Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix, Xiphomyrmex checklists); Brown, 1958h: 27 (New Zealand species); Bernard, 1967: 227 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 249, 255 (Neotropical Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 18 (Cuba species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 105 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Bolton, 1976: 310, 314, 341 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, Afrotropical, Oriental & Malesian species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1976: 359 (Tetramorium diagnosis, review of genus, synonymy); Bolton, 1977: 72, 133 (Oriental & Malesian, Australia species revisions, keys); Kutter, 1977c: 150 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 544 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 82 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1399, 1400 (North America Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium catalogues); Bolton, 1979: 132, 159 (Malagasy, New World species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1980: 196, 205 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Collingwood, 1985: 262 (Saudi Arabia species key); Gösswald, 1985: 311 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 88 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 78 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 277 (Balkans species key); Wang, M., Xiao & Wu, 1988: 264 (China species key); Radchenko & Arakelian, 1990: 371 (Crimea & Caucasus T. ferox complex, key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 197 (Turkmenistan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 149 (Bulgaria species key); Radchenko, 1992a: 44 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 33 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 60 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 109 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 403 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 79 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 332 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 158 (Central Europe species key); Cagniant, 1997: 89 (Morocco species key); Radchenko, Czechowski & Czechowsa, 1998: 107 (Poland species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 17 (Portugal species key); Sanetra, Güsten & Schulz, 1999: 317 (Italy, species); Shattuck, 1999: 168 (Australia synopsis); Chang & He, 2001a: 1 (northwest China species key); Zhou, 2001b: 100 (China, Guangxi species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 145 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 214 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Seifert, 2007: 145 (North and Central Europe species key); Csösz, Radchenko & Schulz, 2007: 8 (T. chefketi complex key); Terayama, 2009: 162 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 177 (south-western Australia species key); Csösz & Schulz, 2010: 12 (T. ferox complex key); Hita Garcia, Fischer & Peters, 2010b: 12 (Afrotropical T. weitzeckeri species group key).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 176 species, 39 subspecies
Fossil: 19 species
Aphaenogaster Mayr, 1853b: 107. Type-species: Aphaenogaster sardoa, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 270.
Taxonomic history
Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 466 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 461 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 260 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1891b: 166; Forel, 1895b: 129; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 58; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 53; Santschi, 1932b: 13; Kempf, 1972a: 22 (anachronism).
Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae, Aphaenogastrini: Enzmann, J. 1947b: 147.
Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Pheidolidae]; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 55 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Brown, 1949a: 48; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 131; all subsequent authors.
Aphaenogaster as junior synonym of Atta: Mayr, 1863: 395.
Aphaenogaster as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1903a: 693.
Aphaenogaster as genus: Emery, 1908c: 309; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonyms of APHAENOGASTER
Deromyrma Forel, 1913b: 350 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) swammerdami, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Deromyrma also described as new by Forel, 1913k: 49.]
Deromyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1913k: 49; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680; all subsequent authors to the following.
Deromyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.
Planimyrma Viehmeyer, 1914d: 604 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Stenamma (Ischnomyrmex) loriai, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Planimyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Viehmeyer, 1914d: 604; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680; all subsequent authors to the following.
Planimyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.
Attomyrma Emery, 1915d: 70 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Formica subterranea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Attomyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Emery, 1915d: 70; Emery, 1916b: 129; Emery, 1921f: 56; all subsequent authors to the following.
Attomyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.
Novomessor Emery, 1915d: 73. Type-species: Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) cockerelli, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Novomessor in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 66 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors except the following.
Novomessor in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 675; Kempf, 1972a: 166.
Novomessor as genus: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 343; Creighton, 1950a: 155; Hölldobler, Stanton & Engel, 1976: 32.
Novomessor as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1974b: 47; Bolton, 1982: 364 (discussion pp. 339-341).
Nystalomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1916j: 215 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Myrmica longiceps, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Nystalomyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Wheeler, W.M. 1916j: 215; Emery, 1921f: 61; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 676.
Nystalomyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.
Brunella Forel, 1917: 234. Type-species: Aphaenogaster belti, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Brunella in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Forel, 1917: 245.
Brunella in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.
Brunella incertae sedis in Formicidae: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 259 (anachronism, incomprehensible entry).
Brunella incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Brunella as junior synonym of Atopula: Emery, 1924d: 242; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.
Brunella as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Bolton, 1982: 364; Bolton, 1994: 106.
†Sinaphaenogaster Zhang, 1989: 266 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: †Paraphaenogaster shanwangensis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Sinaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Bolton, 2003: 230, 273.
Genus Aphaenogaster references
Mayr, 1855: 466 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 29 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 19 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 92 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 195 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 74 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883b: 348 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1886d: 443 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1888a: 531 (A. (Ischnomyrmex) species key); Nasonov, 1889: 74 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 98 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 270 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 714 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908c: 310 (Palaearctic species key); Bondroit, 1910: 495 (Belgium species key); Emery, 1916b: 132 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 585 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916j: 213 (Australia species); Bondroit, 1918: 156 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1921f: 55 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 56, 61, 64, 65 (A. (Attomyrma, Nystalomyrma, Deromyrma, Planimyrma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1921f: 66 (Novomessor diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680 (subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1016, 1029 (Aphaenogaster, Brunella catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 348 (Novomessor species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 296 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 112 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 81 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 81 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 363 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Buren, 1944a: 284 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 140, 155 (North America Aphaenogaster, Novomessor species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 131 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1961b: 218 (New Guinea species key); Gregg, 1963: 336 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Bernard, 1967: 128 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 22, 166 (Neotropical Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma), Novomessor catalogues); Arnol'di, 1976b: 1023 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1977c: 77 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 536 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 79 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 439 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 54 (Australia catalogue); Gösswald, 1985: 298 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 35 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 8 (Australia checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 269 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 211 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 326 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 15 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 107 (Bulgaria species key); Schulz, A. 1994a: 425 (A. (Attomyrma), partial key); Arakelian, 1994: 29 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 68 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 110 (China species key); Umphrey, 1996: 557 (North America A. fulva complex key); Cagniant, 1996a: 67 (Morocco species key); Seifert, 1996b: 156 (Central Europe species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 13 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 126 (Australia synopsis); Park & Kim, 2000: 108 (Korea species key); Zhou, 2001b: 142 (China, Guangxi species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 60 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Longino & Cover, 2004: 1 (A. phalangium complex revision); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 144 (North and Central Europe species key); Shattuck, 2008a: 27 (Australia species revision, key); Terayama, 2009: 164 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 144 (south-western Australia species key).
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 970 species, 142 subspecies
Fossil: 4 species
Pheidole Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Atta providens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidole in Poneridae, Attidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 172.
Pheidole in Attidae: Smith, F. 1860a: 74; Smith, F. 1862a: 49.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 331; Cresson, 1887: 262.
Pheidole in Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 69 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 463 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 88.
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 127; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 64; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kempf, 1972a: 183 (anachronism).
Pheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Arnold, 1920a: 414; Emery, 1921f: 77; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors except Kempf, 1972a: 183, above.
Junior synonyms of PHEIDOLE
Oecophthora Heer, 1852: 15. Type-species: Oecophthora pusilla (junior synonym of Formica megacephala), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Oecophthora in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 453 [Myrmicidae].
Oecophthora as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, F. 1858a: 282; Smith, F. 1858b: 172; Roger, 1863b: 30.
Ischnomyrmex Mayr, 1862: 738. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Emery & Forel, 1879a: 461; Bingham, 1903: 270.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1891b: 166; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98; Forel, 1899c: 59; Emery, 1908c: 313; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1902h: 439; Forel, 1903a: 693.
Ischnomyrmex as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 49.
Ischnomyrmex as genus: Mayr, 1862: 738; Emery, 1914a: 40; Viehmeyer, 1914d: 601; Forel, 1917: 241; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Emery, 1922e: 113. Stitz, 1911a: 367; Kusnezov, 1952b: 10 (in key).
Ischnomyrmex as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Leptomyrma Motschoulsky, 1863: 17. Type-species: Leptomyrma gracilipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Leptomyrma in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 329.
Leptomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1892b: 166; all subsequent authors.
Pheidolacanthinus Smith, F. 1865: 75. Type-species: Pheidolacanthinus armatus (junior synonym of Myrmica quadrispinosa), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1871a: 333.
Pheidolacanthinus in Myrmicinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.
Pheidolacanthinus as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Pheidolacanthinus as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Ceratopheidole Pergande, 1896: 889 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) granulata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Ceratopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Ceratopheidole as genus: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 104 (anachronism).
Ceratopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Pergande, 1896: 889; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Ceratopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Epipheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1903f: 664. Type-species: Epipheidole inquilina, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Epipheidole also described as new by Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 14.]
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Epipheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 114; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Creighton, 1950a: 192.
Epipheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Cole, 1965: 174; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Phidole Bingham, 1903: 220, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Wheeler, 1922a: 806.
Sympheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 7. Type-species: Sympheidole elecebra, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Sympheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors to the following.
Sympheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Phidola Schulz, W.A. 1906: 155, unjustified emendation of Pheidole.
Taxonomic history
Phidola as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365.
Allopheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole kingi (junior synonym of Pheidole tepicana), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79.
Taxonomic history
Allopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237; Forel, 1917: 241.
Allopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Decapheidole Forel, 1912f: 237 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole perpusilla, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.
Taxonomic history
Decapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661.
Decapheidole as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Borgmeier, 1927c: 78.
Decapheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1912f: 237, Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Kempf, 1972a: 183.
Decapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Isopheidole Forel, 1912m: 765 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Myrmica longipes, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Isopheidole as junior synonym of Ischnomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1913k: 49; Emery, 1922e: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680 (in key). [Ischnomyrmex and Isopheidole share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Elasmopheidole Forel, 1913k: 43 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole aberrans, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1915i: 190.
Taxonomic history
Elasmopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1913k: 43; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 110; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Elasmopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Cardiopheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole vaslitii, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Cardiopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 48; Forel, 1917: 241.
Cardiopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Emery, 1921f: 84; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Anergatides Wasmann, 1915b: 281. Type-species: Anergatides kohli (junior secondary homonym in Pheidole, replaced by Pheidole neokohli), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 243 [subtribe Anergatini]; Emery, 1922e: 116 [subtribe Anergatidini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 623.
Anergatides in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).
Anergatides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 328; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Parapheidole Emery, 1915d: 68. Type-species: Aphaenogaster oculata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Parapheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 115; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.
Parapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Macropheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole fimbriata, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Macropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 81; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Macropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 800; Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366.
Scrobopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole scrobifera, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Scrobopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 112; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Scrobopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Stegopheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Elasmopheidole) upeneci, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Stegopheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Emery, 1921f: 83; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Stegopheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Trachypheidole Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole bicornis, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Trachypheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 673; all subsequent authors to the following.
Trachypheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Electropheidole Mann, 1921: 438 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole (Electropheidole) roosevelti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 642.
Taxonomic history
Electropheidole as subgenus of Pheidole: Mann, 1921: 438; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 672; all subsequent authors to the following.
Electropheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Bruchomyrma Santschi, 1922d: 248. Type-species: Bruchomyrma acutidens, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.
Bruchomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 42.
Bruchomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Bolton, 1994: 106; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Bruchomyrma as genus: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Cephalomorium Forel, 1922: 91 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Cephalomorium) bahai, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Cephalomorium as junior synonym of Hendecapheidole: Santschi, 1925d: 228.
Hendecapheidole Wheeler, W.M. 1922d: 3 [as subgenus of Pheidole]. Type-species: Pheidole tachigaliae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Hendecapheidole as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma Bruch, 1932: 271. Type-species: Gallardomyrma argentina, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646.
Gallardomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 110.
Gallardomyrma as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Wilson, 1984: 327; Wilson, 2003: 6.
Gallardomyrma as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 110; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Conothoracoides Strand, 1935: 176.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Conothorax Karavaiev; junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothoracoides as junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395.
Homonym replaced by Conothoracoides
Conothorax Karavaiev, 1935a: 75. Type-species: Conothorax bilobum, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
[Conothorax Karavaiev junior homonym of Conothorax Jekel, 1854: 9 bis (foldout pages) (Coleoptera).]
Conothorax in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Karavaiev, 1935a: 75.
Eriopheidole Kusnezov, 1952a: 10. Type-species: Eriopheidole symbiotica (unresolved junior secondary homonym in Pheidole), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Kusnezov, 1952a: 10.
Eriopheidole in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Kempf, 1972a: 107.
Eriopheidole junior synonym of Pheidole: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1366; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395; Bolton, 1994: 106.
Eriopheidole as genus: Kempf, 1972a: 107; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).
Xenoaphaenogaster Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 50. Type-species: Xenoaphaenogaster inquilina (junior synonym of Myrmica pallidula), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional].
Xenoaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Pheidole: Bolton, 1987: 291.
Genus Pheidole references
Smith, F. 1858b: 172 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 70 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 27, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 424, 440 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 18, 22 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 92, 96 (Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole diagnoses); Mayr, 1870b: 977, 979 (Australia & New World species keys); Mayr, 1876: 102 (Australia species key); André, 1883b: 382 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1879: 674 (Asia species key); Mayr, 1887: 582 (New World species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A., catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 75 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 88, 98 (Pheidole, Pheidolacanthinus catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 288 (North America species key); Mayr, 1896: 241 (Africa species, partial key); Emery, 1896g: 80 (P. flavens group, key); Forel, 1902c: 165 (India species key); Forel, 1902f: 523 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 223 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 133 (Puerto Rico species key); Arnold, 1920a: 414 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1921f: 78 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 81 (P. (Macropheidole) & P. (Pheidolacanthinus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1921f: 83 (P. (Stegopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Mann, 1921: 442 (Fiji Is species key); Emery, 1922e: 110 (P. (Elasmopheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 111 (P. (Trachypheidole) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 112 (P. (Scrobopheidole), P. (Decapheidole) & P. (Ceratopheidole) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 113 (Ischnomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 114 (Epipheidole diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 115 (Sympheidole, Parapheidole diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 116 (Anergatides diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 126, 672 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 806, 879 (Afrotropical Pheidole, Anergatides catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1017, 1021 (Malagasy Pheidole, Parapheidole catalogues); Gallardo, 1932c: 179 (Argentina Elasmopheidole species key); Finzi, 1936: 165 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 298 (Himalaya species key); Cole, 1942: 362 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Buren, 1944a: 285 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 163 (North America species key); Creighton, 1950a: 192, 194 (North America Epipheidole, Sympheidole species); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 135, 137 (Asia Ceratopheidole, Conothorax, Ischnomyrmex, Pheidole checklists); Kusnezov, 1952b: 61 (Argentina species key); Smith, M.R. 1955c: 302 (P. (Hendecapheidole) species key); Gregg, 1959: 9 (U.S.A. species key); Gregg, 1963: 407 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 126 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 149 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Gregg, 1969: 95 (addition to Gregg, 1959 U.S.A. key); Kempf, 1972a: 183 (Neotropical catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 11 (Cuba species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1365 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 441 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Ogata, 1982: 191 (Japan species key); Collingwood, 1985: 253 (Saudi Arabia species key); Naves, 1985: 54 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 74 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 41 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 53 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklists); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 271 (Balkans species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 15 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 123 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 368 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 22 (Japan species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 345 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 316 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 99 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 322 (Saudi Arabia species key); Park & Kim, 2000: 109 (Korea species key); Shattuck, 1999: 152 (Australia synopsis); Eguchi, 1999: 103 (Borneo P. longipes group, key); Ward, 2000: 96 (U.S.A. P. hyatti complex, key); Zhou, 2001b: 121 (China, Guangxi species key); Eguchi, 2001b: 10 (Borneo species key); ; Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 149 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key)Wilson, 2003: 27 (New World, all species revision, keys); Sarnat, 2008: 8 (Fiji Is P. roosevelti group, key); Eguchi, 2008: 8 (North Vietnam species key); Terayama, 2009: 171 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 169 (south-western Australia species key); Sarnat & Moreau, 2011: 114 (P. roosevelti group phylogeny and radiation).
Genera incertae sedis in Pheidolini
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Formicoxenus TRUE TRUE FALSE7 species
Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855: 413. Type-species: Myrmica nitidula, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 413 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 62.
Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 264; all subsequent authors except the following.
Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Bolton, 1994: 105.
Formicoxenus as junior synonym of Stenamma: Mayr, 1863: 422; Roger, 1863b: 25; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 457.
Formicoxenus as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional].
Formicoxenus as genus: André, 1882c: 273; all subsequent authors except the above; Francoeur, Loiselle & Buschinger, 1985: 343.
Junior synonym of FORMICOXENUS
Symmyrmica Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 3. Type-species: Symmyrmica chamberlini, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Symmyrmica in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.
Symmyrmica in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Symmyrmica in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 263; all subsequent authors.
Symmyrmica as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional].
Symmyrmica as junior synonym of Formicoxenus: Francoeur, Loiselle & Buschinger, 1985: 347.
Genus Formicoxenus references
André, 1882c: 273 (Europe & Algeria species); Dalla Torre, 1893: 62 (catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 263 (Symmyrmica diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 264 (diagnosis, catalogue); Bernard, 1967: 225 (diagnosis); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1398 (Symmyrmica catalogue); Francoeur, Loiselle & Buschinger, 1985: 374 (diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 148 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 111 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 206 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 91 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key).
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Leptothorax TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 18 species, 2 subspecies
Fossil:
Leptothorax Mayr, 1855: 431. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 214.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Myrmica clypeata, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1912d: 271; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79 and Emery, 1924d: 248.]
Leptothorax in Myrmicidae, Myrmicidae: Emery, 1877a: 81.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 431 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 57 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 458 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 122.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 54; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 63; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Stenammini: Ashmead, 1905b: 383.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1916: 257; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 247; subsequent authors to the following.
Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105; Mackay, 2000: 267.
Junior synonyms of LEPTOTHORAX
Mychothorax Ruzsky, 1904a: 288. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Mychothorax as subgenus of Leptothorax: Ruzsky, 1905b: 609; Emery, 1915g: 24; Emery, 1916b: 176; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679; Emery, 1924d: 260; Creighton, 1950a: 274.
Mychothorax as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Smith, M.R. 1950: 29; Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Bolton, 1982: 319. [Leptothorax and Mychothorax share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Doronomyrmex Kutter, 1945: 485. Type-species: Doronomyrmex pacis, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Doronomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini:Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.
Doronomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105.
Doronomyrmex as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Heinze, 1998: 195; Bolton, 2003: 270.
Genus Leptothorax references
Mayr, 1855: 433 (Austria species key); Mayr, 1861: 58 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 26, 28, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 428, 456 (Leptothorax, Macromischa, Temnothorax catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 20, 21 (Macromischa, Leptothorax, Temnothorax diagnoses); Mayr, 1868c: 83 (†Baltic Amber species key); André, 1874: 188 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 84 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 293 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1886d: 451 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 70 (Russia species key); Emery, 1891b: 5 (North Africa species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 120, 122 (Macromischa, Leptothorax catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 317 (North America species key); Emery, 1896g: 58 (Neotropical species key); Bingham, 1903: 215 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1903c: 223 (North America species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 570 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 16 (Luxemburg species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 141 (Macromischa species key); Santschi, 1909b: 460 (L. rottenbergi group key); Bondroit, 1910: 496 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 60 (Central Europe species key); Crawley, 1914: 91 (Britain species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 147 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 176 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Arnold, 1916: 257 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Bondroit, 1918: 117 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1920: 408 (Macromischa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677 (Macromischa subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679 (Leptothorax subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 890 (Afrotropical catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1029 (Malagasy catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 245 (Macromischa catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 247 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 249 (L. (Goniothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 251 (L. (Leptothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 259 (L. (Temnothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 260 (L. (Dichothorax) & L. (Mychothorax) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 264 (Symmyrmica review, catalogue); Karavaiev, 1927c: 266 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 163 (Britain species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 38 (Turkestan species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 31 (Macromischa, Croesomyrmex, Antillaemyrmex checklists); Arnol'di, 1933b: 598 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 68 (Israel species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 134 (Ukraine species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 463 (Macromischa checklist); Menozzi, 1939a: 307 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 158 (Germany species key); Smith, M.R. 1939e: 503 (U.S.A. Macromischa species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 369 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 172 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 123 (Czechoslovakia males, key); Buren, 1944a: 286 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 178 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 251, 256 (North America Macromischa, Leptothorax species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 110 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1952b: 97 (U.S.A. L. tricarinatus complex, key); Bernard, 1956a: 151 (Western Europe species groups); Kusnezov, 1958c: 266 (subgenera key); Boven, 1959: 8 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 380 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 139 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964: 99 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 185 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 187 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 224 (Doronomyrmex diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 20 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1971: 1824 (Kazakhstan species key); Kempf, 1972a: 132, 135 (Neotropical Leptothorax, Macromischa catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 15 (Macromischa Cuba species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 83 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 103 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 540 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 83 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 68 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 533 (L. (Macromischa) all species revision, key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1391 (North America catalogue); Buschinger, 1981: 211 (Doronomyrmex review); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bolton, 1982: 319 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species key); Gösswald, 1985: 303 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 51 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 60 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Soyunov, 1988: 29 (former U.S.S.R. Temnothorax species); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 184, 188 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 136 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 349 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 26 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 129 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 52 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 111 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994d: 146 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 235 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 89 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 347 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 108 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 325 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 13 (Central Europe Doronomyrmex species key); Seifert, 1996b: 119 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Cagniant & Espadaler, 1997: 260 (Morocco species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama & Onoyama, 1999: 73 (Japan species key); Mackay, 2000: 265, 288, 297 (New World L. (Myrafant) species revision key, Mexico & Guatemala species key, species complexes key); Fontenla Rizo, 2001: 15 (Cuba Macromischa species key); Chang & He, 2001b: 1 (northwest China species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 143 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 93 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 270 (genus diagnosis); Lyu & Cho, 2003b: 269 (Korea species key); Radchenko, 2004: 131 (Eastern Palaearctic species, key); Deyrup & Cover, 2004a: 56 (southeast U.S.A. species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 118 (North and Central Europe species key).
