haarlovi. Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma) haarlovi Collingwood, 1961a: 58, figs. 4, 5 (w.m.) AFGHANISTAN.

kushanica. Cardiocondyla kushanica Pisarski, 1967: 386, figs. 16-22 (w.q.) AFGHANISTAN. See also: Radchenko, 1995b: 451; Seifert, 2003a: 239.

afghana. Oligomyrmex afghanus Pisarski, 1970: 311, figs. 10-23 (w.m.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 235.

afghanica. Crematogaster afghanica Pisarski, 1967: 389, figs. 23-25 (w.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166

hezaradjatica. Crematogaster hezaradjaticus Pisarski, 1967: 391, figs. 26-36 (w.m.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166

moqorensis. Crematogaster moqorensis Pisarski, 1967: 394, figs. 37-49 (w.m.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166

kabulica. Acantholepis kabulica Pisarski, 1967: 409, figs. 73-76 (w.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in Lepisiota: Bolton, 1995b: 227.

aphaenogasteroides. Messor aphaenogasteroides Pisarski, 1967: 381, figs. 10-15 (w.q.) AFGHANISTAN.

flavum. Monomorium (Monomorium) flavum Collingwood, 1961a: 62, fig. 6 (w.) AFGHANISTAN. Pisarski, 1967: 399 (q.).

lindbergi. Monomorium lindbergi Pisarski, 1967: 397, figs. 50, 51 (w.) AFGHANISTAN.

nengraharicum. Monomorium (Parholcomyrmex) nengraharicum Pisarski, 1970: 309, figs. 1-9 (w.q.) AFGHANISTAN.

afghanica. Myrmica afghanica Radchenko & Elmes, 2003b: 3, figs. 1-12 (w.q.) AFGHANISTAN. See also: Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 81.

jalalabadica. Solenopsis jalalabadica Pisarski, 1970: 314, figs. 24-40 (w.m.) AFGHANISTAN. Junior synonym of deserticola: Dlussky & Zabelin, 1985: 222. Revived from synonymy: Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 105.

knuti. Solenopsis orbula subsp. knuti Pisarski, 1967: 400, figs. 56-61 (w.q.) AFGHANISTAN. Raised to species: Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 105.

cornibrevis. Leptothorax cornibrevis Collingwood, 1961a: 63, fig. 8 (w.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.

pallidus. Leptothorax pallidus Collingwood, 1961a: 63, fig. 7 (w.) AFGHANISTAN. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.

exile. Tetramorium exile Csösz & Radchenko, in Csösz, Radchenko & Schulz, 2007: 22, figs. 39-42 (w.) AFGHANISTAN.

kabulistanicum. Tetramorium striativentre subsp. kabulistanicum Pisarski, 1967: 403, figs. 62-72 (w.q.m.) AFGHANISTAN. Raised to species: Radchenko, 1992b: 53.

epirotes. Stenamma (Aphaenogaster) epirotes Emery, 1895b: 72 (w.) ALBANIA. Müller, 1923: 50 (q.m.). Combination in Aphaenogaster: Emery, 1908c: 336; in Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma): Emery, 1921f: 58. Subspecies of obsidiana: Emery, 1908c: 336; Müller, 1921: 49; Finzi, 1930d: 312; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 50. Revived status as species: Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 53. See also: Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 108.

castanea. Crematogaster castaneus Smith, F. 1858b: 136, pl. 9, fig. 2 (w.q.) SOUTH AFRICA (not Albania). Combination in C. (Crematogaster): Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 830; in C. (Acrocoelia): Emery, 1922e: 145; in C. (Crematogaster): Bolton, 1995b: 166. Subspecies of tricolor: Forel, 1911f: 279; Santschi, 1913a: 412 (in key). Revived status as species: Emery, 1915g: 12; Arnold, 1920a: 488; Santschi, 1920d: 378. Senior synonym of decolor: Forel, 1907g: 80. Current subspecies: nominal plus adusta, analis, aquila, arborea, bruta, busschodtsi, durbanensis, ferruginea, hararica, insidiosa, inversa, mediorufa, museisapientiae, rufimembrum, rufonigra, simia, tricolor, ulugurensis, yambatensis.

ravasinii. Myrmica ravasinii Finzi, 1923: 2, fig. (w.) ALBANIA. Arakelian, 1989: 734 (q.m.). See also: Finzi, 1926: 112; Seifert, 2003b: 150; Radchenko, Elmes & Alicata, 2006: 519; Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 223.

pyrenaeicum. Tetramorium caespitum subsp. pyrenaeica Röszler, 1937: 198, fig. 6 (w.q.m.) ANDORRA. Raised to species: Röszler, 1951: 88. See also: Güsten, Schulz & Sanetra, 2006: 17.

Dolichoderinae as family: Emery, 1894g: 378 [Dolichoderidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Dolichoderidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1071 [Dolichoderidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 255 [Dolichoderidae].

Dolichoderinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 26 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 156; Forel, 1895b: 107 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Dolichoderini]; Emery, 1896e: 186; Forel, 1899c: 98; Bingham, 1903: 288; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142; Emery, 1913a: 2; Arnold, 1915: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 71; Wheeler, 1915g: 811 [Dolichoderides]; Arnold, 1915: 143; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178; Forel, 1917: 247; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Dolichoderini]; Bondroit, 1918: 86 [Dolichoderitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199; Borgmeier, 1923: 80; Karavaiev, 1936: 163; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 833; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.

Dolichoderinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.

Dolichoderinae as formicoid dolichoderomorph subfamily of Formicidae: Ward, 2007a: 556.

Tribes (extant) of Dolichoderinae: Bothriomyrmecini, Dolichoderini, Leptomyrmecini, Tapinomini.

Tribes (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Miomyrmecini, †Zherichiniini.

Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Dolichoderinae: †Alloiomma, †Asymphylomyrmex, †Elaeomyrmex, †Elaphrodites, †Eldermyrmex, †Emplastus, †Eotapinoma, †Eurymyrmex, †Kotshkorkia, †Leptomyrmula, †Miomyrmex, †Petraeomyrmex, †Proiridomyrmex, †Protazteca, †Zherichinius.

Forel, 1878: 364, 380 (diagnosis, genera); Dalla Torre, 1893: 156 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 771 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 186 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 869 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142 (diagnosis); Emery, 1913a: 2, 6 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 17 (Tapinomini diagnosis, genera key, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 144, (diagnosis); Gallardo, 1916a: 3 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 247 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 136 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 199, 687, 688 (diagnosis, tribe key, Tapinomini genera key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 29 (phylogeny); Pavan, 1955: 135 (gastral organs); Eisner, 1957: 453 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 246 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 118 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera & distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 61 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 401 (synoptic classification); Dazzini Valcurone & Fanfani, 1985: 1 (gastral glands); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Billen, 1987: 278 (abdominal glands); Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987: 1 (†fossil Leptomyrmecini); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 316 (phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Shattuck, 1992c: 20 (revision of subfamily, genera key); Shattuck, 1994: 3 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 22 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Shattuck, 1995: 217 (phylogeny, genera); Bolton, 1995a: 1038 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 10 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al., 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Brandão, Baroni Urbani, et al. 1999: 411 (phylogeny, genera); Chiotis, Jermiin & Crozier, 2000: 108 (phylogeny, genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 416 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 18, 80 (diagnosis, synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (tribes of Dolichoderinae); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 342 (phylogeny, tribe-rank classification).

André, 1882a: 127 (Europe & Algeria); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1895e: 460 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 288 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 102 (Russian Empire); Bondroit, 1910: 488 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 77 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 34 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 40 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 145 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178 (Britain); Gallardo, 1916a: 12 (Argentina); Emery, 1916b: 208 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 589 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 86 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1919b: 253 (Argentina genera); Soudek, 1922: 58 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 117 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 271 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 199 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 600 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 164 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 861 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 209 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 94 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 370 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 290 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 592 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 330 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 27 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 29 (New Zealand); Kusnezov, 1959: 40 (Neotropical genera); Gregg, 1963: 341 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 149 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Bernard, 1967: 246 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 90 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 123 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 170 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 546 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 32 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 28 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 420 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 80 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 314 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 242 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 55 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 152 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 2 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 147 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 70 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 115 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 331 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 359 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 161 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal); Kim & Kim, 1999: 18 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 26, 64 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 59 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 149 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 134 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 221 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 239 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 186 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 102 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 147 (North and Central Europe); Fisher, 2009: 51 (Malagasy genera); Terayama, 2009: 196 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 28 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 14 (Benelux); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 7 (Malagasy males key).

Formicinae as group name: Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae].

Formicinae as family: Smith, F. 1858b: 1 [Formicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1871a: 302 [Formicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae].

Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 54 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210; Emery, 1925b: 2; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 29; Kempf, 1972a: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; all subsequent authors.

Formicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102.

Tribes of Formicinae: Camponotini, Formicini, Gesomyrmecini, Gigantiopini, Lasiini, Melophorini, Myrmecorhynchini, Myrmoteratini, Notostigmatini, Oecophyllini, Plagiolepidini.

Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Camponotites, †Drymomyrmex, †Imhoffia, †Kyromyrma, †Leucotaphus, †Protrechina, †Zhangidris.

Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Formicinae: †Curtipalpulus, †Eoleptocerites, †Eurytarsites, †Fushuniformica, †Huaxiaformica, †Leptogasteritus, †Liaoformica, †Longiformica, †Magnogasterites, †Orbicapitia, †Ovalicapito, †Ovaligastrula, †Sinoformica, †Sinotenuicapito, †Wilsonia (unresolved junior homonym).

Mayr, 1862: 651 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 6 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 859 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896e: 187 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 (diagnosis); Forel, 1912i: 88 (tribes key); Forel, 1917: 248 (synoptic classification); Arnold, 1920a: 551 (diagnosis); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 210, 691 (diagnosis, tribes key); Emery, 1925b: 2 (diagnosis, tribe key, catalogue); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 127 (venation, phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 465 (proventriculus morphology); Hung & Brown, 1966: 198 (gastric apex, structure); Bernard, 1967: 267 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 120 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 41 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 169 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 62 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 402 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 173 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 (synoptic classification, genera keys); Agosti, 1991: 295 (genus group diagnoses); Shattuck, 1992b: 201 (phylogeny); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 42 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 11 (catalogue); Wenseleers, Schoeters, et al. 1998: 121 (cloacal gland); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 417 (diagnosis for impression fossils); Bolton, 2003: 20, 93 (diagnosis, synopsis); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny).

Mayr, 1855: 299 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 25 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 25 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 167 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 22 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 203 (Britain); André, 1882a: 126 (Europe & Algeria); Provancher, 1887: 225 (Canada); Cresson, 1887: 94 (U.S.A. genera); Nasonov, 1889: 50 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 8 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 62 (Belgium); Forel, 1892j: 220 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 308 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 100 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 7 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 481 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 560 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 80 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 35 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 45 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 216 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 590 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 17 (France & Belgium); Arnold, 1920a: 552 (South Africa); Kutter, 1920b: 134 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 61 (Czechoslovakia); Lomnicki, 1925a: 160 (Poland); Stärcke, 1926: 118, 146 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 273 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 205 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 172 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 90 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1936: 173 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 865 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 230 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 309 (U.S.A., males); Buren, 1944a: 292 (U.S.A., Iowa); Holgersen, 1943b: 173 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 599 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 181 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 355 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 31 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 42 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 447 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 160 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 104 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 268 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 17 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 26 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 266 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 329 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 104 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 126 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 126 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 183 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 548 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 88 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 85 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 32 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 436 (Malta); Prins, 1983: 8 (Southern Africa genera); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al., 1984: 106 (Belgium genera); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81 (Neotropical genera); Gösswald, 1985: 263 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 273 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 58 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 68 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 124 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 162 (Far Eastern Russia); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 10 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 49 (Bulgaria); Shattuck, 1992b: 199 (higher classification, phylogeny); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 150 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 76 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 125 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 332 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 361 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 166 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 21 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 25, 86 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 68 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 165 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 147 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 54 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 425 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 236 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 242 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 187 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 113 (U.S.A., Ohio); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 150 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 202 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 30 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 17 (Benelux).

Myrmicinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 169 [Myrmicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Myrmicae].

Myrmicinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 4 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 45 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 324 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1894g: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Myrmicidae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 383 [Myrmicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1951: 1058 [Myrmicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 222 [Myrmicidae].

Myrmicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 290, 299 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 33 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 738 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 17 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1874: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1878: 367 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Myrmicidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 28 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1891b: 11 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Myrmicidae]; Forel, 1893a: 163; Dalla Torre, 1893: 53; Emery, 1895j: 768 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Emery, 1896e: 179; Forel, 1899c: 30; Forel, 1902f: 520; Bingham, 1903: 105; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138; Emery, 1914a: 29; Wheeler, 1915g: 806 [Myrmicides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 40; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74; Arnold, 1916: 166; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Myrmicini]; Forel, 1917: 240 [subfamily spelled Myrmicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 14 [Myrmicitae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124; Emery, 1921f: 3; Karavaiev, 1934: 59; Clark, 1951: 16; Brown, 1954e: 28; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40; Brown, 1973b: 166; all subsequent authors.

