Species: Pheidole roushae

Wilson, E. O.:
Etymology Named in honor of Sal Roush, in recognition of her outstanding contribution in service and support to tropical conservation, hence the habitats in which the Pheidole ants will continue to survive.
diagnosis A member of the fallax group, very distinct but with some similarities to fallax , jelskii , obscurithorax , puttemansi , and valens , recognizable as follows.
Major: reddish yellow; head quadrate; antennal scape very long, slightly surpassing occipital lobe in repose; frontal lobes rugoreticulate; all of space between eyes, circular carinulae of antennal fossae and anterior genal margins rugoreticulate; posterior half of head foveolate and opaque, with scattered, short, irregular rugulae scattered over the dorsal surface of the occipital lobes; petiolar node very thick in side view, its apex broadly rounded; anterior fourth of middle strip of first gastral tergite shagreened.
Minor: eye large and set well forward, its anterior margin only slightly more distant from the anterior clypeal margin than Eye
Length; entire head, mesosoma, and waist foveolate; petiolar node in side view thick, its apex broadly rounded.
Measurements (mm) Holotype major: HW 1.14, HL 1.20, SL 1.04, EL 0.20, PW 0.60.
Paratype minor: HW 0.60, HL 0.78, SL 1.04, EL 0.16, PW 0.44.
Color Major: reddish yellow ("orange").
Minor: concolorous medium yellow.
range Known only from the type locality.
Biology The type series was collected in a shaded cafetal, a tropical forest with planted coffee.
figure Upper: holotype, major. Lower: paratype, minor. MEXICO: Sierra Teoviscocla, near Cuichapa, Veracruz, 1600 m (Cornell University Mexico Field Party, 1965). Scale bars = 1 mm.