Heteroponerinae Heteroponerini Acanthoponera minor TRUE TRUE FALSEminor. Ectatomma (Acanthoponera) mucronatum var. minor Forel, 1899c: 9 (w.) MEXICO. [Acanthoponera minor Emery, 1896g: 33. Nomen nudum, attributed to Forel.] Combination in Acanthoponera: Emery, 1911d: 36. Raised to species: Brown, 1958g: 194. Senior synonym of schwarzi, spininodis: Brown, 1958g: 194; of crassa: Kempf & Brown, 1968: 90.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus emmae TRUE TRUE FALSEemmae. Acanthostichus emmae Mackay, 1996: 148, figs. 57, 58 (q.) MEXICO.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus quirozi TRUE TRUE FALSEquirozi. Acanthostichus quirozi Mackay, 1996: 164, figs. 5, 34, 35 (w.) MEXICO.
Cerapachyinae Acanthostichini Acanthostichus skwarrae TRUE TRUE FALSEskwarrae. Acanthostichus skwarrae Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 161 (w.) MEXICO. See also: Mackay, 1996: 167.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex echinatior TRUE TRUE FALSEechinatior. Atta (Acromyrmex) octospinosa var. echinatior Forel, 1899c: 34 (w.q.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 72 (m.). Combination in Acromyrmex: Emery, 1924d: 350. Subspecies of octospinosus: Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 71. Raised to species: Schultz, Bekkevold & Boomsma, 1998: 460.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex versicolor TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
versicolor. Atta versicolor Pergande, 1893: 31 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 704 (q.m.). Combination in Atta (Acromyrmex): Emery, 1895c: 330; in Atta (Moellerius): Emery, 1905c: 108; in Acromyrmex (Moellerius): Emery, 1924d: 351. See also: Fowler, 1988: 291. Current subspecies: nominal plus chisosensis.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex octospinosus ekchuah TRUE TRUE FALSEekchuah. Acromyrmex octospinosus subsp. ekchuah Wheeler, W.M. 1937c: 73 (s.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Attini Acromyrmex lundii carli TRUE TRUE FALSEcarli. Acromyrmex lundi subsp. carli Gonçalves, 1961: 152 (w.) MEXICO. [First available use of Acromyrmex lundi st. pubescens var. carli Santschi, 1925a: 385; unavailable name.]
Formicinae Lasiini Acropyga exsanguis TRUE TRUE FALSEexsanguis. Rhizomyrma exsanguis Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 238 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Acropyga (Rhizomyrma): Mann, 1922: 53. Senior synonym of bruchi, paramaribensis, robae, wheeleri: LaPolla, 2004a: 47.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex betoi TRUE TRUE FALSEbetoi. Adelomyrmex betoi Fernández, 2003b: 13, fig. 72 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex mackayi TRUE TRUE FALSEmackayi. Adelomyrmex mackayi Fernández, 2003b: 22 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex micans TRUE TRUE FALSEmicans. Adelomyrmex micans Fernández, in Fernández & Mackay, 2003: 601 (w.q.) MEXICO. See also: Fernández, 2003b: 23.
Myrmicinae Adelomyrmecini Adelomyrmex robustus TRUE TRUE FALSErobustus. Adelomyrmex robustus Fernández, 2003b: 26, figs. 4-6, 25-30, 72 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Amblyoponinae Amblyoponini Amblyopone orizabana TRUE TRUE FALSEorizabana. Amblyopone orizabana Brown, 1960a: 190 (w.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of tropicalis: Lattke, 1991c: 5.
Ponerinae Ponerini Anochetus orchidicola TRUE TRUE FALSEorchidicola. Anochetus orchidicola Brown, 1978c: 619 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster cockerelli TRUE TRUE FALSEcockerelli. Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) cockerelli André, 1893b: 150 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 350 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1960b: 10 (l.). Combination in Stenamma (Ischnomyrmex): Forel, 1901c: 128; in Novomessor: Emery, 1915d: 73; in Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1974b: 47. Senior synonym of sonorae: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 352. See also: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972b: 239; Hölldobler, Stanton & Engel, 1976: 32; Hölldobler, Stanton & Markl, 1978: 163; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1360; Bolton, 1982: 340.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster ensifera TRUE TRUE FALSEensifera. Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) ensifera Forel, 1899c: 59 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma): Emery, 1915d: 71. Senior synonym of manni: Brown, 1974b: 46.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster mexicana TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicana. Ischnomyrmex mexicanum Pergande, 1896: 893 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex): Forel, 1899c: 60; in Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma): Emery, 1915d: 71.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster mutica TRUE TRUE FALSEmutica. Aphaenogaster mutica Pergande, 1896: 891 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma): Emery, 1921f: 58.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster patruelis TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
patruelis. Aphaenogaster patruelis Forel, 1886b: xli (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 133 (m.). Combination in Stenamma (Aphaenogaster): Emery, 1895c: 302; in Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma): Emery, 1921f: 59. Subspecies of subterranea: Emery, 1895c: 302. Revived status as species: Wheeler, W.M. 1904d: 270; see also: Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 132. Senior synonym of willowsi: Creighton, 1950a: 146; of bakeri: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1362. Current subspecies: nominal plus carbonaria.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster patruelis carbonaria TRUE TRUE FALSEcarbonaria. Aphaenogaster carbonaria Pergande, 1894: 163 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Stenamma (Messor): Emery, 1895c: 308; in Aphaenogaster: Wheeler, W.M. 1917a: 516; in Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma): Emery, 1921f: 59. Currently subspecies of patruelis: Forel, 1899c: 58; Emery, 1921f: 59.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Aphaenogaster fulva azteca TRUE TRUE FALSEazteca. Aphaenogaster fulva var. azteca Enzmann, J. 1947b: 150 (w.) MEXICO. [First available use of Stenamma (Aphaenogaster) fulvum subsp. aquia var. aztecum Emery, 1895c: 305; unavailable name.]
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma mexicanum TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanum. Apterostigma mexicanum Lattke, 1997: 162, figs. 90, 130, 153, 200, 201 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Attini Apterostigma scutellare TRUE TRUE FALSEscutellare. Apterostigma pilosum r. scutellare Forel, 1885a: 364 (m.) MEXICO. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 149. Member of unresolved pilosum-complex: Lattke, 1997: 165.
Myrmicinae Attini Atta mexicana TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicana. Oecodoma mexicana Smith, F. 1858b: 185, pl. 10, fig. 20 (q.m.) MEXICO. Norton, 1868c: 9 (s.w.). Combination in Atta: Roger, 1863b: 35; in Atta (Archeatta): Gonçalves, 1942: 343. Junior synonym of fervens: Forel, 1885a: 362. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of insularis: Emery, 1913b: 259. Revived status as species: Gonçalves, 1942: 335. See also: Borgmeier, 1959b: 351.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca sericea TRUE TRUE FALSEsericea. Iridomyrmex sericeus Mayr, 1866a: 498, pl. fig. 8 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 239 (q.). Combination in Azteca: Forel, 1878: 384. Junior synonym of instabilis: Mayr, 1878: 870. Revived from synonymy: Emery, 1893b: 134. Senior synonym of mexicana: Longino, 2007: 61.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca velox TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
velox. Azteca velox Forel, 1899c: 108, pl. 4, fig. 13 (s.w.q.m.) MEXICO. Replacement name for fasciata Pergande, 1896: 867. [Junior primary homonym of fasciata Emery, 1893b: 143.] Senior synonym of nigriventris, rectinota: Longino, 2007: 50. Current subspecies: nominal plus rochai.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Azteca xanthochroa TRUE TRUE FALSExanthochroa. Liometopum xanthochroum Roger, 1863a: 167 (q.) MEXICO. Mayr, 1866a: 497 (w.); Emery, 1896c: 2 (w.); Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 247 (l.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 193 (l.). Combination in Azteca: Forel, 1878: 384. Junior synonym of instabilis: Mayr, 1878: 870. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of instabilis: Emery, 1893b: 137. Revived status as species: Emery, 1896c: 2. Senior synonym of costaricensis: Longino, 1992: 1594. See also: Longino, 2007: 52.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex cavernicola TRUE TRUE FALSEcavernicola. Brachymyrmex cavernicola Wheeler, W.M. 1938: 252 (w.m.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Brachymyrmex gagates TRUE TRUE FALSEgagates. Brachymyrmex gagates Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 206 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus abscisus TRUE TRUE FALSEabscisus. Camponotus abscisus Roger, 1863a: 151 (q.) MEXICO. Forel, 1885a: 341 (s.w.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1920b: 260.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus andrei TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
andrei. Camponotus andrei Forel, 1885a: 343 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154. Current subspecies: nominal plus cholericus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus auricomus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
auricomus. Camponotus auricomus Roger, 1862c: 283 (footnote) (w.q.) MEXICO. Forel, 1879a: 98 (m.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Subspecies of senex: Forel, 1879a: 97. Revived status as species: Forel, 1893g: 334; Dalla Torre, 1893: 222. Current subspecies: nominal plus lucianus, vincentensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cerberulus TRUE TRUE FALSEcerberulus. Camponotus (Colobopsis) cerberulus Emery, 1920c: 34 (q.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 214 (s.m.).