Myrmicinae as formicoid subfamily of Formicidae: Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173.

Tribes of Myrmicinae: Adelomyrmecini, Ankylomyrmini, Attini, Basicerotini, Blepharidattini, Cataulacini, Cephalotini, Crematogastrini, Dacetini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Liomyrmecini, Melissotarsini, Meranoplini, Metaponini, Myrmecinini, Myrmicariini, Myrmicini, Paratopulini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Solenopsidini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini, Tetramoriini.

Genera (extant) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Diaphoromyrma, Tyrannomyrmex.

Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Afromyrma, †Attopsis, †Cephalomyrmex, †Electromyrmex, †Eocenidris, †Eomyrmex, †Fallomyrma, †Miosolenopsis, †Myrmecites, †Solenopsites.

Hong (2002) genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: †Brachytarsites, †Clavipetiola, †Fushunomyrmex, †Orbigastrula, †Quadrulicapito, †Quineangulicapito, †Sinomyrmex, †Sphaerogasterites, †Wumyrmex.

Mayr, 1865: 17 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 91 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 367 (diagnosis); Handlirsch, 1907: 872 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 53 (catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 768 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 179 (genera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 138 (diagnosis); Emery, 1912b: 101 (phylogeny); Emery, 1914a: 34 (phylogeny, tribe key); Arnold, 1916: 164 (diagnosis); Forel, 1917: 240 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 139 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 3 (diagnosis, tribes & genera key, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 124, 655 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 126 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 28 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 477 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 93 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 99 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 40 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 166 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 52 (larvae, review & synthesis); Kugler, C. 1978a: 413 (sting structure); Kugler, C. 1978b: 267 (pygidial glands); Kugler, C. 1979c: 117 (sting, evolution); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 393 (synoptic classification); Caetano, F.H. 1984: 257 (digestive tract, morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 167 (Dufour's gland); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 75 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1040 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 13 (catalogue); Hashimoto, 1996: 354 (phylogenetic position); Baroni Urbani, 2000: 480 (phylogeny); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 52, 182 (diagnosis, synopsis); Moreau, Bell, et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 556 (classification).

Mayr, 1855: 391 (Austria); Mayr, 1861: 29 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 79 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 171 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); Saunders, E. 1880: 213 (Britain); André, 1882c: 256 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 98 (U.S.A. genera); Provancher, 1887: 243 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 11 (Madagascar genera); Lameere, 1892: 66 (Belgium); Forel, 1902f: 520 (India & Sri Lanka genera); Bingham, 1903: 105 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 103 (Russian Empire); Wasmann, 1906: 13 (Luxemburg); Bondroit, 1910: 490 (Belgium); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 558 (North America genera); Stitz, 1914: 55 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 32 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 8 (Switzerland); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 74 (Britain); Arnold, 1916: 166, 170 (South Africa tribes, genera); Emery, 1916b: 112 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 90 (France & Belgium); Kutter, 1920b: 144 (Switzerland); Soudek, 1922: 20 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 84 (Netherlands); Karavaiev, 1927c: 256 (Ukraine); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 77 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 170 (Dominican Republic); Gallardo, 1932b: 91 (Argentina, tribes); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Menozzi, 1933b: 88 (Israel genera); Karavaiev, 1934: 60 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 829 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 63 (Germany); Kratochvíl, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 71 (Central Europe); Cole, 1942: 360 (U.S.A., Utah); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 291 (U.S.A., males); Holgersen, 1943b: 166 (Norway); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 543 (U.S.A. genera); Boven, 1947: 170 (Belgium); Creighton, 1950a: 83 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 15 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 25 (New Zealand); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands); Gregg, 1963: 288 (U.S.A., Colorado); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 92 (U.S.A., North Dakota); Collingwood, 1964: 94 (Britain); Bernard, 1967: 95 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 13 (Polynesia); Boven, 1970b: 9 (Netherlands); Kempf, 1972a: 263 (Neotropical, synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 325 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 70 (Chile); Tarbinsky, 1976: 19 (Kyrghyzstan); Boven, 1977: 69 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 31 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 524 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 75 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 36 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 20 (South Australia genera); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 423 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 76 (Neotropical genera); Verhaeghe, Deligne, et al. 1984: 112 (Belgium genera); Gösswald, 1985: 289 (Germany); Collingwood, 1985: 245 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 20 (U.S.A., Nevada); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 57 (Norway); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 265 (Balkans); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 89 (Far Eastern Russia); Ogata, 1991b: 61 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 1 (Japan); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 153 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 15 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 57 (China genera); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 327 (Far Eastern Russia); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 108 (Central Europe); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 43 (Britain); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Shattuck, 1999: 39, 122 (Australia genera, synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 37 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 69 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 55 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 424 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 58 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 244 (Neotropical genera and synopsis); Coovert, 2005: 32 (U.S.A., Ohio); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 110 (North and Central Europe); Terayama, 2009: 131 (Taiwan); Heterick, 2009: 36 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 46 (Benelux); Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2011: 8 (Vietnam genera).

Ponerinae as family: Smith, F. 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1858b: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1871a: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894g: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].

Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, F. 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877a: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881b: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892j: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893a: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895j: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899c: 2; Emery, 1901a: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134; Emery, 1911d: 2; Wheeler, 1915g: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.

Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette, Fisher, et al. 2006: 365; Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173; Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102; Ward, 2007a: 555.

Genera (extinct) incertae sedis in Ponerinae: †Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia.

Smith, F. 1858b: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses), Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895j: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (†fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911d: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, R.R. 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani, Bolton & Ward, 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi, Agosti & Carpenter, 1997: 20 (†Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette, Fisher et al. 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady, Schultz, et al. 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau, Bell et al. 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007a: 555 (classification).

Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (†Baltic Amber); André, 1874: 170 (Europe); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882b: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891b: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900c: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916b: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918b: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933b: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, M.R. 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, M.R. 1943f: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, M.R. 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972a: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim, Kim & Kim, 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001b: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csösz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Fernández, 2003d: 256 (Neotropical genera); Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux).

Tapinoma Foerster, 1850a: 43. Type-species: Tapinoma collina (junior synonym of Formica erratica), by monotypy.

Tapinoma in Formicinae: Mayr, 1855: 372 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 41 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 653 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 10 [Formicidae]; André, 1874: 168 [Formicidae]; André, 1881b: 63 [Formicidae].

Tapinoma in Dolichoderinae: Forel, 1878: 385 [Dolichoderidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454 [Dolichoderidae]; Forel, 1895b: 109 [Dolichoderidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 164; Emery, 1895j: 771; Forel, 1899c: 101; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 142.

Tapinoma in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 38; Arnold, 1915: 152; Forel, 1917: 248; Bondroit, 1918: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 690; subsequent authors except those below; then Jaffe, 1993: 9; Dubovikov, 2005a: 91 (implied); Ward, Brady, et al. 2010: 361.

Tapinoma in Dolichoderinae, Dolichoderini: Shattuck, 1992c: 146; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 91.

Micromyrma Dufour, 1857: 60. Type-species: Micromyrma pygmaea, by monotypy.

[Type-species not Formica erratica, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 167.]

Micromyrma as subgenus of Tapinoma: Menozzi, 1925a: 19; Santschi, 1928e: 472; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 192.

Micromyrma as junior synonym of Tapinoma: Mayr, 1863: 455; Forel, 1878: 385; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 454; Dalla Torre, 1893: 164; Emery, 1913a: 38; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 923; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 837; Shattuck, 1992c: 146; Shattuck, 1994: 140; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 91; Fisher & Bolton, 2007: 65.

Semonius Forel, 1910f: 21. Type-species: Semonius schultzei, by monotypy.

Semonius in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Emery, 1913a: 44; Arnold, 1915: 157; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 688; all subsequent authors.

Semonius as junior synonym of Tapinoma: Shattuck, 1992c: 146; Shattuck, 1994: 140; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 91; Fisher & Bolton, 2007: 66.

Pseudaphomomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53. Type-species: Aphomomyrmex emeryi, by original designation.

Pseudaphomomyrmex incertae sedis in Formicinae: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77.

Pseudaphomomyrmex in Formicinae, Myrmelachistini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.

Pseudaphomomyrmex in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 695; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 214; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258; Bolton, 2003: 106.

Pseudaphomomyrmex as junior synonym of Aphomomyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 44; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 721.

Pseudaphomomyrmex as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 214; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 1995b: 369; Bolton, 2003: 106.

Zatapinoma Wheeler, W.M. 1928a: 20. Type-species: Zatapinoma annandalei, by original designation.

Zatapinoma in Dolichoderinae, Tapinomini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 737; all subsequent authors.

Zatapinoma as junior synonym of Tapinoma: Shattuck, 1992c: 146; Shattuck, 1994: 140; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 91; Fisher & Bolton, 2007: 66.

Neoclystopsenella Kurian, 1955: 133. Type-species: Neoclystopsenella luffae, by monotypy.

Neoclystopsenella as junior synonym of Tapinoma: Brown, 1988a: 337; Shattuck, 1992c: 146; Shattuck, 1994: 140; Bolton, 1994: 26; Bolton, 2003: 91; Fisher & Bolton, 2007: 66.

Mayr, 1855: 372 (diagnosis); Smith, F. 1858b: 55 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 13, 14 (Tapinoma, Micromyrma catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 455 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 10 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 78 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 222 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 258 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 164 (catalogue); Bingham, 1903: 304 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1913a: 38 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1913a: 44 (Semonius diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 152, 157 (diagnosis, South Africa species key, Semonius diagnosis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 695 (Pseudaphomomyrmex diagnosis, in key). Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 923, 927 (Afrotropical Tapinoma, Semonius catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1034 (Malagasy catalogue); Emery, 1925d: 63 (Palaearctic species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 33 (Turkestan species key); Smith, M.R. 1928a: 311 (North America species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 79 (Czechoslovakia species key); Creighton, 1950a: 352 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 192, 196 (Asia Semonius, Tapinoma, Zatapinoma checklists); Bernard, 1967: 254 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Boven, 1970b: 24 (Netherlands species key); Kempf, 1972a: 246 (Neotropical catalogue); Tarbinsky, 1976: 118 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Kutter, 1977c: 178 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 547 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 87 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1421 (North America catalogue); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 421 (Malta species key); Gösswald, 1985: 317 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 106 (Australia catalogue); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 279 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 77 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 168 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 380 (Neotropical catalogue); Shattuck, 1992c: 146 (diagnosis, review of genus); Arakelian, 1994: 72 (Armenia species key); Shattuck, 1994: 140 (catalogue); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 399 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 116 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 360 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 165 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 40 (Britain species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 20 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 81 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 151 (China, Guangxi species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 135 (Poland species key); Seifert, 2007: 149 (North and Central Europe species key); Heterick, 2009: 58 (south-western Australia species key); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2011: 13 (Malagasy males).

Lasius Fabricius, 1804: 415. Type-species: Formica nigra, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 338.

[Lasius Jurine, 1801: 164 (Apidae), resurrected by Morice & Durrant, 1915: 421, later suppressed by Act of Commission.]

Lasius in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 49 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 42 [Formicidae].

Lasius in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 374 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 452 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1886f: 206; Dalla Torre, 1893: 181.

Lasius in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 103; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 127; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 120.

Lasius in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Carpenter, 1930: 58; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 201; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.

Lasius in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Emery, 1925b: 226; all subsequent authors except the entries above; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 22, 96.

Lasius as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Donisthorpe, 1916c: 276; Morice & Durrant, 1917: 442. Donisthorpe, 1927b: 206; Donisthorpe, 1937d: 132; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.

Lasius as junior synonym of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 61; Emery, 1916b: 239; Emery, 1917a: 96; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170; Bondroit, 1918: 19.

Lasius as genus: Fabricius, 1804: 415; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1925b: 226; Wilson, 1955a: 11; all subsequent authors.

Donisthorpea Morice & Durrant, 1915: 423. Type-species: Formica nigra, by original designation.

Donisthorpea in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.

Donisthorpea as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 229; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.

Donisthorpea as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Morice & Durrant, 1917: 442; Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209.

Donisthorpea as junior synonym of Lasius: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1925b: 226; Wilson, 1955a: 11. [Lasius and Donisthorpea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]

†Tylolasius Zhang, 1989: 295. Type-species: †Tylolasius inflatus, by original designation.

Acanthomyops Mayr, 1862: 652 (diagnosis in key), 699. Type-species: Formica clavigera, by monotypy.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae].

