Global: Bolton World Catalog > Myrmicinae > Crematogaster

Genus: Crematogaster

Taxonomic Hierarchy:

Subfamily: Myrmicinae Genus: Crematogaster

Taxonomic History (provided by Barry Bolton, 2010)

Crematogaster Lund, 1831a: 132. Type-species: Formica scutellaris, by subsequent designation of Bingham, 1903: 124.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Formica acuta, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1912d: 272; this error repeated in, for example, Emery, 1914c: 39, Arnold, 1920a: 482, Emery, 1922e: 128, Gallardo, 1934: 4, Souli?, 1965: 78.]

[Cremastogaster Mayr, 1861: 74 (and many later authors), incorrect subsequent spelling. Discussions of spelling: Emery, 1912d: 272 (footnote); Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 78; Donisthorpe, 1941f: 36; Buren, 1959: 125.]

Crematogaster in Poneridae, Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1858b: 134.

Crematogaster in Myrmicidae: Smith, F. 1971a: 329; Cresson, 1887: 262.

Crematogaster in Myrmicinae: Mayr, 1855: 468 [Myrmicidae]; Smith, F. 1857a: 75 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 74 [Myrmicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 22 [Myrmicidae]; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464 [Myrmicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 79.

Crematogaster in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini: Emery, 1877a: 81 [Myrmicidae, Pheidolidae].

Crematogaster in Myrmicinae, Crematogastrini: Forel, 1893a: 164; Forel, 1895b: 130; Emery, 1895j: 769; Forel, 1899c: 81; Ashmead, 1905b: 383; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 140; Emery, 1914a: 41; Forel, 1917: 242; Arnold, 1920a: 482; Emery, 1922e: 127; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; all subsequent authors.

Junior synonym of CREMATOGASTER

Acrocoelia Mayr, 1853a: 147. Type-species: Acrocoelia ruficeps (junior synonym of Formica scutellaris), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 158.

Taxonomic history

Acrocoelia as genus: Mayr, 1853a: 147; Souli�, 1964: 398.

Acrocoelia as subgenus of Crematogaster: Emery, 1922e: 140; Donisthorpe, 1943f: 619; Creighton, 1950a: 206; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 86.

Acrocoelia as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Roger, 1863b: 36; Mayr, 1863: 404; Emery & Forel, 1879a: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 79; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 158; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 828; Buren, 1959: 126; Kempf, 1972a: 81; Brown, 1973b: 178. [Type-species of Acrocoelia and Crematogaster are synonymous, generic synonymy is therefore absolute.]

Subgenera of CREMATOGASTER include the nominal plus the following.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (OXYGYNE)

Oxygyne Forel, 1901e: 375 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster (Oxygyne) daisyi, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 169.

Taxonomic history

Oxygyne as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Oxygyne as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Oxygyne as subgenus of Crematogaster: Forel, 1901e: 375; Forel, 1917: 242; Arnold, 1920a: 542; Emery, 1922e: 156; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except those above; Bolton, 1995b: 40.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (DECACREMA)

Decacrema Forel, 1910a: 18 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster schencki, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 161.

Taxonomic history

[Decacrema also described as new by Forel, 1910f: 9. Type-species not Crematogaster decamera, unjustified subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 860.]

Decacrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Decacrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Decacrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Forel, 1910a: 18; Forel, 1917: 242; Arnold, 1920a: 547; Emery, 1922e: 137; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 661; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 26.

[Decracrema Arnold, 1920a: 547; incorrect subsequent spelling.]

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (ATOPOGYNE)

Atopogyne Forel, 1911d: 343 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster (Atopogyne) hellenica, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 159.

Taxonomic history

[Type-species not Crematogaster depressa, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1912d: 272; repeated in Emery, 1922e: 154, Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 851 and Souli?, 1965: 78.]

Atopogyne as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Atopogyne as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Atopogyne as subgenus of Crematogaster: Forel, 1911d: 343; Forel, 1917: 242; Arnold, 1920a: 545; Emery, 1922e: 153; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 21.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (PHYSOCREMA)

Physocrema Forel, 1912f: 220 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster inflata, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1913a: 82.