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus championi TRUE TRUE FALSEchampioni. Camponotus championi Forel, 1899c: 157, pl. 4, figs. 21, 22 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 165; in C. (Manniella): Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 210; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Creighton, 1951: 57.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cressoni TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
cressoni. Camponotus cressoni André, 1887: 282 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1912i: 90; in C. (Paracolobopsis): Emery, 1920b: 259; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 153; Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 207. Current subspecies: nominal plus purensis.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus cuauhtemoc TRUE TRUE FALSEcuauhtemoc. Camponotus (Myrmentoma) cuauhtemoc Snelling, R.R. 1988: 62, figs. 10-12, 22, 23 (s.w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus declivus TRUE TRUE FALSEdeclivus. Camponotus (Paracolobopsis) declivus Santschi, 1922c: 120 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fragilis TRUE TRUE FALSEfragilis. Camponotus fragilis Pergande, 1893: 26 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267. Subspecies of fumidus: Emery, 1895c: 336. Junior synonym of festinatus: Snelling, R.R. 1968b: 351. Revived from synonymy: Snelling, R.R. 2006: 89.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus frontalis TRUE TRUE FALSEfrontalis. Camponotus frontalis Pergande, 1896: 862 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmamblys): Forel, 1914a: 271; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 155.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus godmani TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
godmani. Camponotus godmani Forel, 1899c: 143 (w.q.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Current subspecies: nominal plus palliolatus.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus keiferi TRUE TRUE FALSEkeiferi. Camponotus (Camponotus) keiferi Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 137 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus maccooki TRUE TRUE FALSEmaccooki. Camponotus sylvaticus r. maccooki Forel, 1879a: 69 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 306 (s.). Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Wheeler, 1917a: 560; in C. (Camponotus): Emery, 1925b: 75; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Creighton, 1950a: 377. Subspecies of rubripes: Forel, 1886f: 143. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 241. Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, 1893i: 672; of sansabeanus: Emery, 1920b: 232 (footnote). Revived status as species: Creighton, 1950a: 377; Snelling, R.R. 1970: 396.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mathildeae TRUE TRUE FALSEmathildeae. Camponotus (Colobopsis) mathildeae Smith, M.R. 1949d: 178, figs. 1-3 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melinus TRUE TRUE FALSEmelinus. Camponotus (Myrmentoma) melinus Mackay, W.P., in Mackay, W.P & Mackay, E.E. 1997b: 326, figs. 1, 2, 7 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus mina TRUE TRUE FALSEmina. Camponotus mina Forel, 1879a: 83 (s.) MEXICO. Creighton, 1965b: 6 (w.q.m.). Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Subspecies of senex: Emery, 1896d: 377. Revived status as species: Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 346. Senior synonym of erythropus: Emery, 1895c: 336; of zuni: Creighton, 1965b: 3.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus nacerdus TRUE TRUE FALSEnacerdus. Camponotus (Formica) nacerdus Norton, 1868c: 2 (w.) MEXICO. [Formica nacerda Norton, 1868a: 60. Nomen nudum.] Subgenus indeterminate: Emery, 1925b: 172.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pellarius TRUE TRUE FALSEpellarius. Camponotus pellarius Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 60 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1920b: 260; in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 156.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus phytophilus TRUE TRUE FALSEphytophilus. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) phytophilus Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 207 (s.w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus piceatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpiceatus. Camponotus (Tapinoma) piceatus Norton, 1868c: 3 (s.) MEXICO. [Tapinoma piceata Norton, 1868a: 60. Nomen nudum.] Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 270. Subspecies of senex: Emery, 1896d: 377. Revived status as species: Forel, 1914a: 270.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus platytarsus TRUE TRUE FALSEplatytarsus. Camponotus platytarsus Roger, 1863a: 150 (q.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1920b: 256; in C. (Myrmoplatypus): Santschi, 1921f: 311.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pudorosus TRUE TRUE FALSEpudorosus. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) picipes var. pudorosus Emery, 1925b: 81 (s.w.q.m.) MEXICO. [First available use of Camponotus maculatus subsp. picipes var. pudorosus Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 57; unavailable name.] Raised to species: Snelling, R.R. 2006: 92.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus pullatus TRUE TRUE FALSEpullatus. Camponotus pullatus Mayr, 1866a: 484 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmothrix): Forel, 1914a: 269; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 84.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rectithorax TRUE TRUE FALSErectithorax. Camponotus montivagus r. rectithorax Forel, 1895a: 44 (w.) MEXICO. Replacement name for Camponotus nitida Norton, 1868c: 2. [Junior secondary homonym of Formica nitida Smith, F. 1859a: 138.] Combination in C. (Myrmentoma): Emery, 1925b: 118. Raised to species: Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 331.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rubrithorax TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
rubrithorax. Camponotus rubrithorax Forel, 1899c: 142 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Forel, 1914a: 271. Current subspecies: nominal plus nigrithorax.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus socorroensis TRUE TRUE FALSEsocorroensis. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) socorroensis Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 142 (s.w.m.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus tepicanus TRUE TRUE FALSEtepicanus. Camponotus tepicanus Pergnade, 1896: 865 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 267; in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 82.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rectangularis willowsi TRUE TRUE FALSEwillowsi. Camponotus (Myrmocladoecus) rectangularis var. willowsi Wheeler, W.M. 1933a: 63 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus fumidus toltecus TRUE TRUE FALSEtoltecus. Camponotus maculatus r. toltecus Forel, 1899c: 135 (s.w.q.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 81. Subspecies of picipes: Emery, 1920b: 233. Currently subspecies of fumidus: Emery, 1925b: 81.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus melanoticus flavopubens TRUE TRUE FALSEflavopubens. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) melanoticus subsp. flavopubens Emery, 1925b: 81 (w.) MEXICO. [First available use of Camponotus maculatus r. simillimus var. flavopubens Forel, 1901c: 135; unavailable name.]
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planatus esdras TRUE TRUE FALSEesdras. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) planatus var. esdras Forel, 1916: 458 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus andrei cholericus TRUE TRUE FALSEcholericus. Camponotus andrei var. cholericus Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 59 (s.w.m.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmaphaenus): Emery, 1925b: 154.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus linnaei comoedus TRUE TRUE FALSEcomoedus. Camponotus (Manniella) linnaei subsp. comoedus Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 213 (s.w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmeurynota): Kempf, 1972a: 49.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus planatus continentis TRUE TRUE FALSEcontinentis. Camponotus planatus var. continentis Forel, 1901e: 371 (in text) (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Myrmobrachys): Emery, 1925b: 164.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus rubrithorax nigrithorax TRUE TRUE FALSEnigrithorax. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) rubrithorax var. nigrithorax Stitz, 1937: 135 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus picipes pilosulus TRUE TRUE FALSEpilosulus. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) picipes var. pilosula Emery, 1925b: 81 (w.) MEXICO. [First available use of Camponotus maculatus r. picipes var. pilosula Forel, 1901c: 135; unavailable name.]
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes auriger TRUE TRUE FALSEauriger. Cephalotes auriger De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 615, fig. 288 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes bimaculatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbimaculatus. Cryptocerus bimaculatus Smith, F. 1860c: 77, pl. 4, fig. 4 (q.) MEXICO. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 136; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 563. Senior synonym of aztecus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 563.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes chacmul TRUE TRUE FALSEchacmul. Cephalotes chacmul Snelling, R.R. in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 611, figs. 286, 287 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes goniodontus TRUE TRUE FALSEgoniodontus. Cephalotes goniodontus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 307, figs. 132, 133 (s.w.) MEXICO. [Cephalotes goniodontus Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326. Nomen nudum.]
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes hirsutus TRUE TRUE FALSEhirsutus. Cephalotes hirsutus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 589, fig. 274 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes insularis TRUE TRUE FALSEinsularis. Cryptocerus pilosus subsp. insularis Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 140 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 128; in Zacryptocerus: Brandão, 1991: 386; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 583. Raised to species: Kempf, 1958a: 128.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes multispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEmultispinosus. Cryptocerus multispinosus Norton, 1868a: 72, pl. 2, fig. 11 (s.w.) MEXICO. Norton, 1868c: 9 (s.); De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 314 (q.m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus: Kempf, 1951: 224; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: Baroni Urbani, 1998: 326; De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 311. Senior synonym of gibbosus: Emery, 1892b: 167.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes pallidicephalus TRUE TRUE FALSEpallidicephalus. Cryptocerus pallidicephalus Smith, F. 1876d: 606, pl. 11, fig. 5 (q.) MEXICO. Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 708. Junior synonym of scutulatus: Kempf, 1963c: 438. Revived from synonymy and senior synonym of striativentris: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 708.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes scutulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEscutulatus. Cryptocerus scutulatus Smith, F. 1867: 524, pl. 26, fig. 3 (s.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1907a: 273 (s.w.m.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1952: 26; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 410. Senior synonym of angulosus (and its junior synonym jucundus): Emery, 1924d: 311; Kempf, 1958a: 110.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes toltecus TRUE TRUE FALSEtoltecus. Cephalotes toltecus De Andrade, in De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 579, figs. 269, 270 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Cephalotini Cephalotes wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Cryptocerus wheeleri Forel, 1901c: 126 (s.w.) MEXICO. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 578 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 157 (l.). Combination in Paracryptocerus (Harnedia): Kempf, 1958a: 132; in Zacryptocerus: Hespenheide, 1986: 395; in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 574.
Ecitoninae Cheliomyrmecini Cheliomyrmex morosus TRUE TRUE FALSEmorosus. Labidus morosus Smith, F. 1859b: 6 (m.) MEXICO. Combination in Eciton (Labidus): Mayr, 1886d: 441; in Cheliomyrmex: Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 318. Senior synonym of nortoni: Wheeler, W.M. 1921d: 324; of payarum: Borgmeier, 1955: 63. See also: Gotwald & Kupiec, 1975: 961.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster atra TRUE TRUE FALSEatra. Crematogaster atra Mayr, 1870b: 994 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134. See also: Longino, 2003a: 129.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster corvina TRUE TRUE FALSEcorvina. Crematogaster corvina Mayr, 1870b: 994 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 134; in C. (Neocrema): Santschi, 1933e: 114.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster dentinodis TRUE TRUE FALSEdentinodis. Crematogaster opaca var. dentinodis Forel, 1901c: 130 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Buren, 1968b: 93. Raised to species: Smith, M.R. 1958c: 126; Buren, 1968b: 93 (in key).
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster formosa TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
formosa. Crematogaster formosa Mayr, 1870b: 994 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135. Current subspecies: nominal plus aterrima.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster montezumia TRUE TRUE FALSEmontezumia. Crematogaster montezumia Smith, F. 1858b: 139, pl. 1, fig. 1 (nest) (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Physocrema): Forel, 1912f: 220; in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135; in C. (Neocrema): Santschi, 1922d: 244; Kempf, 1972a: 83. Senior synonym of sulcata: Forel, 1901h: 65; Kempf, 1968b: 386; of cristulata, functa, proletaria, ramulinida: Kempf, 1968b: 386. See also: Longino, 2003a: 91.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster opaca TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
opaca. Crematogaster opaca Mayr, 1870b: 992 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 141; in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166. Subspecies of lineolata: Emery, 1895c: 283; Wheeler, W.M. 1908e: 478; Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 44; Emery, 1922e: 141. Revived status as species: Wheeler, W.M. 1919g: 111; Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 139. Current subspecies: nominal plus cedrosensis.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster patei TRUE TRUE FALSEpatei. Crematogaster (Crematogaster) patei Buren, 1968b: 107 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster quadrispinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEquadrispinosa. Crematogaster quadrispinosa Roger, 1863a: 208 (q.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Eucrema): Emery, 1922e: 137.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster rossi TRUE TRUE FALSErossi. Crematogaster (Crematogaster) rossi Buren, 1968b: 111 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster saussurei TRUE TRUE FALSEsaussurei. Crematogaster saussurei Forel, 1899c: 86 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 141; in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster sumichrasti TRUE TRUE FALSEsumichrasti. Crematogaster sumichrasti Mayr, 1870b: 993 (w.) MEXICO. Forel, 1908b: 46 (q.m.). Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 136. Senior synonym of atitlanica, maya, surdior: Longino, 2003a: 114.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster formosa aterrima TRUE TRUE FALSEaterrima. Crematogaster formosa var. aterrima Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 234 (w.m.) MEXICO. Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 135.
Myrmicinae Crematogastrini Crematogaster opaca cedrosensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcedrosensis. Crematogaster lineolata subsp. cedrosensis Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 136 (w.) MEXICO. Currently subspecies of opaca: Enzmann, J. 1946c: 94.