Acanthomyops in Camponotinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1917: 249.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258; Jaffe, 1993: 14.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384 (misspelled as Acanthomyrmex); Emery, 1925b: 236; all subsequent authors except for those above.

Acanthomyops as junior synonym of Lasius: Mayr, 1866b: 888; Dalla Torre, 1893: 181.

Acanthomyops as genus: Mayr, 1862: 699; Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618; Creighton, 1950a: 426; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 150; Wing, 1968: 47; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 94.

Acanthomyops as subgenus of Lasius: Emery, 1893i: 642; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 236; Buren, 1950: 188; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 852; Gregg, 1963: 453; Ward, 2005: 13.

Dendrolasius Ruzsky, 1912: 630 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica fuliginosa, by monotypy.

Dendrolasius as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 211; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.

Dendrolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Ruzsky, 1912: 630; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 235; Wilson, 1955a: 14; all subsequent authors except the following.

Chtonolasius Ruzsky, 1912: 630 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica umbrata, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1925b: 232.

[Chtonolasius also described as new by Ruzsky, 1914a: 59. The claim by some authors (e.g. Emery, 1916a: 11; Donisthorpe, 1941f: 37; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633) that Ruzsky nominated Lasius flavus as type-species is incorrect. Ruzsky (1912: 630) included those species "with the appearance of the yellow Lasius (Las. flavus D.G.) and its closely related species, and races (Las. carniolicus, Las. umbratus, Las. myops, Las. mixtus)". This is not a direct nomination of a type-species, nor is De Geer (= D.G.) the author of flavus: Bolton, 1995b: 24.]

Chthonolasius as junior synonym of Formicina: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1916a: 11.

Chthonolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Ruzsky, 1912: 630; Ruzsky, 1914a: 59; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 231; Wilson, 1955a: 13; all subsequent authors except the following.

Cautolasius Wilson, 1955a: 13 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica flava, by original designation.

Austrolasius Faber, 1967: 74 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Lasius carniolicus, by original designation.

Mayr, 1861: 49 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394, 425 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 74 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 179 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 46 (Switzerland species key); Forel, 1878: 374 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 191 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 236 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 64 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 181 (catalogue); Emery, 1893i: 637 (North America species key); Bingham, 1903: 339 (India species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 264 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 10 (Luxemburg species key); Bondroit, 1910: 484 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910e: 237 (North America L. umbratus forms, key); Stitz, 1914: 82 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 188 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 243 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 591 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1918: 19 (France & Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698 (subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 226 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 231 (L. (Chthonolasius) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 235 (L. (Dendrolasius) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 236 (L. (Acanthomyops) diagnosis, catalogue); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 186 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 277 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 206 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 602 (Russia species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 193 (Ukraine species key); Stärcke, 1937: 57 (Europe L. umbratus group, key); Menozzi, 1939a: 313 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 267 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 100 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 100 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 296 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Stärcke, 1944a: 157 (Europe L. niger group, key); Boven, 1947: 184 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 418 (North America Lasius species key); Creighton, 1950a: 428 (North America Acanthomyops species key); Buren, 1950: 188 (Acanthomyops queens, key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 201 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1955a: 13 (subgenera review); Wilson, 1955a: 26 (Nearctic Lasius species revision, key); Wilson, 1955a: 28 (Palaearctic species revision, key); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 177 (U.S.A., North Dakota Lasius species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 195 (U.S.A., North Dakota Acanthomyops species key); Gregg, 1963: 453 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Collingwood, 1963: 155 (Europe L. umbratus group species key); Collingwood, 1964: 107 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 349 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Wing, 1968: 53 (Acanthomyops diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bourne, 1973: 19 (Britain species key); Boven, 1970b: 28 (Netherlands species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 7 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 133 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 135 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 208 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 555 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 89 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 92 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1435 (North America Lasius catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1440 (North America Acanthomyops catalogue); Yamauchi, 1979: 147 (Japan species keys); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah Acanthomyops species key); Allred, 1982: 450 (U.S.A., Utah Lasius species key); Collingwood, 1982: 283 (Himalayan species key); Gösswald, 1985: 268 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 64 (U.S.A., Nevada Lasius species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 68 (U.S.A., Nevada Acanthomyops species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 70 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 281 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Seifert, 1988a: 143 (Europe L. (Chthonolasius) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1989: 781 (East Palaearctic L. (Dendrolasius) species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 158 (Turkmenistan species key); Seifert, 1990: 1 (supplement to European L. (Chthonolasius)); Agosti & Bolton, 1990b: 149 (characters); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 211 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 24 (Japan species key); Agosti, 1991: 295 (Lasius genus group diagnosis); Seifert, 1992b: 48 (Palaearctic L. (Lasius) species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 232 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 111 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Radchenko, 1994b: 114 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 53 (Acanthomyops catalogue); Bolton, 1995b: 221 (Lasius catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 361 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 153 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 179 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 42 (Britain species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 22 (Portugal species key); Zhou, 2001b: 187 (China, Guangxi species key); Blacker & Collingwood, 2002: 44 (British species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 154 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 237 (U.S.A., New Mexico Acanthomyops species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 331 (U.S.A., New Mexico Lasius species key); Radchenko, 2005a: 93 (East Palaearctic L. (Dendrolasius) species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 190 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 159 (North and Central Europe species key); Terayama, 2009: 207 (Taiwan species key).

Lepisiota Santschi, 1926a: 15 [as subgenus of Acantholepis]. Type-species: Plagiolepis rothneyi, by original designation.

[Lepisiota first available replacement name for Acantholepis Mayr, 1861 (junior homonym of Acantholepis Kroyer, 1846: 98 (Pisces)), hence valid name of genus: Bolton, 1995b: 33.]

[Lepisiota incorrectly as junior synonym of Acanthomyrmex: Brown, 1973b: 181; Snelling, R.R. 1981: 397. In both publications Acanthomyrmex is an error for Acantholepis.]

Baroniurbania Pagliano & Scaramozzino, 1990: 4. Unnecessary replacement name for Acantholepis Mayr (junior homonym).

Baroniurbania as junior synonym of Lepisiota: Bolton, 1994: 51; Bolton, 2003: 102.

Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 9 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 378 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 210 (Europe & Algeria species key); Forel, 1892a: 41 (all species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 (catalogue); Forel, 1894c: 411 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 315 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Arnold, 1920a: 554 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 214, 934, 1036 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 23 (diagnosis, catalogue); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929c: 480 (Turkestan species key); Finzi, 1936: 188 (Egypt species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 209 (Asia checklist); Collingwood, 1985: 292 (Saudi Arabia species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 281 (Balkans species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 205 (Bulgaria species key); Xu, 1994c: 232 (China species key); Arakelian, 1994: 80 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 51 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 226 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 128 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 363 (Saudi Arabia species key); Zhou, 2001b: 167 (China, Guangxi species key).

Acantholepis Mayr, 1861: 42. Type-species: Hypoclinea frauenfeldi, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

[Junior homonym of Acantholepis Kroyer, 1846: 98 (Pisces)].

Acantholepis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 42 [Formicinae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 9 [Formicidae].

Acantholepis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 378 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 453 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.

Acantholepis in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Forel, 1886f: 212; Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 771; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 88; Forel, 1917: 249; Arnold, 1920a: 554.

Acantholepis in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 23; Santschi, 1926a: 15; all subsequent authors except the following.

Acantholepis in Formicinae, Pseudolasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.

[Achantilepis Santschi, 1935b: 274, incorrect subsequent spelling.]

[Pseudacantholepis Bernard, 1953b: 256 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Acantholepis]. Unavailable name. Proposed without designation of type-species and therefore unavailable. Species included by Bernard (1953) are all referable to Lepisiota: Bolton, 1995b: 44.]

Plagiolepis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 42 [Formicinae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 36 [Formicidae].

Plagiolepis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 378 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 453 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 172.

Plagiolepis in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Forel, 1886f: 212; Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 771; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 88; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 100; Forel, 1917: 249; Arnold, 1920a: 578.

Plagiolepis in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 19; Santschi, 1926a: 14; all subsequent authors except the one below; Bolton, 2003: 23, 105.

†Rhopalomyrmex Mayr, 1868c: 41. Type-species: †Rhopalomyrmex pygmaeus, by monotypy.

†Rhopalomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 376 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 175.

†Rhopalomyrmex in Camponotinae, Plagiolepidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 103.

†Rhopalomyrmex in Formicinae, Plagiolepidini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 724; Bolton, 1994: 51.

†Rhopalomyrmex as junior synonym of Plagiolepis: Dlussky, 1997: 624; Bolton, 2003: 105.

Anacantholepis Santschi, 1914e: 36 [as subgenus of Plagiolepis]. Type-species: Plagiolepis (Anacantholepis) decora, by original designation.

Anacantholepis as subgenus of Plagiolepis: Santschi, 1914e: 36 Forel, 1917: 249; Arnold, 1922: 581; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 696; Emery, 1925b: 22; Bolton, 1994: 51.

Anacantholepis as junior synonym of Plagiolepis: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Bolton, 2003: 105, 268.

Aporomyrmex Faber, 1969: 52. Type-species: Aporomyrmex ampeloni, by original designation.

Aporomyrmex as junior synonym of Plagiolepis: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 51; all subsequent authors.

Paraplagiolepis Faber, 1969: 65 [as subgenus of Plagiolepis]. Type-species: Plagiolepis xene, by monotypy.

Paraplagiolepis as junior synonym of Plagiolepis: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1994: 51; all subsequent authors.

Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 442 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 7 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 73 (diagnosis); Forel, 1878: 376, 378 (†Rhopalomyrmex, Plagiolepis diagnoses); André, 1882b: 208 (Europe & Algeria species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 172, 175 (Plagiolepis, †Rhopalomyrmex, catalogue); Forel, 1894c: 414 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 320 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Arnold, 1920a: 578 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Arnold, 1922: 579 (South Africa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 211, 696, 928, 1035 (diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 19 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 22 (P. (Anacantholepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Stitz, 1939: 231 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 98 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 98 (Central Europe species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 212, 213 (Asia Anacantholepis, Plagiolepis checklists); Bernard, 1967: 272 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 205 (Neotropical catalogue); Kutter, 1977c: 185 (Switzerland species key); Collingwood, 1978: 89 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1422 (North America, catalogue); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 297 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 130 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 55 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 280 (Balkans species key); Radchenko, 1989b: 153 (European former U.S.S.R. species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 161 (Turkmenistan species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1991: 16 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 201 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 78 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 51 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 334 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 130 (China species key); Radchenko, 1996a: 178 (Central & Southern Palaearctic species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 362 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 178 (Central Europe species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 22 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 106 (Australia synopsis); Seifert, 2007: 158 (North and Central Europe species key); Terayama, 2009: 213 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 106 (south-western Australia species key); Dlussky, 2010: 72 (Eocene European amber species key).

Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.

[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]

Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].

Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.

Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.

Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.

†Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: †Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.

†Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family †Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.

†Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.

†Paleosminthurus in †Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.

†Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]

†Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: †Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.

All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.

Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.

Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].

Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].

Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.

Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.

Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.

Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.

Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).

[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]

Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.

Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.

Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.

Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.

Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.

Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.

Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]

Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.

Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.

Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.

Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.

Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.

Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.

Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.

Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.

Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.

Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.

Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.

Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.

Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.

Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.

Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.

Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.

[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]

Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.

Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.

Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.

[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]

Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.

Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]

Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.

Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.

Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]

Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.

Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.

[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]

Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.

Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.

Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.

Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.

Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.

Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.

Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.

Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]

Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.

Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]

Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.

Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]

Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.

Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.

Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.

Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]

Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.

Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.

Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.

Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.

Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.

Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.

Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.

Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.

Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.

Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.

Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.

Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.

Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.

Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.

Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.

Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.

Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.

Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.

Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.

Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.

Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.

Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).

Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.

Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.

Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.

Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.

Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.

Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.

Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.

Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.

Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.

Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.

Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.

Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.

[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]

Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.

Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.

Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.

Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.

Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.

Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.

Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.

Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.

Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.

Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.

Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.

Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.

Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.

Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.

Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.

Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.

Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.

Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.

Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.

Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.

Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.

Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.

Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.

Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.

Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.

Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.

Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.

Myrmopalpella Stärcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.

Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.

Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (†Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); André, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); André, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); André, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, R.R. 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); Mackay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); Mackay & Mackay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, R.R. 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fernández, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American “Carpenter Ants” key); Snelling, R.R. 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); Mackay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 60 (south-western Australia species key); Ionescu-Hirsch, 2009: 59 (Israel species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).

Cataglyphis Foerster, 1850b: 493. Type-species: Cataglyphis fairmairei (junior synonym of Formica bicolor), by monotypy.

Cataglyphis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 44 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 653 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae].

Cataglyphis in Camponotinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Forel, 1917: 250.

Cataglyphis in Formicinae, Formicini: Bondroit, 1918: 38; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 261; Agosti, 1994a: 93; Bolton, 1994: 50; all subsequent authors.

Cataglyphis as junior synonym of Myrmecocystus: Forel, 1878: 372; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 165; Forel, 1886f: 201; Mayr, 1886d: 424; Dalla Torre, 1893: 216; Bingham, 1903: 312; Ruzsky, 1905b: 426; Emery, 1906d: 47; Emery, 1908g: 213; Karavaiev, 1924: 301.