Taxonomic history

Physocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Physocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Physocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Forel, 1912f: 220; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 139; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 42.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (XIPHOCREMA)

Xiphocrema Forel, 1913k: 80 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster tetracantha, by subsequent designation of Emery, 1922e: 138.

Taxonomic history

Xiphocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Xiphocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Xiphocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Forel, 1913k: 80; Forel, 1917: 242; Emery, 1922e: 138; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 50.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (NEMATOCREMA)

Nematocrema Santschi, 1918d: 182 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster stadelmanni, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Nematocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Nematocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Nematocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Santschi, 1918d: 182; Emery, 1922e: 157; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 38.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (ORTHOCREMA)

Orthocrema Santschi, 1918d: 182 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Myrmica sordidula, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Orthocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Orthocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Orthocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Santschi, 1918d: 182; Emery, 1922e: 130; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except those above; Bolton, 1995b: 40.

Junior synonym of CREMATOGASTER (ORTHOCREMA)

Tranopeltoides Wheeler, W.M. 1922e: 10. Type-species: Tranopelta huberi, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Tranopeltoides in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini: Donisthorpe, 1943g: 733; Kusnezov, 1957a: 270.

Tranopeltoides as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Kempf, 1960c: 173.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (EUCREMA)

Eucrema Santschi, 1918d: 182 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Formica acuta, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

[Emery, 1919b: 62, Emery, 1922e: 137, Souli?, 1964: 389 and Souli?, 1965: 78 incorrectly treat Eucrema as a junior synonym of subgenus Crematogaster sensu stricto. This stems from Emery's 1912d: 272 unjustified subsequent designation of Formica acuta as type-species of Crematogaster; see above.]

Eucrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 180 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Eucrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Kempf, 1972a: 82; Bolton, 1995b: 29.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (NEOCREMA)

Neocrema Santschi, 1918d: 182 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster distans, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Neocrema as junior synonym of Orthocrema: Emery, 1922e: 130.

Neocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Neocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Neocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Santschi, 1918d: 182; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; Kempf, 1972a: 82; Bolton, 1995b: 39.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (SPHAEROCREMA)

Sphaerocrema Santschi, 1918d: 182 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster kneri, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Sphaerocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Sphaerocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 185 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Sphaerocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Santschi, 1918d: 182; Emery, 1922e: 152; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 46.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (PARACREMA)

Paracrema Santschi, 1918d: 182 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster spengeli, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Paracrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Paracrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 183 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Paracrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Santschi, 1918d: 182; Emery, 1922e: 155; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except those above; Bolton, 1995b: 41.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (RHACHIOCREMA)

Rhachiocrema Mann, 1919: 318 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster (Rhachiocrema) wheeleri, by original designation.

Taxonomic history

Rhachiocrema as genus: Souli?, 1964: 398.

Rhachiocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 184 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Rhachiocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Mann, 1919: 318; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 662; subsequent authors except for those above; Bolton, 1995b: 45.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (COLOBOCREMA)

Colobocrema Wheeler, W.M. 1927f: 31 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster (Colobocrema) cylindriceps, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Colobocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 179 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Colobocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Wheeler, W.M. 1927f: 31; Bolton, 1995b: 24.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (MESOCREMA)

Mesocrema Santschi, 1928b: 33 [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster rasoherinae, by subsequent designation of Donisthorpe, 1943f: 661.

Taxonomic history

Mesocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 182 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Mesocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Santschi, 1928b: 33; Bolton, 1995b: 35.

Subgenus CREMATOGASTER (APTEROCREMA)

Apterocrema Wheeler, W.M. 1936c: 45 (in text) [as subgenus of Crematogaster]. Type-species: Crematogaster (Apterocrema) atitlanica, by monotypy.

Taxonomic history

Apterocrema as junior synonym of Crematogaster: Brown, 1973b: 178 [provisional]; Smith, D.R. 1979: 1376; H?lldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13.

Apterocrema as subgenus of Crematogaster: Wheeler, W.M. 1936c: 45; Kempf, 1972a: 81; Bolton, 1995b: 21.

Genus Crematogaster references: see above.