Myrmicinae Attini Cyphomyrmex flavidus TRUE TRUE FALSEflavidus. Cyphomyrmex flavidus Pergande, 1896: 895 (w.) MEXICO. See also: Wheeler, W.M. 1907c: 726; Kempf, 1966: 172. Senior synonym of dentatus: Snelling & Longino, 1992: 485.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton mexicanum TRUE TRUE FALSE5 subspecies
mexicanum. Eciton mexicana Roger, 1863a: 205 (w.) MEXICO. Emery, 1894c: 178 (s.); Borgmeier, 1933a: 92 (q., as rogeri); Borgmeier, 1955: 252 (m.). Senior synonym of rogeri: Borgmeier, 1955: 250. Current subspecies: nominal plus argentinum, goianum, latidens, moralum, panamense.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton burchellii foreli TRUE TRUE FALSEforeli. Eciton foreli Mayr, 1886b: 116 (diagnosis in key) (s.w.) MEXICO. Borgmeier, 1936: 154 (q.). Junior synonym of burchellii: Emery, 1896g: 39. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of burchellii: Santschi, 1925d: 222; Borgmeier, 1936: 54. Senior synonym of viator: Borgmeier, 1936: 54. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 188.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton vagans angustatum TRUE TRUE FALSEangustatum. Eciton angustata Roger, 1863a: 204 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1912e: 207 (m.); Menozzi, 1931d: 188 (q.). Combination in E. (Holopone): Santschi, 1925b: 11. Subspecies of burchellii: Emery, 1900a: 185. Revived status as species: Emery, 1910b: 20. Junior synonym of vagans: Borgmeier, 1939: 405. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of vagans: Borgmeier, 1955: 229. Senior synonym of brunnea: Borgmeier, 1955: 229.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Ectatomma parasiticum TRUE TRUE FALSEparasiticum. Ectatomma parasiticum Feitosa & Fresnau, in Feitosa, Hora, et al. 2008: 49, figs. 1, 2 (q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Eurhopalothrix pilulifera TRUE TRUE FALSEpilulifera. Eurhopalothrix pilulifera Brown & Kempf, 1960: 208, fig. 38 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Dolichoderinae Leptomyrmecini Forelius keiferi TRUE TRUE FALSEkeiferi. Forelius foetidus subsp. keiferi Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 141 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Subspecies of mccooki: Shattuck, 1994: 94. Raised to species: Cuezzo, 2000: 246.
Formicinae Formicini Formica browni TRUE TRUE FALSEbrowni. Formica browni Francoeur, 1973: 229, figs. 398-404 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Formicini Formica incisa FALSE FALSE FALSEincisa. Formica incisa Smith, F. 1858b: 52 (q.) MEXICO. [Unresolved junior primary homonym of incisa Schenck, 1852: 63, above (Bolton, 1995b: 197).] Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Formica: Bolton, 1995b: 197.
Formicinae Formicini Formica pachucana TRUE TRUE FALSEpachucana. Formica pachucana Francoeur, 1973: 128, figs. 216-219 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Formicini Formica propatula TRUE TRUE FALSEpropatula. Formica propatula Francoeur, 1973: 101, figs. 150-165 (w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Formicini Formica pulla TRUE TRUE FALSEpulla. Formica pulla Francoeur, 1973: 80, figs. 107-113 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Formicini Formica retecta TRUE TRUE FALSEretecta. Formica retecta Francoeur, 1973: 245, figs. 405-408 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Formicini Formica subcyanea TRUE TRUE FALSEsubcyanea. Formica subcyanea Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 563 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. See also: Francoeur, 1973: 249.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys bufonis TRUE TRUE FALSEbufonis. Alfaria bufonis Mann, 1926: 101 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 227.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys interrupta TRUE TRUE FALSEinterrupta. Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys) interruptum Mayr, 1887: 543 (w.) no locality given ("ohne Vaterlandsangabe.....wohl jedenfalls aus Südamerika"). Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 228 (q., MEXICO). Combination in Gnamptogenys: Mann, 1922: 3. See also: Brown, 1958g: 303; Lattke, 1995: 171.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys regularis TRUE TRUE FALSEregularis. Gnamptogenys regularis Mayr, 1870b: 965 (w.q.) MEXICO. Combination in Ectatomma (Gnamptogenys): Mayr, 1887: 541; in Gnamptogenys: Mann, 1922: 3. Senior synonym of fiebrigi, splendidum: Brown, 1958g: 229. See also: Lattke, 1995: 181.
Ectatomminae Ectatommini Gnamptogenys strigata TRUE TRUE FALSEstrigata. Polyrhachis strigata Norton, 1868c: 4 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 450 (l.). Combination in Ectatomma (Holcoponera): Emery, 1892b: 167; in Holcoponera: Emery, 1911d: 41; in Gnamptogenys: Brown, 1958g: 229. Senior synonym of concentrica: Dalla Torre, 1893: 26; Emery, 1896g: 44 (in key); of simplex (and its junior synonyms foreli, satzgeri, spurium): Kempf & Brown, 1968: 90. See also: Lattke, 1995: 187.
Formicinae Lasiini Lasius escamole FALSE FALSE FALSEescamole. Lasius escamole Reza, 1925: 12, figs. 1-14 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Unidentifiable to genus; incertae sedis in Lasius: Wilson, 1955a: 192 (who comments that this is not a Lasius but its correct generic combination cannot be ascertained).
Formicinae Lasiini Lasius mexicanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanus. Lasius (Acanthomyops) interjectus subsp. mexicanus Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 55 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 648 (l.). Combination in Acanthomyops: Wing, 1968: 146; in Lasius: Ward, 2005: 13. Raised to species: Buren, 1950: 185.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys consanguinea TRUE TRUE FALSEconsanguinea. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) consanguinea Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 229 (w.m.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 455 (l.).
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys mexicana TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicana. Lobopelta mexicana Mayr, 1870b: 966 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Leptogenys: Forel, 1899c: 18.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys peninsularis TRUE TRUE FALSEpeninsularis. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) peninsularis Mann, 1926: 102 (w.) MEXICO.
Ponerinae Ponerini Leptogenys wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Leptogenys wheeleri Forel, 1901c: 123 (w.) MEXICO.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Liometopum apiculatum TRUE TRUE FALSEapiculatum. Liometopum apiculatum Mayr, 1870b: 961 (w.) MEXICO. Emery, 1895c: 331 (q.); Wheeler, W.M. 1905e: 324 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1951: 181 (l.). Senior synonym of masonium: Del Toro, et al. 2009: 316. See also: Shattuck, 1994: 128.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Megalomyrmex silvestrii TRUE TRUE FALSEsilvestrii. Megalomyrmex silvestrii Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 235 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in M. (Wheelerimyrmex): Mann, 1922: 29. Senior synonym of brasiliensis, langi, misionensis, sjostedti, wheeleri: Kempf & Brown, 1968: 97. See also: Brandão, 1990: 443.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Messor julianus TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
julianus. Aphaenogaster juliana Pergande, 1894: 164 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Stenamma (Messor): Emery, 1895c: 308; in Aphaenogaster (Messor): Forel, 1899c: 59; in Novomessor: Emery, 1915d: 73; in Novomessor (Veromessor): Forel, 1917: 235; in Veromessor: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 368; in Messor: Bolton, 1982: 341. Current subspecies: nominal plus clarior, manni. See also: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 368.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Messor julianus clarior TRUE TRUE FALSEclarior. Veromessor julianus subsp. clarior Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 370 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Messor: Bolton, 1995b: 253.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium compressum TRUE TRUE FALSEcompressum. Monomorium minimum subsp. compressum Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 43 (w.q.) MEXICO. Raised to species: DuBois, 1986: 93.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium cyaneum TRUE TRUE FALSEcyaneum. Monomorium minimum subsp. cyaneum Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 43 (w.q.) MEXICO. DuBois, 1986: 84 (m.). Raised to species: DuBois, 1981: 35. Senior synonym of emersoni: DuBois, 1986: 82.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium inquilinum TRUE TRUE FALSEinquilinum. Monomorium inquilinum DuBois, 1981: 34, fig. 2 (q.) MEXICO. See also: DuBois, 1986: 116.
Myrmicinae Solenopsidini Monomorium marjoriae TRUE TRUE FALSEmarjoriae. Monomorium marjoriae DuBois, 1986: 111, figs. 149-154 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Myrmecinini Myrmecina harrisoni TRUE TRUE FALSEharrisoni. Myrmecina harrisoni Brown, 1967c: 237, fig. 3 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus depilis TRUE TRUE FALSEdepilis. Myrmecocystus melliger var. depilis Forel, 1901c: 135 (w.) MEXICO. Snelling, R.R. 1976: 52 (q.m.). Raised to species: Snelling, in Hunt & Snelling, 1975: 22.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus intonsus TRUE TRUE FALSEintonsus. Myrmecocystus (Endiodioctes) intonsus Snelling, R.R. 1976: 30, figs. 70-72 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus melanoticus TRUE TRUE FALSEmelanoticus. Myrmecocystus mexicanus var. melanoticus Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 57 (w.m.) MEXICO. Raised to species: Snelling, R.R. 1976: 116.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus melliger TRUE TRUE FALSEmelliger. Myrmecocystus melliger Forel, 1886f: 201 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1912d: 174 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1968: 211 (l.). Senior synonym of comatus: Snelling, R.R. 1969a: 4. See also: Snelling, R.R. 1976: 31.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus melligera FALSE FALSE FALSEmelligera. Formica melligera Llave, 1832: 463 (w.) MEXICO. Unidentifiable taxon, possibly cognate with melliger; incertae sedis in Myrmecocystus: Bolton, 1995b: 275. See also: Snelling, R.R. 1976: 31.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus mexicanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanus. Myrmecocystus mexicanus Wesmael, 1838: 770 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1968: 213 (l.). Junior synonym of melliger: Forel, 1886f: 201; Mayr, 1886d: 424. Revived from synonymy: Wheeler, W.M. 1908d: 356. Senior synonym of hortusdeorum: Snelling, R.R. 1976: 120.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus nequazcatl TRUE TRUE FALSEnequazcatl. Myrmecocystus nequazcatl Snelling, R.R. 1976: 67, figs. 109-116, 162, 174, 186, 194 (w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus perimeces TRUE TRUE FALSEperimeces. Myrmecocystus perimeces Snelling, R.R. 1976: 106, figs. 234-240 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Lasiini Myrmecocystus placodops TRUE TRUE FALSEplacodops. Myrmecocystus melliger var. placodops Forel, 1908b: 70 (w.) MEXICO. Snelling, R.R. 1976: 42 (q.m.). Raised to species: Snelling, R.R. 1969a: 6.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista amicta TRUE TRUE FALSEamicta. Myrmelachista amicta Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 195 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista mexicana TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicana. Myrmelachista (Decamera) mexicana Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 200, fig. 4 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in M. (Hincksidris): Kempf, 1972a: 149. See also Longino, 2006a: 39.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista skwarrae TRUE TRUE FALSE2 subspecies
