Genus: Lasius

Lasius Fabricius, 1804: 415. Type-species: Formica nigra, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 338.

Taxonomic history

[Lasius Jurine, 1801: 164 (Apidae), resurrected by Morice & Durrant, 1915: 421, later suppressed by Act of Commission.]

Lasius in Formicinae: Mayr, 1861: 49 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868c: 42 [Formicidae].

Lasius in Camponotinae: Forel, 1878: 374 [Camponotidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 452 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1886f: 206; Dalla Torre, 1893: 181.

Lasius in Camponotinae, Camponotini: Forel, 1886f: 206.

Lasius in Camponotinae, Formicini: Forel, 1893a: 165; Forel, 1895b: 103; Emery, 1895j: 772; Forel, 1899c: 127; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1912i: 89; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 120.

Lasius in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Carpenter, 1930: 58; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 201; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258.

Lasius in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655.

Lasius in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.

Lasius in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Emery, 1925b: 226; all subsequent authors except the entries above; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 22, 96.

Lasius as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Donisthorpe, 1916c: 276; Morice & Durrant, 1917: 442. Donisthorpe, 1927b: 206; Donisthorpe, 1937d: 132; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 655; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.

Lasius as junior synonym of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 61; Emery, 1916b: 239; Emery, 1917a: 96; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170; Bondroit, 1918: 19.

Lasius as genus: Fabricius, 1804: 415; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1925b: 226; Wilson, 1955a: 11; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonyms of LASIUS

Donisthorpea Morice & Durrant, 1915: 423. Type-species: Formica nigra, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

[Unnecessary replacement name for Lasius Fabricius.]

Donisthorpea in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.

Donisthorpea as genus: Morice & Durrant, 1915: 423; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184.

Donisthorpea as subgenus of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 11; Emery, 1916b: 240.

Donisthorpea as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 229; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 640; Donisthorpe, 1946g: 91.

Donisthorpea as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Morice & Durrant, 1917: 442; Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209.

Donisthorpea as junior synonym of Lasius: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1925b: 226; Wilson, 1955a: 11. [Lasius and Donisthorpea share the same type-species; synonymy is therefore absolute.]

*Tylolasius Zhang, 1989: 295. Type-species: *Tylolasius inflatus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

*Tylolasius incertae sedis in Formicinae: Bolton, 2003: 28, 131.

*Tylolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Hong, Wu & Ren, 2001: 348.

Subgenera of LASIUS include the nominal plus the following.

Subgenus LASIUS (ACANTHOMYOPS)

Acanthomyops Mayr, 1862: 652 (diagnosis in key), 699. Type-species: Formica clavigera, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Acanthomyops in Formicinae: Mayr, 1862: 652 (in key) [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 8 [Formicidae].

Acanthomyops in Camponotinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Forel, 1917: 249.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Formicini: Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 651; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 101; Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1985: 258; Jaffe, 1993: 14.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Acanthomyopsini: Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Lasius genus group: Agosti, 1991: 296.

Acanthomyops in Formicinae, Lasiini: Ashmead, 1905b: 384 (misspelled as Acanthomyrmex); Emery, 1925b: 236; all subsequent authors except for those above.

Acanthomyops as junior synonym of Lasius: Mayr, 1866b: 888; Dalla Torre, 1893: 181.

Acanthomyops as subgenus of Formicina: Emery, 1916a: 11; Forel, 1917: 249.

Acanthomyops as genus: Mayr, 1862: 699; Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 618; Creighton, 1950a: 426; Smith, M.R. 1958c: 150; Wing, 1968: 47; Bolton, 1994: 50; Bolton, 2003: 94.

Acanthomyops as subgenus of Lasius: Emery, 1893i: 642; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143; Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 236; Buren, 1950: 188; Smith, M.R. 1951a: 852; Gregg, 1963: 453; Ward, 2005: 13.

Subgenus LASIUS (DENDROLASIUS)

Dendrolasius Ruzsky, 1912: 630 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica fuliginosa, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

[Dendrolasius also described as new by Ruzsky, 1914a: 59.]

Dendrolasius as subgenus of Formicina: Forel, 1917: 249.

Dendrolasius as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 211; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 637.

Dendrolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Ruzsky, 1912: 630; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 235; Wilson, 1955a: 14; all subsequent authors except the following.

Dendrolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional].

Subgenus LASIUS (CHTHONOLASIUS)

Chtonolasius Ruzsky, 1912: 630 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica umbrata, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1925b: 232.

Taxonomic history

[Chtonolasius also described as new by Ruzsky, 1914a: 59. The claim by some authors (e.g. Emery, 1916a: 11; Donisthorpe, 1941f: 37; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 633) that Ruzsky nominated Lasius flavus as type-species is incorrect. Ruzsky (1912: 630) included those species "with the appearance of the yellow Lasius (Las. flavus D.G.) and its closely related species, and races (Las. carniolicus, Las. umbratus, Las. myops, Las. mixtus)". This is not a direct nomination of a type-species, nor is De Geer (= D.G.) the author of flavus: Bolton, 1995b: 24.]

Chthonolasius justified emendation of spelling: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170.

Chthonolasius as junior synonym of Formicina: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172; Emery, 1916a: 11.

Chthonolasius as subgenus of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 254.

Chthonolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Ruzsky, 1912: 630; Ruzsky, 1914a: 59; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698; Emery, 1925b: 231; Wilson, 1955a: 13; all subsequent authors except the following.

Chthonolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].