Cataglyphis as genus: Foerster, 1850b: 493; Roger, 1863b: 12; Mayr, 1863: 402; Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 78; Emery, 1925b: 261; all subsequent authors.

Monocombus as junior synonym of Myrmecocystus: Forel, 1878: 372; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; André, 1882b: 165; Mayr, 1886d: 424; Dalla Torre, 1893: 216.

Monocombus as junior synonym of Cataglyphis: Mayr, 1861: 44; Roger, 1863b: 12; Mayr, 1863: 402; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 944; Emery, 1925b: 261; Agosti, 1990b: 1462; Agosti, 1994a: 103.

Paraformica Forel, 1915b: 95 (footnote) [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica (Paraformica) emmae, by monotypy.

Paraformica in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 260.

Paraformica as subgenus of Formica: Forel, 1915b: 95; Forel, 1917: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699.

Paraformica as subgenus of Cataglyphis: Santschi, 1925g: 353; Santschi, 1929b: 30.

Paraformica as junior synonym of Cataglyphis: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Agosti, 1990b: 1462; Agosti, 1994a: 103.

Machaeromyrma Forel, 1916: 441 [as subgenus of Cataglyphis]. Type-species: Formica bombycina, by original designation.

Machaeromyrma as subgenus of Cataglyphis: Forel, 1916: 441; Forel, 1917: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 266; Santschi, 1929b: 30; subsequent authors to the following.

Machaeromyrma as junior synonym of Cataglyphis: Baroni Urbani, 1969d: 218; Agosti, 1994a: 103.

Eomonocombus Arnol'di, 1968: 1815 [as subgenus of Cataglyphis]. Type-species: Myrmecocystus cinnamomeus, by original designation.

Eomonocombus as junior synonym of Cataglyphis: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Agosti, 1990b: 1462; Agosti, 1994a: 103.

Mayr, 1861: 44 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 12 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 402 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 181 (Europe species key); Forel, 1878: 372 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 166 (Europe & Algeria species key); Nasonov, 1889: 60 (Russia species key); Bingham, 1903: 312 (diagnosis); Ruzsky, 1905b: 426 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1906d: 60 (Palaearctic species (as Myrmecocystus), key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 945 (Afrotropical catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 260 (Paraformica diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 261 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 266 (C. (Machaeromyrma) diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1929b: 56 (all species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 86 (Israel species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 108 (Central Europe species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197, 203 (Asia checklist); Bernard, 1967: 280 (diagnosis); Tarbinsky, 1976: 197 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 554 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 92 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 284 (Balkans species key); Collingwood, 1985: 284 (Saudi Arabia species key); Agosti, 1990b: 1457 (review of genus, diagnosis, species groups key, catalogue); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 146 (Turkmenistan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 292 (Bulgaria species key); Agosti, 1994a: 103 (diagnosis, review of genus); Arakelian, 1994: 103 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 135 (catalogue); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 375 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 179 (Central Europe species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 28 (Portugal species key); Radchenko, 1998: 502 (Asia species key); Radchenko, 2001: 885 (phylogeny); Chang & He, 2002b: 62 (northwest China species key); Bolton, 2003: 126 (synopsis); Seifert, 2007: 159 (North and Central Europe species key).

Formica Linnaeus, 1758: 579. Type-species: Formica rufa, by subsequent designation of Curtis, 1839: 752.

Formica in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 45 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 653 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 47 [Formicidae].

Formica in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 373 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 450 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 192.

Formica in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 127; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 120; Forel, 1917: 250.

Formica in Formicinae, Formicini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 241; all subsequent authors except the following.

Formicina Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 172. Type-species: Formica rufa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164.

[Type-species not Formica flava, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1916a: 61 (footnote); repeated by Emery, 1916b: 239 and Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170.]

Formicina as genus: Emery, 1916a: 61; Emery, 1916b: 239; Forel, 1917: 249; Bondroit, 1918: 19.

Formicina as junior synonym of Lasius: Emery, 1925b: 226; Brown, 1973b: 180.

Formicina as junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 646; Agosti, 1994a: 106; Bolton, 1994: 50. [Formica and Formicina share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Neoformica Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica pallidefulva, by original designation.

Neoformica as subgenus of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82; Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 388 (in key); Forel, 1917: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 244; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 673; Creighton, 1950a: 543.

Neoformica as junior synonym of Formica: Buren, 1968a: 39; Agosti, 1994a: 107.

Raptiformica Forel, 1913i: 361 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica sanguinea, by original designation.

Raptiformica as subgenus of Formica: Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1925b: 258; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 723; Creighton, 1950a: 460.

Raptiformica as junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (footnote); Smith, M.R. 1951a: 860; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448; Agosti, 1994a: 107.

Serviformica Forel, 1913i: 361 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica fusca, by original designation.

Serviformica as subgenus of Formica: Forel, 1913i: 361; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1925b: 245; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 725.

Serviformica as junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (footnote); Smith, M.R. 1951a: 860; Francoeur, 1973: 34; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448; Agosti, 1994a: 106.

Coptoformica Müller, 1923: 146 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica exsecta, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1941f: 37.

Coptoformica as junior synonym of Formica: Smith, M.R. 1951a: 860; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448; Agosti, 1994a: 107.

Adformica Lomnicki, 1925a: 164 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica exsecta, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1927b: 316.

Adformica as junior synonym of Coptoformica: Stitz, 1939: 306; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 620 [Adformica and Coptoformica share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Iberoformica Tinaut, 1990a: 282 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica subrufa, by original designation.

Mayr, 1855: 300 (diagnosis, Austria species key); Smith, F. 1858b: 1 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 46 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 12 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 410 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 182 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 51 (Switzerland species key); Forel, 1878: 373 (diagnosis); André, 1882b: 176 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 232 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 61 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 192 (catalogue); Emery, 1893i: 643 (North America species key); Forel, 1894c: 402 (India species key); Bingham, 1903: 334 (India species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 318 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 8 (Luxemburg species key); Emery, 1909b: 180 (Palaearctic species key); Bondroit, 1910: 482 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 387 (subgenera, species groups, all species keys); Stitz, 1914: 88 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 244 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 257 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 594 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1917a: 174 (France F. rufa group, key); Bondroit, 1918: 41 (France & Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699 (subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 241 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 244 (F. (Neoformica) diagnosis, catalogue; Emery, 1925b: 245 (F. (Serviformica) diagnosis, catalogue; Emery, 1925b: 251 (F. (Formica) diagnosis, catalogue; Emery, 1925b: 258 (F. (Raptiformica) diagnosis, catalogue; Lomnicki, 1925a: 171 (Poland species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1926b: 93 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 282 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 284 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 603 (Russia species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 220 (Ukraine species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 321 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 306 (Germany species key); Creighton, 1940a: 1 (North America F. rufa subspecies key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 103 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 103 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 375 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 175 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 200 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 299 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 187 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 456 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197 (Asia checklist); Yarrow, 1954a: 229 (Britain F. fusca group); Yarrow, 1955a: 29 (Britain F. rufa group, key); Wilson & Brown, 1955: 108 (F. sanguinea & F. neogagates groups, synopsis); Boven, 1959: 12 (Netherlands species key); Betrem, 1960b: 75 (F. rufa group, key); Gregg, 1963: 498 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 205 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Cotti, 1963: 1 (F. rufa group, bibliography 1930-61); Dlussky, 1964: 1026 (former U.S.S.R. F. (Coptoformica) species key); Collingwood, 1964: 109 (Britain species key); Brown, 1965d: 181 (F. integra subgroup); Dlussky, 1965a: 15 (Mongolia and Tibet species key); Dlussky, 1967a: 39 (Palaearctic species key); Dlussky, 1967b: 80 (†Baltic Amber species key); Bernard, 1967: 285 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Buren, 1968a: 36 (Nearctic F. sanguinea group species key); Boven, 1970b: 34 (Netherlands species key); Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 145 (Poland species key); Francoeur, 1973: 272 (Nearctic F. fusca group, revision, key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 6 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 177 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 236 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 552 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 93 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 112 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1448 (North America catalogue); Douwes, 1979: 187 (F. rufa group systematics); Kupyanskaya, 1980: 95 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Allred, 1982: 446 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Kupyanskaya, 1984: 103 (Far Eastern Russia F. truncorum complex, key); Snelling & Buren, 1985: 71 (Nearctic F. sanguinea group, key); Gösswald, 1985: 274 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 76 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 74 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 285 (Balkans species key); Gösswald, 1989: 49 (F. rufa group taxonomy); Agosti & Bolton, 1990b: 149 (characters); Wu, J. 1990: 4 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 138 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 174 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 31 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 255 (Bulgaria species key); Agosti, 1994a: 106 (diagnosis, review of genus); Radchenko, 1994b: 112 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 89 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1049 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 190 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 94 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 353 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 138 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 201 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 41 (Britain species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 25 (Portugal species key); Tinaut, A. & Martínez-Ibánez, 1998: 36 (Iberian Peninsula F. rufa, F. sanguinea & F. exsecta groups, key); Seifert, 2000a: 563 (Palaearctic F. (Coptoformica) species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 148 (Poland species key); Chang & He, 2002a: 51 (northwest China species key); Seifert, 2002b: 267 (F. cinerea group revision key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 277 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 127 (synopsis); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 176 (North and Central Europe species key); Trager, MacGown & Trager, 2007: 627 (F. pallidefulva group key); Dlussky, 2008a: 57 (Europe Eocene amber species key); Terayama, 2009: 224 (Taiwan species key); Seifert & Schultz, 2009: 258 (F. rufibarbis group key).

Proformica Ruzsky, 1902d: 13 [as subgenus of Formica]. Type-species: Formica nasuta, by monotypy.

Proformica in Formicinae, Formicini: Bondroit, 1918: 40; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 242; all subsequent authors except the following.

Proformica as subgenus of Formica: Ruzsky, 1902d: 13; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1917: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 699; Emery, 1925b: 242; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 687; Creighton, 1950a: 457.

Proformica as genus: Bondroit, 1918: 40; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927b: 26; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1928a: 7; subsequent authors except the above.

Emery, 1925b: 242 (Formica (Proformica) diagnosis, catalogue); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927b: 28 (Turkestan species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1928a: 7 (central Asia species key); Bernard, 1967: 282 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Dlussky, 1969a: 231 (Russia and contiguous countries, key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 165 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Collingwood, 1978: 92 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 287 (Balkans species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 287 (Bulgaria species key); Agosti, 1994a: 112 (diagnosis, review of genus); Radchenko, 1994b: 115 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 109 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 368 (catalogue); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 27 (Portugal species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 148 (China species key); Bolton, 2003: 130 (synopsis); Dubovikov, 2005b: 190 (Caucasian Isthmus species key).

Stenamma Westwood, 1839: 219. Type-species: Stenamma westwoodii, by monotypy.

Stenamma in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1861: 55 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 23 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 121.

Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 53; Kempf, 1972a: 242 (anachronism).

Stenamma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 52 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Karavaiev, 1934: 96; Kugler, C. 1994: 25.

Asemorhoptrum Mayr, 1861: 76. Type-species: Myrmica lippula, by monotypy.

Asemorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 460; [Myrmicidae].

Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Stenamma: André, 1883a: 310; all subsequent authors except the following.

[Asemorhoptrum as junior synonym of Proatta: Snelling, R.R. 1981: 395 (error).]

Theryella Santschi, 1921d: 68. Type-species: Theryella myops (provisional junior synonym of Stenamma punctiventre), by monotypy.

Theryella as junior synonym of Stenamma: Santschi, 1923a: 136; all subsequent authors except the following.

Roger, 1863b: 25, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 395, 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20, 23 (Asemorhoptrum, Stenamma diagnoses); André, 1883a: 311 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 121 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Emery, 1908c: 306 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 127 (Italy species key); Emery, 1921f: 52 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnol'di, 1928b: 215 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 599 (Russia species key); Buren, 1944a: 284 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 135 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 153 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1957b: 141 (U.S.A. species key); Yasumatsu & Murakami, 1960: 28 (Japan species key); Smith, M.R. 1962a: 38 (Mexico and Central America species key); Gregg, 1963: 347 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 120 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Bernard, 1967: 126 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 242 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. 1973c: 5 (Western U.S.A. species key); Arnol'di, 1975: 1826 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1977c: 74 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 535 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1357 (North America, catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 297 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 33 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 268 (Balkans species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 116 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 14 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 29 (Armenia species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 344 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 393 (catalogue); Seifert, 1996b: 155 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 44 (Britain species key); Fernández, Baena & Palacio, 1996: 9 (Colombia species key); DuBois, 1998b: 215 (Palaearctic & Oriental species revision, keys); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 209 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Lyu & Cho, 2004: 263 (Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 143 (North and Central Europe species key); Branstetter, 2009: 43 (diagnosis).