skwarrae. Myrmelachista skwarrae Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 192, fig. 2 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Current subspecies: nominal plus laeta, picea.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista skwarrae picea TRUE TRUE FALSEpicea. Myrmelachista skwarrae subsp. picea Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 194 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Myrmelachista skwarrae laeta TRUE TRUE FALSElaeta. Myrmelachista skwarrae subsp. laeta Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 195 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Myrmica mexicana TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicana. Myrmica mexicana Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 52 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Subspecies of scabrinodis: Cole, 1942: 368; Weber, 1950b: 206. Revived status as species: Gregg, 1961: 211.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta dilacerata TRUE TRUE FALSE1 subspecies
dilacerata. Glyptomyrmex dilaceratum Forel, 1885a: 365 (m.) MEXICO. Combination in Myrmicocrypta: Forel, 1899c: 38. Current subspecies: nominal plus cornuta.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta dilacerata cornuta TRUE TRUE FALSEcornuta. Myrmicocrypta dilacerata r. cornuta Forel, 1899c: 38 (m.) MEXICO.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex agilis TRUE TRUE FALSEagilis. Neivamyrmex agilis Borgmeier, 1953: 44 (w.) MEXICO. Material of the nomen nudum cocula referred here by Borgmeier, 1955: 406.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex andrei TRUE TRUE FALSEandrei. Eciton andrei Emery, 1901d: 53, fig. 6 (m.) MEXICO. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 19. Senior synonym of oslari: Borgmeier, 1953: 19. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 451.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex angulimandibulatus TRUE TRUE FALSEangulimandibulatus. Neivamyrmex angulimandibulatus Watkins, 1974: 309, figs. 1-8 (m.) MEXICO.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex chamelensis TRUE TRUE FALSEchamelensis. Neivamyrmex chamelensis Watkins, 1986: 361, figs. 1-11 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex cloosae TRUE TRUE FALSEcloosae. Eciton (Acamatus) cloosae Forel, 1912c: 48 (m.) MEXICO. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 637.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex cornutus TRUE TRUE FALSEcornutus. Neivamyrmex cornutus Watkins, 1975a: 92, figs. 1-4 (w.) MEXICO.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex crassiscapus TRUE TRUE FALSEcrassiscapus. Neivamyrmex crassiscapus Watkins, 1990: 348, figs. 1-8 (m.) MEXICO.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex diabolus TRUE TRUE FALSEdiabolus. Eciton (Acamatus) diabolus Forel, 1912c: 47 (m.) MEXICO. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 8. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 526.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex graciellae TRUE TRUE FALSEgraciellae. Eciton gracellae Mann, 1926: 97 (w.) MEXICO. Watkins & Coody, 1986: 257 (q.). Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 10 (spelling emended to graciellae). See also note in Borgmeier, 1955: 389.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex inflatus TRUE TRUE FALSEinflatus. Neivamyrmex inflatus Borgmeier, 1958: 205, figs. 6-8 (m.) MEXICO.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Eciton (Acamatus) manni Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 41 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 18. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 519.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex melanocephalus TRUE TRUE FALSEmelanocephalus. Eciton melanocephalum Emery, 1895c: 260 (footnote) (w.) MEXICO. Combination in E. (Neivamyrmex): Smith, M.R. 1942c: 549; in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 6. Senior synonym of xipe: Smith, M.R. 1942c: 549; Borgmeier, 1953: 19. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 385; Snelling, G.C. & Snelling, 2007: 479.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex rugulosus TRUE TRUE FALSErugulosus. Neivamyrmex rugulosus Borgmeier, 1953: 49 (w.) MEXICO. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 515; Snelling, G.C. & Snelling, 2007: 490.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex sumichrasti TRUE TRUE FALSEsumichrasti. Eciton sumichrasti Norton, 1868a: 62, pl. 2, fig. 7 (w.) MEXICO. Mann, 1926: 99 (q.). Combination in E. (Acamatus): Emery, 1894c: 182 (in text); in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1955: 491.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Neivamyrmex tristis TRUE TRUE FALSEtristis. Eciton spoliator r. triste Forel, 1901h: 48 (m.) MEXICO. Combination in Neivamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 9. Raised to species: Borgmeier, 1953: 9. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 650.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Nesomyrmex tonsuratus TRUE TRUE FALSEtonsuratus. Leptothorax (Nesomyrmex) tonsuratus Kempf, 1959c: 412, figs. 18, 19, 21 (q.) MEXICO. Kempf, 1975c: 364 (w.). Combination in Nesomyrmex: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Nomamyrmex esenbeckii mordax TRUE TRUE FALSEmordax. Eciton (Holopone) crassicorne subsp. mordax Santschi, 1929a: 415, figs. d, h (w.) MEXICO. Watkins, 1977a: 210 (m.). Combination in Nomamyrmex: Borgmeier, 1953: 13. Junior synonym of wilsoni: Borgmeier, 1955: 139. Revived from synonymy as subspecies of esenbeckii: Watkins, 1977a: 205.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia laevigata TRUE TRUE FALSElaevigata. Paratrechina laevigata Mackay, 1998b: 99, figs. 1-3 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia mexicana TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicana. Prenolepis mexicana Forel, 1899c: 126 (w.m.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 55 (q.). Combination in Pr. (Nylanderia): Forel, 1908b: 64; in Paratrechina (Nylanderia): Emery, 1925b: 222; in Nylanderia: Kempf, 1972a: 167; in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Nylanderia pearsei TRUE TRUE FALSEpearsei. Nylanderia pearsei Wheeler, W.M. 1938: 254 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Paratrechina: Brandão, 1991: 367; in Nylanderia: LaPolla, Brady & Shattuck, 2010a: 127.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Octostruma rugiferoides TRUE TRUE FALSErugiferoides. Octostruma rugiferoides Brown & Kempf, 1960: 200, fig. 20 (w.) MEXICO.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus laticeps TRUE TRUE FALSElaticeps. Odontomachus haematodus var. laticeps Roger, 1861a: 25 (w.) MEXICO. Subspecies of haematodus: Emery, 1890b: 44; Emery, 1911d: 115. Raised to species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 51; Kempf, 1972a: 172. Senior synonym of striativentris: Brown, 1976a: 104.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus opaciventris TRUE TRUE FALSEopaciventris. Odontomachus haematodus r. opaciventris Forel, 1899c: 21, pl. 1, fig. 14 (w.q.) MEXICO. Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 172; Brown, 1976a: 105.
Ponerinae Ponerini Odontomachus yucatecus TRUE TRUE FALSEyucatecus. Odontomachus yucatecus Brown, 1976a: 169 (w.) MEXICO.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla ferruginea TRUE TRUE FALSEferruginea. Ponera ferruginea Smith, F. 1858b: 100 (q.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 54 (l.); Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 319 (w.). Combination in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 47; in Trachymesopus: Brown, 1963: 7; in Mesoponera: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 54; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 305. Senior synonym of panamensis: Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 319.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla gilloglyi TRUE TRUE FALSEgilloglyi. Pachycondyla gilloglyi Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 347, figs. 44, 185, 469-475 (w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla lineaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSElineaticeps. Pachycondyla lineaticeps Mayr, 1866a: 502 (w.) MEXICO. Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 438 (q.m.). Combination in Neoponera: Emery, 1901a: 47; in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 306.
Ponerinae Ponerini Pachycondyla minuta TRUE TRUE FALSEminuta. Pachycondyla minuta Mackay & Mackay, 2010: 463, figs. 91, 97, 100, 181, 585 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole agricola TRUE TRUE FALSEagricola. Pheidole agricola Wilson, 2003: 556, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole albipes TRUE TRUE FALSEalbipes. Pheidole albipes Wilson, 2003: 367, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole arctos TRUE TRUE FALSEarctos. Pheidole arctos Wilson, 2003: 623, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ariel TRUE TRUE FALSEariel. Pheidole ariel Wilson, 2003: 169, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole azteca TRUE TRUE FALSEazteca. Pheidole azteca Wilson, 2003: 558, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bajaensis TRUE TRUE FALSEbajaensis. Pheidole bajaensis Wilson, 2003: 559, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bigote TRUE TRUE FALSEbigote. Pheidole bigote Longino, 2009: 13, fig. 1 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole bilimeki TRUE TRUE FALSEbilimeki. Pheidole bilimeki Mayr, 1870b: 985 (s.q.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of annectens, antoniensis, ares, cellarum, deplanata, insulana, johnsoni, venezuelana: Wilson, 2003: 378; of rectiluma: Longino, 2009: 16.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole branstetteri TRUE TRUE FALSEbranstetteri. Pheidole branstetteri Longino, 2009: 17, fig. 2 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole calens TRUE TRUE FALSEcalens. Pheidole carbonaria r. calens Forel, 1901c: 130 (s.w.) MEXICO. Subspecies of tepicana: Emery, 1922e: 106. Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 188. See also: Wilson, 2003: 563.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole centeotl TRUE TRUE FALSEcenteotl. Pheidole (Allopheidole) centeotl Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 46 (s.w.q.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 568.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole chalca TRUE TRUE FALSEchalca. Pheidole chalca Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 44 (s.w.q.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 396.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole chalcoides TRUE TRUE FALSEchalcoides. Pheidole chalcoides Wilson, 2003: 397, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole cielana TRUE TRUE FALSEcielana. Pheidole cielana Wilson, 2003: 275, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole confoedusta TRUE TRUE FALSEconfoedusta. Pheidole confoedusta Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 233 (s.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 278.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole coracina TRUE TRUE FALSEcoracina. Pheidole coracina Wilson, 2003: 151, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole delecta FALSE FALSE FALSEdelecta. Pheidole delecta Forel, 1899c: 67 (s.) MEXICO. Unidentifiable taxon, incertae sedis in Pheidole: Wilson, 2003: 779.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dumicola TRUE TRUE FALSEdumicola. Pheidole dumicola Wilson, 2003: 411, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole dwyeri TRUE TRUE FALSEdwyeri. Pheidole dwyeri Gregg, 1969: 97, fig. 2 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 541.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole erethizon TRUE TRUE FALSEerethizon. Pheidole erethizon Wilson, 2003: 154, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gangamon TRUE TRUE FALSEgangamon. Pheidole gangamon Wilson, 2003: 626, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole glomericeps TRUE TRUE FALSEglomericeps. Pheidole glomericeps Wilson, 2003: 429, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole granulata TRUE TRUE FALSEgranulata. Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) granulata Pergande, 1896: 890 (s.) MEXICO. Combination in Ceratopheidole: Emery, 1922e: 113; in Pheidole: Kempf, 1972a: 183. See also: Wilson, 2003: 542.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole guerrerana TRUE TRUE FALSEguerrerana. Pheidole guerrerana Wilson, 2003: 156, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hamtoni TRUE TRUE FALSEhamtoni. Pheidole hamtoni Wilson, 2003: 296, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole hirtula TRUE TRUE FALSEhirtula. Pheidole vasliti var. hirtula Forel, 1899c: 65 (s.w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, W.M. 1909b: 232 (q.). Raised to species and senior synonym of acolhua: Creighton, 1958: 211. See also: Wilson, 2003: 578.