Global: Bolton World Catalog > Formicinae > Camponotus

Genus: Camponotus

Taxonomic Hierarchy:

Taxonomic History (provided by Barry Bolton, 2010)

Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35. Type-species: Formica ligniperda, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 347.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica herculeana, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 259, repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]

Camponotus in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 35 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 26 [Formicidae].

Camponotus in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 367 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 447 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 223 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171.

Camponotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 141; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 101; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 130; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 138; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610.

Camponotus in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 703; Emery, 1925b: 59; all subsequent authors except the following.

Camponotus in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.

Camponotus as subgenus of Formica: Smith, F. 1871a: 306.

Camponotus as genus: all authors except the entry above.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS

*Paleosminthurus Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146. Type-species: *Paleosminthurus juliae, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

*Paleosminthurus in Collembola, family *Paleosminthuridae: Pierce & Gibron, 1962: 146.

*Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Najt, 1987: 152.

*Paleosminthurus incertae sedis in Formicinae: H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18.

*Paleosminthurus in *Paleosmithurinae: Bolton, 1994: 187 [provisional subfamily status]; Bolton, 1995b: 14, 311; Bolton, 2003: 76, 263.

*Paleosminthurus as junior synonym of Camponotus: Snelling (pers. comm., 2004). [Synonymy remained unpublished at his death in 2008.]

*Shanwangella Zhang, 1989: 307. Type-species: *Shanwangella palaeoptera, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

*Shanwangella as junior synonym of Camponotus: Hong & Wu, 2000: 20.

Subgenera of CAMPONOTUS include the nominal plus the following.

All the subgenera were given as provisional junior synonyms of Camponotus by Brown, 1973b: 179 - 185. Brown's list was repeated in H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 but with all subgenera listed as junior synonyms; subgeneric status was reinstated in Bolton, 1994: 50. These consecutive entries are not repeated individually below.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)

Colobopsis Mayr, 1861: 38. Type-species: Formica truncata, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 342.

Taxonomic history

Colobopsis in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 38 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 7 [Formicidae].

Colobopsis in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 368 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1897: 449 [Camponotidae].

Colobopsis in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 193; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Colobopsis in Formicinae, Camponotini: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Emery, 1925b: 144; all subsequent authors.

Colobopsis as genus: Mayr, 1861: 38; Mayr, 1862: 652; Mayr, 1865: 7; Mayr, 1870b: 940; Forel, 1878: 368; Forel, 1879a: 125; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 449; Andr?, 1882b: 159; Bingham, 1903: 342; Forel, 1886f: 193; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Bondroit, 1918: 66; Jaffe, 1993: 14.

Colobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1889b: 517; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1893b: 435; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1904b: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 144; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 634; Creighton, 1950a: 390; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222; Kempf, 1972a: 42; Smith, D.R., 1979: 1433; Bolton, 1994: 50.

Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS)

Condylomyrma Santschi, 1928c: 72 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Condylomyrma) bryani, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Condylomyrma as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928c: 72.

Condylomyrma as junior synonym of Colobopsis: Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 422 (in text).

[Campylomyrma Wheeler, W.M. 1934e: 421 (in text), incorrect subsequent spelling.]

Dolophra Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35. Type-species: Dolophra politae, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Dolophra as genus: Wu, J. & Wang, 1994: 35; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 158.

Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 27.

Dolophra as junior synonym of Camponotus (Colobopsis): Bolton, 2003: 113, 268.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)

Mayria Forel, 1878: 369. Type-species: Mayria madagascarensis (junior secondary homonym in Camponotus, replaced by Camponotus repens), by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Mayria in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 369 [Camponotidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.

Mayria in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.

Mayria as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1894e: 227; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 121; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MAYRIA)

Myrmosaga Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus kelleri, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Camponotus quadrimaculatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]

Myrmosaga as subgenus of Camponotus Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 241; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; all subsequent authors.

Myrmosaga as junior synonym of Mayria: Emery, 1925b: 121.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (RHINOMYRMEX)

Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae: Forel, 1886f: 192 [Camponotii]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219.

Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.

Rhinomyrmex as genus: Forel, 1886f: 192; Forel, 1893a: 165; Dalla Torre, 1893: 219; Emery, 1895j: 772; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144.

Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374; Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 247; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 142; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DENDROMYRMEX)

Dendromyrmex Emery, 1895j: 772. Type-species: Formica chartifex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.

Taxonomic history

Dendromyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Emery, 1895j: 772; Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144; Forel, 1917: 250.

Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Camponotini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700; Emery, 1925b: 172; all subsequent authors except the following.