Monomorium Mayr, 1855: 452. Type-species: Monomorium monomorium (replacement name for Monomorium minutum, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.

Monomorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 452 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 71 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 65.

Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 124; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 78; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.

Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomoriini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80.

Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Monomorium genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.

Monomorium in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Arnold, 1916: 203; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 166; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Phacota in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 71.

Phacota in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.

Phacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 187; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; all subsequent authors except the entry below; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Phacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.

Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865: 19. Type-species: Trichomyrmex rogeri, by monotypy.

Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 72.

Trichomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 185; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733.

Trichomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.

†Lampromyrmex Mayr, 1868c: 93. Type-species: †Monomorium mayrianum (replacement name for †Lampromyrmex gracillimus, junior secondary homonym in Monomorium), by monotypy.

†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1868c: 93 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 78.

†Lampromyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 183 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.

†Lampromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.

†Lampromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 45; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.

Holcomyrmex Mayr, 1879: 671. Type-species: Holcomyrmex scabriceps, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 280.

Holcomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 181 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 650.

Holcomyrmex as genus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 65; Forel, 1903a: 692; Bingham, 1903: 280.

Holcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 181; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.

Holcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Emery, 1908h: 667; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 295.

Epoecus Emery, 1893a: cclxxvi. Type-species: Epoecus pergandei, by monotypy.

Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139.

Epoecus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Anergatini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 204; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.

Epoecus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.

[Replacement name for Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171; junior homonym of Wheeleria Tutt, 1905: 37 (Lepidoptera).]

Wheeleriella in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 186; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.

Wheeleriella as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 291.

Wheeleria Forel, 1905b: 171. Type-species: Wheeleria santschii, by monotypy.

Epixenus Emery, 1908f: 556. Type-species: Epixenus andrei (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium advena), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 163.

Epixenus in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1914a: 41 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 184; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 643.

Epixenus as junior synonym of Monomorium: Brown & Wilson, 1957bb: 244; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287; Tinaut & Ortiz, 1988: 167.

Mitara Emery, 1913b: 261 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium laeve, by original designation.

Mitara in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; all subsequent authors.

Mitara as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1913b: 261; Emery, 1915i: 190; Arnold, 1916: 238; Forel, 1917: 242.

Mitara as junior synonym of †Lampromyrmex: Emery, 1922e: 183; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162, 676.

Mitara as junior synoynm of Monomorium: Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 299.

Chelaner Emery, 1914f: 410 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Chelaner) forcipatum, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1922e: 168.

Chelaner in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 168; all subsequent authors except the following.

Chelaner as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1914f: 410; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.

Chelaner as genus: Ettershank, 1966: 93; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).

Chelaner (and its junior synonyms Notomyrmex, Protholcomyrmex, Schizopelta) as junior synonym of Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 300; Heterick, 2001: 354.

Notomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Atta antarctica, by original designation.

Notomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 168; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Kusnezov, 1956: 20.

Notomyrmex as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 269 (in key); Kusnezov, 1960b: 343; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 60.

Parholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Myrmica gracillima (junior synonym of Atta destructor), by original designation.

Parholcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Emery, 1915i: 190; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 179; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; subsequent authors to the following.

Parholcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.

[Paraholcomyrmex Emery, 1915i: 191, Forel, 1917: 242, incorrect subsequent spellings.]

Xeromyrmex Emery, 1915i: 190 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica salomonis, by original designation.

Xeromyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677.

Xeromyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 294.

Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915c: 259 [as subgenus of Monomorium.] Type-species: Monomorium modestum, by monotypy.

Syllophopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1917: 242 [subtribe Monomoriini]; Emery, 1922e: 175; all subsequent authors to the following.

Syllophopsis as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1915c: 259; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 175; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 729; Arnold, 1952a: 465.

Syllophopsis as genus: Santschi, 1921c: 119; Santschi, 1936a: 32; Ettershank, 1966: 100.

Corynomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium (Corynomyrmex) hospitum, by monotypy.

Corynomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Viehmeyer, 1916a: 133; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 174.

Corynomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287.

Isolcomyrmex Santschi, 1917b: 296 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex santschii (junior secondary homonym in Monomorium, replaced by Monomorium santschianum), by monotypy.

Isolcomyrmex as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1917b: 296; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 676.

Isolcomyrmex as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 296.

Paraphacota Santschi, 1919d: 90. Type-species: Paraphacota surcoufi, by monotypy.

[Type-species not Phacota noualhieri, unjustified subsequent designation by Santschi, 1927d: 245; repeated in Ettershank, 1966: 82 and Bolton, 1973a: 352.]

Paraphacota in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 681.

Paraphacota as junior synonym of Monomorium: Santschi, 1927d: 243; Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 293.

Equestrimessor Santschi, 1919d: 92 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Holcomyrmex chobauti, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 644.

Equestrimessor as subgenus of Monomorium: Santschi, 1919d: 92;Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677; Santschi, 1936a: 32.

Equestrimessor as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 287, 297.

Xenhyboma Santschi, 1919g: 405. Type-species: Xenhyboma mystes (junior synonym of Monomorium medinae), by monotypy.

Xenhyboma as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Espadaler, 1982b: 112; Bolton, 1987: 293.

Protholcomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 162 [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Monomorium rothsteini, by original designation.

Ireneidris Donisthorpe, 1943c: 81. Type-species: Ireneidris myops (junior synonym of Monomorium talpa), by original designation.

Ireneidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini [subtribe Monomoriini]: Donisthorpe, 1943c: 82.

Ireneidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Ettershank, 1966: 82; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381; Bolton, 1987: 298.

Schizopelta McAreavey, 1949: 14. Type-species: Schizopelta falcata, by original designation.

Nothidris Ettershank, 1966: 105. Type-species: Monomorium latastei, by original designation.

Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Megalomyrmex genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; in Solenopsis genus group: Bolton, 1987: 271.

Nothidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kempf, 1972a: 165; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Nothidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.

Pharaophanes Bernard, 1967: 168 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Type-species: Formica pharaonis, by monotypy.

[Pharaophanes Bernard, 1953b: 238 (attributed to Santschi) [as subgenus of Monomorium]. Unavailable name; proposed without designation of type-species. Species included by Bernard (1953) are all referable to Monomorium: Bolton, 1987: 288; Bolton, 1995b: 42 (see also note in Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 90).]

Antichthonidris Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5. Type-species: Monomorium denticulatum, by original designation.

Antichthonidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Epelysidris Bolton, 1987: 279. Type-species: Epelysidris brocha, by original designation.

Epelysidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995a: 1049; Bolton, 1995b: 188.

Epelysidris as junior synonym of Monomorium: Fernández, in Heterick, 2006: 79; Fernández, 2007b: 130.

Roger, 1863b: 30, 31 (Phacota, Monomorium catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 429, 440 (Monomorium, Phacota catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 22 (Trichomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 95 (Monomorium diagnosis); Mayr, 1876: 100 (Australia Monomorium species key); Emery, 1881b: 530 (Mediterranean & Red Sea Monomorium species key); André, 1883a: 331, 343 (Europe & Algeria Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); André, 1883b: 397 (Phacota); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. Monomorium catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 69 (Russia Monomorium species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 65, 71, 72, 78 (Holcomyrmex, Monomorium, Phacota, Trichomyrmex, †Lampromyrmex catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 685, 692 (India & Sri Lanka Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Bingham, 1903: 200, 282 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Monomorium, Holcomyrmex species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 633 (Russian Empire Monomorium species key); Emery, 1908h: 664 (Palaearctic Monomorium species key); Emery, 1915i: 190 (Monomorium subgenera key); Arnold, 1916: 203, 204 (Monomorium diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1916b: 161 (Italy Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1921c: 121 (Syllophopsis species key); Emery, 1922e: 166 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 168 (M. (Chelaner) & M. (Notomyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 170 (M. (Monomorium) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 174 (M. (Corynomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 175 (M. (Syllophopsis) & M. (Xeromyrmex) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1922e: 179 (M. (Parholcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 181 (M. (Holcomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 183 (M. (Lampromyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 184 (Epixenus diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 185 (Trichomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 186 (Wheeleriella diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 187 (Phacota diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 204 (Epoecus diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 161, 675, 862, 1026 (Monomorium diagnosis, subgenera key, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Menozzi, 1933b: 64 (Israel Monomorium species key); Santschi, 1936a: 33 (Mediterranean & Africa M. (Xeromyrmex) key); Buren, 1944a: 289 (U.S.A., Iowa Monomorium species key); Kusnezov, 1949a: 431 (Argentina Monomorium species); Creighton, 1950a: 217 (North America Monomorium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 239 (Epoecus, review of genus); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 162, 169 (Asia Ireneidris, Monomorium, Trichomyrmex, Wheeleriella checklists); Bernard, 1955b: 282 (Epixenus species key); Brown, 1958h: 28 (New Zealand Monomorium species key); Gregg, 1963: 367 (U.S.A., Colorado Monomorium species key); Ettershank, 1966: 82, 93, 100 (Monomorium, Chelaner, Syllophopsis diagnoses, reviews of genera, checklists); Bernard, 1967: 165 (Monomorium diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 143 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Kempf, 1972a: 165 (Nothidris catalogue); Alayo, 1974: 14 (Cuba Monomorium species key); Snelling, R.R. 1975: 5 (Nothidris all species key); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 79 (Nothidris all species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (former European U.S.S.R. Monomorium species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula Monomorium species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1381 (North America Monomorium catalogue); Tohmé & Tohmé, 1980a: 1087 (Lebanon & Syria Epixenus species key); Collingwood, 1985: 267 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 55, 70 (Australia Chelaner, Monomorium catalogues); DuBois, 1986: 74 (Nearctic Monomorium species revision, key); Bolton, 1987: 281 (Phacota diagnosis, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 283 (Antichthonidris, review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 284 (Nothidris review of genus); Bolton, 1987: 287 (Monomorium diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Taylor, 1987a: 19, 40 and Taylor, 1987b: 2 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand Monomorium checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 272 (Balkans Monomorium species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 231 (Turkmenistan Monomorium species key); Brandão, 1991: 326, 357 (Neotropical Monomorium catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 361 (Nothidris catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 38 (Japan Monomorium species key); Arakelian, 1994: 46 (Armenia Monomorium species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048, 1050, 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 67, 258, 292, 316 (Antichthonidris, Monomorium, Nothidris, Phacota catalogues); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 88 (China Monomorium species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 337 (Saudi Arabia Monomorium species key); Radchenko, 1997f: 211 (M. scabriceps group revision, key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 19 (Portugal Monomorium species key); Shattuck, 1999: 145 (Australia synopsis); Heterick, 2001: 367 (Australia Monomorium species revision, key); Zhou, 2001b: 112 (China, Guangxi Monomorium species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 127 (U.S.A., New Mexico Monomorium species key); Heterick, 2006: 84 (Malagasy Monomorium species revision, key); Fernández, 2007b: 139 (Neotropical Monomorium species key); Terayama, 2009: 154 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 158 (south-western Australia species key); Aldawood & Sharaf, 2011: 52 (Saudi Arabia M. monomorium group key).

Solenopsis Westwood, 1840b: 86. Type-species: Solenopsis mandibularis (junior synonym of Atta geminata), by monotypy.

Solenopsis in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1865: 24 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 75.

Solenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsis genus group: Ettershank, 1966: 81; Bolton, 1987: 271.

Solenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 130; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1899c: 79; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 41; Arnold, 1916: 242; Forel, 1917: 243; Emery, 1922e: 195; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Kempf, 1972a: 232; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1384; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 16; Jaffe, 1993: 10; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Diplorhoptrum Mayr, 1855: 449. Type-species: Formica fugax, by monotypy.

Diplorhoptrum in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 449 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 72 [Myrmicidae].

Diplorhoptrum in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Emery, 1922e: 195; all subsequent authors.

Diplorhoptrum as genus: Mayr, 1855: 449; Baroni Urbani, 1968b: 68; Kutter, 1977c: 98; Bernard, 1978a: 543; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 539; Collingwood, 1979: 64; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80; Kupyanskaya, 1990: 132; Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 167; Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 102; Baroni Urbani, 1995: 20 (footnote).

Diplorhoptrum as subgenus of Solenopsis: Creighton, 1930b: 43; Santschi, 1934e: 566 (in text), 568; Creighton, 1950a: 233; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 813; Kusnezov, 1956: 27; Kusnezov, 1957a: 273; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Smith, M.R. 1967: 358.

Diplorhoptrum as junior synonym of Solenopsis: Mayr, 1862: 751; Roger, 1863b: 32; Mayr, 1863: 453; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 75; Forel, 1915d: 9; Emery, 1922e: 195; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 877; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 639; Ettershank, 1966: 134; Kempf, 1972a: 232; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1384; Bolton, 1987: 285; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 27.