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole inermis TRUE TRUE FALSEinermis. Pheidole inermis Mayr, 1870b: 984 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 146.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole insipida TRUE TRUE FALSEinsipida. Pheidole kingi r. insipida Forel, 1899c: 76 (s.w.) MEXICO. Raised to species: Kempf, 1972a: 195.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole laevivertex TRUE TRUE FALSElaevivertex. Pheidole laevivertex Forel, 1901c: 131 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 312.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole lagunculinoda TRUE TRUE FALSElagunculinoda. Pheidole lagunculinoda Longino, 2009: 48, fig. 12 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole leoncortesi TRUE TRUE FALSEleoncortesi. Pheidole leoncortesi Longino, 2009: 49, fig. 13 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mackayi TRUE TRUE FALSEmackayi. Pheidole mackayi Wilson, 2003: 448, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Longino, 2009: 52.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole macrops TRUE TRUE FALSEmacrops. Pheidole macrops Wilson, 2003: 583, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole madrensis TRUE TRUE FALSEmadrensis. Pheidole madrensis Wilson, 2003: 321, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mixteca TRUE TRUE FALSEmixteca. Pheidole mixteca Wilson, 2003: 460, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole mooreorum TRUE TRUE FALSEmooreorum. Pheidole mooreorum Wilson, 2003: 209, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of fariasana: Longino, 2009: 56.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole morelosana TRUE TRUE FALSEmorelosana. Pheidole morelosana Wilson, 2003: 465, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole nubicola TRUE TRUE FALSEnubicola. Pheidole nubicola Wilson, 2003: 329, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole oaxacana TRUE TRUE FALSEoaxacana. Pheidole oaxacana Wilson, 2003: 476, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole obtusospinosa TRUE TRUE FALSEobtusospinosa. Pheidole obtusospinosa Pergande, 1896: 889 (s.) MEXICO. Junior synonym of subdentata Pergande: Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 50; hence first available replacement name for Pheidole subdentata Pergande, 1896: 888 [Junior secondary homonym of Oecophthora subdentata Mayr, 1853a: 145.]; designated by Bolton, 1995b: 326. See also: Wilson, 2003: 587.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole optiva TRUE TRUE FALSEoptiva. Pheidole optiva Forel, 1901c: 132 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 333.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole petrensis TRUE TRUE FALSEpetrensis. Pheidole petrensis Wilson, 2003: 337, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole phanigaster TRUE TRUE FALSEphanigaster. Pheidole phanigaster Longino, 2009: 61, fig. 17 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole pinicola TRUE TRUE FALSEpinicola. Pheidole pinicola Wilson, 2003: 158, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole polymorpha TRUE TRUE FALSEpolymorpha. Pheidole polymorpha Wilson, 2003: 592, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole potosiana TRUE TRUE FALSEpotosiana. Pheidole potosiana Wilson, 2003: 339, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Longino, 2009: 66.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole protensa TRUE TRUE FALSEprotensa. Pheidole protensa Wilson, 2003: 489, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole psilogaster TRUE TRUE FALSEpsilogaster. Pheidole psilogaster Wilson, 2003: 341, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Longino, 2009: 66.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole punctatissima TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctatissima. Pheidole punctatissima Mayr, 1870a: 400 (s.w.) MEXICO. Forel, 1908b: 52 (q.). Senior synonym of napaea: Brown, 1981: 525. See also: Wilson, 2003: 618; Longino & Cox, 2009: 37.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole purpurea TRUE TRUE FALSEpurpurea. Pheidole purpurea Longino, 2009: 67, fig. 19 (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole quercicola TRUE TRUE FALSEquercicola. Pheidole quercicola Wilson, 2003: 492, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole roushae TRUE TRUE FALSEroushae. Pheidole roushae Wilson, 2003: 344, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole sabina TRUE TRUE FALSEsabina. Pheidole sabina Wilson, 2003: 747, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole setsukoae TRUE TRUE FALSEsetsukoae. Pheidole setsukoae Wilson, 2003: 597, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole skwarrae TRUE TRUE FALSEskwarrae. Pheidole skwarrae Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 163 (s.w.q.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 349.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole spathicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEspathicornis. Pheidole spathicornis Wilson, 2003: 160, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole striaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEstriaticeps. Pheidole striaticeps Mayr, 1870b: 987 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 512.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tepicana TRUE TRUE FALSEtepicana. Pheidole tepicana Pergande, 1896: 878 (s.w.) MEXICO. Taber & Cokendolpher, 1988: 95 (k.). Senior synonym of carbonaria, rugifrons: Emery, 1901b: 119; of instabilis, kingi (and its junior synonym townsendi), torpescens: Creighton & Gregg, 1955: 24. See also: Wilson, 2003: 601.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tetroides TRUE TRUE FALSEtetroides. Pheidole tetroides Wilson, 2003: 352, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tillandsiarum TRUE TRUE FALSEtillandsiarum. Pheidole floridana subsp. tillandsiarum Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 166 (s.w.) MEXICO. Raised to species: Wilson, 2003: 525.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tisiphone TRUE TRUE FALSEtisiphone. Pheidole tisiphone Wheeler, W.M. 1911h: 203 (s.) MEXICO. Combination in P. (Elasmopheidole): Emery, 1915i: 190. See also: Wilson, 2003: 632.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tolteca TRUE TRUE FALSEtolteca. Pheidole tolteca Forel, 1901c: 133 (w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 357.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole torosa TRUE TRUE FALSEtorosa. Pheidole torosa Wilson, 2003: 603, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tragica TRUE TRUE FALSEtragica. Pheidole tragica Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 167 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 526.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole tuxtlasana TRUE TRUE FALSEtuxtlasana. Pheidole tuxtlasana Wilson, 2003: 622, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole ursus TRUE TRUE FALSEursus. Pheidole ursus Mayr, 1870b: 986 (s.w.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of cressoni, gracilinoda: Brown, 1981: 528. See also: Wilson, 2003: 773.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole xyston TRUE TRUE FALSExyston. Pheidole xyston Wilson, 2003: 535, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole yucatana TRUE TRUE FALSEyucatana. Pheidole yucatana Wilson, 2003: 608, figs. (s.w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex barbatus TRUE TRUE FALSEbarbatus. Myrmica barbata Smith, F. 1858b: 130 (q.) MEXICO. Mayr, 1870b: 971 (w.); Mayr, 1887: 610 (m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1900b: 20 (l.); Taber, Cokendolpher & Francke, 1988: 51 (k.). Combination in Pogonomyrmex: Mayr, 1868b: 170. Senior synonym of molefaciens: Mayr, 1886c: 365; Creighton, 1950a: 119; Cole, 1968: 56; of nigrescens: Cole, 1968: 56. See also: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1953a: 107; Petralia & Vinson, 1980: 381; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1353.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex humerotumidus TRUE TRUE FALSEhumerotumidus. Pogonomyrmex humerotumidus Vasquez-Bolanos & Mackay, 2004: 284 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex laevinodis TRUE TRUE FALSElaevinodis. Pogonomyrmex (Ephebomyrmex) laevinodis Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 110, fig. 20-22 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex snellingi TRUE TRUE FALSEsnellingi. Pogonomyrmex snellingi Taber, 1998: 169, fig. A4 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Myrmicini Pogonomyrmex wheeleri TRUE TRUE FALSEwheeleri. Pogonomyrmex wheeleri Olsen, 1934: 511, pl. 6, fig. 1 (w.) MEXICO. Snelling, R.R. 1982a: 106 (q.m.). See also: Cole, 1968: 81.
Formicinae Formicini Polyergus rufescens mexicanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanus. Polyergus rufescens r. mexicanus Forel, 1899c: 129 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis acuminata TRUE TRUE FALSEacuminata. Prenolepis acuminata Forel, 1911c: 309 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis imparis veracruzensis TRUE TRUE FALSEveracruzensis. Prenolepis imparis var. veracruzensis Wheeler, W.M. 1930b: 24 (w.) MEXICO.
Formicinae Plagiolepidini Prenolepis imparis colimana TRUE TRUE FALSEcolimana. Prenolepis imparis var. colimana Wheeler, W.M. 1930b: 24 (w.) MEXICO.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium mexicanum TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanum. Proceratium mexicanum De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 155, figs. 71-73 (w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Proceratiinae Proceratiini Proceratium tio TRUE TRUE FALSEtio. Proceratium tio Snelling & Cover, 1992: 50, fig. 1 (w.) MEXICO. See also: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 108.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex brunneus TRUE TRUE FALSEbrunneus. Pseudomyrma brunnea Smith, 1877b: 63 (w.) MEXICO. Emery, 1895c: 270 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 382 (l.). Combination in Leptalea: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 788; in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 382. Senior synonym of nigrita: Ward, 1985b: 231.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex championi TRUE TRUE FALSEchampioni. Pseudomyrma championi Forel, 1899c: 96 (w.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 382 (l.); Kempf, 1961a: 392 (q.). Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1956: 382. Senior synonym of leonhardi: Kempf, 1961a: 391.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex distinctus TRUE TRUE FALSEdistinctus. Pseudomyrma distincta Smith, F. 1877b: 63 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1967c: 5. Senior synonym of pulchella: Kempf, 1967c: 5.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus TRUE TRUE FALSEferrugineus. Pseudomyrma ferruginea Smith, F. 1877b: 64 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 218. Senior synonym of bequaerti Wheeler (and its junior synony bequaerti Enzmann), fulvescens, hondurana, saffordi Wheeler, vesana, wasmanni: Ward, 1989: 437. See also: Ward, 1993: 136.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex fervidus TRUE TRUE FALSEfervidus. Pseudomyrma fervida Smith, F. 1877b: 65 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 218.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex fortis TRUE TRUE FALSEfortis. Pseudomyrma sericea var. fortis Forel, 1899c: 89 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 223. Raised to species: Ward. 1999b: 520.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex hesperius TRUE TRUE FALSEhesperius. Pseudomyrmex hesperius Ward, 1993: 157, fig. 4 (w.) MEXICO.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex janzeni TRUE TRUE FALSEjanzeni. Pseudomyrmex janzeni Ward, 1993: 143, figs. 19, 29, 64, 70 (w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex major TRUE TRUE FALSEmajor. Pseudomyrma gracilis var. major Forel, 1899c: 91 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1958f: 434. Raised to species: Ward, 1993: 156 (in text).
