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Species: Formica fusca   Linnaeus, 1758 


Classification:
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See Also:

Formica fusca_nr, Formica fusca alpicola, Formica fusca fuscolemani, Formica fusca hyrcana, Formica fusca maura, Formica fusca tombeuri

Taxonomic History (provided by Barry Bolton, 2017)

5 subspecies

Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758 PDF: 580 (w.) EUROPE. Palearctic. AntCat AntWiki HOL

Taxonomic history

Latreille, 1802a: 159 (q.m.); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1953c PDF: 164 (l.).
Combination in Formica (Serviformica): Forel, 1913j PDF: 361.
Senior synonym of Formica barbata: Emery & Forel, 1879: 451; of Formica flavipes, Formica libera: Latreille, 1802a: 159; Smith, 1851 PDF: 3; Roger, 1863b: 13; of Formica marcida: Francoeur, 1973 PDF: 189; of Formica pallipes, Formica rufipes: Dlussky, 1967a PDF: 58; of Formica tristis: Emery, 1892c PDF: 162; of Formica glebaria: Mayr, 1855 PDF: 346; Yarrow, 1954a PDF: 230; Dlussky, 1967a PDF: 58; Radchenko, 2007 PDF: 35.
Current subspecies: nominal plus Formica fusca alpicola, Formica fusca fuscolemani, Formica fusca hyrcana, Formica fusca maura, Formica fusca tombeuri.
See also: Emery, 1893k PDF: 657; Wheeler, 1913i PDF: 494; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 304; Stitz, 1939: 348; Dlussky, 1967a PDF: 58; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971 PDF: 148; Francoeur, 1973 PDF: 189; Tarbinsky, 1976 PDF: 180; Collingwood, 1979 PDF: 120; Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 183; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 260; Seppä, et al. 2011: 31.

Distribution:

(based on species list records)
Afrotropical Region: Africa
Indomalaya Region: Asia, India, Nepal
Nearctic Region: Alberta, Arizona, British Columbia, California, Canada, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North America, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Saskatchewan, South Dakota, Tennessee, United States, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Neotropical Region: Americas, Costa Rica, Mexico
Palearctic Region: Aargau, Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Brussels Capital, Bulgaria, Central Asia, Channel Islands, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, East Flanders, Eastern Asia, Eastern Europe, Estonia, Europe, Finland, Flemish Brabant, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hainaut, Hovedstaden, Hungary, Ionía Nísia, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyustendil, Latvia, Limburg, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madrid, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Namur, Netherlands, Northern Africa, Northern Europe, Norway, Peloponnísos, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Sjælland, Skåne, Slovakia, Slovenia, Smolyan, Sofia, Southern Europe, Southwest Finland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Västra Götaland, Walloon Brabant, West Flanders, Western Europe, Zurich

Taxonomic Treatment (provided by Plazi)

Scientific Name Status Publication Pages ModsID GoogleMaps
Formica fusca   Forel, A., 1890, Fourmis de Tunisie et de l'Algérie orientale., Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, Comptes-rendus des Seances 34, pp. 61-76: 67, (download) 67 3926
Formica fusca   Nylander, W., 1846, Adnotationes in monographiam formicarum borealium Europae., Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 2, pp. 875-944: 919-920, (download) 919-920 4277
Formica fusca   Ward, P. S., 2005, A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., Zootaxa 936, pp. 1-68: -1, (download) -1 21008
Formica fusca   Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8, pp. 1-174: 120, (download) 120 6175
Formica fusca   Förster, A., 1850, Hymenopterologische Studien. 1. Formicariae., Aachen: Unknown Publisher: 33-35, (download) 33-35 8138
Formica fusca   Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London: British Museum: 3, (download) 3 8200
Formica fusca   Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London: British Museum: 10, (download) 10 8200
Formica fusca   Förster, A., 1850, Hymenopterologische Studien. 1. Formicariae., Aachen: Unknown Publisher: 35-36, (download) 35-36 8138

Specimen Habitat Summary

Found most commonly in these habitats: 0 times found in Unknown, 0 times found in heathlands, 0 times found in Forest, 0 times found in Anthropogenic, 0 times found in dry grassland, 0 times found in shrubs, 0 times found in Rocks (rocky-calcareous grasslands), 0 times found in Spruce-fir Forest, 0 times found in Wet grassland, 1 times found in Aspen forest, ...

Found most commonly in these microhabitats: 20 times under stone, 10 times Nest under stone, 3 times foragers, 3 times ground forager(s), 4 times nest under rock, 3 times strays, 2 times on ground, 5 times Nido bajo piedra, 4 times Bajo piedra, 2 times under dead wood, 1 times foraging on exposed soil, ...

Collected most commonly using these methods: 0 times Manual catch, 1 times pitfall trap, 35 times search, 6 times under rock, 28 times Bay Area Ant Survey (BAAS), 29 times Hand, 13 times hand collecting, 0 times Malaise trap, 0 times Log Stage 4, 0 times Window trap, 0 times Log stage 3, ...

Elevations: collected from 1 - 4175 meters, 1966 meters average

Type specimens: type of Formica fusca: casent0903269; type of Formica fusca var. rufipes: focol2746, focol2747; unpublished name: Formica glebaria maura: antweb1008409, antweb1008410



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