Octella Forel, 1915b: 70 [as subgenus of Oligomyrmex]. Type-species: Oligomyrmex (Octella) pachycerus, by original designation.

Octella as subgenus of Oligomyrmex: Forel, 1917: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 687; Emery, 1924d: 218.

Synsolenopsis Forel, 1918b: 155 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis (Synsolenopsis) bruchi (junior primary homonym in Solenopsis, replaced by Solenopsis bruchiella), by monotypy.

Synsolenopsis as subgenus of Solenopsis: Forel, 1918b: 155; Emery, 1922e: 196.

Synsolenopsis as genus: Creighton, 1930b: 41 (in text); Kusnezov, 1953c: 341; Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.

Diagyne Santschi, 1923c: 268 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis succinea by monotypy.

Diagyne as subgenus of Solenopsis: Santschi, 1923c: 268; Creighton, 1930b: 42; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160.

Labauchena Santschi, 1930d: 81. Type-species: Labauchena daguerrei, by monotypy.

Labauchena in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Santschi, 1930d: 81; all subsequent authors.

Euophthalma Creighton, 1930b: 43 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Myrmica globularia, by original designation.

Oedaleocerus Creighton, 1930b: 43 [as subgenus of Solenopsis]. Type-species: Solenopsis angulata, by original designation.

Oedaleocerus as genus: Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.

Bisolenopsis Kusnezov, 1953d: 9. Type-species: Bisolenopsis sea, by monotypy.

Bisolenopsis in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1953d: 9; Kusnezov, 1957a: 272; Kusnezov, 1962b: 159; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.

Paranamyrma Kusnezov, 1953d: 17. Type-species: Paranamyrma solenopsidis, by monotypy.

Paranamyrma in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 267 (in key); Kusnezov, 1962b: 160; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.

Granisolenopsis Kusnezov, 1956: 26 [as subgenus of Solenopsis] (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Solenopsis (Granisolenopsis) granivora, by original designation.

Lilidris Kusnezov, 1956: 26 (diagnosis in key). Type-species: Lilidris metatarsalis, by original designation.

[Lilidris also described as new by Kusnezov, 1957a: 274 and Kusnezov, 1958b: 189.]

Lilidris in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Kusnezov, 1957a: 274; Kusnezov, 1958b: 189; Kusnezov, 1962b: 159; Kusnezov, 1964: 61.

Smith, F. 1858b: 177 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 32 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 453 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 24 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 109 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 996 (all species key); André, 1883b: 387 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 262 (U.S.A. catalogue); Dalla Torre, 1893: 75 (catalogue); Emery, 1896g: 82 (New World species key); Forel, 1903a: 689 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 158 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Emery, 1909a: 29 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 165 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1916: 242 (diagnosis); Emery, 1922e: 195 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 163, 877, 1028 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 218 (Oligomyrmex (Octella) diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1930b: 42 (subgenera key); Creighton, 1930b: 45 (S. (Solenopsis) species key); Creighton, 1930b: 106 (S. (Euophthalma) species key); Cole, 1942: 361 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bernard, 1950a: 5 (France species key); Creighton, 1950a: 228 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 167 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1952b: 50 (South America S. saevissima complex, key); Kusnezov, 1953c: 347 (Synsolenopsis species key); Gregg, 1963: 370 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Snelling, R.R. 1963: 1 (U.S.A S. geminata group species); Ettershank, 1966: 134 (diagnosis, review of genus, checklist); Bernard, 1967: 170 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kusnezov, 1969: 37 (Bisolenopsis species key); Buren, 1972: 1 (S. geminata group, partial revision); Kempf, 1972a: 232 (Neotropical catalogue); Snelling, R.R. & Hunt, 1976: 81 (Chile species key); Kutter, 1977c: 99 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 539 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 82 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Bernard, 1978a: 573 (France species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1385 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 443 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 302 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 87 (Australia catalogue); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 50 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 72 (Australia, New Caledonia checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Bolton, 1987: 285 (synonymy notes); Thompson & Johnson, 1989: 697 (U.S.A., Florida species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 240 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 378 (Neotropical catalogue); Trager, 1991: 141 (S. geminata group revision, key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 41 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 48 (Armenia species key); Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 102 (Central Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 386 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 70 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 358 (Saudi Arabia species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 18 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 165 (Australia synopsis); Taber, 2000: 234 (U.S.A. S. geminata group, key); Snelling, R.R. 2001: 522 (Puerto Rico S. fugax group, key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 196 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Terayama, 2009: 157 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 176 (south-western Australia species key).

Myrmica Latreille, 1804: 179. Type-species: Formica rubra, by subsequent designation of Latreille, 1810: 437; see also Yarrow, 1955b: 113.

Myrmica in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 396 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 70 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 62 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 460 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 108.

Myrmica in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 63; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 59; Forel, 1917: 241; Bondroit, 1918: 96; Emery, 1921f: 36; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; all subsequent authors.

Sifolinia in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1922e: 117; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661.

Sifolinia in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Collingwood, 1979: 58; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79.

Sifolinia as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Bolton, 1988a: 3; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 219.

†Nothomyrmica Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 60. Type-species: †Macromischa rudis, by original designation.

[†Nothomyrmica Wheeler, W.M. 1908g: 413, and Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 167, nomina nuda.]

†Nothomyrmica in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 60; all subsequent authors except the following.

†Nothomyrmica in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Bolton, 1994: 106; Bolton, 1995b: 292.

†Nothomyrmica as junior synonym of Myrmica: Radchenko, Dlussky & Elmes, 2007: 1495.

Sommimyrma Menozzi, 1925d: 25. Type-species: Sommimyrma symbiotica, by original designation.

Sommimyrma as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Bolton, 1988a: 3; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 224.

Symbiomyrma Arnol'di, 1930c: 267. Type-species: Symbiomyrma karavajevi, by monotypy.

Symbiomyrma as genus: Karavaiev, 1934: 102; Seifert, 1994: 15; Seifert, 1996b: 236.

Symbiomyrma as junior synonym of Myrmica: Bolton, 1988a: 3; Bolton, 1994: 106; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 219.

Paramyrmica Cole, 1957a: 37. Type-species: Paramyrmica colax, by original designation.

Paramyrmica as genus: Gregg, 1961: 215; Smith, M.R. 1967: 350; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1351.

Paramyrmica as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Bolton, 1988a: 3.

Dodecamyrmica Arnol'di, 1968: 1803 [as subgenus of Myrmica]. Type-species: Myrmica arnoldii, by original designation.

Dodecamyrmica as junior synonym of Myrmica: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Francoeur, 1981: 759; Bolton, 1988a: 4.

Mayr, 1855: 396, 397 (diagnosis, Austria species key); Smith, F. 1858b: 114 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1861: 62 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 28 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 429 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 19 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 192 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 75 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 315 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 246 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 71 (Russia species key); Lameere, 1892: 68 (Belgium species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 108 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 696 (India species key); Bingham, 1903: 267 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 652 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 15 (Luxemburg species key); Emery, 1908a: 165 (Palaearctic species key); Bondroit, 1910: 493 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 70 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 110 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 121 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1918: 98 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1921f: 36 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 117 (Sifolinia diagnosis, catalogue); Finzi, 1926: 77 (diagnosis, European species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 190 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 258 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 118 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 599 (Russia species key); Arnol'di, 1934: 151 (former European U.S.S.R. species, biometrics); Karavaiev, 1934: 63 (Ukraine species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 293 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 74 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 75 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 75 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 367 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 168 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 281 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 175 (Belgium species key); Weber, 1947: 444 (North America species key); Creighton, 1950a: 92 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 124 (Asia checklist); Sadil, 1952: 264 (Czechia & Slovakia species key); Collingwood, 1958b: 65 (Britain species key); Boven, 1959: 7 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 290 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 96 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964: 101 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 107 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 156 (Sifolinia diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 16 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1970b: 1832 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1973c: 253 (morphology, satellite genera, Sifolinia, Sommimyrma, Symbiomyrma, key to first); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1976a: 554 (central Asia & Kazakhstan species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 20 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 43 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 530 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 78 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 41 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1347, 1351 (North America Myrmica, Paramyrmica catalogues); Francoeur, 1981: 755 (M. lampra group); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Gösswald, 1985: 294 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 22 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Kupyanskaya, 1986a: 83 (Far Eastern Russia M. lobicornis group, key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 62 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 267 (Balkans species key); Seifert, 1988b: 43 (Europe, Asia Minor & Caucasus species key); Bolton, 1988a: 3 (diagnosis, review of genus, venation); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 181 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 92 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 8 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 80 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 20 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 105 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994c: 130 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Douwes, 1995: 86 (Sweden species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 337 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1051 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 277 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 91 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 140 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Radchenko, Czechowski & Czechowsa, 1997: 481 (Poland species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 12 (Portugal species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 1998: 3 (M. ritae group, key); Elmes & Radchenko, 1998: 218 (Taiwan species key); Wei, Zhou, He & Liu, 2001: 561 (China species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2001: 262 (Himalaya species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 141 (Poland species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2003a: 239 (Palaearctic socially parasitic species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 133 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Radchenko, Elmes & Bui, 2006: 43 (Vietnam species key); Radchenko, Elmes & Alicata, 2006: 531 (Palaearctic schencki group key); Seifert, 2007: 131 (North and Central Europe species key); Francoeur, 2007: 156 (punctiventris group key); Radchenko, Dlussky & Elmes, 2007: 1497 (late Eocene amber species key); Terayama, 2009: 160 (Taiwan species key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2009a: 85 (pachei group key); Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 713 (Palaearctic, Oriental, all species revision, keys).

Strongylognathus Mayr, 1853d: 389. Type-species: Eciton testaceum, by monotypy.

[Replacement name for Myrmus Schenck, 1853: 188; junior homonym of Myrmus Hahn, 1832: 81 (Hemiptera).]

Strongylognathus in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 430 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 21 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 457 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 129.

Strongylognathus in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 285; all subsequent authors.

Smith, F. 1858b: 134 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1863: 454 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 21 (diagnosis); Forel, 1874: 71 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 281 (Europe & Algeria species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 129 (catalogue); Forel, 1900e: 278 (all species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 541 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909d: 708 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 199 (Italy species key); Bondroit, 1918: 110 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1924d: 285 (diagnosis catalogue); Arnol'di, 1933b: 598 (Russia species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 87 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 87 (Central Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 237 (Western Europe species key); Baroni Urbani, 1969c: 157 (Western Europe S. huberi group revision, key); Bolton, 1976: 304 (diagnosis, review of genus); Kutter, 1977c: 159 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 545 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Gösswald, 1985: 312 (Germany species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 278 (Balkans species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 209 (Turkmenistan species key); Radchenko, 1991: 89 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 156 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 68 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 395 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 95 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 115 (Central Europe species key); Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000: 95 (phylogeny); Wei, Xu & He, 2001: 68 (China species key); Seifert, 2007: 115 (North and Central Europe species key).

Tetramorium Mayr, 1855: 423. Type-species: Formica caespitum, by subsequent designation of Girard, 1879: 1016.

Tetramorium in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 423 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 61 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 457 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 130.

Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Forel, 1899c: 52; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).

Tetramorium in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1917: 271; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 275; all subsequent authors.

Tetrogmus Roger, 1857: 10. Type-species: Tetrogmus caldarius, by monotypy.

Tetrogmus as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Roger, 1862c: 297; all subsequent authors except the above; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195.

Xiphomyrmex Forel, 1887: 385 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Xiphomyrmex) kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 175.

Xiphomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 286; all subsequent authors.

Xiphomyrmex as subgenus of Tetramorium: Dalla Torre, 1893: 130; Forel, 1899c: 53; Forel, 1903a: 700; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Arnold, 1917: 274; Arnold, 1926: 277.

Xiphomyrmex as genus: Emery, 1895j: 770; Emery, 1896e: 183; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 193; Emery, 1924d: 286; Smith, M.R. 1938a: 126; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 736; Creighton, 1950a: 293; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 824; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 179; Bernard, 1953b: 250; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).

Xiphomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bingham, 1903: 175; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Triglyphothrix Forel, 1890b: cvi. Type-species: Triglyphothrix walshi, by monotypy.

Triglyphothrix in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Emery, 1895j: 770; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 272; all subsequent authors.

Triglyphothrix as subgenus of Tetramorium: Arnold, 1917: 274; Arnold, 1926: 272.

Triglyphothrix as genus: Forel, 1890b: cvi. Dalla Torre, 1893: 135; Emery, 1895j: 770; Forel, 1903a: 703; Bingham, 1903: 171; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 141; Emery, 1914a: 42; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 196; Emery, 1924d: 272; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 734; Creighton, 1950a: 285; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 823; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 178; Bernard, 1953b: 248; Kempf, 1972a: 255; Bolton, 1976: 310; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1399; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257; Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 91.

Triglyphothrix as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1985: 247; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Atopula Emery, 1912b: 104. Type-species: Atopomyrmex nodifer, by original designation.