Dendromyrmex in Formicinae, Formica genus group: Agosti, 1991: 295.

Dendromyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Fern?ndez, 2002: 51.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)

Dinomyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica gigas, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Dinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Dinomyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Dinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913b: 350; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 69; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (DINOMYRMEX)

Myrmogigas Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica gigas, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

Myrmogigas as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91.

Myrmogigas as junior synonym of Dinomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 259; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704. [Dinomyrmex and Myrmogigas share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)

Tanaemyrmex Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica longipes (junior primary homonym in Formica, replaced by Camponotus etiolipes), by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Tanaemyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Tanaemyrmex as genus: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Tanaemyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (TANAEMYRMEX)

Myrmoturba Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica maculata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.

Taxonomic history

Myrmoturba as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 235; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704.

Myrmoturba as junior synonym of Tanaemyrmex: Emery, 1925b: 75; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (ORTHONOTOMYRMEX)

Orthonotomyrmex Ashmead, 1906: 31.

Taxonomic history

[Replacement name for Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384; junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera). Type-species not Formica lateralis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 264; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]

Orthonotomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1913i: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 244; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 124; all subsequent authors.

Homonym replaced by ORTHONOTOMYRMEX

Orthonotus Ashmead, 1905b: 384. Type-species: Formica sericea, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

[Junior homonym of Orthonotus Westwood, in Stephens, 1829: 344 (Hemiptera).]

Orthonotus in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAMBLYS)

Myrmamblys Forel, 1912i: 90 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus reticulatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Camponotus fastigatus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 263; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 613.]

Myrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 90; Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 248; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 136; Santschi, 1926c: 601; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTHRIX)

Myrmothrix Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica abdominalis (junior primary homonym; Formica atriceps is first available replacement name), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica rufipes, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]

Myrmothrix as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Emery, 1925b: 107; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSERICUS)

Myrmosericus Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica rufoglauca, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

Myrmosericus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 259; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 236; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704; Emery, 1925b: 104; all subsequent authors.

[See note under Myrmosaulus.]

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)

Myrmophyma Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus capito, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Camponotus quadrisectus, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 261; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 612.]

Myrmophyma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 239; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 109; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPHYMA)

Myrmocamelus Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica ephippium, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Camponotus gambeyi, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1922: 101. Myrmocamelus also described as new by Forel, 1915b: 102.]

Myrmocamelus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1915b: 102; Forel, 1917: 250; Forel, 1922: 101.

Myrmocamelus as junior synonym of Myrmophyma: Emery, 1920b: 257; Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Emery, 1925b: 109.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTREMA)

Myrmotrema Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus foraminosus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

Myrmotrema as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 613; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 130; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOBRACHYS)

Myrmobrachys Forel, 1912i: 91 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica senex, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

Myrmobrachys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 91; Forel, 1914a: 262; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMENTOMA)

Myrmentoma Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica lateralis, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 80.

Taxonomic history

Myrmentoma as junior synonym of Orthonotomyrmex: Forel, 1913b: 350 (in text); Forel, 1914a: 264; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 970.

Myrmentoma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925a: 62; Emery, 1925b: 116; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSPHINCTA)

Myrmosphincta Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sexguttata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica cinerascens, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]

Myrmosphincta as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 151; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTARSUS)

Myrmotarsus Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica mistura, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica irritabilis, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 260.]

Myrmotarsus as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 260; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 134; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)

Myrmepomis Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica fulvopilosa, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 265; repeated in Arnold, 1922: 614.]

Myrmepomis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 265; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 245; Arnold, 1922: 614; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPOMIS)

Myrmolophus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica sericeiventris, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmolophus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237.

Myrmolophus as junior synonym of Myrmepomis: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 170. [Myrmepomis and Myrmolophus share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOGONIA)

Myrmogonia Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus laminatus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

Myrmogonia as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 240; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 143; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEURYNOTA)

Myrmeurynota Forel, 1912i: 92 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus eurynotus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 81.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Camponotus gilviventris, unjustified subsequent designation by Forel, 1914a: 266.]

Myrmeurynota as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1912i: 92; Forel, 1914a: 266; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 167; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPSAMMA)

Myrmopsamma Forel, 1914a: 261 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mystaceus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmopsamma as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 261; Forel, 1917: 250; Emery, 1920b: 246; Arnold, 1922: 612; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOMALIS)

Myrmomalis Forel, 1914a: 263 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus depressus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmomalis as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1914a: 263; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 251; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYS)

Myrmoplatys Forel, 1916: 460 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus korthalsiae, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmoplatys as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670.