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex mixtecus TRUE TRUE FALSEmixtecus. Pseudomyrmex mixtecus Ward, 1993: 144, figs. 15, 26, 55, 61, 69 (w.q.m.) MEXICO.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex perboscii TRUE TRUE FALSEperboscii. Myrmex perboscii Guérin-Méneville, 1844a: 428 (q.) MEXICO. Forel, 1899c: 86 (w.). Combination in Pseudomyrma: Smith, F. 1858b: 156; in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 222. Senior synonym of icterica, simoides, testacea: Ward, 1989: 442.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex salvini TRUE TRUE FALSEsalvini. Pseudomyrma salvini Forel, 1899c: 94, pl. 4, fig. 8 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1960a: 30.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex veneficus TRUE TRUE FALSEveneficus. Pseudomyrma belti subsp. venefica Wheeler, W.M. 1942: 162 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 216. Senior synonym of venifica Enzmann: Brown, 1949a: 42. Raised to species: Ward, 1989: 439. See also: Ward, 1993: 152.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica azteca TRUE TRUE FALSEazteca. Glamyromyrmex aztecus Kempf, 1960f: 444, figs. 22, 27, 28 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 171.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica dispalata TRUE TRUE FALSEdispalata. Pyramica dispalata Bolton, 2000: 213 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica probatrix TRUE TRUE FALSEprobatrix. Smithistruma probatrix Brown, 1964a: 186, pl. 16, fig. 3 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673. See also: Bolton, 2000: 212.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica rogata TRUE TRUE FALSErogata. Pyramica rogata Bolton, 2000: 175, figs. 129, 176, 177 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica tlaloc TRUE TRUE FALSEtlaloc. Pyramica tlaloc Bolton, 2000: 244, figs. 164, 195 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica turpis TRUE TRUE FALSEturpis. Pyramica turpis Bolton, 2000: 176 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Basicerotini Rhopalothrix stannardi TRUE TRUE FALSEstannardi. Rhopalothrix stannardi Brown & Kempf, 1960: 236, fig. 57 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria cuneola TRUE TRUE FALSEcuneola. Rogeria cuneola Kugler, C. 1994: 68, figs. 77-78, 103 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Rogeria innotabilis TRUE TRUE FALSEinnotabilis. Rogeria innotabilis Kugler, C. 1994: 51, figs. 55-57, 97-98 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Attini Sericomyrmex aztecus TRUE TRUE FALSEaztecus. Sericomyrmex aztecus Forel, 1885a: 363 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Stenammini Stenamma manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Stenamma manni Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 51 (w.q.) MEXICO. Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972b: 237 (l.). See also: Smith, M.R. 1962a: 35.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys boneti TRUE TRUE FALSEboneti. Strumigenys boneti Brown, 1959a: 103 (w.) MEXICO. See also: Bolton, 2000: 527.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys cordovensis TRUE TRUE FALSEcordovensis. Strumigenys cordovensis Mayr, 1887: 573 (w.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of mokensis: Bolton, 2000: 531. See also: Brown, 1958c: 218.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys eversa TRUE TRUE FALSEeversa. Strumigenys eversa Bolton, 2000: 514 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys manis TRUE TRUE FALSEmanis. Strumigenys manis Bolton, 2000: 542 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys xochipili TRUE TRUE FALSExochipili. Strumigenys xochipili Bolton, 2000: 561 (w.) MEXICO.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma ramulorum toltecum TRUE TRUE FALSEtoltecum. Tapinoma ramulorum subsp. toltecum Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 180 (w.) MEXICO.
Dolichoderinae Tapinomini Tapinoma ramulorum satullum TRUE TRUE FALSEsatullum. Tapinoma ramulorum var. satullum Wheeler, W.M. 1934g: 179 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax adustus TRUE TRUE FALSEadustus. Leptothorax (Myrafant) adustus Mackay, 2000: 309, figs. 31, 32, 35, 80, 81 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax aztecus TRUE TRUE FALSEaztecus. Macromischa azteca Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 8 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 425; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271. Senior synonym of maya: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 425.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax bicolor TRUE TRUE FALSEbicolor. Leptothorax (Myrafant) bicolor Mackay, 2000: 320, figs. 23, 25, 90, 91 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax brevispinosus TRUE TRUE FALSEbrevispinosus. Leptothorax (Myrafant) brevispinosus Mackay, 2000: 323, figs. 24, 95 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax goniops TRUE TRUE FALSEgoniops. Leptothorax goniops Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 445, figs. 65, 110 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax leucacanthus TRUE TRUE FALSEleucacanthus. Leptothorax leucacanthus Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 460, figs. 61, 103 (w.q.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax manni TRUE TRUE FALSEmanni. Leptothorax manni Wheeler, W.M. 1914b: 53 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in L. (Myrafant): Kempf, 1972a: 132; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.See also: Mackay, 2000: 361.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax mexicanus TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanus. Leptothorax (Myrafant) mexicanus Mackay, 2000: 369, figs. 26, 30, 133, 134 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax ocarinae TRUE TRUE FALSEocarinae. Leptothorax ocarinae Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 469, figs. 58, 131 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax peninsularis TRUE TRUE FALSEpeninsularis. Leptothorax (Goniothorax) peninsularis Wheeler, W.M. 1934f: 134 (q.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. See also: Mackay, 2000: 386.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax punctaticeps TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctaticeps. Leptothorax (Myrafant) punctaticeps Mackay, 2000: 388, figs. 38, 149 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax punctatissimus TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctatissimus. Leptothorax (Myrafant) punctatissimus Mackay, 2000: 390, figs. 40, 150 (w.q.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax punctithorax TRUE TRUE FALSEpunctithorax. Leptothorax (Myrafant) punctithorax Mackay, 2000: 392, figs. 31, 151, 152 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax rugithorax TRUE TRUE FALSErugithorax. Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugithorax Mackay, 2000: 397, figs. 22, 53, 158, 159 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax rugosus TRUE TRUE FALSErugosus. Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugosus Mackay, 2000: 399, figs. 18, 160 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax rugulosus TRUE TRUE FALSErugulosus. Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugulosus Mackay, 2000: 401, figs. 58, 60, 161, 162 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax skwarrae TRUE TRUE FALSEskwarrae. Macromischa skwarrae Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 10 (w.q.) MEXICO. Combination in Leptothorax: Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 503; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax striatulus TRUE TRUE FALSEstriatulus. Leptothorax striatulus Stitz, 1937: 133 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in L. (Myrafant): Kempf, 1972a: 132; in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272. See also: Mackay, 2000: 413.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Temnothorax tenuisculptus TRUE TRUE FALSEtenuisculptus. Leptothorax tenuisculptus Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 517, figs. 59, 99 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 272.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium azcatltontlium TRUE TRUE FALSEazcatltontlium. Tetramorium azcatltontlium Marques, et al. 2011: 118, figs. 1, 2 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium bicolorum TRUE TRUE FALSEbicolorum. Tetramorium bicolorum Vásquez-Bolaños, 2007: 94, figs. 2-5 (w.q.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium mexicanum TRUE TRUE FALSEmexicanum. Tetramorium mexicanum Bolton, 1979: 161, figs. 52-54 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium placidum TRUE TRUE FALSEplacidum. Tetramorium placidum Bolton, 1979: 162, fig. 46 (w.) MEXICO.
Myrmicinae Tetramoriini Tetramorium spinosum TRUE TRUE FALSEspinosum. Xiphomyrmex spinosus Pergande, 1896: 894 (w.) MEXICO. Cole, 1957c: 209 (m.); Taber & Cokendolpher, 1988: 95 (k.). Combination in Tetramorium: Bolton, 1979: 163. Senior synonym of insons, wheeleri: Bolton, 1979: 163. See also: Smith, M.R. 1938a: 127.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex carinatus TRUE TRUE FALSEcarinatus. Trachymyrmex carinatus Mackay & Mackay, 1997a: 44, figs. 1, 2 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. See also: Rabeling, Cover, et al. 2007: 8.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex saussurei TRUE TRUE FALSEsaussurei. Atta (Acromyrmex) tardigrada st. saussurei Forel, 1885a: 361 (w.) MEXICO. Combination in Atta (Trachymyrmex): Forel, 1893e: 601; in Trachymyrmex: Gallardo, 1916b: 242. Raised to species: Forel, 1893e: 601.
Myrmicinae Attini Trachymyrmex smithi TRUE TRUE FALSEsmithi. Trachymyrmex smithi Buren, 1944b: 5 (w.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of neomexicanus: Rabeling, Cover, et al. 2007: 20.
Myrmicinae Formicoxenini Xenomyrmex floridanus skwarrae TRUE TRUE FALSEskwarrae. Xenomyrmex stolli subsp. skwarrae Wheeler, W.M. 1931a: 137, fig. 2 (w.q.m.) MEXICO. Senior synonym of castus: Creighton, 1957c: 8. Currently subspecies of floridanus: Creighton, 1957c: 8.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus enigmaticus TRUE TRUE FALSEenigmaticus. Camponotus enigmaticus Mackay, Mackay & Mackay, 2004: 460, figs. 1-9 (s.w.) NICARAGUA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus claviscapus lehmanni TRUE TRUE FALSElehmanni. Camponotus claviscapus var. lehmanni Forel, 1911e: 294 (q.) NICARAGUA. Combination in C. (Pseudocolobopsis): Emery, 1925b: 157.
Ecitoninae Ecitonini Eciton jansoni TRUE TRUE FALSEjansoni. Eciton jansoni Forel, 1912c: 42 (m.) NICARAGUA. Senior synonym of velutatus: Borgmeier, 1953: 11. See also: Borgmeier, 1955: 270.
Myrmicinae Attini Myrmicocrypta godmani TRUE TRUE FALSEgodmani. Myrmicocrypta godmani Forel, 1899c: 39 (m.) NICARAGUA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole acamata TRUE TRUE FALSEacamata. Pheidole acamata Wilson, 2003: 258, figs. (s.w.) NICARAGUA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole gulo TRUE TRUE FALSEgulo. Pheidole gulo Wilson, 2003: 295, figs. (s.w.) NICARAGUA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole kukrana TRUE TRUE FALSEkukrana. Pheidole kukrana Wilson, 2003: 310, figs. (s.w.) NICARAGUA.
Myrmicinae Pheidolini Pheidole rectisentis TRUE TRUE FALSErectisentis. Pheidole rectisentis Wilson, 2003: 494, figs. (s.w.) NICARAGUA.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex flavicornis TRUE TRUE FALSEflavicornis. Pseudomyrma flavicornis Smith, F. 1877b: 67 (w.) NICARAGUA. Combination in Pseudomyrmex: Kempf, 1972a: 218. Senior synonym of belti, fellosa, obnubila: Ward, 1989: 438. See also: Ward, 1993: 141.
Pseudomyrmecinae Pseudomyrmecini Pseudomyrmex reconditus TRUE TRUE FALSEreconditus. Pseudomyrmex reconditus Ward, 1993: 160, fig. 8 (w.q.) NICARAGUA.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Pyramica excisa TRUE TRUE FALSEexcisa. Codiomyrmex excisus Weber, 1934a: 51, fig. 9 (w.) NICARAGUA. Combination in Borgmeierita: Brown, 1953g: 23; in Glamyromyrmex: Brandão, 1991: 344; in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1672. See also: Bolton, 2000: 173.
Myrmicinae Dacetini Strumigenys timicala TRUE TRUE FALSEtimicala.Strumigenys timicala Bolton, 2000: 560 (w.) NICARAGUA.
Formicinae Camponotini Camponotus TRUE TRUE FALSEExtant: 1,058 species, 495 subspecies
Fossil: 31 species
Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]
Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].
Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.
Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.
Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.
Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS
†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.
†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.
†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.
†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]
†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
†Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.
Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.
All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.
Taxonomic history
Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].
Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.
Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.
Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.
Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)
Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.
Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).
[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]
Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.
Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)
Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.
Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)
Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
Taxonomic history
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.
Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.
Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)
Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.
Taxonomic history
Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.
Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.
Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fernández, 2002: 51.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)
Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.
Taxonomic history
Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.
Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.
Taxonomic history
Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.
Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)
Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.
Taxonomic history
Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.
Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.
Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)
Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.
Taxonomic history
[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]
Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.
Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX
Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
[Juni