Subgenus LASIUS (CAUTOLASIUS)

Cautolasius Wilson, 1955a: 13 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Formica flava, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Cautolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].

Cautolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Bolton, 2003: 97.

Subgenus LASIUS (AUSTROLASIUS)

Austrolasius Faber, 1967: 74 [as subgenus of Lasius]. Type-species: Lasius carniolicus, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Austrolasius as junior synonym of Lasius: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional].

Autrolasius as subgenus of Lasius: Bolton, 2003: 97.

Genus Lasius references

Mayr, 1861: 49 (Europe species key); Roger, 1863b: 11 (catalogue); Mayr, 1863: 394, 425 (catalogue); Mayr, 1865: 8 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1867a: 74 (diagnosis); Andr?, 1874: 179 (Europe species key); Forel, 1874: 46 (Switzerland species key); Forel, 1878: 374 (diagnosis); Andr?, 1882b: 191 (Europe & Algeria species key); Cresson, 1887: 257 (U.S.A. catalogue); Provancher, 1887: 236 (Canada species key); Nasonov, 1889: 64 (Russia species key); Dalla Torre, 1893: 181 (catalogue); Emery, 1893i: 637 (North America species key); Bingham, 1903: 339 (India species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 264 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 10 (Luxemburg species key); Bondroit, 1910: 484 (Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1910e: 237 (North America L. umbratus forms, key); Stitz, 1914: 82 (Central Europe species key); Donisthorpe, 1915d: 188 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916b: 243 (Italy species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1916m: 591 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Bondroit, 1918: 19 (France & Belgium species key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 698 (subgenera key); Emery, 1925b: 226 (diagnosis, subgenera key, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 231 (L. (Chthonolasius) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 235 (L. (Dendrolasius) diagnosis, catalogue); Emery, 1925b: 236 (L. (Acanthomyops) diagnosis, catalogue); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 186 (Turkestan species key); Karavaiev, 1927c: 277 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927b: 206 (Britain species key); Arnol'di, 1933b: 602 (Russia species key); Karavaiev, 1936: 193 (Ukraine species key); St?rcke, 1937: 57 (Europe L. umbratus group, key); Menozzi, 1939a: 313 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 267 (Germany species key); Kratochv?l, 1941: 100 (Central Europe species key); Nov?k & Sadil, 1941: 100 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 373 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943b: 174 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944: 199 (Norway species key); Buren, 1944a: 296 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); St?rcke, 1944a: 157 (Europe L. niger group, key); Boven, 1947: 184 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 418 (North America Lasius species key); Creighton, 1950a: 428 (North America Acanthomyops species key); Buren, 1950: 188 (Acanthomyops queens, key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 201 (Asia checklist); Wilson, 1955a: 13 (subgenera review); Wilson, 1955a: 26 (Nearctic Lasius species revision, key); Wilson, 1955a: 28 (Palaearctic species revision, key); Boven, 1959: 11 (Netherlands species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 177 (U.S.A., North Dakota Lasius species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1963: 195 (U.S.A., North Dakota Acanthomyops species key); Gregg, 1963: 453 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Collingwood, 1963: 155 (Europe L. umbratus group species key); Collingwood, 1964: 107 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967: 349 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Wing, 1968: 53 (Acanthomyops diagnosis, all species revision, key); Bourne, 1973: 19 (Britain species key); Boven, 1970b: 28 (Netherlands species key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 7 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 133 (Kyrghyzstan species key); Boven, 1977: 135 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 208 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 555 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 89 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 92 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1435 (North America Lasius catalogue); Smith, D.R. 1979: 1440 (North America Acanthomyops catalogue); Yamauchi, 1979: 147 (Japan species keys); Allred, 1982: 444 (U.S.A., Utah Acanthomyops species key); Allred, 1982: 450 (U.S.A., Utah Lasius species key); Collingwood, 1982: 283 (Himalayan species key); G?sswald, 1985: 268 (Germany species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 64 (U.S.A., Nevada Lasius species key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1986g: 68 (U.S.A., Nevada Acanthomyops species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 70 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 281 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Seifert, 1988a: 143 (Europe L. (Chthonolasius) species key); Kupyanskaya, 1989: 781 (East Palaearctic L. (Dendrolasius) species key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 158 (Turkmenistan species key); Seifert, 1990: 1 (supplement to European L. (Chthonolasius)); Agosti & Bolton, 1990b: 149 (characters); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 211 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Morisita, Kubota, Onoyama, et al., 1991: 24 (Japan species key); Agosti, 1991: 295 (Lasius genus group diagnosis); Seifert, 1992b: 48 (Palaearctic L. (Lasius) species key); Atanasov & Dlussky, 1992: 232 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 111 (Armenia species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Radchenko, 1994b: 114 (South Siberia species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 53 (Acanthomyops catalogue); Bolton, 1995b: 221 (Lasius catalogue); Douwes, 1995: 92 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 361 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 153 (China species key); Seifert, 1996b: 179 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 42 (Britain species key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 22 (Portugal species key); Zhou, 2001b: 187 (China, Guangxi species key); Blacker & Collingwood, 2002: 44 (British species key); Czechowski, Radchenko & Czechowska, 2002: 154 (Poland species key); MacKay & MacKay, 2002: 237 (U.S.A., New Mexico Acanthomyops species key); MacKay & MacKay, 2002: 331 (U.S.A., New Mexico Lasius species key); Radchenko, 2005a: 93 (East Palaearctic L. (Dendrolasius) species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 190 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 159 (North and Central Europe species key); Terayama, 2009: 207 (Taiwan species key).