Atopula in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini: Emery, 1912b: 105; Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242 [subtribe Podomyrmini]; all subsequent authors to Bolton, 1976: 359.

Atopula as genus: Emery, 1912b: 104; Emery, 1914a: 41; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242; Bernard, 1948: 177; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (anachronism).

Atopula as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 195; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Macromischoides Wheeler, W.M. 1920: 53. Type-species: Macromischa aculeata, by original designation.

Macromischoides in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 257 (anachronism).

Macromischoides in Myrmicinae, Tetramoriini: Santschi, 1924b: 207; all subsequent authors.

Macromischoides as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 187; Santschi, 1924b: 206; Bernard, 1953b: 248; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).

Macromischoides as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 196.

Lobomyrmex Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Type-species: Tetramorium (Lobomyrmex) ferox silhavyi (junior synonym of Tetramorium ferox), by monotypy.

Lobomyrmex as junior synonym of Tetramorium: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Bolton, 1976: 359; Bolton, 1980: 196.

Sulcomyrmex Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 [as subgenus of Tetramorium]. Unavailable name. Proposed without designation of type-species and therefore unavailable. Species included by Kratochvíl (1941) are all referable to Tetramorium: Bolton, 1976: 359.]

Apomyrmex Calilung, 2000: 66. Type-species: Apomyrmex manobo, by original designation.

Roger, 1863b: 26, 27 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 456 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 20 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1870b: 972 (all species key); André, 1883a: 285 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1893e: 214 (Triglyphothrix species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 130, 135 (Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Forel, 1903a: 700, 703 (India & Sri Lanka Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix species keys); Bingham, 1903: 172, 175 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 517 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909d: 695 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 195 (Italy species key); Arnold, 1917: 271, 275, 334, 345 (diagnosis, South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium), T. (Triglyphothrix), T. (Xiphomyrmex) species keys); Bondroit, 1918: 106 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1919: 353 (Papuasia Triglyphothrix species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 187, 190, 193, 196 (Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix diagnoses); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 886, 889, 893, 906, 909 (Afrotropical Atopula, Macromischoides, Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1030, 1031, 1032 (Malagasy Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 242 (Atopula diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 272 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 275 (Tetramorium diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 286 (Xiphomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1924b: 210 (Macromischoides species key); Arnold, 1926: 241 (South Africa Tetramorium (Tetramorium) species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 74 (Israel species key); Finzi, 1936: 183 (Egypt species key); Smith, M.R. 1938a: 127 (North America Xiphomyrmex species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 84 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 84 (Central Europe species key); Smith, M.R. 1943b: 2 (North America species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 76, 95 (Central Europe species key); Creighton, 1950a: 290, 293 (North America Tetramorium, Xiphomyrmex species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 174, 178, 179 (Asia Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix, Xiphomyrmex checklists); Brown, 1958h: 27 (New Zealand species); Bernard, 1967: 227 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 249, 255 (Neotropical Tetramorium, Triglyphothrix catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 18 (Cuba species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 105 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Bolton, 1976: 310, 314, 341 (Triglyphothrix diagnosis, Afrotropical, Oriental & Malesian species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1976: 359 (Tetramorium diagnosis, review of genus, synonymy); Bolton, 1977: 72, 133 (Oriental & Malesian, Australia species revisions, keys); Kutter, 1977c: 150 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 544 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 82 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1399, 1400 (North America Triglyphothrix, Tetramorium catalogues); Bolton, 1979: 132, 159 (Malagasy, New World species revisions, keys); Bolton, 1980: 196, 205 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Collingwood, 1985: 262 (Saudi Arabia species key); Gösswald, 1985: 311 (Germany species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 88 (Australia catalogue); Taylor, 1987a: 78 (Australia, New Caledonia & New Zealand checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 277 (Balkans species key); Wang, M., Xiao & Wu, 1988: 264 (China species key); Radchenko & Arakelian, 1990: 371 (Crimea & Caucasus T. ferox complex, key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 197 (Turkmenistan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 149 (Bulgaria species key); Radchenko, 1992a: 44 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 33 (Japan species key); Arakelian, 1994: 60 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 109 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 403 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 79 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 332 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 158 (Central Europe species key); Cagniant, 1997: 89 (Morocco species key); Radchenko, Czechowski & Czechowsa, 1998: 107 (Poland species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 17 (Portugal species key); Sanetra, Güsten & Schulz, 1999: 317 (Italy, species); Shattuck, 1999: 168 (Australia synopsis); Chang & He, 2001a: 1 (northwest China species key); Zhou, 2001b: 100 (China, Guangxi species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 145 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 214 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Seifert, 2007: 145 (North and Central Europe species key); Csösz, Radchenko & Schulz, 2007: 8 (T. chefketi complex key); Terayama, 2009: 162 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 177 (south-western Australia species key); Csösz & Schulz, 2010: 12 (T. ferox complex key); Hita Garcia, Fischer & Peters, 2010b: 12 (Afrotropical T. weitzeckeri species group key).

Aphaenogaster Mayr, 1853b: 107. Type-species: Aphaenogaster sardoa, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 270.

Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 466 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 19 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 461 [Myrmicidae]; Cresson, 1887: 260 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98.

Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1891b: 166; Forel, 1895b: 129; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 58; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 53; Santschi, 1932b: 13; Kempf, 1972a: 22 (anachronism).

Aphaenogaster in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Pheidolidae]; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 55 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Brown, 1949a: 48; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 131; all subsequent authors.

Aphaenogaster as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1903a: 693.

Deromyrma Forel, 1913b: 350 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) swammerdami, by original designation.

Deromyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1913k: 49; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 64; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680; all subsequent authors to the following.

Deromyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.

Planimyrma Viehmeyer, 1914d: 604 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Stenamma (Ischnomyrmex) loriai, by original designation.

Planimyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Viehmeyer, 1914d: 604; Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680; all subsequent authors to the following.

Planimyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.

Attomyrma Emery, 1915d: 70 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Formica subterranea, by original designation.

Attomyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Emery, 1915d: 70; Emery, 1916b: 129; Emery, 1921f: 56; all subsequent authors to the following.

Attomyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.

Novomessor Emery, 1915d: 73. Type-species: Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) cockerelli, by original designation.

Novomessor in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Forel, 1917: 241; Emery, 1921f: 66 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors except the following.

Novomessor in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 675; Kempf, 1972a: 166.

Novomessor as genus: Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 343; Creighton, 1950a: 155; Hölldobler, Stanton & Engel, 1976: 32.

Novomessor as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1974b: 47; Bolton, 1982: 364 (discussion pp. 339-341).

Nystalomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1916j: 215 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Myrmica longiceps, by original designation.

Nystalomyrma as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Wheeler, W.M. 1916j: 215; Emery, 1921f: 61; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 676.

Nystalomyrma as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359; Bolton, 1982: 364.

Brunella Forel, 1917: 234. Type-species: Aphaenogaster belti, by monotypy.

Brunella in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 663; Emery, 1924d: 242; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.

Brunella incertae sedis in Formicidae: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 259 (anachronism, incomprehensible entry).

Brunella incertae sedis in Myrmicinae: Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism).

Brunella as junior synonym of Atopula: Emery, 1924d: 242; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 629.

Brunella as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Bolton, 1982: 364; Bolton, 1994: 106.

†Sinaphaenogaster Zhang, 1989: 266 [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: †Paraphaenogaster shanwangensis, by original designation.

†Sinaphaenogaster as junior synonym of Aphaenogaster: Bolton, 2003: 230, 273.

Mayr, 1855: 466 (diagnosis); Roger, 1863b: 29 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 19 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 92 (diagnosis); André, 1874: 195 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 74 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883b: 348 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1886d: 443 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 260 (U.S.A. catalogue); Emery, 1888a: 531 (A. (Ischnomyrmex) species key); Nasonov, 1889: 74 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 98 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 270 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 714 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908c: 310 (Palaearctic species key); Bondroit, 1910: 495 (Belgium species key); Emery, 1916b: 132 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 585 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916j: 213 (Australia species); Bondroit, 1918: 156 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1921f: 55 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 56, 61, 64, 65 (A. (Attomyrma, Nystalomyrma, Deromyrma, Planimyrma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1921f: 66 (Novomessor diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 680 (subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1016, 1029 (Aphaenogaster, Brunella catalogues); Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 348 (Novomessor species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 296 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 112 (Germany species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 81 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 81 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 363 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Buren, 1944a: 284 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 140, 155 (North America Aphaenogaster, Novomessor species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 131 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1961b: 218 (New Guinea species key); Gregg, 1963: 336 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Bernard, 1967: 128 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 22, 166 (Neotropical Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma), Novomessor catalogues); Arnol'di, 1976b: 1023 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Kutter, 1977c: 77 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 536 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 79 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1359 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 439 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 54 (Australia catalogue); Gösswald, 1985: 298 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 35 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Taylor, 1987a: 8 (Australia checklist); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 269 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 211 (Turkmenistan species key); Brandão, 1991: 326 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 15 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 107 (Bulgaria species key); Schulz, A. 1994a: 425 (A. (Attomyrma), partial key); Arakelian, 1994: 29 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 68 (catalogue); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 110 (China species key); Umphrey, 1996: 557 (North America A. fulva complex key); Cagniant, 1996a: 67 (Morocco species key); Seifert, 1996b: 156 (Central Europe species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 13 (Portugal species key); Shattuck, 1999: 126 (Australia synopsis); Park & Kim, 2000: 108 (Korea species key); Zhou, 2001b: 142 (China, Guangxi species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 60 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Longino & Cover, 2004: 1 (A. phalangium complex revision); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 144 (North and Central Europe species key); Shattuck, 2008a: 27 (Australia species revision, key); Terayama, 2009: 164 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 144 (south-western Australia species key).

Messor Forel, 1890a: lxviii [as subgenus of Aphaenogaster]. Type-species: Formica barbara, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 277.

Messor in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 59; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140.

Messor in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 241; Arnold, 1920a: 404; Emery, 1921f: 68 [subtribe Stenammini]; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.

Messor as subgenus of Aphaenogaster: Forel, 1890a: lxviii; Dalla Torre, 1893: 98; Forel, 1899c: 59.

Messor as subgenus of Stenamma: Emery, 1895c: 298; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1903a: 693.

Messor as genus: Bingham, 1903: 277; Ruzsky, 1905b: 726; Emery, 1908e: 437; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Forel, 1917: 241; Bondroit, 1918: 149; Arnold, 1920a: 404; Emery, 1921f: 68; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.

Cratomyrmex Emery, 1892d: 572. Type-species: Cratomyrmex regalis, by monotypy.

Cratomyrmex in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 40; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 43; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 635.

Cratomyrmex as genus: Emery, 1892d: 572; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Forel, 1917: 240; Emery, 1921f: 43; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 660, 802; Bernard, 1971: 6.

Cratomyrmex as junior synonym of Messor: Emery, 1924d: 357; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 635; Bolton, 1982: 338; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14; Bolton, 1994: 106.

Veromessor Forel, 1917: 235 [as subgenus of Novomessor]. Type-species: Aphaenogaster andrei, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1921f: 67.

Veromessor in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.

Veromessor as subgenus of Novomessor: Forel, 1917: 235; Emery, 1921f: 67; Donisthorpe, 1943g: 735.

Veromessor as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 354; Creighton, 1950a: 157; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 799; Kusnezov, 1952b: 10 (in key); Kempf, 1972a: 257; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1364.

Lobognathus Enzmann, J. 1947b: 152 [as subgenus of Veromessor]. Erroneous entry for Veromessor lobognathus and hence junior synonym of Veromessor: Brown, 1949a: 49.

[Sphaeromessor Bernard, 1985: 48. Unavailable name. Proposed without designation of type-species and therefore unavailable. Species included by Bernard (1985) are all referable to Messor: Bolton, 1995b: 46.]

Forel, 1903a: 693 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 278 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 726 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908e: 437 (Palaearctic species key); Emery, 1916b: 143 (Italy species key); Bondroit, 1918: 149 (France & Belgium species key); Arnold, 1920a: 404 (diagnosis); Emery, 1921f: 43 (Cratomyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 67 (Veromessor diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1921f: 68 (diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 802 (Afrotropical Cratomyrmex, Messor catalogues); Santschi, 1927c: 247 (M. instabilis group key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927a: 89 (Central Asia species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929d: 4 (Central Asia species key); Finzi, 1929: 77 (Italy species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 56 (Israel species key); Wheeler, W.M. & Creighton, 1934: 360 (Veromessor species key); Finzi, 1936: 160 (Egypt species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 82 (Central Europe species key); Creighton, 1950a: 158 (North America Veromesor species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 136 (Asia checklist); Bernard, 1955a: 360 (Mediterranean M. structor group key); Smith, M.R. 1956a: 36 (U.S.A. Veromessor species key); Bernard, 1967: 137 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 257 (Neotropical Veromessor catalogue); Tarbinsky, 1976: 50 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Arnol'di, 1977b: 1640 (former U.S.S.R. species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 537 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 80 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1364 (North America Veromessor catalogue); Bolton, 1982: 338 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species revision, key); Collingwood, 1985: 248 (Saudi Arabia species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 38 (U.S.A., Nevada Veromessor species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 270 (Balkans species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 215 (Turkmenistan species key); Casevitz-Weulersse, 1990b: 156 (Corsica species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 113 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 33 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 106 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 252 (catalogue); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 314 (Saudi Arabia species key); Cagniant & Espadaler, 1998: 419 (Morocco species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 14 (Portugal species key).

