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Species: Formica (fusca-group) fusca   Linnaeus, 1758 

Classification:
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See Also:

Formica fusca_nr, Formica fusca aculeata, Formica fusca aldiga, Formica fusca algida, Formica fusca alpicola, Formica fusca argentea, Formica fusca armeniaca, Formica fusca blanda, Formica fusca borealis, Formica fusca caucasica, Formica fusca cinerea, Formica fusca cinereo-fuscoides, Formica fusca cinereo-rufibarbis, Formica fusca cinereofuscoides, Formica fusca cinereoides, Formica fusca cinereorufibarbis, Formica fusca clara, Formica fusca decipiens, Formica fusca densiventris, Formica fusca fairchildi, Formica fusca filchneri, Formica fusca formosae, Formica fusca fusca, Formica fusca fusco-cinerea, Formica fusca fusco-gagates, Formica fusca fusco-glebaria, Formica fusca fusco-rufibarbis, Formica fusca fuscocinerea, Formica fusca fuscogagates, Formica fusca fuscolemani, Formica fusca fuscorufibarbis, Formica fusca gagates, Formica fusca gagatoides, Formica fusca gelida, Formica fusca gerardi, Formica fusca glacialis, Formica fusca glauca, Formica fusca glebaria, Formica fusca gnava, Formica fusca hyrcana, Formica fusca imitans, Formica fusca implana, Formica fusca inplana, Formica fusca inplanata, Formica fusca japonica, Formica fusca lemani, Formica fusca lusitanica, Formica fusca lutescens, Formica fusca marcida, Formica fusca maura, Formica fusca montana, Formica fusca muralewiczi, Formica fusca neoclara, Formica fusca neodara, Formica fusca neogagates, Formica fusca neorufibarbis, Formica fusca nipponensis, Formica fusca occidentalis, Formica fusca orientalis, Formica fusca pallipes, Formica fusca perpilosa, Formica fusca picco-orientalis, Formica fusca picea, Formica fusca piceo-orientalis, Formica fusca piceogagates, Formica fusca piceoorientalis, Formica fusca pruinosa, Formica fusca pyrenaea, Formica fusca rubescens, Formica fusca rufibarbis, Formica fusca rufibarbis cinereoides, Formica fusca rufipes, Formica fusca rufobarboides, Formica fusca specularis, Formica fusca subaenecens, Formica fusca subaenescens, Formica fusca subaeneus, Formica fusca subpilosa, Formica fusca subpolita, Formica fusca subrufa, Formica fusca subsericea, Formica fusca subsericeae, Formica fusca subsericeo-neorufibarbis, Formica fusca sulci, Formica fusca tombeuri, Formica fusca transcaucasica, Formica fusca transcaucasica-gagates, Formica fusca transcaucasico-gagates, Formica fusca transcaucasicogagates, Formica fusca yatsuensis

Taxonomic History (provided by Barry Bolton, 2016)

5 subspecies

Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758 PDF: 580 (w.) EUROPE. Palearctic. AntCat AntWiki HOL

Taxonomic history

Latreille, 1802a: 159 (q.m.); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1953c PDF: 164 (l.).
Combination in Formica (Serviformica): Forel, 1913j PDF: 361.
Senior synonym of Formica barbata: Emery & Forel, 1879: 451; of Formica flavipes, Formica libera: Latreille, 1802a: 159; Smith, 1851 PDF: 3; Roger, 1863b: 13; of Formica marcida: Francoeur, 1973 PDF: 189; of Formica pallipes, Formica rufipes: Dlussky, 1967a PDF: 58; of Formica tristis: Emery, 1892c PDF: 162; of Formica glebaria: Mayr, 1855 PDF: 346; Yarrow, 1954a PDF: 230; Dlussky, 1967a PDF: 58; Radchenko, 2007 PDF}: 35.
Current subspecies: nominal plus Formica fusca alpicola, Formica fusca fuscolemani, Formica fusca hyrcana, Formica fusca maura, Formica fusca tombeuri.
See also: Emery, 1893k PDF: 657; Wheeler, 1913i PDF: 494; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 304; Stitz, 1939: 348; Dlussky, 1967a PDF: 58; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971 PDF: 148; Francoeur, 1973 PDF: 189; Tarbinsky, 1976 PDF: 180; Collingwood, 1979 PDF: 120; Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 183; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 260; Seppä, et al. 2011: 31.

Distribution:


Indomalaya Region: India, Nepal
Nearctic Region: Arizona, California, Canada, Colorado, Georgia, New Mexico, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington
Neotropical Region: Costa Rica, Mexico
Palearctic Region: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Isle of Man, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom

Taxonomic Treatment (provided by Plazi)

Scientific Name Status Publication Pages ModsID GoogleMaps
Formica fusca   Forel, A., 1890, Fourmis de Tunisie et de l'Algérie orientale., Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, Comptes-rendus des Seances 34, pp. 61-76: 67, (download) 67 3926
Formica fusca   Nylander, W., 1846, Adnotationes in monographiam formicarum borealium Europae., Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 2, pp. 875-944: 919-920, (download) 919-920 4277
Formica fusca   Ward, P. S., 2005, A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., Zootaxa 936, pp. 1-68: -1, (download) -1 21008
Formica fusca   Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8, pp. 1-174: 120, (download) 120 6175
Formica fusca   Förster, A., 1850, Hymenopterologische Studien. 1. Formicariae., Aachen: Unknown Publisher: 33-35, (download) 33-35 8138
Formica fusca   Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London: British Museum: 3, (download) 3 8200
Formica fusca   Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London: British Museum: 10, (download) 10 8200
Formica fusca   Förster, A., 1850, Hymenopterologische Studien. 1. Formicariae., Aachen: Unknown Publisher: 35-36, (download) 35-36 8138

Specimen Habitat Summary

Found most commonly in these habitats: 0 times found in Unknown, 0 times found in heathlands, 0 times found in Forest, 0 times found in Anthropogenic, 0 times found in dry grassland, 0 times found in shrubs, 0 times found in Rocks (rocky-calcareous grasslands), 0 times found in Spruce-fir Forest, 0 times found in Wet grassland, 1 times found in Aspen forest, ...

Found most commonly in these microhabitats: 16 times under stone, 10 times Nest under stone, 3 times foragers, 3 times ground forager(s), 4 times nest under rock, 3 times strays, 2 times on ground, 5 times Nido bajo piedra, 1 times nest under dead wood, 4 times Bajo piedra, 4 times NBP, ...

Collected most commonly using these methods: 0 times Manual catch, 1 times pitfall trap, 30 times search, 6 times under rock, 28 times Bay Area Ant Survey (BAAS), 29 times Hand, 0 times Malaise trap, 13 times hand collecting, 0 times Log Stage 4, 0 times Window trap, 0 times Log stage 3, ...

Elevations: collected from 1 - 4175 meters, 1945 meters average

Type specimens: type of Formica fusca: casent0903269; type of Formica fusca var. rufipes: focol2746, focol2747



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