Myrmoplatys as subgenus of Camponotus: Forel, 1916: 460; Forel, 1917: 251; Emery, 1920b: 238; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 135; Bolton, 1994: 50.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)

Myrmaphaenus Emery, 1920b: 237 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus leydigi, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmaphaenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 237; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 152; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonyms of CAMPONOTUS (MYRMAPHAENUS)

Paracolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus salvini, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Paracolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.

Paracolobopsis as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.

Neomyrmamblys Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus fastigatus, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1921f: 311.

Taxonomic history

Neomyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708.

Neomyrmamblys as junior synonym of Myrmaphaenus: Emery, 1925b: 152; Kempf, 1972a: 44.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMONESITES)

Myrmonesites Emery, 1920b: 242 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus putatus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmonesites as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 242; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 706; Emery, 1925b: 123.

[Myrmensites Donisthorpe, 1943f: 666, incorrect subsequent spelling.]

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPYTIA)

Myrmopytia Emery, 1920b: 243 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus imitator, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmopytia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 243; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 114; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOTEMNUS)

Myrmotemnus Emery, 1920b: 246 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus moeschi, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmotemnus as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 708; Emery, 1925b: 137; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 671 (anachronism).

Myrmotemnus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 246; Santschi, 1926c: 601.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PSEUDOCOLOBOPSIS)

Pseudocolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 249 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus macrocephalus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Pseudocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 249; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 157; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSTENUS)

Myrmostenus Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus mirabilis, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmostenus as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 161; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)

Hypercolobopsis Emery, 1920b: 250 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Colobopsis paradoxa, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Hypercolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1920b: 250; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 160; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CAMPONOTUS (HYPERCOLOBOPSIS)

Neocolobopsis Borgmeier, 1928b: 65 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Neocolobopsis) scrobifer (junior synonym of Camponotus coriolanus), by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Neocolobopsis as subgenus of Camponotus Borgmeier, 1928b: 65.

Neocolobopsis as junior synonym of Hypercolobopsis: Kempf, 1968b: 411; Kempf, 1972a: 43.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPIROMIS)

Myrmopiromis Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica fulvopilosa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707.

Taxonomic history

Myrmopiromis as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 707; Emery, 1925b: 1127.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOSAULUS)

Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Formica cinerascens, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica singularis, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1925b: 113, repeated in Donisthorpe, 1943f: 670. Note that Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445, states that C. cinerascens belongs in subgenus Myrmosericus. If so then Myrmosaulus would fall as a junior synonym of Myrmosericus.]

Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 705; Emery, 1925b: 112; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOCLADOECUS)

Myrmocladoecus Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus latangulus, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709.

Taxonomic history

Myrmocladoecus as subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 709; Emery, 1925b: 166; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MANNIELLA)

Manniella Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus sphaericus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Manniella subgenus of Camponotus: Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 19; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 710; Emery, 1925b: 159; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMISOLEPIS)

Myrmisolepis Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus epinotalis, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmisolepis as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Emery, 1925b: 133; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPELTA)

Myrmopelta Santschi, 1921f: 310 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus arminius, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmopelta as junior synonym of Myrmamblys: Emery, 1925b: 137.

Myrmopelta as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 310; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (footnote); Santschi, 1926a: 16; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPLATYPUS)

Myrmoplatypus Santschi, 1921f: 311 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus platytarsus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmoplatypus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 311; Emery, 1925b: 169; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMEPINOTUS)

Myrmepinotus Santschi, 1921f: 312 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus echinoploides, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1921f: 312; Emery, 1925b: 126; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOXYGENYS)

Myrmoxygenys Emery, 1925b: 70 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus caesar, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Myrmoxygenys as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 70; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (KARAVAIEVIA)

Karavaievia Emery, 1925b: 115 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus exsectus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Karavaievia as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 115; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMODIRACHIS)

Myrmodirachis Emery, 1925b: 168 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus heathi, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmodirachis as subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1925b: 168; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMESPERA)

Myrmespera Santschi, 1926b: 247 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmespera) debellator, by subsequent designation of Santschi, 1926c: 604.

Taxonomic history

Myrmespera as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926b: 247; Santschi, 1926c: 603; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (PARAMYRMAMBLYS)

Paramyrmamblys Santschi, 1926c: 604 [as subgenus of Camponotus].Type-species: Camponotus (Myrmamblys) ostiarius, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Paramyrmamblys as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 604; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMACRHAPHE)

Myrmacrhaphe Santschi, 1926c: 607 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus conradti, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Myrmacrhaphe as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1926c: 607; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (THLIPSEPINOTUS)

Thlipsepinotus Santschi, 1928e: 483 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus claripes, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Thlipsepinotus as subgenus of Camponotus: Santschi, 1928e: 483; all subsequent authors.