Cardiocondyla Emery, 1869b: 20. Type-species: Cardiocondyla elegans, by monotypy.

Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 456 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 70.

Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Emery, 1895j: 769; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).

Cardiocondyla in Myrmicinae, Cardiocondylini: Emery, 1914a: 40; Arnold, 1916: 200; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 124; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 80 (anachronism); Jaffe, 1993: 10 (anachronism).

Emeryia Forel, 1890b: cx. Type-species: Emeryia wroughtonii, by monotypy.

Emeryia as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Forel, 1892h: 461; Forel, 1892i: 313; Dalla Torre, 1893: 70.

Xenometra Emery, 1917a: 96. Type-species: Xenometra monilicornis (junior synonym of Cardiocondyla emeryi), by monotypy.

Xenometra in Myrmicinae, Cardiocondylini: Emery, 1922e: 126; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; subsequent authors.

Xenometra as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Baroni Urbani, 1973: 199; Marikovsky & Yakushin, 1974: 60.

Dyclona Santschi, 1930b: 70 (footnote) [as subgenus of Cardiocondyla]. Type-species: Monomorium cristatum, by original designation.

Dyclona as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375; Bolton, 1982: 309.

Loncyda Santschi, 1930b: 70 [as subgenus of Cardiocondyla]. Type-species: Cardiocondyla (Loncyda) monardi, by monotypy.

Loncyda as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Brown, 1973b: 181 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375; Bolton, 1982: 309.

Prosopidris Wheeler, W.M. 1935b: 40 [as subgenus of Cardiocondyla]. Type-species: Cardiocondyla (Prosopidris) sima, by original designation.

Prosopidris as junior synonym of Cardiocondyla: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375; Bolton, 1982: 309.

André, 1883a: 327 (Europe & Algeria species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 70 (catalogue); Forel, 1903a: 688 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Bingham, 1903: 287 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 623 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1909a: 20 (Palaearctic species key); Arnold, 1916: 200 (diagnosis); Emery, 1922e: 124 (diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1922e: 126 (Xenometra diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 149, 827, 1021 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 37 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 114 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 172 (Egypt species key); Smith, M.R. 1944a: 32 (U.S.A. species key); Creighton, 1950a: 197 (North America species key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 83 (Asia checklist); Bernard, 1956c: 301 (Palaearctic species key); Bernard, 1967: 156 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 158 (Xenometra diagnosis); Kempf, 1972a: 73, 259 (Neotropical Cardiocondyla, Xenometra catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 12 (Cuba species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 71 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 86 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1375 (North America catalogue); Bolton, 1982: 309 (diagnosis, Afrotropical species key); Kugler, J. 1984: 17 (males, key); Collingwood, 1985: 256 (Saudi Arabia species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 276 (Balkans species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 193 (Turkmenistan species key); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 31 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 172 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 42 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 132 (catalogue); Radchenko, 1995b: 452 (Palaearctic species key); Mackay, 1995: 170 (New World species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 68 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 326 (Saudi Arabia species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999d: 99 (Japan species, review); Shattuck, 1999: 129 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 85 (China, Guangxi species key); Rigato, 2002: 172 (Afrotropical species key); Seifert, 2003a: 292 (C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, C. minutior groups revision, key); Terayama, 2009: 179 (Taiwan species key).

Leptothorax Mayr, 1855: 431. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 214.

[Type-species not Myrmica clypeata, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1912d: 271; repeated in Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 79 and Emery, 1924d: 248.]

Leptothorax in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 431 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 57 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 20 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 458 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 122.

Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini: Forel, 1895b: 125; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 54; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 63; Kusnezov, 1964: 57 (anachronism).

Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini: Emery, 1914a: 42; Arnold, 1916: 257; Forel, 1917: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 664; Emery, 1924d: 247; subsequent authors to the following.

Leptothorax in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini: Bolton, 1994: 105; Mackay, 2000: 267.

Mychothorax Ruzsky, 1904a: 288. Type-species: Formica acervorum, by original designation.

Mychothorax as subgenus of Leptothorax: Ruzsky, 1905b: 609; Emery, 1915g: 24; Emery, 1916b: 176; Forel, 1917: 245; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679; Emery, 1924d: 260; Creighton, 1950a: 274.

Mychothorax as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Smith, M.R. 1950: 29; Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Bolton, 1982: 319. [Leptothorax and Mychothorax share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Doronomyrmex Kutter, 1945: 485. Type-species: Doronomyrmex pacis, by monotypy.

Doronomyrmex as junior synonym of Leptothorax: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Heinze, 1998: 195; Bolton, 2003: 270.

Mayr, 1855: 433 (Austria species key); Mayr, 1861: 58 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 26, 28, 30 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 426, 428, 456 (Leptothorax, Macromischa, Temnothorax catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 19, 20, 21 (Macromischa, Leptothorax, Temnothorax diagnoses); Mayr, 1868c: 83 (†Baltic Amber species key); André, 1874: 188 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 84 (Switzerland species key); André, 1883a: 293 (Europe & Algeria species key); Mayr, 1886d: 451 (U.S.A. species key); Cresson, 1887: 261 (U.S.A. catalogue); Nasonov, 1889: 70 (Russia species key); Emery, 1891b: 5 (North Africa species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 120, 122 (Macromischa, Leptothorax catalogues); Emery, 1895c: 317 (North America species key); Emery, 1896g: 58 (Neotropical species key); Bingham, 1903: 215 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1903c: 223 (North America species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 570 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 16 (Luxemburg species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1908a: 141 (Macromischa species key); Santschi, 1909b: 460 (L. rottenbergi group key); Bondroit, 1910: 496 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 60 (Central Europe species key); Crawley, 1914: 91 (Britain species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 147 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 176 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Arnold, 1916: 257 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Bondroit, 1918: 117 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1920: 408 (Macromischa species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 677 (Macromischa subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 679 (Leptothorax subgenera key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 890 (Afrotropical catalogue); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 1029 (Malagasy catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 245 (Macromischa catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 247 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 249 (L. (Goniothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 251 (L. (Leptothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 259 (L. (Temnothorax) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1924d: 260 (L. (Dichothorax) & L. (Mychothorax) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1924d: 264 (Symmyrmica review, catalogue); Karavaiev, 1927c: 266 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 163 (Britain species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 38 (Turkestan species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1931b: 31 (Macromischa, Croesomyrmex, Antillaemyrmex checklists); Arnol'di, 1933b: 598 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 68 (Israel species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 134 (Ukraine species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1937b: 463 (Macromischa checklist); Menozzi, 1939a: 307 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 158 (Germany species key); Smith, M.R. 1939e: 503 (U.S.A. Macromischa species key); Kratochvíl, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 369 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 172 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 198 (Norway species key); Kratochvíl, Novák & Snoflák, 1944: 123 (Czechoslovakia males, key); Buren, 1944a: 286 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Boven, 1947: 178 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 251, 256 (North America Macromischa, Leptothorax species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 110 (Asia checklist); Smith, M.R. 1952b: 97 (U.S.A. L. tricarinatus complex, key); Bernard, 1956a: 151 (Western Europe species groups); Kusnezov, 1958c: 266 (subgenera key); Boven, 1959: 8 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 380 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 139 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964: 99 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 185 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 187 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967: 224 (Doronomyrmex diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 20 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1971: 1824 (Kazakhstan species key); Kempf, 1972a: 132, 135 (Neotropical Leptothorax, Macromischa catalogues); Alayo, 1974: 15 (Macromischa Cuba species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 83 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 103 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 540 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 83 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 68 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 533 (L. (Macromischa) all species revision, key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1391 (North America catalogue); Buschinger, 1981: 211 (Doronomyrmex review); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bolton, 1982: 319 (diagnosis, review of genus, Afrotropical species key); Gösswald, 1985: 303 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 51 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 60 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Soyunov, 1988: 29 (former U.S.S.R. Temnothorax species); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13 (synoptic classification); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 184, 188 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 136 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brandão, 1991: 349 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, et al. 1992: 26 (Japan species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 129 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 52 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 111 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994d: 146 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 235 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 89 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 347 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 108 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 325 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 13 (Central Europe Doronomyrmex species key); Seifert, 1996b: 119 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Cagniant & Espadaler, 1997: 260 (Morocco species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama & Onoyama, 1999: 73 (Japan species key); Mackay, 2000: 265, 288, 297 (New World L. (Myrafant) species revision key, Mexico & Guatemala species key, species complexes key); Fontenla Rizo, 2001: 15 (Cuba Macromischa species key); Chang & He, 2001b: 1 (northwest China species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 143 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 93 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 270 (genus diagnosis); Lyu & Cho, 2003b: 269 (Korea species key); Radchenko, 2004: 131 (Eastern Palaearctic species, key); Deyrup & Cover, 2004a: 56 (southeast U.S.A. species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 118 (North and Central Europe species key).

dlusskyi. Aenictus dlusskyi Arnol'di, 1968: 1800, fig. 1 (w.q.) ARMENIA. See also: Aktaç, Radchenko & Kiran, 2004: 362.

dlusskyi. Aphaenogaster dlusskyi Radchenko & Arakelian, 1991: 72, figs. 1, 2 (w.) ARMENIA.

subterraneoides. Aphaenogaster pallida var. subterraneoides Emery, 1881b: 534 (w.) GREECE. Santschi, 1939c: 5 (q.). Combination in Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma): Emery, 1921f: 59. Subspecies of striola: Forel, 1890a: lxxi; of gibbosa: Karavaiev, 1912a: 5; of pallida: Emery, 1915a: 258; Finzi, 1930d: 312. Raised to species: Bondroit, 1918: 159. Junior synonym of pallida: Bernard, 1967: 134. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: Arnol'di, 1976b: 1023. Senior synonym of cypriotes: Emery, 1915a: 258. Current subspecies: nominal plus armeniaca.

armeniaca. Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma) pallida subsp. armeniaca Arnol'di, 1968: 1807 (w.) ARMENIA. Currently subspecies of subterraneoides: Arakelian, 1994: 33.

urartus. Bothriomyrmex urartus Dubovikov, 2002: 919, figs. 4-10 (w.q.m.) ARMENIA.

armeniacus. Camponotus micans subsp. armeniacus Arnol'di, 1967: 1828, fig. 3 (s.w.q.m.) ARMENIA. Raised to species: Radchenko, 1996b: 1200 (in key).

machmal. Cataglyphis machmal Radchenko & Arakelian, 1991: 73, figs. 3-5 (w.) ARMENIA.

perplexum. Monomorium perplexum Radchenko, 1997f: 213, figs. 1-11 (w.q.m.) ARMENIA.

caucasicola. Myrmica schencki nat. caucasicola Arnol'di, 1934: 172, fig. 38-40 (w.m.) ARMENIA, AZERBAIJAN. Radchenko, Elmes & Alicata, 2006: 519 (q.). Raised to species: Arakelian, 1994: 24; Radchenko, 1994a: 44; Radchenko, 1994c: 140 (in key); Radchenko, 1994f: 79. See also: Seifert, 2003b: 147; Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 109.

dlusskyi. Plagiolepis dlusskyi Radchenko, 1996a: 182, figs. 19-21 (w.) ARMENIA.

pilosiscapa. Proformica pilosiscapa Dlussky, 1969a: 228 (w.q.) ARMENIA. Junior synonym of caucasea: Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 554. Revived from synonymy: Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 290.

juliae. Diplorhoptrum juliae Arakelian, 1991: 93, figs. (w.q.m.) ARMENIA. Combination in Solenopsis: Bolton, 1995b: 388.

nitida. Diplorhoptrum nitidum Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994: 105, fig. 4 (w.q.) ARMENIA. Combination in Solenopsis: Bolton, 1995b: 389.

anodonta. Leptothorax anodonta Arnol'di, 1977a: 199 (w.m.) ARMENIA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.

sevanensis. Leptothorax sevanensis Arnol'di, 1977a: 210 (w.q.) ARMENIA. Combination in Temnothorax: Bolton, 2003: 271.

densopilosum. Tetramorium densopilosus Radchenko & Arakelian, 1990: 372, fig. 1 (w.q.m.) ARMENIA. See also: Csösz & Schulz, 2010: 15.