Subgenus CAMPONOTUS (MYRMOPALPELLA)

Myrmopalpella St?rcke, 1934: 30 [as subgenus of Camponotus]. Type-species: Camponotus megalonyx, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Myrmopalpella as genus: Wheeler, W.M. 1936e: 219 (in text); Donisthorpe, 1943f: 669.

Myrmopalpella as subgenus of Camponotus: Bolton, 1995b: 37.

Genus Camponotus references

Mayr, 1861: 35 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 1, 9 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1863: 397, 403 (Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogues); Mayr, 1865: 6, 7 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 67 (Colobopsis diagnois); Mayr, 1868c: 27 (*Baltic Amber species key); Mayr, 1870a: 373 (Colombia + Panama (= New Grenada) species key); Mayr, 1870b: 941 (Colobopsis species key); Andr?, 1874: 175 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 38 (Switzerland species key); Mayr, 1876: 58 (Australia species key); Mayr, 1878: 869 (all Dendromyrmex species key (as part of Camponotus)); Forel, 1878: 367, 368 (Camponotus, Colobopsis diagnoses); Andr?, 1882a: 138 (Europe & Algeria species key); Andr?, 1882b: 159 (Europe & Algeria Colobopsis species key); Cresson, 1887: 255 (U.S.A. Camponotus, Colobopsis catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 228 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 57 (Russia species key); Forel, 1891b: 71, 216 (Madagascar species key); Forel, 1892j: 223 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 219 (Rhinomyrmex, Mayria, Camponotus catalogues); Emery, 1893i: 667 (North America species key); Forel, 1893b: 435 (India & Sri Lanka C. (Colobopsis) species key); Emery, 1895j: 772 (synoptic classification); Emery, 1896d: 370, 378 (species groups, catalogue); Emery, 1898a: 225 (additions to 1896a catalogue); Emery, 1903 (South America species key); Bingham, 1903: 343, 348 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Colobopsis, Camponotus species keys); Ruzsky, 1905b: 185 (Russian Empire species key); Emery, 1908a: 183 (Palaearctic C. herculeanus & C. maculatus groups species key); Bondroit, 1910: 486 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910d: 297 (North America species key); Forel, 1914a: 259, 266 (subgenera diagnoses, species listed by subgenus); Stitz, 1914: 94 (Central Europe species key); Santschi, 1915c: 266 (C. (Myrmotrema) species key); Emery, 1916b: 227 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 600 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Mann, 1916: 489 (Dendromyrmex, all species key); Bondroit, 1918 (France & Belgium species key); Emery, 1920b: 235 (subgenera, diagoses); Emery, 1920c: 8 (Old World C. maculatus group, checklist & key); Wheeler, W.M. 1921a: 16 (subgenera, notes); Santschi, 1921f: 310 (subgenera, notes); Mann, 1921: 489, 499 (Fiji Is C. (Myrmogonia) & C. (Colobopsis) species keys); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 704 (subgenera synopsis); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 232, 948, 1039 (diagnosis, Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Arnold, 1922: 610, 612, 619, 662, 673 (diagnosis, South Africa subgenera synopsis, South Africa C. (Tanaemyrmex), C. (Myrmophyma), C. (Myrmopsamma) species keys); Arnold, 1924: 683, 700, 709, 724, 735 (South Africa C. (Myrmosericus), C. (Myrmamblys), C. (Orthonotomyrmex), C. (Myrmotrema), C. (Myrmepomis) species keys); Emery, 1925a: 62 (Palaearctic C. lateralis group, key); Emery, 1925b: 59 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 69 (C. (Dinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 70 (C. (Myrmoxygenys) & C. (Myrmopsamma) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 71 (C. (Camponotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 75 (C. (Tanaemyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 104 (C. (Myrmosericus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 107 (C. (Myrmothrix) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 109 (C. (Myrmophyma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 112 (C. (Myrmosaulus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 114 (C. (Myrmopytia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 115 (C. (Karavaievia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 116 (C. (Myrmentoma) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 121 (C. (Mayria) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 123 (C. (Myrmonesites) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 124 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 126 (C. (Myrmepinotus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 127 (C. (Myrmopiromis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 130 (C. (Myrmotrema) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 133 (C. (Myrmisolepis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 134 (C. (Myrmotarsus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 135 (C. (Myrmoplatys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 136 (C. (Myrmamblys) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 142 (C. (Rhinomyrmex) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 143 (C. (Myrmogonia) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 144 (C. (Colobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 151 (C. (Myrmosphincta) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 152 (C. (Myrmaphaenus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 157 (C. (Pseudocolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 159 (C. (Manniella) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 160 (C. (Hypercolobopsis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 161 (C. (Myrmostenus) & C. (Myrmobrachys) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 166 (C. (Myrmocladoecus) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 167 (C. (Myrmeurynota) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 168 (C. (Myrmodirachis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 169 (C. (Myrmomalis) & C. (Myrmoplatypus) diagnoses, catalogues); Emery, 1925b: 170 (C. (Myrmepomis) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 172 (Dendromyrmex diagnosis, catalogue); Santschi, 1926a: 16, 21 (C. (Myrmopelta) diagnosis, species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 275 (Ukraine species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 81 (Israel species key); Menozzi, 1935c: 330 (Chile species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 175 (Ukraine species key); Finzi, 1936: 190 (Egypt species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 316 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 236 (Germany species key); Kratochv?l, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Nov?k & Sadil, 1941: 109 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 387 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Donisthorpe, 1932g: 248 (C. (Orthonotomyrmex) notes); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 293 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Creighton, 1950a: 362 (North America species keys); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 220 (Asia checklist); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 29 (C. herculeanus complex); Kusnezov, 1952d: 192 (Argentina species key); Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 45 (C. herculeanus complex); Pisarski, 1961a: 175 (Poland species key); Gregg, 1963: 655 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 163 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Arnol'di, 1967: 1817 (former U.S.S.R. C. (Camponotus) species key); Bernard, 1967: 330 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Kempf, 1972a: 42, 95 (Neotropical catalogue); Hashmi, 1973: 1 (C. (Myrmothrix) all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 27 (Cuba species key); Snelling & Hunt, 1976: 117 (Chile species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 144 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 130 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 191 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 90 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 87 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1424 (North America catalogue); Allred, 1982: 445 (U.S.A., Utah species key); G?sswald, 1985: 264 (Germany species key); Collingwood, 1985: 275 (Saudi Arabia species key); Taylor & Brown, D.R. 1985: 109 (Australia catalogue); Dumpert, 1986: 571 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 60 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (Balkans species key); Taylor, 1987a: 10, 16 (Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand checklists); Snelling, 1988: 57 (Nearctic C. (Myrmentoma) species key); Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 222 (China species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 125 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 164 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Brand?o, 1991: 332 (Neotropical catalogue); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al. 1991: 38 (Japan species key); Terayama, 1991: 165 (Japan C. (Paramyrmamblys) species); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 207 (Bulgaria species key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 28 (China species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (South Siberia species key); Arakelian, 1994: 82 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1048 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 83, 169 (catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Dumpert, Maschwitz, Weissflog et al. 1995: 104 (C. (Karavaievia) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 352 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 168 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 370 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 170 (Central Europe species key); Radchenko, 1996b: 1195 (Asiatic Palaearctic species key); Cagniant, 1996b: 87 (Morocco species key); McArthur & Adams, 1996: 18 (Australia C. nigriceps group, key); MacKay, 1997: 194 (C. (Myrmostenus) species key); MacKay & MacKay, 1997b: 319 and Snelling, 2000: 607 (C. montivagus complex, keys); Robertson & Zachariades, 1997: 2 (C. fulvopilosus group, key); Snelling & Torres, 1998: 9 (Puerto Rico & Virgin Is species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (Portugal species key); Terayama, 1999b: 27 (Japan species key); Shattuck, 1999: 91 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001b: 200 (China, Guangxi species key); McArthur & Shattuck, 2001: 27 (Australia C. macrocephalus group, key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 153 (Poland species key); Fern?ndez, 2002: 58 (C. (Dendromyrmex) diagnosis, all species revision, key); MacKay & MacKay, 2002: 248 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Shattuck & McArthur, 2002: 65 (Australia C. wiederkehri group key); Bolton, 2003: 112 (synopsis); Shattuck, 2005: 3 (C. aureopilus group key); Radchenko, 2005b: 188 (North Korea species key); Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 75 (North American �Carpenter Ants� key); Snelling, 2006: 96 (U.S.A. C. festinatus complex, key); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 29 (India species, key); Dumpert, Maschwitz & Weissflog, 2006: 77 (C. (Karavaievia) species, keys); Seifert, 2007: 152 (North and Central Europe species key); McArthur, 2007a: 290 (Australia species key); Shattuck & Janda, 2009: 252 (C. aureopilus group key); MacKay & Delsinne, 2009: 496 (New World C. maculatus complex, key); Terayama, 2009: 216 (Taiwan species key); McArthur, 2010: 18 (south Australia species key).